CN106676292A - Preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallic conducting material - Google Patents
Preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallic conducting material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676292A CN106676292A CN201610999334.3A CN201610999334A CN106676292A CN 106676292 A CN106676292 A CN 106676292A CN 201610999334 A CN201610999334 A CN 201610999334A CN 106676292 A CN106676292 A CN 106676292A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for heat treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an Al-CuZn bimetallic conducting material. The preparation method of the Al-CuZn bimetallic conducting material comprises the steps that firstly, CuZn alloy is prepared through induction smelting; secondly, an aluminum block and the CuZn alloy are pretreated; and finally, the pretreated aluminum block and the pretreated CuZn alloy are placed into a hot-pressing grinding tool for vacuum hot-pressing sintering, and thus the Al-CuZn bimetallic conducting material is obtained. According to the preparation method of the Al-CuZn bimetallic conducting material, by adding Zn into copper, the lattice constant and other properties of copper are changed, the liquid-solid diffusivity of pure copper and aluminum on an interface is reduced, generation of intermetallic compounds including CuAl2 and Cu4Al9 is restrained, and the interface structure of the Al-CuZn bimetallic material is improved; by means of the different melting points of aluminum and copper, it is guaranteed that the pure aluminum with the molten surface and the solid CuZn alloy form a good transition interface through diffusion under the high-temperature condition, and metallurgical bonding of aluminum and the CuZn alloy is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to double metallic composite material preparing technical field, and in particular to a kind of Al-CuZn bimetallics conduction material
The preparation method of material.
Background technology
The connection of Al-Cu dissimilar metals is widely used in metallurgy, electric power, chemical industry, refrigeration and aerospace industry, mesh
Before, mainly the bimetallic connections of Al-Cu are realized using methods such as fusion casting, blast weldering, agitating friction welderings.But due to Al, Cu two
Plant melting point metal and differ 424 DEG C, linear expansion coefficient differs more than 40%, and conductivity also differs more than 70%, and Al, Cu are
Easily oxidized active metal element, in welding process, two kinds of metals not only easily form metal-oxide, also easily at interface
Place generates CuAl2, Cu4Al9Deng intermetallic compound, both hard crisp phases cause the material bond strength after two kinds of metal connections
Relatively low, interface resistance is larger, and crackle is easily generated during use, reduces its service life.In order to reduce interface gold
The generation of compound between category, improves interface bond strength and reduces interface resistance, can generate solid solution in the interface of Al and Cu
Body tissue replaces intermetallic compound, therefore, to change the solid diffusivity of Al and Cu liquid at high temperature and improve and change between metal
The compound enthalpy of formation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material, solves prior art
The Al-Cu composite bond strengths of preparation are low, and the problem of crackle is easily generated during use.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material, initially with
Induction melting prepares CuZn alloys, then to aluminium block and CuZn alloys pretreatment is carried out respectively, finally by pretreated aluminium block
Being positioned over together in hot pressing grinding tool with CuZn alloys carries out vacuum heating-press sintering, obtains Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials.
Of the invention the characteristics of, also resides in,
The preparation of CuZn alloys：By H62 pyrite and fine copper block, CuZn alloys, wherein H62 pyrite are obtained by induction melting
It is 1 with the mass ratio of fine copper block：3~37.
Aluminium block pretreatment：Fine aluminium block is immersed in into concentration to carry out 30~60s of alkali cleaning in 5% sodium hydroxide solution, then is used
Alcohol washes.
The pretreatment of CuZn alloys：CuZn alloys are adopted into alcohol washes.
The detailed process of vacuum heating-press sintering is：The CuZn alloys and Al of pretreatment are positioned over into together hot pressing grinding tool, so
Hot pressing die is put in vacuum sintering funace afterwards, to vacuum sintering funace evacuation, when vacuum reaches in sintering furnace
6.67×10-3Pa~6.67 × 10-220~40min of sintering is begun to warm up after Pa, heating-up temperature is incubated 20 to after 560~660 DEG C
~90min, gives hot pressing die 2~6Mpa of pressurization in heating process, cold with stove after aluminum and CuZn alloys complete to spread molding
But, high intensity Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive material is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material of the present invention, by adding in copper
Enter Zn elements, change the lattice paprmeter and other performance of copper, reduce the solid diffusivity of liquid of the fine copper with aluminum in interface, suppression
CuAl processed2、Cu4Al9The generation of intermetallic compound, improves Al-CuZn bimetallic material Interface Microstructures；Using aluminum and copper molten
Difference on point, it is ensured that the fine aluminium of hot conditionss lower surface fusing forms good transition circle by diffusion and solid-state CuZn alloy
Face, realizes both aluminum and CuZn alloys metallurgical binding, and the bimetallic conductive material of formation is except with the respective superiority of aluminum and copper
Can be outer, while also having higher boundary strength, its interface shear strength is up to more than 60Mpa.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the preparation of embodiment 3 Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive material interface cohesion district's groups are knitted.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in detail.
The preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material of the present invention, prepares first the CuZn alloys of different Zn contents, so
Respectively pretreatment is carried out to aluminium block and CuZn alloys again afterwards, finally be positioned over together in hot pressing grinding tool by CuZn alloys and aluminium block
Row vacuum heating-press sintering, obtains Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials.
Concretely comprise the following steps：
Step 1, weighs mass ratio for 1：3~37 H62 pyrite and fine copper block, by H62 pyrite and fine copper block graphite is put into
In crucible, then crucible is put in induction melting furnace, to induction melting stove evacuation, when vacuum reaches 3.0 in smelting furnace
×10-3Pa~3.0 × 10-2Begin to warm up after Pa, when faradic current is in below 20A, electric current per minute raises 2A；Work as electric current
During more than 20A, electric current per minute raises 1A；When electric current is raised to 28A, it is incubated, temperature retention time is 18min；Insulation terminates
Afterwards, start cooling, rate of temperature fall is controlled in 2A/min, until electric current is preferably minimized, close electric current.Then sample furnace cooling or
Person takes out water-cooled after sample, obtains CuZn alloys；
Step 2, fine aluminium is immersed in 5% sodium hydroxide solution carries out 30~60s of alkali cleaning, then uses alcohol washes；Will step
The rapid 1 CuZn alloys for preparing adopt alcohol washes；
Step 3, by the CuZn alloys and Al of pretreatment hot pressing grinding tool is positioned over together, then hot pressing die is put into into vacuum
In hot-pressed sintering furnace, to vacuum sintering funace evacuation, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10 in sintering furnace-3Pa~6.67 ×
10-220~40min of sintering is begun to warm up after Pa, heating-up temperature is incubated 20~90min to after 560~660 DEG C, gives in heating process
Hot pressing die 2~6Mpa of pressurization, after aluminum and CuZn alloys complete to spread molding, furnace cooling obtains high intensity Al-CuZn double
Conductive metal material.
The present invention is when Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials are prepared, and the addition of Zn elements, the lattice for changing fine copper is normal
Number, reduces fine copper and the solid diffusivity of the liquid of aluminum, suppresses CuAl2、Cu4Al9The generation of intermetallic compound, improves Al-CuZn
Bimetallic conductive material Interface Microstructure, realizes that Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials high-strength metallurgical is combined.
The preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material of the present invention, combination interface even tissue, while also having higher
Boundary strength, its interface shear strength reaches as high as more than 60Mpa, its preparation process is simple reliability, environmental protection.
Embodiment 1
Mass ratio is weighed for 1:37 H62 pyrite and T2 fine copper, H62 pyrite and fine copper block are put in graphite crucible, so
Crucible is put in induction melting furnace afterwards, to induction melting stove evacuation, when vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10 in smelting furnace-3After Pa
Begin to warm up, when faradic current is in below 20A, electric current per minute raises 2A；When electric current is more than 20A, electric current liter per minute
High 1A；When electric current is raised to 28A, it is incubated, temperature retention time is 18min；After insulation terminates, start cooling, rate of temperature fall control
System is in 2A/min, until electric current is preferably minimized, closes electric current.Then sample furnace cooling or take out sample after water-cooled, obtain
Zn contents are 1% CuZn alloys.
Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials are prepared, it is Φ 30mm × 20mm cylinders that fine aluminium is processed into into size, meanwhile,
Prepare CuZn alloy of the size for Φ 30mm × 30mm；
Fine aluminium is immersed in 5% sodium hydroxide solution carries out alkali cleaning 30s, then uses alcohol washes；Meanwhile, by what is prepared
CuZn alloys after alcohol washes using saving backup；
Fine aluminium, CuZn alloys are positioned in the hot pressing die in HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces, in order to
Prevent occurring oxide on interface, first stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing, when in vacuum hotpressing stove
Vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, 25min is heated, temperature is incubated 30min to after 600 DEG C, hot pressing die is given in heating process
Pressurization 3Mpa, after Al and CuZn alloys complete to spread molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain higher-strength Al-CuZn bimetallics
Material, interface shear strength is up to 53MPa, and interface is smooth, exists without other defect, has reached good connection.
Embodiment 2
Mass ratio is weighed for 1:24 H62 pyrite and fine copper block, H62 pyrite and fine copper block are put in graphite crucible, so
Crucible is put in induction melting furnace afterwards, to induction melting stove evacuation, when vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10 in smelting furnace-3After Pa
Begin to warm up, when faradic current is in below 20A, electric current per minute raises 2A；When electric current is more than 20A, electric current liter per minute
High 1A；When electric current is raised to 28A, it is incubated, temperature retention time is 18min；After insulation terminates, start cooling, rate of temperature fall control
System is in 2A/min, until electric current is preferably minimized, closes electric current.Then sample furnace cooling or take out sample after water-cooled, obtain
Zn contents are 1.5% CuZn alloys.
Al-CuZn1.5 bimetallic conductive materials are prepared, it is Φ 30mm × 20mm cylinders that fine aluminium is processed into into size, together
When, prepare CuZn1.5 alloy of the size for Φ 30mm × 30mm；
Fine aluminium is immersed in 5% sodium hydroxide solution carries out alkali cleaning 35s, then uses alcohol washes；Meanwhile, by what is prepared
CuZn1.5 alloys after alcohol washes using saving backup；
Fine aluminium, CuZn1.5 alloys are positioned in the hot pressing die in HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces, are
Prevent occurring oxide on interface, first stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing, work as vacuum hotpressing stove
Interior vacuum reaches 5.0 × 10-2After Pa, 20min is heated, temperature is incubated 35min to after 610 DEG C, hot-die is given in heating process
Tool pressurization 3.5Mpa, after Al and CuZn1.5 complete to spread molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity Al-CuZn1.5 double
Metal material, interface shear strength is up to 60MPa.
Embodiment 3
Mass ratio is weighed for 1:11 H62 pyrite and fine copper block, H62 pyrite and fine copper block are put in graphite crucible, so
Crucible is put in induction melting furnace afterwards, to induction melting stove evacuation, when vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10 in smelting furnace-3After Pa
Begin to warm up, when faradic current is in below 20A, electric current per minute raises 2A；When electric current is more than 20A, electric current liter per minute
High 1A；When electric current is raised to 28A, it is incubated, temperature retention time is 18min；After insulation terminates, start cooling, rate of temperature fall control
System is in 2A/min, until electric current is preferably minimized, closes electric current.Then sample furnace cooling or take out sample after water-cooled, obtain
Zn contents are 3% CuZn alloys.
Al-CuZn3 bimetallic conductive materials are prepared, it is Φ 30mm × 20mm cylinders that fine aluminium is processed into into size, meanwhile,
Prepare CuZn3 alloy of the size for Φ 30mm × 30mm；
Fine aluminium is immersed in 5% sodium hydroxide solution carries out alkali cleaning 30s, then uses alcohol washes；Meanwhile, by what is prepared
CuZn3 alloys after alcohol washes using saving backup；
Fine aluminium, CuZn3 alloys are positioned in the hot pressing die in HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces, in order to
Prevent occurring oxide on interface, first stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing, when in vacuum hotpressing stove
Vacuum reaches 4.0 × 10-2After Pa, 35min is heated, temperature is incubated 90min to after 560 DEG C, hot pressing die is given in heating process
Pressurization 2Mpa, after Al and CuZn3 complete to spread molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity Al-CuZn3 bimetallic material,
Interface shear strength is up to 65MPa, and interface is smooth, exists without other defect, has reached good connection.
Fig. 1 is the combination interface tissue of Al-CuZn3 bimetallics conductive material manufactured in the present embodiment, is pure on the left of Fig. 1
Aluminum (Al), right side is CuZn3 alloys, and middle layer structure is combined closely for interface transition layer with the fine aluminium and fine copper of both sides, and
Interface is smooth, exists without other defect, has reached excellent connection.
Embodiment 4
Mass ratio is weighed for 1:5 H62 pyrite and fine copper block, H62 pyrite and fine copper block are put in graphite crucible, then
Crucible is put in induction melting furnace, to induction melting stove evacuation, when vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10 in smelting furnace-3Open after Pa
Begin to heat, when faradic current is in below 20A, electric current per minute raises 2A；When electric current is more than 20A, electric current per minute is raised
1A；When electric current is raised to 28A, it is incubated, temperature retention time is 18min；After insulation terminates, start cooling, rate of temperature fall control
In 2A/min, until electric current is preferably minimized, electric current is closed.Then sample furnace cooling or take out sample after water-cooled, obtain Zn
Content is 6% CuZn alloys.
Al-CuZn6 bimetallic conductive materials are prepared, it is Φ 30mm × 20mm cylinders that fine aluminium is processed into into size, meanwhile,
Prepare CuZn6 alloy of the size for Φ 30mm × 30mm；
Fine aluminium is immersed in 5% sodium hydroxide solution carries out alkali cleaning 45s, then uses alcohol washes；Meanwhile, by what is prepared
CuZn6 alloys after alcohol washes using saving backup；
Fine aluminium, CuZn6 alloys are positioned in the hot pressing die in HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces, in order to
Prevent occurring oxide on interface, first stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing, when in vacuum hotpressing stove
Vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10-2After Pa, 40min is heated, temperature is incubated 60min to after 640 DEG C, hot pressing die is given in heating process
Pressurization 6Mpa, after Al and CuZn6 complete to spread molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity Al-CuZn6 bimetallic material,
Interface shear strength is up to 67MPa, and interface is smooth, exists without other defect, has reached good connection.
Embodiment 5
Mass ratio is weighed for 1:3 H62 pyrite and fine copper block, H62 pyrite and fine copper block are put in graphite crucible, then
Crucible is put in induction melting furnace, to induction melting stove evacuation, when vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10 in smelting furnace-2Open after Pa
Begin to heat, when faradic current is in below 20A, electric current per minute raises 2A；When electric current is more than 20A, electric current per minute is raised
1A；When electric current is raised to 28A, it is incubated, temperature retention time is 18min；After insulation terminates, start cooling, rate of temperature fall control
In 2A/min, until electric current is preferably minimized, electric current is closed.Then sample furnace cooling or take out sample after water-cooled, obtain Zn
Content is 9% CuZn alloys.
Al-CuZn9 bimetallic conductive materials are prepared, it is Φ 30mm × 20mm cylinders that fine aluminium is processed into into size, meanwhile,
Prepare CuZn9 alloy of the size for Φ 30mm × 30mm；
Fine aluminium is immersed in 5% sodium hydroxide solution carries out alkali cleaning 50s, then uses alcohol washes；Meanwhile, by what is prepared
CuZn9 alloys after alcohol washes using saving backup；
Fine aluminium, CuZn9 alloys are positioned in the hot pressing die in HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces, in order to
Prevent occurring oxide on interface, first stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type fine vacuum high temperature hot pressing, when in vacuum hotpressing stove
Vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-3After Pa, 30min is heated, temperature is incubated 20min to after 660 DEG C, hot pressing die is given in heating process
Pressurization 5Mpa, after Al-CuZn9 completes to spread molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity Al-CuZn9 bimetallic material,
Interface shear strength is up to 70MPa, and interface is smooth, exists without other defect, has reached good connection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material, it is characterised in that prepare CuZn initially with induction melting
Alloy, then to aluminium block and CuZn alloys carries out pretreatment respectively, finally together puts pretreated aluminium block and CuZn alloys
Being placed in hot pressing grinding tool carries out vacuum heating-press sintering, obtains Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials.
2. the preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that CuZn alloys
Preparation：By H62 pyrite and fine copper block, CuZn alloys, the wherein mass ratio of H62 pyrite and fine copper block are obtained by induction melting
For 1：3~37.
3. the preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium block is located in advance
Reason：Fine aluminium block is immersed in into concentration to carry out 30~60s of alkali cleaning in 5% sodium hydroxide solution, then uses alcohol washes.
4. the preparation method of Al-CuZn bimetallics conductive material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that CuZn alloys
Pretreatment：CuZn alloys are adopted into alcohol washes.
5. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that true
The detailed process of empty hot pressed sintering is：The CuZn alloys and Al of pretreatment are positioned over into together hot pressing grinding tool, then by hot-die
Tool is put in vacuum sintering funace, to vacuum sintering funace evacuation, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10 in sintering furnace-3Pa
~6.67 × 10-220~40min of sintering is begun to warm up after Pa, heating-up temperature is incubated 20~90min to after 560~660 DEG C, heated
During give hot pressing die pressurization 2-6Mpa, after aluminum and CuZn alloys complete spread molding after, furnace cooling, obtain high intensity
Al-CuZn bimetallic conductive materials.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107649831A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-02-02 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of al cu bimetal materials conductive head |
| CN113878117A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 江西理工大学 | Method for controlling growth orientation of metal solid phase reaction tissue by using electric field assistance |
| CN116240484A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-06-09 | 江苏鑫华能环保工程股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-copper composite welding material |
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| CN106077937A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-09 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of al cu bimetal composite |
| CN106099086A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-11-09 | 华南理工大学 | Micro-nano Porous Cu zinc-aluminum shape memory alloy composite and preparation method and application |
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| CN104561866A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-04-29 | 九江学院 | Equal channel angular twist extrusion preparation process for porous copper-based shape memory alloy |
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| CN107649831A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-02-02 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of al cu bimetal materials conductive head |
| CN113878117A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 江西理工大学 | Method for controlling growth orientation of metal solid phase reaction tissue by using electric field assistance |
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