CN106673125A - Oily water vacuum separation device - Google Patents
Oily water vacuum separation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106673125A CN106673125A CN201611047487.4A CN201611047487A CN106673125A CN 106673125 A CN106673125 A CN 106673125A CN 201611047487 A CN201611047487 A CN 201611047487A CN 106673125 A CN106673125 A CN 106673125A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- water
- separator
- sump oil
- sump
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0217—Separation of non-miscible liquids by centrifugal force
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
Abstract
The invention discloses an oily water vacuum separation device. The oily water vacuum separation device comprises an oil-water separator, a dirty oil separator, a vacuum pump and a control device, wherein a water outlet for outputting sewage is positioned in the lower part of the oil-water separator and is communicated with an input port of a water pump, and an oil outlet for discharging dirty oil is positioned in the upper part of the oil-water separator and is communicated with a dirty oil input port of the dirty oil separator; a filtering element and a heater for heating to-be-separated oily water are arranged in the oil-water separator; a first extraction opening is formed in the top of the oil-water separator; a second extraction opening is formed in the top of the dirty oil separator; and the first extraction opening and the second extraction opening are communicated with an input port of the vacuum pump respectively. The oily water vacuum separation device provided by the invention separates the to-be-separated oily water and dirty oil under the vacuum condition and has a good separation effect, the oil content of the separated sewage is reduced, the water content of the separated dirty oil is reduced, disturbance and emulsification of the water pump on the oily water are reduced, and the service life of the water pump can be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
Row is arranged at the present invention relates to a kind of sump oil water separation device, more particularly to a kind of suction pump suitable for naval vessel
Water end (W.E.), the sump oil water separation device using vacuum separation, belong to field of sewage treatment equipment.
Background technology
Can produce the sewage of substantial amounts of oil-containing during ship navigation, sewage be thrown into after being processed through oily water separating equipment river course or
Sea.Standard requirement more and more higher of the International Maritime Organization to the naval vessel sewage to ocean disposal, it is desirable to the sewage after processed
Oil content will be less than 15ppm, therefore, naval vessel is updated to oily water separating equipment, but is still present in use
Many deficiencies:On the one hand, oily water separating equipment carries out water-oil separating to sump oil water to be separated at ambient pressure, and separating effect is not
It is good, often result in discharge water not up to standard;On the other hand, the water content in the sump oil that oily water separating equipment is isolated is too high,
Bigger sludge collecting tank stores sump oil, and water content is too high also causes that the recycle value of sump oil is lowered.Therefore, exploitation is needed badly
A kind of sump oil water vacuum separation unit, the water pump of separator is arranged at the discharge outlet end of oil water separator, and uses vacuum
The sump oil water of separation and with vacuum separation sump oil.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to problems of the prior art, there is provided a kind of sump oil water vacuum separation unit, should
The water pump of separator is arranged at the discharge outlet end of oil water separator, using vacuum separation sump oil water, to improve sump oil water
Separating effect, reduces the content of oil in effluent sewerage, and uses vacuum separation sump oil, reduces the content of sump oil reclaimed water.
The technical scheme is that provide a kind of vegetable hydroponic control system, its designing points is, including:
A kind of sump oil water vacuum separation unit, its designing points is:The separator include oil water separator 100,
Sump oil separator 200, vavuum pump 300 and control device, the bottom of the oil water separator 100 are provided with for discharging discharge water
Delivery port 106, top be provided with for be input into sump oil water to be separated and discharge sump oil oil-out 105, oil water separator 100
Delivery port 106 is connected with the input port of water pump 111;The oil-out 105 of the oil water separator 100 and sump oil separator 200
Sump oil input port 202 connects;The oil water separator 100 is built-in with filtration core for separating sump oil water and for to be separated
The heater 108 that sump oil water is heated;The sump oil separator 200 is used to enter the sump oil that oil water separator 100 is isolated
Row vacuum separation and vacuum drying treatment;The top of the oil water separator 100 is provided with the 1st bleeding point 113, sump oil separator
200 top is provided with the 2nd bleeding point 205, and the 1st bleeding point 113, the 2nd bleeding point 205 are defeated with vavuum pump 300 respectively
Entrance is connected.
The present invention in the application, also preferred technical scheme further below.
Used as preferentially, the oil water separator 100 is closed including what is be made up of bottom, cylindrical side wall and top end cover
1st filter core 102 of housing 101, tubular, the isolating cylinder 116 and dividing plate 104 of spiral board 115, tubular;The oil-out 105 is set
Put on the top end cover of housing 101, the fuel-displaced portion 105B of the drainage that housing 101 is built-in with oil-out 105 is connected;The dividing plate
104 housing 101 is separated into the upper separation chamber and lower separation chamber being connected;The upright arrangement of 1st filter core 102, is assemblied in point
From room;The spiral board 115 is arranged on housing 101 on the inwall of upper separation chamber, spiral board 115 and housing 101 it is interior
Wall is posted and fixed, and spiral board 115 extends along cylindrical helix direction;The isolating cylinder 116 is coaxially assemblied in the 1st filter core
102 outside, the top ends of isolating cylinder 116 are higher than the 1st filter core 102 and the top ends of spiral board 115;The fuel-displaced portion of drainage
The output oral area of 105B, the first check valve, one end of at least one pipeline are sequentially communicated, and the other end of the pipeline is located at spiral board
On 115;The input oral area of the fuel-displaced portion 105B of drainage is connected through the second check valve with upper separation chamber, for discharging sump oil.
Used as preferentially, the oil water separator 100 also includes the 2nd filter core 103, oil level detection meter 107, the heating of tubular
Device 108, temperature sensor 109, the 1st vacuum meter 110 and water pump 111, the 2nd filter core 103 are arranged at the bottom of housing 101, position
In in lower separation chamber;The delivery port 106 is arranged on the lower sidewall of housing 101, and oil-out 105 is arranged on housing 101
Top end cover on;The oil level detection meter 107, the vacuum meter 110 of temperature sensor 109 and the 1st are assemblied in housing 101 respectively
Top end cover;The heater 108 includes the He of the 1st heater 1081 that 107 regions are heated based on to oil level detection
For the 2nd heater 1082 heated to sump oil water to be separated;2nd heater 1082 is assemblied in the upper of housing 101
In separation chamber, between isolating cylinder 116 and housing 101;The oil-out 105 is connected with sump oil separator 200, delivery port
106 connect with the input port of water pump 111;1st bleeding point 113 is arranged at the top ends of housing 101.
As preferentially, the oil water separator 100 also include the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1, the 2nd three-way solenoid valve DT2 and
3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3, the dirt of the oil-out 105, two connectors of the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1 and sump oil separator 200
Oily input port 202 is sequentially communicated, and another connector of the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1 is used to be input into sump oil water to be separated;It is described go out
The mouth of a river 106, two connectors of the 2nd three-way solenoid valve DT2, water pump 111, the 1st connector of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3 connect successively
Logical, another connector of the 2nd three-way solenoid valve DT2 is used to being input into anti-rinse water, the 2nd connector of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3 and
Delivery port 106 is connected;Another connector of 3rd connector and the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1 of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3 connects
It is logical.
Used as preferentially, the oil water separator 100 also includes the 1st liquid level sensor 114, is assemblied in oil water separator
On 100 top end cover, the height of liquid level in oil water separator 100 is adapted to detect for;The 1st liquid level sensor that control device will be obtained
The liquid level of 114 oil water separators 100 for being detected and the preset value of the 1st liquid level are compared, when the 1st level sensing
When the liquid level that device 114 is detected reaches the preset value of the 1st liquid level, stop treating point to being conveyed in oil water separator 100
From sump oil water.
As preferentially, another company for being input into the connector of sump oil water to be separated of the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1
Filter 112 is assembled on siphunculus road.
Used as preferentially, the helix tube that the 1st heater 1081 is in the form of a column is assemblied in the upper of oil water separator 100
In separation chamber, the detection probe of the oil level detection meter 107 is located in the helix tube.
Used as preferentially, the sump oil separator 200 includes sump oil separator body 201, oil level detecting device the 209, the 2nd
Vacuum meter 206, the top of the sump oil separator body 201 is provided with the 2nd bleeding point 205, the lower end of sump oil separator body 201
Portion is provided with the oil discharge outlet 203 for being connected with collecting tank and the discharge outlet 204 for being connected with bilge water tank;2nd bleeding point 205
Input port with vavuum pump 300 passes through pipeline connection, and the oil level detecting device 209 is adapted to detect for oil water surface, is assembled
In the top or bottom of separator body 201, the 2nd vacuum meter 206 is assemblied in the top end cover of separator body 201;The oil
Level detecting apparatus 209, the 2nd vacuum meter 206, vavuum pump 300 are electrically connected with control device respectively.
Used as preferentially, the sump oil separator 200 also includes the 2nd liquid level sensor 207, is adapted to detect for sump oil separator
The height of liquid level in 200, is assemblied in the top end cover of separator body 201;The 2nd liquid level sensor that control device will be obtained
The liquid level of the 207 sump oil separators 200 for being detected and the preset value of the 2nd liquid level are compared, when the 2nd level sensing
When the liquid level that device 207 is detected reaches the preset value of the 2nd liquid level, stop conveying sump oil to sump oil separator 200.
Used as preferentially, the water pump 111 is plunger displacement pump.
Sump oil water vacuum separation unit of the invention includes oil water separator, sump oil separator, vavuum pump and control dress
Put.The delivery port for effluent sewerage that the oil water separator bottom is provided with is connected with the input port of water pump, is aspirated by water pump
The separate sewage of discharge, the top of oil water separator be provided with oil-out for being input into sump oil water to be separated and discharge sump oil and
The sump oil input port connection of sump oil separator;The oil water separator is built-in with filtration core for separating sump oil water and for right
The heater that sump oil water to be separated is heated;The sump oil separator is used to do secondary to the sump oil that oil water separator is isolated
Separate.The 1st bleeding point is provided with the top of the oil water separator, the 2nd bleeding point, described are provided with the top of sump oil separator
1 bleeding point, the 2nd bleeding point are connected with the input port of vavuum pump respectively.Water pump is arranged at the water outlet of oil water separator, water
Pump directly aspirates the sewage separated through oil water separator, oil water separator inside it is separated go out sewage be discharged, pressure
Diminish, be negative pressure, sump oil water to be separated is inhaled into oil water separator by oil-out, disturbance of the water pump to sump oil water is small,
The emulsification of sump oil is small in water, improves the separating effect of sump oil water;Impurity in the sewage of water pump suction simultaneously is filtered out, and has
The service life of profit extension water pump, reduces maintenance cost.By setting vavuum pump, vavuum pump through different valves respectively and profit
Separator, the connection of sump oil separator, for being vacuumized to oil water separator and sump oil separator, make the separation of sump oil water, sump oil
Process is carried out under a high vacuum, improves the separating effect of sump oil in sump oil water, further reduces the content of sump oil in discharge water, with
And improve sump oil separating effect again, further reduce it is separated go out sump oil reclaimed water content, increase sump oil exploitation value
Value.Further, the housing 101 of the oil water separator 100 is built-in with spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116.The spiral board
115 are arranged in the upper separation chamber of housing 101, and the inwall of spiral board 115 and housing 101 is posted and fixed, the edge of spiral board 115
Columned hand of helix is extended downwardly;The isolating cylinder 116 is coaxially assemblied in the outside of the 1st filter core 102.Pending dirt
Profit by the inwall lateral incision of pipeline to housing 101 to outflow, in the common of housing 101, spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116
Under effect, pending sump oil water rotates along spiral board 115, sump oil water in the counterclockwise direction or be rotated clockwise flowing,
So that the sump oil drop in pending sump oil water tends to forming sump oil area to assembling at isolating cylinder 116, sewage tends to housing 101
Assemble contraminated zone in inwall side;Lighter sump oil area flows up along the outer wall of isolating cylinder 116, and heavier contraminated zone is along housing 101
Inwall flows downward, and bottom through isolating cylinder 116 flows to the 1st filter core 102;Then flow to the oil content of the sump oil water of filtration core
It is lower, the filtering load of filtration core is reduced, the filter effect and filter effect of filtration core are improved, favourable raising separator
Separating effect and efficiency.
Beneficial effect
Vacuum separation sump oil water, improves sump oil water separating effect, in the oil content and discharge sump oil in reduction effluent sewerage
Water content, reduce disturbance emulsification of the water pump to sump oil water, and extension water pump service life.By setting vavuum pump,
Oil water separator and sump oil separator are vacuumized in oil water separation process, sump oil water, sump oil is separated under vacuum,
Separating effect of the oil water separator to sump oil water is improved, the content of the sump oil in discharge water is reduced, and improves the separation of sump oil water
Efficiency, and reduce water content in sump oil.By water pump being arranged at the water outlet of oil water separator, water pump is directly aspirated through oil
The sewage that separator is separated, oil water separator inside it is separated go out sewage be discharged, pressure diminishes, and is negative pressure, treats
The sump oil water of separation is inhaled into oil water separator by the oil-out on oil water separator top, and water pump is disturbed to sump oil water
Dynamic small, the emulsification of sump oil is greatly diminished in sump oil water, improves separating effect of the oil water separator to sump oil water;While water
In the sewage of pumping without solid impurity, the service life of favourable extension water pump reduces maintenance cost.
Reduction flows to the oil content of the sump oil water of filtration core, reduces the filtering load of filtration core, improves the filtering of filtration core
Effect and filter effect.The housing 101 of the oil water separator 100 is built-in with spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116.The eddy flow
Plate 115 is arranged on the top of housing 101, and the inwall of spiral board 115 and housing 101 is posted and fixed, and spiral board 115 is along spiral
Line direction extends downwardly;The isolating cylinder 116 is coaxially assemblied in the outside of the 1st filter core 102.Pending sump oil water is defeated by pipeline
The inwall lateral incision of housing 101 is sent to outflow, it is pending under the collective effect of housing 101, spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116
Sump oil water rotated along spiral board 115, sump oil water in the counterclockwise direction or be rotated clockwise flowing so that pending sump oil
Sump oil drop in water tends to forming sump oil area to assembling at isolating cylinder 116, and sewage tends to assembling sewage to the inwall side of housing 101
Area;Lighter sump oil area flows up along the outer wall of isolating cylinder 116, and heavier contraminated zone flows downward along the inwall of housing 101, and
The 1st filter core 102 is flowed to through the bottom of isolating cylinder 116;The oil content for then flowing to the sump oil water of filtration core is lower, reduces filtering
The filtering load of core, improves the filter effect and filter effect of filtration core, the favourable separating effect and efficiency for improving separator.
Brief description of the drawings
The theory diagram of Fig. 1 sump oil water vacuum separation units of the invention.
The structural representation of Fig. 2 oil water separators.
The structural representation of Fig. 3 sump oil separators.
In figure, 100- oil water separators, 101- housings, the filter cores of 102- the 1st, the filter cores of 103- the 2nd, 104- dividing plates, 105- goes out
Hydraulic fluid port, 106- delivery ports, 107- oil level detection meters, 108- heaters, the heaters of 1081- the 1st, the heaters of 1082- the 2nd, 109-
Temperature sensor, the vacuum meters of 110- the 1st, 111- water pumps, 112- filters, the bleeding points of 113- the 1st, the liquid level sensors of 114- the 1st,
115- spiral boards, 116- isolating cylinders, 200- sump oil separators, 201- sump oil separator bodies, the bleeding points of 205- the 2nd, 206- the 2nd
Vacuum meter, the liquid level sensors of 207- the 2nd, 209- oil level detecting devices.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate technical scheme and technical purpose, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is to the present invention
It is described further.
A kind of sump oil water vacuum separation unit of the invention, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the separator includes water-oil separating
Device 100, sump oil separator 200, really dash forward pump 300, collecting tank 400 and bilge water tank 500 (can be substituted by collection water tank) and control dress
Put.The top of the oil water separator 100 is provided with the 1st bleeding point 113, and the top of sump oil separator 200 is provided with the 2nd bleeding point
205, the 1st bleeding point 113, input port of the 2nd bleeding point 205 respectively with vavuum pump 300 connect.The oil water separator
100 bottom be provided with for discharge separate sewage delivery port 106, top be provided with for discharge separate sump oil and for defeated
Enter the oil-out 105 of sump oil water to be separated, the delivery port 106 of oil water separator 100 is connected with the input port of water pump 111, by water
Pump 111 discharges separated sewage out.That is, the oil-out 105 of oil water separator 100 i.e. be used for discharge it is separated go out
Sump oil, while being also used for input sump oil water to be separated.The oil-out 105 of oil water separator 100 and sump oil separator 200
Sump oil input port 202 connects.The oil water separator 100 is built-in with the filtration core for separating sump oil water, and filtration core includes the 1st
The filtration core 103 of filtration core 102 and the 2nd.The sewage that oil water separator 100 is isolated is through delivery port 106 by the row of suction of water pump 111
Go out, the sump oil that oil water separator 100 is isolated is transported to sump oil separator 200 through oil-out 105.The sump oil separator
200 are used to carry out the sump oil that oil water separator 100 is isolated secondary separation treatment, reduce the water content in separate sump oil,
The application value of separated sump oil out is improved, and reduces the memory space shared by sump oil.The sump oil separator 200
The oil discharge outlet 203 on top is connected with collecting tank 400, the discharge outlet 204 of bottom be used for bilge water tank 500 discharge it is separated out
Sewage.
Wherein, the oil water separator 100, as shown in Fig. 2 including housing 101, the 1st filter core 102, the 2nd filter core 103, every
Plate 104, oil level detection meter 107, heater 108, temperature sensor 109, the 1st vacuum meter 110, water pump 111, spiral board 115, every
From cylinder 116, the 1st liquid level sensor 114, the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1, the 2nd three-way solenoid valve DT2 and the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3.
The water pump 111 uses plunger displacement pump, to reduce emulsification of the water pump to sump oil in sewage, improves the separating effect of sump oil water.
The housing 101 is that cylindrical airtight cavity is made up of bottom wall, side wall and top end cover, and the top end cover is in raise up
Arch.1st filter core 102, the 2nd filter core 103 are cylindrical shape, and center is provided with through hole in the axial direction.The dividing plate
104 middle part is provided with the through hole being adapted with the through hole of filter core.Two-layer dividing plate 104 is horizontally disposed, is fixed in housing 101
Portion, the separation chamber of upper, middle and lower three is divided into by housing 101, and middle separation chamber is somebody's turn to do for assembling separated sump oil, and being provided with to be located at
The oil discharge outlet (being not drawn into figure) of middle separation chamber.1st filter core 102 and the 2nd filter core 103 are cylindrical, are assemblied in housing 101
Inside.1st filter core 102 is arranged in the upper separation chamber of housing 101, positioned at the top of dividing plate 104;Under 1st filter core 102
End face and dividing plate 104 fit;2nd filter core 103 is arranged in the lower separation chamber of housing 101, positioned at the lower section of dividing plate 104;
The upper surface of the 2nd filter core 103 and the lower surface of dividing plate 104 fit.The bottom of housing 101 is equipped with for effluent sewerage
Delivery port 106, oil-out 105 is equipped with the domed top end cover of housing 101, and the oil-out 105 is also for defeated simultaneously
Enter the input port of sump oil water to be separated.The spiral board 115 is arranged in housing 101, positioned at upper separation chamber.Spiral board 115
Inwall with housing 101 is posted and fixed, and spiral board 115 is extended downwardly from the top of upper separation chamber along hand of helix;Spiral shell
The direction of spin line rotation is in the counterclockwise direction, it would however also be possible to employ clockwise.Relative to the inwall of housing 101, spiral board 115
Height be gradually reduced from the top down, namely spiral board 115 height from the top down from coil to coil reduce.The isolating cylinder 116 is coaxial
The outside of the 1st filter core 102 is assemblied in, for sump oil current to be filtered between the filter core 102 of isolating cylinder 116 and the 1st separately
It is logical.Pending sump oil water is transported to shunting by the oil discharge outlet 105 of pipeline to housing 101 through oil discharge outlet 105 and pipeline
Fuel-displaced portion 105B, the blocking of the second check valve, the connection of the first check valve, pending sump oil that portion 105B fuel-displaced with shunting is connected
Water is tangentially flowed out through the first check valve, pipeline by the inwall side of housing 101, in housing 101, spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116
Collective effect under, pending sump oil water rotates along spiral board 115, and sump oil water in the counterclockwise direction or is rotated clockwise
Flowing.Because oil is different with the density of water, produced centripetal force is differed so that the sump oil drop in pending sump oil water tends to
Sump oil area is formed to assembling at isolating cylinder 116, sewage tends to assembling contraminated zone to the inwall side of housing 101;Lighter sump oil area
Flowed up along the outer wall of isolating cylinder 116, heavier contraminated zone flows downward along the inwall of housing 101, and through under isolating cylinder 116
End flows to the 1st filter core 102;The oil content for then flowing to the sump oil water of filtration core is lower, reduces the filter efficiency of filtration core, carries
Exceed the filter effect and filter effect of filter core, the favourable separating effect and efficiency for improving separator.The oil level detection meter
107th, temperature sensor 109, the 1st liquid level sensor 114 and the 1st vacuum meter 110 are assemblied in the top end cover of housing 101 respectively
On.It is equipped with the 1st bleeding point 113 on the top end cover of housing 101, the 1st bleeding point 113 is by pipeline and vavuum pump 300
Input port is connected, and the 1st pumping electromagnetism is set on the pipeline that the 1st bleeding point 113 is connected with the input port of vavuum pump 300
Valve DP1, opens the 1st and is evacuated magnetic valve DP1, for controlling to vacuumize oil water separator 100, maintains it higher
Under vacuum state, such as vacuum reaches hundreds of-thousands of Pa, such as 2.5KPa, so that profit has more preferably separating effect.
The heater 108 includes the 1st heater 1081 and the 2nd heater 1082.1st heater 1081 is used for oil level
107 regions of detection meter are heated, and the helix that the 1st heater 1081 is in the form of a column is assemblied in the top of oil water separator 100,
Positioned at the outside of the detection head of oil level detection meter 107, the heater 1081 of zigzag shape is wrapped in the detection spy of oil level detection meter 107
Head, the i.e. detection probe of oil level detection meter 107 are located in the heater 1081 of zigzag shape.The mesh of the 1st heater 1081 is set
Be mainly used in reduce the viscous collection sump oil of oil level detection meter 107, oil level detection in 107 pairs in terms of ensuring oil level detection housings 101
The degree of accuracy and sensitivity.2nd heater 1082 is assemblied in the top of housing 101, positioned at the 1st filter core 102 and housing 101 it
Between, the sump oil water for heating the treatment to be separated being input into reduces the viscosity of sump oil water, improves what sump oil water was isolated by filtration
Effect.The oil-out 105 is connected with sump oil separator 200, and delivery port 106 is connected with the input port of water pump 111.The oil level
Detection counts 107, temperature sensor 109, the 1st vacuum meter 110, the 1st liquid level sensor 114, heater 108 respectively and control device
Electrical connection.
The oil-out 105 of the oil water separator 100, two connectors of the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1, the 2nd magnetic valve D2 and
The oil inlet 202 of sump oil separator 200 is sequentially communicated, and constitutes drain line;1st another connectors of three-way solenoid valve DT1 and dirt
The sewage delivery outlet connection of profit storage box, constitutes the intake line of sump oil water to be separated.In the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1
Filter 112 is set on the pipeline that another connector is connected with the sewage delivery outlet of sump oil water storage box, for to be separated
Sump oil water carries out filtration treatment, such as filters solid impurity therein.The delivery port 106 of the oil water separator 100, the 2nd electromagnetism
Two connectors of triple valve DT2, water pump 111, two connectors of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3, the 3rd magnetic valve D3 are sequentially communicated, structure
Into discharge pipe line.Another connector of the 2nd three-way solenoid valve DT2 is connected with the storage bin of anti-rinse water, the 3rd electromagnetism three
Another connector of port valve DT3 is connected with delivery port 106, counter-flushing pipeline is constituted, for being conveyed instead to oil water separator 100
Rinse water, is backwashed to oil water separator 100, it is to avoid filter core is blocked, and regenerates filter core.The use of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3
In another connector connection of the connector and the 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1 of draining, the 4th magnetic valve D4 is set on the pipeline of the connection
With sampling valve V2, the separate lines again that separating treatment again is carried out to discharge water are constituted, for sampling to be examined into underproof point
Oil water separator 100 is input to from sewage, separating treatment again is carried out.Sampling valve V2 is arranged at the of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3
Between 3 connectors and the 4th magnetic valve D4;Sampling valve V2 is used to be sampled detection to the discharge water of oil water separator 100, works as oil
When the oil content of the discharge water of separator 100 is not higher up to standard, for carrying out water-oil separating treatment again to discharge water;Work as row
When the oil content of water outlet is up to standard, discharged by the 3rd magnetic valve D3.Control device obtains what the 1st liquid level sensor 114 was detected
The height of liquid level in oil water separator 100, and by the liquid level that is detected of the 1st liquid level sensor 114 for obtaining and the 1st liquid level
The preset value of height is compared, and when the liquid level for being detected reaches the preset value of the 1st liquid level, control device sends
Operation signal, stops to sump oil water to be separated is conveyed in oil water separator 100, to avoid the oil slick in oil water separator 100
Aspirated by vavuum pump 300, the normal of influence pump is used.
The operation principle of oil water separator 100:The water sample of the sewage separated is obtained from sampling valve V2, it is contained
The detection of oil mass.When the oil content for separating sewage reaches discharge standard, such as oil content is less than 15ppm, control device hair
Go out operation signal and open the 1st magnetic valve D1 and the 3rd magnetic valve D3, now delivery port 106 is through the outwards discharge water-oil separating of water pump 111
The separated sewage out of device 100, it is interior because the sewage in oil water separator 100 is discharged or/and vavuum pump 300 is vacuumized
Portion's pressure is changed into negative pressure, and the sump oil water in sump oil water storage box is inhaled into by pipeline, and sump oil water flows into profit through oil-out 105
In separator 100;Flow out by the inwall side of pipeline to housing 101 and tangentially, housing 101, spiral board 115 and every
Under the collective effect of cylinder 116, pending sump oil water rotates along spiral board 115, and sump oil water is in the counterclockwise direction or clockwise
Direction rotational flow so that the sump oil drop in pending sump oil water tends to forming sump oil area to assembling at isolating cylinder 116, and sewage becomes
In the inwall side aggregation contraminated zone to housing 101;Lighter sump oil area flows up along the outer wall of isolating cylinder 116, heavier sewage
Area flows downward along the inwall of housing 101, and bottom through isolating cylinder 116 inwardly flows to the 1st filter core 102;Then flow direction filtering
The oil content of the sump oil water of core is lower, reduces the filtering load of filtration core, improves the filter effect and filter effect of filtration core.
This flows to the sump oil water of the 1st filtration core from the outside of the 1st filter core 102 radially to the internal flow of the 1st filter core 102, larger
Sump oil drop is adsorbed by the 1st filter core 102, and is gathered into the headroom that larger oil droplet floats to oil water separator 100, less sump oil
Drop is still mixed in sewage, is flowed into inside the people of the 1st filter core 102;The sump oil through filtration treatment of the center of the 1st filter core 102 outflow
Water is flowed into the center of the 2nd filter core 103, and from the 2nd filter core 103 radially inside to the flows outside of the 2nd filter core 103,
And the space between the 2nd filter core 103 and housing 101 is come together in, and the sewage after separated treatment is formed, the sewage passes through delivery port
106 outwards discharge through pipeline.When the oil content for separating sewage is not reaching to discharge standard, separated sewage out will
Being sent to oil water separator 100 again carries out water-oil separating treatment, and now, control device sends operation signal, closes the 1st magnetic valve
D1 and the 3rd magnetic valve D3, the pumping magnetic valve DP1 of the 4th magnetic valve D4 of unlatching and the 1st, from delivery port 106 in oil water separator 100
The sewage of discharge is transported to oil-out 105, is flowed into oil water separator 100 by oil-out 105, carries out profit point again
From;Start vavuum pump 300 simultaneously to be evacuated, oil water separator 100 is kept vacuum higher, such as vacuum reach hundreds of-
4KPa, such as 2K handkerchiefs, separating effect are very good.Oil water separator 100 carry out sump oil water separate when, when the institute of temperature sensor 109
When the temperature of the sump oil water of measurement is less than design temperature, control device sends operation signal startup heater 108 and sump oil water is entered
Row heating, to reduce the viscosity of sump oil water, accelerates sump oil to gather, and improves separating effect, reduces disengaging time;Oil level is examined simultaneously
Survey 107 regions of meter individually to be heated, collection sump oil is glued in terms of reducing oil level detection 107, it is ensured that oil level detection meter 107 is to oil level
The degree of accuracy and sensitivity of detection.When the detection signal of oil level detection meter 107 is shown as oil extraction signal, control device sends behaviour
The 1st three-way solenoid valve DT1 is set to obtain electric and open the 2nd magnetic valve D2 as signal, the sump oil separated is discharged into sump oil separation
Device 200.When needing to carry out cleaning treatment to oil water separator 100, control device sends operation signal makes the 2nd three-way solenoid valve
DT2 and the 3rd three-way solenoid valve DT3 obtain electric, and anti-rinse water is sucked by water pump 111, and are pumped into the delivery port of oil water separator 100
106, rinse water is injected into oil water separator 100 through delivery port 106, and anti-cleaning treatment is carried out to oil water separator 100, is kept away
Exempt from filter core blocking, so that oily-water seperating equipment keeps more preferably separating effect and separative efficiency.
Wherein, the sump oil separator 200 include separator body 201, oil level detecting device 209, the 2nd vacuum meter 206,
With the 2nd liquid level sensor 207.The separator body 201 is to be made up of bottom cover, side wall and top end cover in cylinder
Empty airtight cavity, the top end cover is the arch for raising up.It is equipped with the top of the top end cover of the separator body 201
2nd bleeding point 205, the bottom of separator body 201 be provided with oil discharge outlet 203 for being connected with collecting tank and for and the bilge
The discharge outlet 204 of water tank connection.The oil discharge outlet 203 of separator body 201 is connected through the 5th magnetic valve D5 with collecting tank, for inciting somebody to action
The separate sump oil that dries is transported to collecting tank storage;The discharge outlet 204 of separator body 201 is through the 6th magnetic valve D6 and bilge-water
Cabin connects, and bilge water tank is transported to for sump oil to be separated into the sump oil water for producing, with temporary.The input port of vavuum pump 300 and the 2nd
Bleeding point 205 is provided for by pipeline connection on the pipeline that the input port of vavuum pump 300 is connected with the 2nd bleeding point 205
The 2nd pumping magnetic valve DP2 connected with blocking is connected, for being vacuumized to sump oil separator 200.The oil level detecting device
209 include the 1st detection detection control pins of control pin X1 and the 2nd X2.Oil level detecting device 209 is assemblied in the side wall of separator body 201
On, positioned at side wall top (bottom of side wall can also be arranged on, to sump oil dried process example in), the 1st detection control X1, pin
In the surface of the 2nd detection control pin X2.2nd liquid level sensor 207, the 2nd vacuum meter 206 are assemblied in separator sheet respectively
On the top end cover of body 201.The top of the separator body 201 is provided with oil discharge outlet 205, and bottom is provided with discharge outlet 204.The row
Hydraulic fluid port 205 is connected with collecting tank 400, and the 5th magnetic valve D5 is assembled on the pipeline that oil discharge outlet 205 is connected with collecting tank 400;Row
The mouth of a river 204 is connected with bilge water tank (collection water tank), there is the pipeline that the discharge outlet 204 is connected with bilge water tank (collection water tank)
The 6th magnetic valve D6 of upper assembling.The oil level detecting device 209, vacuum meter 206 and vavuum pump 300 are electrically connected with control device respectively
Connect.2nd liquid level sensor 207 can use floating ball type liquid level sensor, the height for detecting liquid level in sump oil separator 200
Degree.Control device obtains the height of liquid level in the sump oil separator 200 that the 2nd liquid level sensor 207 is detected, and the liquid that will be obtained
The liquid level and the preset value of the 2nd liquid level that level sensor 207 is detected are compared, when the liquid level for being detected reaches
To the 2nd liquid level preset value when, control device sends operation signal, closes the 2nd magnetic valve D2, stops to sump oil separator
The sump oil that 200 conveyings are separate, to avoid the oil slick in sump oil separator 200 from being aspirated by vavuum pump 300, the normal of influence pump makes
With.In addition, set oil mist filter between the 2nd pumping magnetic valve DP2 and the 1st bleeding point 205, oil mist filter is assemblied in the
On 1 bleeding point 205, to reduce the oil that the pumping of vavuum pump 300 is carried.
The operation principle of sump oil separator 200 is:Control device sends operation signal, open the 2nd be evacuated magnetic valve DP2,
Start vavuum pump 300, vavuum pump 300 is vacuumized to the separator body 201 of sump oil separator 200, and internal pressure diminishes, and is negative
Pressure;Send again operation signal for open the 2nd magnetic valve D2, oil water separator 100 is separated sump oil suction sump oil divide
In device 200, under vacuum conditions, the profit in sump oil is separated, the detection letter according to dual control pin type liquid level sensor 207
Number, when the detection signal of the 1st detection control pin X1 is sewage signal, control device sends operation signal and opens the 6th magnetic valve D6,
To bilge water tank (collection water tank) 500 sewers, until the detection signal of the 2nd detection control pin X2 is sump oil signal;When the 1st detection control
When the detection signal of the detection control pins of pin X1 and the 2nd X2 shows that pasta is between the 1st detection detection control pins of control pin X1 and the 2nd X2,
Control device sends operation signal and opens the 15th magnetic valve D5, and sump oil is discharged to collecting tank 400, until the 1st detection control pin X1's
Detection signal is sewage signal.The height of liquid level reaches setting in the sump oil separator 200 that 2nd liquid level sensor 207 is detected
During height value, control device sends operation signal and closes the 2nd magnetic valve D2, stops treating to divide again to the conveying of sump oil separator 200
From sump oil;Vavuum pump 300 continues to vacuumize, and keeps vacuum higher, and the vacuum is higher than hundreds of -2KPa, e.g.,
1KPa, the sump oil in sump oil separator 200 carries out secondary water-oil separating under vacuum, improves separating effect, sump oil
Water content is low, discharge sump oil after the standing of a week, the bottom no water layer of sump oil.Additionally, can be selected inside separator body 201
Dress heater, sump oil heats up, and reduces viscosity, accelerates profit to assemble and be separated.
Sump oil separator 200 also has another working condition:Control device send operation signal close the 2nd magnetic valve D2,
The 6th magnetic valve D6 is opened simultaneously, to the blowdown profit of bilge water tank 500, until the detection signal of the 2nd detection probe X2 is sump oil letter
Number.After drained water, open the 2nd pumping magnetic valve DP2 and sump oil separator 100 is vacuumized, and vavuum pump is reached hundreds of Pa, it is excellent
500Pa is selected, vacuum drying treatment is carried out to sump oil.Process time reaches scheduled time length, such as after 1.5 hours, opens the 5th electricity
Magnet valve D5 is to collecting tank oil extraction.The water content of the sump oil after vacuum dried treatment than without dried process low 85% with
On.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that:
Vacuum separation sump oil water, improves sump oil water separating effect, in the oil content and discharge sump oil in reduction effluent sewerage
Water content, reduce disturbance emulsification of the water pump to sump oil water, and extension water pump service life.By setting vavuum pump,
Oil water separator and sump oil separator are vacuumized in oil water separation process, sump oil water, sump oil is separated under vacuum,
Separating effect of the oil water separator to sump oil water is improved, the content of the sump oil in discharge water is reduced, and improves the separation of sump oil water
Efficiency, and reduce water content in sump oil.By water pump being arranged at the water outlet of oil water separator, water pump is directly aspirated through oil
The sewage that separator is separated, oil water separator inside it is separated go out sewage be discharged, pressure diminishes, and is negative pressure, treats
The sump oil water of separation is inhaled into oil water separator by the oil-out on oil water separator top, and water pump is disturbed to sump oil water
Dynamic small, the emulsification of sump oil is greatly diminished in sump oil water, improves separating effect of the oil water separator to sump oil water;While water
In the sewage of pumping without solid impurity, the service life of favourable extension water pump reduces maintenance cost.
Reduction flows to the oil content of the sump oil water of filtration core, reduces the filter efficiency of filtration core, improves the filtering of filtration core
Effect and filter effect.The housing 101 of the oil water separator 100 is built-in with spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116.The eddy flow
Plate 115 is arranged on the top of housing 101, and the inwall of spiral board 115 and housing 101 is posted and fixed, and spiral board 115 is along spiral
Line direction extends downwardly;The isolating cylinder 116 is coaxially assemblied in the outside of the 1st filter core 102.Pending sump oil water is defeated by pipeline
The inwall lateral incision of housing 101 is sent to outflow, it is pending under the collective effect of housing 101, spiral board 115 and isolating cylinder 116
Sump oil water rotated along spiral board 115, sump oil water in the counterclockwise direction or be rotated clockwise flowing so that pending sump oil
Sump oil drop in water tends to forming sump oil area to assembling at isolating cylinder 116, and sewage tends to assembling sewage to the inwall side of housing 101
Area;Lighter sump oil area flows up along the outer wall of isolating cylinder 116, and heavier contraminated zone flows downward along the inwall of housing 101, and
The 1st filter core 102 is flowed to through the bottom of isolating cylinder 116;The oil content for then flowing to the sump oil water of filtration core is lower, reduces filtering
The filter efficiency of core, improves the filter effect and filter effect of filtration core, the favourable separating effect and efficiency for improving separator.
Vacuum separation sump oil water, separative efficiency is high, and oil content is lower in sewage effluent;Vacuum secondary separation sump oil, discharge
Water content is lower in sump oil.By setting vavuum pump, vavuum pump through different valves respectively with oil water separator, sump oil separator
Connection, for being vacuumized respectively to oil water separator, sump oil separator, makes the separation process of sump oil water and sump oil in high vacuum
Under carry out, improve sump oil water in sump oil separating effect, further reduce sewage effluent in sump oil content, and improve sump oil
Secondary separation effect, further reduce discharge sump oil reclaimed water content.
General principle of the invention, principal character and advantages of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, the present invention
Claimed scope is by appending claims, specification and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sump oil water vacuum separation unit, it is characterised in that:The separator includes oil water separator (100), sump oil
Separator (200), vavuum pump (300) and control device, the bottom of the oil water separator (100) are provided with for discharging discharge
The delivery port (106) of water, top are provided with the oil-out (105) for being input into sump oil water to be separated and discharge sump oil, water-oil separating
The delivery port (106) of device (100) is connected with the input port of water pump (111);The oil-out (105) of the oil water separator (100)
Connected with the sump oil input port (202) of sump oil separator (200);The oil water separator (100) is built-in with for separating sump oil
The filtration core of water and the heater (108) for being heated to sump oil water to be separated;The sump oil separator (200) is for right
The sump oil that oil water separator (100) is isolated carries out vacuum separation and vacuum drying treatment;The top of the oil water separator (100)
Portion is provided with the 1st bleeding point (113), and the 2nd bleeding point (205), the 1st bleeding point are provided with the top of sump oil separator (200)
(113), input port of the 2nd bleeding point (205) respectively with vavuum pump (300) connects.
2. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Oil water separator (100) bag
Include closed shell (101), the 1st filter core (102) of tubular, the spiral board being made up of bottom, cylindrical side wall and top end cover
(115), the isolating cylinder (116) and dividing plate (104) of tubular;The oil-out (105) is arranged on the top end cover of housing (101)
On, housing (101) is built-in with the fuel-displaced portion of drainage (105B) being connected with oil-out (105);The dividing plate (104) is by housing
(101) the upper separation chamber and lower separation chamber being connected are separated into;1st filter core (102) is upright to be arranged, is assemblied in separation chamber;
The spiral board (115) is arranged on housing (101) on the inwall of upper separation chamber, spiral board (115) and housing (101)
Inwall is posted and fixed, and spiral board (115) extends along cylindrical helix direction;The isolating cylinder (116) is coaxially assemblied in the 1st
The outside of filter core (102), the top ends of isolating cylinder (116) are higher than the 1st filter core (102) and the top ends of spiral board (115);It is described
The output oral area in the fuel-displaced portion of drainage (105B), the first check valve, one end of at least one pipeline are sequentially communicated, the pipeline it is another
End is located on spiral board (115);The input oral area in the fuel-displaced portion of drainage (105B) is connected through the second check valve with upper separation chamber, uses
In discharging sump oil.
3. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The oil water separator (100) is also
The 2nd filter core (103) including tubular, oil level detection meter (107), heater (108), temperature sensor (109), the 1st vacuum meter
(110) and water pump (111), the 2nd filter core (103) is arranged at the bottom of housing (101), in lower separation chamber;The water outlet
Mouth (106) is arranged on the lower sidewall of housing (101), and oil-out (105) is arranged on the top end cover of housing (101);Institute
State the top that oil level detection meter (107), temperature sensor (109) and the 1st vacuum meter (110) are assemblied in housing (101) respectively
Lid;The 1st heater (1081) that the heater (108) is heated including (107) region based on to oil level detection
With the 2nd heater (1082) for being heated to sump oil water to be separated;2nd heater (1082) is assemblied in housing
(101) in upper separation chamber, between isolating cylinder (116) and housing (101);The oil-out (105) and sump oil separator
(200) connect, delivery port (106) is connected with the input port of water pump (111);1st bleeding point (113) is arranged at housing
(101) top ends.
4. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The oil water separator (100) is also
Including the 1st three-way solenoid valve (DT1), the 2nd three-way solenoid valve (DT2) and the 3rd three-way solenoid valve (DT3), the oil-out
(105), two connectors of the 1st three-way solenoid valve (DT1) and the sump oil input port (202) of sump oil separator (200) are sequentially communicated,
Another connector of the 1st three-way solenoid valve (DT1) is used to be input into sump oil water to be separated;The delivery port (106), the 2nd electromagnetism
Two connectors of triple valve (DT2), water pump (111), the 1st connector of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve (DT3) are sequentially communicated, the 2nd electromagnetism
Another connector of triple valve (DT2) is used to be input into anti-rinse water, the 2nd connector and delivery port of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve (DT3)
(106) connect;3rd connector of the 3rd three-way solenoid valve (DT3) and another connector of the 1st three-way solenoid valve (DT1) connect
It is logical.
5. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The oil water separator (100) is also
Including the 1st liquid level sensor (114), it is assemblied on the top end cover of oil water separator (100), is adapted to detect for oil water separator
(100) height of interior liquid level;The oil water separator (100) that control device is detected the 1st liquid level sensor (114) for obtaining
The preset value of liquid level and the 1st liquid level is compared, when the liquid level that the 1st liquid level sensor (114) is detected reaches
To the 1st liquid level preset value when, stop to the sump oil water to be separated of conveying in oil water separator (100).
6. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:1st three-way solenoid valve (DT1)
It is another for be input on the connecting pipeline of the connector of sump oil water to be separated assemble filter (112).
7. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:1st heater (1081) is in
The helix tube of column, is assemblied in the upper separation chamber of oil water separator (100), and the detection of the oil level detection meter (107) is visited
Head is located in the helix tube.
8. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Sump oil separator (200) bag
Include sump oil separator body (201), oil level detecting device (209), the 2nd vacuum meter (206), the sump oil separator body
(201) the 2nd bleeding point (205) is provided with the top of, the bottom of sump oil separator body (201) is provided with for being connected with collecting tank
Oil discharge outlet (203) and the discharge outlet (204) for being connected with bilge water tank;2nd bleeding point (205) and vavuum pump (300)
Input port is adapted to detect for oil water surface, is assemblied in separator body by pipeline connection, the oil level detecting device (209)
(201) top or bottom, the 2nd vacuum meter (206) are assemblied in the top end cover of separator body (201);The oil level detection
Device (209), the 2nd vacuum meter (206), vavuum pump (300) are electrically connected with control device respectively.
9. sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The sump oil separator (200) is also
Including the 2nd liquid level sensor (207), the height of sump oil separator (200) interior liquid level is adapted to detect for, is assemblied in separator body
(201) top end cover;The liquid level of the sump oil separator (200) that control device is detected the 2nd liquid level sensor (207) for obtaining
The preset value of height and the 2nd liquid level is compared, when the liquid level that the 2nd liquid level sensor (207) is detected reaches the 2nd
During the preset value of liquid level, stop conveying sump oil to sump oil separator (200).
10. the sump oil water vacuum separation unit according to claim 1-9 any claims, it is characterised in that:The water
Pump (111) is plunger displacement pump.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611047487.4A CN106673125A (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | Oily water vacuum separation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611047487.4A CN106673125A (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | Oily water vacuum separation device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN106673125A true CN106673125A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
Family
ID=58866705
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201611047487.4A Withdrawn CN106673125A (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | Oily water vacuum separation device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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CN (1) | CN106673125A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108911348A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-11-30 | 蔡小春 | Oil-containing sewage treatment system |
-
2016
- 2016-11-22 CN CN201611047487.4A patent/CN106673125A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108911348A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-11-30 | 蔡小春 | Oil-containing sewage treatment system |
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Application publication date: 20170517 |