CN106672015B - The methods, devices and systems of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring - Google Patents
The methods, devices and systems of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN106672015B CN106672015B CN201611226440.4A CN201611226440A CN106672015B CN 106672015 B CN106672015 B CN 106672015B CN 201611226440 A CN201611226440 A CN 201611226440A CN 106672015 B CN106672015 B CN 106672015B
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- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods, devices and systems of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, this method comprises: obtaining the noise signal of car body corresponding region, the car body is arranged on the bogie of EMU, multiple axle boxes are provided on the bogie, each axle box is arranged at a wheel of the bogie, and the axle box and the wheel correspond；The wheel that is arranged on the bogie is judged whether there is according to noise signal, and there are failures；If the determination result is YES, determine that there are the wheels of failure according to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box of acquisition.The present invention can be realized rapidly identification wheel fault and accurately find out failure wheel, reduce the security risk of EMU operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to EMU technology more particularly to a kind of methods, devices and systems of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring.
Background technique
As the operating mileage of EMU increases, EMU wheel tread shape will appear different degrees of abrasion, such as flat
Phenomenon is justified in the mistakes such as scar, wheel polygonization, and wheel wear leads to the mismatch of wheel rail relation, causes body oscillating exception, noise
Increase, influence EMU traveling comfort and reduces the comfort of EMU operation.
Test EMU wheel condition mainly relies on ground maintenance staff to test visually or by Portable Static at present
Equipment is tested in the maintenance library of MTU depot.Visually refer to by ground maintenance staff, after emu vehicle storage, maintenance
Personnel go through wheel tread using flashlight；Refer to by the test of Portable Static test equipment, is repaired according to certain rotation
Mileage or runing time progress carry out routine test in the maintenance library of MTU depot, and when test requires test ground that must put down
It is whole, got up with very heavy top support wheel supporting, Portable Static test equipment is installed on wheel.
Present technology is disadvantageous in that, either visually or by Portable Static is surveyed by ground maintenance staff
Examination equipment test is all the current check carried out after EMU storage or is inspected periodically, and is unable to real-time monitoring wheel in this way
Whether break down, identification wheel fault has certain hysteresis quality, and there are some potential safety problemss.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of methods, devices and systems of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, to solve in the prior art not
The problem of whether energy real-time monitoring wheel breaks down.
First aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, comprising:
The noise signal of car body corresponding region is obtained, the car body is arranged on the bogie of EMU, the bogie
On be provided with multiple axle boxes, each axle box is arranged at a wheel of the bogie, the axle box and the wheel
It corresponds；
The wheel that is arranged on the bogie is judged whether there is according to noise signal, and there are failures；
If the determination result is YES, determine that there are the vehicles of failure according to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box of acquisition
Wheel.
It is optionally, described to be according to noise signal judgement according to the method for EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above
It is no to include: with the presence of the wheel failure being arranged on the bogie
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the noise signal, judges whether to have in the noise signal amplitude of signal to be greater than first
Preset reference value, when first preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, institute
State the amplitude acquisition of the noise signal of car body corresponding region；
If the determination result is YES, then judge described with the presence of the wheel failure being arranged on the bogie.
According to the method for EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above, optionally, each axis according to acquisition
The vibration acceleration signal of case determines that there are the wheels of failure
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box, to judge to be in the vibration acceleration signal
The no vibration amplitude for having signal is greater than the second preset reference value；
If judging to have in the vibration acceleration signal vibration amplitude of signal to be greater than the second preset reference value, it is determined that
Greater than the corresponding wheel of vibration acceleration signal of second preset reference value, there are failures；
Wherein, when second preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure,
What the vibration amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal of the corresponding axle box obtained.
According to the method for EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above, optionally, in each axle box according to acquisition
Vibration acceleration signal determine there are before the wheel of failure, further includes:
Obtain the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box.
According to the method for EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above, optionally, in each axle box according to acquisition
Vibration acceleration signal determine there are after the wheel of failure, further includes:
Corresponding fault level is determined according to the vibration acceleration signal there are the wheel of failure；
Alert is determined whether according to the fault level.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, comprising:
Module is obtained, for obtaining the noise signal of car body corresponding region, the bogie of EMU is arranged in the car body
On, multiple axle boxes are provided on the bogie, each axle box is arranged at a wheel of the bogie, the axis
Case and the wheel correspond；
Judgment module, the wheel that is arranged on the bogie is judged whether there is according to noise signal, and there are failures, if sentencing
Disconnected result be it is yes, then trigger determining module；
Determining module, the vibration acceleration signal for each axle box according to acquisition determine that there are the wheels of failure.
According to the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above, optionally, the judgment module is specifically used for:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the noise signal, judges whether to have in the noise signal amplitude of signal to be greater than first
Preset reference value, when first preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, institute
State the amplitude acquisition of the noise signal of car body corresponding region；
If the determination result is YES, then judge described with the presence of the wheel failure being arranged on the bogie.
According to the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above, optionally, the determining module is specifically used for:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box, to judge to be in the vibration acceleration signal
The no vibration amplitude for having signal is greater than the second preset reference value；
If judging to have in the vibration acceleration signal vibration amplitude of signal to be greater than the second preset reference value, it is determined that
Greater than the corresponding wheel of vibration acceleration signal of second preset reference value, there are failures；
Wherein, when second preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure,
What the vibration amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal of the corresponding axle box obtained.
According to the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring as described above, optionally, further includes:
Fault level determining module, it is corresponding for being determined according to the vibration acceleration signal there are the wheel of failure
Fault level determines whether alert according to the fault level.
Third aspect of the present invention provides a kind of system of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, including described in any of the above embodiments
The device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring.
The methods, devices and systems of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided by the invention, it is preliminary by noise signal first
Determining whether the wheel being arranged on bogie, there are failures, determine that there are the vehicles of failure then according to vibration acceleration signal
Wheel can be realized rapidly identification wheel fault and accurately find out failure wheel, reduces the security risk of EMU operation, guarantee
The safety of EMU operation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 be another embodiment of the present invention provides EMU wheel malfunction monitoring method flow diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the device for the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 be another embodiment of the present invention provides EMU wheel malfunction monitoring device structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of methods of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, event whether occur for the wheel to EMU
Barrier is detected.The executing subject of the present embodiment is the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, which can be set EMU
On.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring that one embodiment of the invention provides.Such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, the method for the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of the present embodiment includes:
Step 101, the noise signal for obtaining car body corresponding region.
Wherein, car body is arranged on the bogie of EMU, and multiple axle box groups, each axle box setting are provided on bogie
At a wheel of bogie, axle box and wheel are corresponded.
The noise signal of car body corresponding region refers to body oscillating bring noise signal, the exception and vehicle of the noise signal
Take turns the correlation that whether breaks down.In general, wheel fault is more serious, and body oscillating is more abnormal, is brought by wheel-rail interaction
Noise signal it is also stronger.
In the present embodiment, noise signal can be acquired using noise transducer, and the vibration acceleration signal of axle box can be used
Vibration acceleration sensor acquisition.Specifically, the executing subject of the present embodiment is at least configured with Data Analysis Services function.At this
In embodiment, vibration acceleration sensor, noise transducer analog signal collected are converted into digital signal, example respectively
Such as, the necessary signal conditions such as signal amplification, low-pass filtering are carried out using signal of the signal regulating device to acquisition, utilizes input
It is necessary that output device carries out data processings, the processes such as data sampling, digitized processing to the signal that signal regulating device exports
The signal of acquisition is transferred to the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring by data processor again, EMU wheel malfunction monitoring
Device real-time storage, processing, display, the signal for monitoring car body.
In the present embodiment, the bogie of EMU is the travel structure of EMU, and bogie at least has carrying, leads
To the functions such as, vibration damping, traction, braking, at least following component part of bogie: axle box device (abbreviation axle box), elasticity
Suspension arrangement, framework, brake rigging, bogie support the device of car body.Wherein, axle box is the work for contacting framework and wheel
Movable joint, role are the translations for making the rolling of wheel be converted to car body along rail.
For example, the noise signal of car body can be acquired in real time by noise transducer, and noise transducer is mounted on steering
It on the corresponding top car body of frame, or is mounted in the car body area right above bogie, corresponding region for example can be collection
The device institute of noise signal can collected region.Noise signal may include at least one of following noise: wheel-rail noise,
Noise of equipment, aerodynamic noise.Wherein, whether wheel-rail noise breaks down related with wheel.Therefore, the present embodiment obtains make an uproar first
Acoustical signal is tentatively judged, to determine whether wheel is possible to break down.Since what a noise transducer acquired makes an uproar
Region corresponding to acoustical signal corresponds to multiple wheels, therefore carries out preliminary analysis using noise signal, simple and convenient and rapid.
In the present embodiment, the axle box being arranged on bogie has multiple, and an axle box is respectively provided at each wheel.Citing
For, the wheel being arranged on bogie has 4, then the number of corresponding axle box is also 4, respectively the first axle box, the second axis
Case, third axle box and the 4th axle box, the first axle box be arranged in one of bogie wheel to left side wheel at, the setting of the second axle box exists
One of bogie takes turns to right side wheels, and at bogie two wheels are to left side wheel, the 4th axle box is set the setting of third axle box
It sets at bogie two wheels are to right side wheels.Different axle boxes can be indicated by different marks, in this way, corresponding
Vibration acceleration signal can also be indicated by identifying accordingly, to distinguish.
It should be noted that dividing for " left side " and " right side " of wheel can be defined with the cis-position of EMU to divide.
Optionally, EMU includes sequentially connected vehicle, and number is respectively 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, it is assumed that the direction of 1 vehicle is 1
The direction at end, 8 vehicles is 2 ends, and towards 1 vehicle, left side is denoted as left side of car, and right side is denoted as right side of car, " left side " of wheel and " right
The division of side " is defined according to the cis-position of EMU, i.e., left side of car is denoted as left side wheel, and right side of car is denoted as right side wheels.
Step 102, the wheel that is arranged on bogie is judged whether there is according to noise signal, and there are failures.
Specifically, time-domain analysis can be carried out to noise signal to determine that wheel whether there is failure, such as by time domain
Analysis, discovery noise signal exceed according to the normal range (NR) that obtains to the analysis of EMU long-term follow test data, then can be with
There are failures for the determining wheel on bogie.
In the step, tentatively judged first with the noise signal of car body whether wheel is faulty.
Step 103, if the determination result is YES, determine that there are failures according to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box of acquisition
Wheel.
Before step 103, the operation for obtaining the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box can be executed.
The vibration acceleration signal of axle box refers to the acceleration signal of axle box vibration signal, the vibration acceleration letter of the axle box
Number size whether break down to wheel it is related.In general, wheel fault is more serious, and axle box vibration also can be and then abnormal,
Also bigger by axle box abnormal vibrations bring acceleration signal, vice versa.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, original vibration acceleration signal can be accelerated by the vibration being mounted on axle box
Degree sensor acquires in real time, after signal processing as above, is input in executing subject.In the present embodiment, vibration adds
Speed signal can be acquired in real time by the vibration acceleration sensor being mounted on axle box.
It should be noted that the noise signal of original car body, original vibration acceleration signal can be with synchronous acquisition, examples
Such as, synchronous acquisition order is unified is mentioned by vehicle GPS (Global Positioning System, global positioning system) tachymeter
For synchronous acquisition order sending instant can control, for example can be set when EMU brings into operation, and synchronizes data and adopts
Collection.In addition, vehicle GPS tachymeter can also provide train running information, such as train running speed, column for later data processing
Vehicle current time etc. can be specifically acquired according to actual needs.
Specifically, although noise signal acquisition is convenient, it can quickly recognize wheel fault using the noise signal of car body
It with the presence or absence of failure, but cannot clearly be that there are failures for which wheel.In the present embodiment, further to vibration collected
Dynamic acceleration signal is analyzed, and to determine which specific wheel, there are failures.
In the present embodiment, when according to noise signal determine the wheel that is arranged on bogie deposit after the failure, according to
Vibration acceleration signal determines that there are the positions where the wheel of failure, can determine that there are the tools where the wheel of failure in this way
Body position, and then being capable of the faster more acurrate wheel found out there are failure.
The method of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided in this embodiment, primarily determines whether have by noise signal first
Wheel on bogie is arranged in, and there are failures, determine that there are the wheel of failure, Neng Goushi then according to vibration acceleration signal
It now rapidly identifies wheel fault and accurately finds out failure wheel, reduce the security risk of EMU operation, guarantee EMU fortune
Capable safety.
Embodiment two
The method of the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring to embodiment one of the present embodiment does further supplementary explanation.Fig. 2 is
Another embodiment of the present invention provides EMU wheel malfunction monitoring method flow chart.
As shown in Fig. 2, the method for the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of the present embodiment includes:
Step 201, the noise signal for obtaining car body corresponding region execute step 202.
Car body is arranged on the bogie of EMU, and multiple axle boxes are provided on bogie, and each axle box setting is turning to
At one wheel of frame, axle box and wheel are corresponded.
Step 201 in the present embodiment is identical as the implementation of the step 101 of above-described embodiment one, no longer superfluous herein
It states.
Step 202, time-domain analysis is carried out to noise signal, judges whether to have in noise signal the amplitude of signal to be greater than first
Preset reference value if the determination result is YES thens follow the steps 203, otherwise return step 201.
In the present embodiment, when the first preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, vehicle
What the amplitude of the noise signal of body corresponding region obtained.Specifically, time-domain analysis can be carried out to the noise signal of car body, obtained
The amplitude of the noise signal of car body judges whether have the amplitude of signal to be greater than the first default ginseng in noise signal with the distribution of frequency
Value is examined, if the determination result is YES, shows that wheel there may be failure；If judging result be it is no, show that wheel condition is good.
Time-domain analysis is that the relationship changed over time to the magnitude parameters of signal is analyzed, can be according to letter collected
Number truthful data realize quickly judgement.
In the present embodiment, the noise signal of car body can be analyzed using amplitude spectrum, it is clear that the noise signal of car body
Time-domain analysis is carried out, obtains the amplitude of the noise signal of car body with the distribution of frequency, can be realized and simply and rapidly determine failure
Characteristic frequency and fault signature amplitude, pass through the comparison of fault signature amplitude and preset normal value, moreover it is possible to further facilitate
The diagnosis of failure.
It should be noted that when the first preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure,
What the amplitude of the noise signal of corresponding car body obtained.Optionally it is determined that the statistical data of the first preset reference value derives from
EMU long-term follow test data, although EMU long-term follow test data is one group of empirical data, due to EMU
It is influenced in operational process by complicated and changeable, determines that the first preset reference value is calculated than pure theory by empirical data
Reference value more there is reference value.For example, first is default by the analysis to certain type EMU long-term follow test data
Reference value is set as 65dB.When the amplitude for having signal in detected noise signal is greater than 65dB, showing wheel, there are failures；Conversely,
Show that wheel condition is good.
Step 203, the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box is obtained, step 204 is executed.
The number of signal included in the corresponding vibration acceleration signal of one axle box can have one, can also have more
A, the number of signal can be determined according to the frequency of acquisition, such as every acquisition is once a signal, can acquire it is multiple it
Afterwards, the dress of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring can be sent to using all collected signals as the first vibration acceleration signal
It sets.
Step 204, time-domain analysis is carried out to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box, to judge to be in vibration acceleration signal
The no vibration amplitude for having signal is greater than the second preset reference value, if judging the vibration amplitude for having signal in vibration acceleration signal
Greater than the second preset reference value, it is determined that wheel corresponding greater than the vibration acceleration signal of the second preset reference value has event
Barrier, otherwise returns to step 201.
Each axle box corresponds to respective vibration acceleration signal, when obtaining vibration acceleration signal, can mark phase
The mark of the axle box answered distinguishes.
It, can be by carrying out time-domain analysis to vibration acceleration signal with the vibration acceleration signal to axle box in the step
Vibration amplitude analyzed.
It should be noted that when the second preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure,
What the amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal of corresponding axle box group obtained.Optionally it is determined that the statistical number of the second preset reference value
According to EMU long-term follow test data is derived from, although EMU long-term follow test data is one group of empirical data, by
It is influenced in EMU operational process by complicated and changeable, determines that the second preset reference value compares pure theory by empirical data
The reference value being calculated more has reference value.For example, by the analysis to certain type EMU long-term follow test data,
Second preset reference value is set as 500m/s2.When thering is the amplitude of signal to be greater than in the first vibration acceleration signal monitored
500m/s2, it is determined that it has in left side wheel with the presence of wheel failure, conversely, showing that wheel condition is good.When second monitored
There is the amplitude of signal to be greater than 500m/s in vibration acceleration signal2, it is determined that it has in right side wheels with the presence of wheel failure, instead
It, shows that wheel condition is good.
It, can also be according to the fault characteristic frequency of vibration acceleration signal and corresponding when determining that wheel deposits after a failure
Amplitude judges fault type.The fault type of wheel is roughly divided into flat scar and wheel polygon.
Wherein, flat scar is the failure of the non-sphering in part of wheel, and the scuffing that flat scar normally behaves as wheel tread is irregular
And it scratches and unfilled corner occurs than more serious or even wheel；When flat scar occurs in wheel, body oscillating is abnormal, car body noise pollution is special
Greatly, the fault characteristic frequency of vibration acceleration signal is about 1~5 times of the Forced Frequency of wheel, and multiple failures occurs
Characteristic frequency, amplitude corresponding to the fault characteristic frequency of vibration acceleration signal be more than ten times of normal amplitude even more
Greatly.Therefore, can easily identify it is not by the fault characteristic frequency of vibration acceleration signal and corresponding amplitude
It is flat scar failure.
It should be noted that the Forced Frequency of wheel refers to wheel normal rotation bring frequency, the fortune with EMU
Scanning frequency degree is related with wheel diameter.Specifically, the Forced Frequency of wheel is according to formulaIt is calculated, wherein f indicates wheel
Forced Frequency, v indicates the speed of service of EMU, and λ indicates the excitation wavelength of wheel, and the excitation wavelength of wheel is according to formula
λ=π d is calculated, and wherein d is wheel diameter.For example, it is assumed that wheel diameter 920mm, is calculated vehicle according to formula λ=π d
Wheel excitation wavelength is 2.89m, it is assumed that the EMU speed of service is 300km/h, then the Forced Frequency of wheel is according to formulaMeter
Calculating is 29Hz or so.
Wheel polygon is the failure of the complete cycle non-sphering of wheel, and wheel polygon normally behaves as the scuffing of wheel tread
Rule scratches very shallow.When wheel polygon failure occurs in wheel, fault characteristic frequency is relatively simple.Specifically, according to wheel
Fault characteristic frequency and the ratio of Forced Frequency of wheel determine the number of edges of wheel polygon.For example, the fault signature of wheel
Frequency is 500Hz or so, and the Forced Frequency of wheel is 29Hz or so, at this moment can be according to the fault characteristic frequency and wheel of wheel
Forced Frequency ratio determine wheel polygon number of edges be 17 sides.Therefore, according to wheel fault characteristic frequency and wheel
The ratio of Forced Frequency can easily determine the number of edges of wheel polygon, repair for the rotation of subsequent wheel and provide instruction.
In the present embodiment, since the algorithm of time-domain analysis is simple, the virtual value energy of the vibration acceleration signal obtained
It is enough rapidly to determine whether to be conducive to save data processing time, improve the efficiency of wheel fault diagnosis there are preliminary failure.It lifts
For example, since time-domain analysis is directly to be analyzed and processed signal, and before frequency-domain analysis, need to pass through fourier series
With Fourier transform scheduling algorithm signal is transformed from the time domain to frequency domain, it is clear that time-domain analysis has in terms of the preliminary analysis of signal
There is the simple advantage of algorithm, and reflection signal can intuitively be facilitated to change with time, is conducive to the variation for controlling signal in real time
Trend.In this way, vibration acceleration signal is obtained by time-domain analysis by the analysis to EMU long-term follow test data
Virtual value can rapidly determine whether that there are preliminary failures.
It is noted that the step 203 of the present embodiment and step 201 and step 202 are not carried out sequence, i.e. step 203
It can be performed simultaneously, can also be executed before or after step 201 with step 201, can also be performed simultaneously with step 202,
Or execute after step 202, specifically without limitation.
The present embodiment can simply and quickly determine that fault signature is believed by carrying out time-domain analysis to vibration acceleration signals
Number, can be realized it is simple, facilitate identification wheel with the presence or absence of failure, substantially reduce fault identification difficulty and data processing when
Between.
The method of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided in this embodiment, primarily determines whether have by noise signal first
Wheel on bogie is arranged in, and there are failures, determine that there are the wheel of failure, Neng Goushi then according to vibration acceleration signal
It now rapidly identifies wheel fault and accurately finds out failure wheel, reduce the security risk of EMU operation, guarantee EMU fortune
Capable safety.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment does further supplementary explanation to the method for the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of above-described embodiment.
In the present embodiment, determine in the vibration acceleration signal according to each axle box of acquisition there are after the wheel of failure,
Further include:
According to there are the vibration acceleration signals of the wheel of failure to determine corresponding fault level；
Alert is determined whether according to fault level.
Specifically, frequency-domain analysis can be carried out to vibration acceleration signal, to determine that there are failures of the wheel of failure etc.
Grade.
In the step, frequency-domain analysis can be carried out to vibration acceleration symbol, obtain fault characteristic signals.Wherein, failure
Characteristic signal refers to that abnormal signal, fault characteristic signals show as the relatively large signal of amplitude, corresponding frequency in amplitude spectrum
Rate section is fault characteristic frequency, and fault signature amplitude is corresponding with fault characteristic frequency.
Specifically, frequency-domain analysis is the common analysis method of vibrating failure diagnosis, needs certain calculation amount.Specifically,
Time domain vibration signal is transformed into frequency domain vibration signal using existing frequency-domain analysis technology, i.e., will constitute vibration acceleration signal
Various frequency contents all separate, in order to identify certain vibration acceleration signal whether be fault characteristic signals or whether
Including fault characteristic signals.Common rumble spectrum is amplitude spectrum and power spectrum, and the explanation of amplitude spectrum and power spectrum is as above, herein
It repeats no more.Wherein, fault characteristic signals refer to that abnormal signal, fault characteristic signals show as amplitude relatively in amplitude spectrum
Big signal, corresponding frequency band are fault characteristic frequency；Fault characteristic signals show as power relatively in power spectrum
Big signal, corresponding frequency band are fault characteristic frequency.
Fault level can be determined according to actual needs, such as fault level is determined as the first estate, second etc.
Grade, tertiary gradient etc., can determine the need for stopping immediately and be overhauled according to fault level.It is assumed that if first etc.
Grade, then EMU can continue traveling until terminus, if the second grade, then EMU can be examined in next anchor point
It repairs, if the tertiary gradient, then EMU needs to be overhauled at once.
For concrete example, the wheel fault grade separation of certain type EMU is divided into: safety zone, level-one precautionary areas, second level
Precautionary areas, high-risk area.The EMU wheel for being in safety zone is repaired without carrying out rotation, it can be with continuous service.It is pre- to level-one is in
The EMU wheel of police region can carry out rotation after 20,000 kilometers of operation and repair.It can be with to the EMU wheel for being in second level precautionary areas
Rotation is carried out after 0.8 ten thousand kilometers of operation to repair.It needs to carry out rotation immediately to the EMU wheel for being in high-risk area to repair.It needs to illustrate
It is that the classification of certain type EMU wheel fault level is not limited to for example, can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
Specifically, alert is determined whether according to fault level.For example, if determining EMU according to noise signal
Wheel is in high-risk area, and determines that wheel M is in high-order area according to a vibration acceleration signal.At this moment, vehicle-mounted alarm device meeting
The high-risk warning information of wheel M is issued, train operator is immediately performed shut-down operation according to warning information, with vehicle maintenance staff to vehicle
Wheel M carries out rotation and repairs.For example, if determine that EMU wheel is in second level precautionary areas according to vibration acceleration signal, and according to a certain
Vibration acceleration signal determines that wheel N is in level-one precautionary areas.At this moment, the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring can issue wheel
The warning information of N level-one early warning, at this point, rule of thumb, EMU can continue to run, wheel N can be after 20,000 kilometers of operation
It carries out rotation to repair, it is clear that the state by the real time monitoring diagnosis to wheel condition in addition to being conducive to control wheel, moreover it is possible to instruct vehicle
The rotation of wheel is repaired, and is effectively improved vehicle wheel maintenance efficiency and quality, is cut operating costs.
The warning message of the present embodiment may be displayed on the text information on the screen of EMU, be also possible to different sound
It rings, can also be information shown by the combination of the lamp of different colours, can specifically set according to actual needs, it is no longer superfluous herein
It states.
Specifically, it has been experienced that, the noise signal and wheel fault of car body have very strong relevance, point of noise signal
Shellfish value is bigger, and wheel fault higher grade, and vice versa.For example, by dividing certain type EMU long-term follow test data
Analysis, when EMU wheel is in safety zone, the decibel value of noise signal is less than 65dB；When EMU wheel is in level-one early warning
Qu Shi, the decibel value of noise signal are fallen in [65,70] section dB；When EMU wheel is in second level precautionary areas, noise letter
Number decibel value fall in [70,75] section dB；When EMU wheel is in high-risk area, the decibel value of noise signal is greater than
75dB。
For example, table 1 is the noise grade determined according to certain type EMU long-term follow test data.The present embodiment root
Threshold value according to the first noise signal of setting of table 1 is 65dB, the threshold value of the second noise signal is 70dB, the threshold value of third noise signal
For 75dB, the threshold value of totally three noise signals.Firstly, the threshold value one of the amplitude for the noise signal that will acquire and three noise signals
One is judged, then, the threshold value that will be greater than the amplitude of the noise signal obtained is sorted from small to large or arranged from big to small
Sequence selects the threshold value of maximum noise signal, finally, determining wheel fault grade according to the threshold value of maximum noise signal.
For example, the amplitude of the noise signal currently obtained is 80dB, by judgement it is found that the amplitude of the noise signal obtained is greater than first
The amplitude of the threshold value of noise signal and the noise signal obtained is greater than the threshold value of the second noise signal and the noise signal that obtains
Amplitude is greater than the threshold value of third noise signal, at this moment makes an uproar from the threshold value of the first noise signal, the threshold value of the second noise signal, third
In the threshold value of acoustical signal, the threshold value for selecting third noise signal is the threshold value of maximum noise signal, is believed according to third noise
Number threshold value determine that wheel is in high-risk area.
Table 1
| Safety zone | Level-one precautionary areas | Second level precautionary areas | High-risk area |
| <65dB | [65,70] dB | [70,75] dB | >75dB |
Specifically, it has been experienced that, the vibration acceleration signal and wheel fault of axle box have very strong relevance, axle box
Vibration acceleration signal is bigger, and wheel fault higher grade, and vice versa.For example, by trying certain type EMU long-term follow
The analysis for testing data, when EMU wheel is in safety zone, the vibration acceleration signal of axle box is less than 500m/s2；Work as motor-car
When group wheel is in level-one precautionary areas, the vibration acceleration signal of axle box falls in [500,600] m/s2In section；Work as EMU car
When wheel is in second level precautionary areas, the vibration acceleration signal of axle box falls in [600,700] m/s2In section；At EMU wheel
At high-risk area, the vibration acceleration signal of axle box is greater than 700m/s2。
For example, table 2 is the vibration class determined according to certain type EMU long-term follow test data.The present embodiment root
It is 500m/s according to the threshold value that the first vibration acceleration signal is arranged in table 22, the second vibration acceleration signal threshold value be 600m/s2、
The threshold value of third vibration acceleration signal is 700m/s2, the threshold value of totally three vibration acceleration signals.Firstly, the vibration that will acquire
The amplitude of dynamic acceleration signal and the threshold value of three vibration acceleration signals are judged one by one, then, will be greater than the vibration obtained
The threshold value of the amplitude of dynamic acceleration signal is sorted or is sorted from large to small from small to large, and maximum vibration acceleration is selected
The threshold value of signal, finally, determining wheel fault grade according to the threshold value of maximum vibration acceleration signal.For example, current obtain
The first vibration acceleration signal amplitude be 750m/s2, the amplitude of the second vibration acceleration signal currently obtained is 450m/
s2, through judgement it is found that for the amplitude of the first vibration acceleration signal of acquisition, the first vibration acceleration signal of acquisition
Amplitude be greater than the first vibration acceleration signal threshold value and obtain the first vibration acceleration signal amplitude be greater than second vibration
The threshold value of dynamic acceleration signal and the amplitude of the first vibration acceleration signal obtained are greater than the threshold of third vibration acceleration signal
Value, at this moment from the threshold value of the first vibration acceleration signal, the threshold value of the second vibration acceleration signal, third vibration acceleration signal
Threshold value in, select third vibration acceleration signal threshold value be maximum vibration acceleration signal threshold value, according to third
The threshold value of vibration acceleration signal determines that left side wheel is in high-order area；The amplitude of second vibration acceleration signal of acquisition is come
It says, at this moment the amplitude of the second vibration acceleration signal of acquisition determines right side vehicle less than the threshold value of the first vibration acceleration signal
Wheel is in safety zone.
Table 2
| Safety zone | Level-one precautionary areas | Second level precautionary areas | High-risk area |
| <500m/s2 | [500,600] m/s2 | [600,700] m/s2 | >700m/s2 |
The present embodiment according to noise signal quickly determines wheel, and whether there may be failures, then according to vibration acceleration
Signal determines that there are the wheels of failure, then quickly and accurately determines wheel fault grade further according to vibration acceleration signal.
Next, alert is determined whether according to fault level.For example, if determining EMU according to noise signal
Wheel is in high-risk area, and determines that left side wheel is in high-order area according to the first vibration acceleration signal, is added according to the second vibration
Speed signal determines that right side wheels are in safety zone.At this moment, it is high-risk to issue left side wheel for vehicle-mounted alarm device, right side wheels peace
Full warning information, train operator are immediately performed shut-down operation according to warning information, with vehicle maintenance staff carry out left side wheel
Rotation is repaired.For example, if determine that EMU wheel is in second level precautionary areas according to noise signal, and according to the first vibration acceleration signal
It determines that left side wheel is in level-one precautionary areas, determines that right side wheels are in second level precautionary areas according to the second vibration acceleration signal.
At this moment, the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring can issue left side wheel level-one early warning, the alarm signal of right side wheels second level early warning
Breath, at this point, rule of thumb, EMU can continue to run, left side wheel can carry out rotation after 20,000 kilometers of operation and repair, right side
Wheel can carry out rotation after 0.8 ten thousand kilometers of operation and repair.Obviously, it is diagnosed by the real time monitoring to wheel condition in addition to being conducive to
Control the state of wheel, moreover it is possible to instruct the rotation of wheel to repair, effectively improve vehicle wheel maintenance efficiency and quality, cut operating costs.
The method of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided in this embodiment determines EMU wheel pair according to vibration acceleration
The fault level answered, and alert is determined whether according to fault level, it can be realized real time on-line monitoring EMU car
The state of wheel can be realized and rapidly and accurately determine wheel fault grade, can be realized real-time alert, further drop
The security risk of low EMU operation, and improve the safety of EMU operation.
Example IV
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the device of another EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided of the embodiment of the present invention, this is dynamic
The method that the device of vehicle group wheel fault monitoring can execute the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of any of the above-described embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 3, the device of the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of the present embodiment include: obtain module 301, judgment module 302 and really
Cover half block 303.
Wherein, the noise signal that module 301 is used to obtain car body corresponding region is obtained, the steering of EMU is arranged in car body
Multiple axle boxes are provided on frame, on bogie, each axle box is arranged at a wheel of bogie, and axle box and wheel one are a pair of
It answers；Judgment module 302 judges whether there is the wheel that is arranged on bogie according to noise signal, and there are failures, if judging result is
It is then to trigger determining module 303；Determining module 30 is used to determine there is event according to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box of acquisition
The wheel of barrier.
Optionally, judgment module 302 is specifically used for: time-domain analysis is carried out to noise signal, judge in noise signal whether
There is the amplitude of signal to be greater than the first preset reference value, the first preset reference value is that have wheel to deposit according in the EMU counted in advance
In failure, what the amplitude of the noise signal of car body corresponding region obtained.If the determination result is YES, then judge there is setting turning
There are failures for wheel on frame.
Optionally it is determined that module 303 is specifically used for:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box, to judge whether there is signal in vibration acceleration signal
Vibration amplitude be greater than the second preset reference value；
If judging to have in vibration acceleration signal the vibration amplitude of signal to be greater than the second preset reference value, it is determined that be greater than
There are failures for the corresponding wheel of the vibration acceleration signal of second preset reference value；
Wherein, it is corresponding when the second preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure
What the vibration amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal of axle box obtained.
Device in this present embodiment is closed, wherein modules execute the concrete mode of operation in related this method
It is described in detail in embodiment, no detailed explanation will be given here.
The device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided in this embodiment, primarily determines whether have by noise signal first
Wheel on bogie is arranged in, and there are failures, determine that there are the wheel of failure, Neng Goushi then according to vibration acceleration signal
It now rapidly identifies wheel fault and accurately finds out failure wheel, reduce the security risk of EMU operation, guarantee EMU fortune
Capable safety.
Embodiment five
The present embodiment does further supplementary explanation to the device of the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of example IV.Such as Fig. 4 institute
Show, for according to the structural schematic diagram of the device of the EMU wheel malfunction monitoring of the present embodiment.The device is in addition to as shown in Figure 3
Module 301, judgment module 302 and determining module 303 are obtained, further includes fault level determining module 401.
Wherein, fault level determining module 401 is used for according to there are determining pair of the vibration acceleration signal of the wheel of failure
The fault level answered determines whether alert according to fault level.
Device in this present embodiment is closed, wherein modules execute the concrete mode of operation in related this method
It is described in detail in embodiment, no detailed explanation will be given here.
The device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring provided in this embodiment, primarily determines whether have by noise signal first
Wheel on bogie is arranged in, and there are failures, determine that there are the wheel of failure, Neng Goushi then according to vibration acceleration signal
It now rapidly identifies wheel fault and accurately finds out failure wheel, reduce the security risk of EMU operation, guarantee EMU fortune
Capable safety.In addition, determining the corresponding fault level of EMU wheel also according to vibration acceleration, and true according to fault level
It is fixed whether alert, can be realized the state of real time on-line monitoring EMU wheel, can be realized rapidly and accurately really
Determine wheel fault grade, can be realized real-time alert, further reduced the security risk of EMU operation, and mentions
The high safety of EMU operation.
The present invention also provides a kind of system of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, the EMU car including above-mentioned any embodiment
The device of malfunction monitoring is taken turns, details are not described herein.
Optionally, which can also include above-mentioned various sensors.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize that all or part of the steps of above method embodiment can pass through
The relevant hardware of program instruction is completed, and program above-mentioned can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, the program
When being executed, step including the steps of the foregoing method embodiments is executed；And storage medium above-mentioned includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or light
The various media that can store program code such as disk.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, the range for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring characterized by comprising
The noise signal of car body corresponding region is obtained, the car body is arranged on the bogie of EMU, sets on the bogie
Multiple axle boxes are equipped with, each axle box is arranged at a wheel of the bogie, and the axle box and the wheel are one by one
It is corresponding；
The wheel that is arranged on the bogie is judged whether there is according to noise signal, and there are failures；
If the determination result is YES, determine that there are the wheels of failure according to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box of acquisition；
It is described judge whether there is the wheel that is arranged on the bogie according to noise signal there are failures include:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the noise signal, whether judge has the amplitude of signal to be greater than first in the noise signal presets
Reference value, when first preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, the vehicle
What the amplitude of the noise signal of body corresponding region obtained；
If the determination result is YES, then judge described with the presence of the wheel failure being arranged on the bogie；
The vibration acceleration signal of each axle box according to acquisition determines that there are the wheels of failure
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box, to judge whether have in the vibration acceleration signal
The vibration amplitude of signal is greater than the second preset reference value；
If judging to have in the vibration acceleration signal vibration amplitude of signal to be greater than the second preset reference value, it is determined that be greater than
There are failures for the corresponding wheel of vibration acceleration signal of second preset reference value, are then believed according to the vibration acceleration
Number fault characteristic frequency and corresponding amplitude judge fault type；
Wherein, when second preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, institute is right
What the vibration amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal for the axle box answered obtained.
2. the method for EMU wheel malfunction monitoring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each institute according to acquisition
The vibration acceleration signal for stating axle box determines that there are before the wheel of failure, further includes:
Obtain the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box.
3. the method for EMU wheel malfunction monitoring according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that according to acquisition
The vibration acceleration signal of each axle box determines that there are after the wheel of failure, further includes:
Corresponding fault level is determined according to the vibration acceleration signal there are the wheel of failure；
Alert is determined whether according to the fault level.
4. a kind of device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring characterized by comprising
Module is obtained, for obtaining the noise signal of car body corresponding region, the car body is arranged on the bogie of EMU, institute
State and be provided with multiple axle boxes on bogie, each axle box is arranged at a wheel of the bogie, the axle box with
The wheel corresponds；
Judgment module, the wheel that is arranged on the bogie is judged whether there is according to noise signal, and there are failures, if judgement knot
Fruit be it is yes, then trigger determining module；
Determining module, the vibration acceleration signal for each axle box according to acquisition determine that there are the wheels of failure；
The judgment module is specifically used for:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the noise signal, whether judge has the amplitude of signal to be greater than first in the noise signal presets
Reference value, when first preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, the vehicle
What the amplitude of the noise signal of body corresponding region obtained；
If the determination result is YES, then judge described with the presence of the wheel failure being arranged on the bogie；
The determining module is specifically used for:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the vibration acceleration signal of each axle box, to judge whether have in the vibration acceleration signal
The vibration amplitude of signal is greater than the second preset reference value；
If judging to have in the vibration acceleration signal vibration amplitude of signal to be greater than the second preset reference value, it is determined that be greater than
There are failures for the corresponding wheel of vibration acceleration signal of second preset reference value, are then believed according to the vibration acceleration
Number fault characteristic frequency and corresponding amplitude judge fault type；
Wherein, when second preset reference value is according in the EMU counted in advance with the presence of wheel failure, institute is right
What the vibration amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal for the axle box answered obtained.
5. the device of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include:
Fault level determining module, for determining corresponding failure according to the vibration acceleration signal there are the wheel of failure
Grade determines whether alert according to the fault level.
6. a kind of system of EMU wheel malfunction monitoring, which is characterized in that including EMU car described in claim 4 or 5
Take turns the device of malfunction monitoring.
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| CN107364467A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-11-21 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of fault monitoring device and method based on wheel to vibration signal |
| CN107650945A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-02-02 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of recognition methods of wheel polygon and its device based on vertical wheel rail force |
| CN110220726A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-10 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Detection system, the detection method of wheel out of round |
| CN110171442B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2021-06-04 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Detection system and detection method for wheel flat scars |
| CN110450817B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2024-05-17 | 上海应用技术大学 | Axle box vibration wheel diameter difference detection system and method |
| CN110816588B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-02-05 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Locomotive wheel out-of-roundness detection method, device, equipment and system |
| CN111089738B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-06-17 | 南京工大桥隧与轨道交通研究院有限公司 | Wheel-rail matching state identification method based on noise signals |
| CN110956164A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-03 | 南京工大桥隧与轨道交通研究院有限公司 | Train wheel damage identification method based on noise signals |
| CN113386822B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-10-04 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Comprehensive diagnosis method, device and equipment for wheel multilateral out-of-round |
| CN114179858B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-12-05 | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | Wheel turning method and device based on wheel health state |
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