CN106671245A - 3D printer and printing method thereof - Google Patents
3D printer and printing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106671245A CN106671245A CN201710045451.0A CN201710045451A CN106671245A CN 106671245 A CN106671245 A CN 106671245A CN 201710045451 A CN201710045451 A CN 201710045451A CN 106671245 A CN106671245 A CN 106671245A
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- cement
- powder body
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- removable
- printer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a 3D printer and a printing method thereof. The printer comprises a control system, a material system, a stirring system, an extruding system, a xy-axis system, a z-axis system, a wireless transmitting/receiving system and an input-output system, wherein the control system is used for controlling the stirring system, the extruding system, the xy-axis system and the z-axis system; the material system comprises a conveying system and a weighing system; the xy-axis system controls a printing spray head to move in the direction of the xy-axis; the z-axis system comprises a formed powder storage cylinder, a forming cylinder and a power paving roller; a movable first piston is arranged in the bottom of the formed powder storage cylinder, and a movable second piston is arranged in the bottom of the forming cylinder. According to the 3D printer provided by the invention, building materials of power such as a cement-based material and a gypsum material are applied to a 3D printing technology, so that a technical support is provided for applying the 3D printing technology to the industries such as building materials, construction and industrial art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the powder body material for building such as a kind of printing technique, more particularly to a kind of cement based, gypsum material
3D printer and its Method of printing.
Background technology
Rapid prototyping technology is a novel modeling technology for coming from the U.S. later stage eighties in last century, and the technology passes through material
The accumulation of material and the 3D solid in computer successively " is printed " out, therefore also often by image be referred to as 3D printing technique.
Existing 3D printing technique mainly has stereolithography (SLA), laminated solid mass manufacture (LOM), selective laser sintering
(SLS), fused glass pellet (FDM) etc..
3D printing technique in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, automobile, Aero-Space, medical treatment, military project and other field all
There is application, the technology has equally caused the upsurge that building industry is pursued.Compared with traditional architecture, its advantage exists 3D printing Building technology
In：Speed is fast, it is not necessary to use template, can be significantly cost-effective；The builder of substantial amounts is not needed, is substantially increased
Production efficiency；The high cost measure and positioning that other modes are difficult to build can easily be printed；With low-carbon (LC), green,
Environmentally friendly the characteristics of.3D printing Building technology may change the developing direction of building industry, to environmental protection, building industry, ready-mixed concrete row
The change that industry is brought is apparent.
However, existing powder material for building, such as cement material, setting time is long, the common presetting period 6~
10h, final setting time 24h or so, it is impossible to meet the requirement of 3D printing process in which materials rapid shaping at short notice；And it is general in
Mobility, it is impossible to meet the vertical bulk property during 3D printing；Also, the melt temperature of cement material is higher, so nothing
Method seriously hinders the development of cement-based material 3D printing as 3D printing materials'use.The construction material of the powder body such as Gypsum Fibrosum
It is faced with same problem.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at, there is provided a kind of 3D printer and its Method of printing, it is particularly suited for cement matrix
The powder material for building such as material, gypsum material；Technical problem to be solved is using powder for building such as existing cement, Gypsum Fibrosum
Body material, there is provided a kind of 3D printer and corresponding Method of printing, makes cement, gypsum material be successfully applied to 3D printing technique,
Technical support is provided for application of the 3D printing technique in industries such as building, gypsum handcrafts.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems employs the following technical solutions to realize.
According to a kind of 3D printer that the present invention is provided, described printer includes control system, material system, stirring
System, extrusion system, xy axle systems and z-axis system, wireless transmission/reception system and input-output system, wherein, described control
System processed is used to control stirring system, extrusion system, xy axle systems and z-axis system；Described material system is conveyed including material
System and Weighing system, are connected with stirring system；Described stirring system is used for the stirring of material, with material system, extrusion system
System connection；Described extrusion system is used for the mixed material that extrusion stirs, and mixed material is clamp-oned into printing head；Described
The described printing head of xy axle systems control is moved in xy direction of principal axis；Described z-axis system includes molding powder body storage cylinder, molding
Cylinder and powder-laying roller, described molding powder body storage cylinder bottom is removable first piston, and described moulding cylinder bottom is removable
Second piston.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems can also be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printer, wherein described material system include liquid material induction system,
Liquid material Weighing system；Or, described material system includes liquid material induction system, liquid material Weighing system and powder
Body material-transporting system, powder material Weighing system, described powder material is powder body material for building.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printer, wherein described powder body material for building is cement based powder body material
Material or gypsum powder body material.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printer, wherein described z-axis system also includes molding powder body collection cylinder.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printer, wherein described removable first piston and described removable
Second piston in the vertical direction is moved, and the distance that described removable first piston rises is equal to described removable second
The distance that piston declines.
Preferably, described 3D printer also includes mobility-detected device, and described mobility-detected device is located at institute
Between the extrusion system stated and printing head.With accelerated cement substratess material as printed material, material in each step should be strictly controlled
Mobility, especially at extrusion system and printing head material mobility.The mobility of the material at extrusion system can not
It is too low, otherwise can be set at extrusion system, cause to print failure, and destroy printing equipment；The flowing of material at printing head
Property should not be big, otherwise, the material for printing be difficult sizing.
Described mobility-detected device can be flow speed measurement sensor etc., for the flowing of real-time monitoring mixed material
Property.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printer, wherein described wireless transmission/reception system and control system phase
Even, 3D printer is controlled and is monitored for remote mobile terminal (such as mobile phone A PP), described monitoring content can be
Printing progress etc..
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printer, wherein described input-output system is connected with control system, use
In the print parameters at scene and the input of mathematical model and output, described output can be the output of print progress data.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems is also realized using following technical scheme.
According to a kind of 3D printing method that the present invention is provided, using the printer described in aforementioned any one, Method of printing bag
Include：Step one, using input-output system the setting of print parameters or long-range using mobile terminal (such as mobile phone A PP) is carried out
Carry out the setting of print parameters；Step 2, by powder material and first liquid material described powder material conveying is respectively placed in
In system and liquid material induction system, and the consumption of powder material and first liquid material is controlled by Weighing system；Step
Three, load weighted powder material and first liquid material are placed in stirring system, stir, obtain the first mixed material；
Step 4, the first described mixed material is placed in extrusion system, and the first described mixed material is placed in xy by extrusion system
In axle system；Step 5, has the first molding powder body in the molding powder body storage cylinder in z-axis system, may move first piston and rises a
Distance, is uniformly layered on the first molding powder body in removable second piston using powder-laying roller, and the printing head on xy axle systems will
The first described mixed material is printed upon being covered with the removable second piston of the first molding powder body, the first mixed material and first
There is chemical reaction in molding powder body, solidification sizing, second piston declines a distances；Repeat step five, to completing to be set in control system
The parameter of fixed object to be printed, stops printing, and removes extra powder, and surface polishing obtains object to be printed, described powder
Body material is cement based material or Gypsum Fibrosum material, and described first liquid is water, and the first described molding powder body includes solid-state
One or more in accelerator, second series cement, the 3rd series cement, bone cement and magnesia oxychloride cement；Or, it is described
First molding powder body includes solid-state accelerator, and, second series cement, the 3rd series cement, bone cement and magnesia oxychloride cement
In one or more.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems can also be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printing method, wherein described cement based material includes general-purpose cement, specially
With one or more the mixture in cement, special cement, bone cement, magnesia oxychloride cement.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printing method, wherein described mixing time is 2-4min.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems is also realized using following technical scheme.
According to a kind of 3D printing method that the present invention is provided, using the printer any one of aforementioned, Method of printing
Including, step one, carry out the setting of print parameters using input-output system or using mobile terminal remote carry out printing ginseng
Several settings；Step 2, second liquid material is placed in described liquid material induction system, and by Weighing system control
The consumption of second liquid material；Step 3, load weighted second liquid material is placed in stirring system, is stirred, and is obtained
Second mixed material；Step 4, the second described mixed material is placed in extrusion system, and extrusion system is mixed described second
Compound material is placed in xy axle systems；Step 5, has the second molding powder body, z-axis system in the molding powder body storage cylinder in z-axis system
In removable first piston rise b distances, the second molding powder body is uniformly layered in removable second piston using powder-laying roller,
Printing head on xy axle systems is printed upon the second described mixed material to be covered with removable second work of the second molding powder body
Beyond the Great Wall, there is chemical reaction in the second mixed material and the second molding powder body, and solidification sizing may move second piston and decline b distances；
Repeat step five, to the parameter of the object to be printed for completing to be set in control system, stops printing, and removes extra powder, surface
Polishing, that is, obtain object to be printed, and described second liquid is water and liquid accelerating agent；The second described molding powder body is cement
Original washing powder body or gypsum powder body.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems can also be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printing method, wherein described cement based powder body includes general-purpose cement, specially
With one or more the mixture in cement, special cement, bone cement, magnesia oxychloride cement.
Preferably, according to a kind of aforesaid 3D printing method, wherein described mixing time is 10-120s.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, a kind of 3D printer of the invention and its Method of printing at least have following advantages：
1st, the invention provides a kind of raw material is the 3D printer of the powder body materials for building such as cement.
The raw material of the 3D printer that the present invention is provided is the construction material of existing cement based etc., successfully by cement-based material
3D printing technique is applied to, for application of the 3D printing technique in building trade technical support is provided.
Development of the cement-based material in 3D printing field runs into many difficulties, for example, 1, cement material it is setting time longer, and
With mobility, in the case of without mould, it is difficult to shape at short notice；2nd, it is former based on selective laser sintering (SLS)
The 3D printing technique of reason, needs for material to be printed to sinter to close molten condition, however, printing material phase with existing
Than cement being sintered to into energy needed for molten condition larger.
The present invention greatly reduces the first of cement using the chemical reaction between existing cement-based material and accelerator
The solidifying time, while using the effect of damming of powder body material, it is suppressed that the mobility before cement initial set, cement-based material is set successfully to answer
With with 3D printing technique, for 3D printing technique building trade application technical support is provided.
The 3D printer that the present invention is provided is equally applicable to gypsum material.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of description, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Description of the drawings
The 3D printer of the cement-based material of Fig. 1 embodiments 1.
The front view of the z-axis system of the 3D printer of Fig. 2 cement-based materials of the present invention.
The top view of the z-axis system of the 3D printer of Fig. 3 cement-based materials of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 powder-laying roller, the powder body in 2 powder body storage cylinders, 3a may move first piston, and 3b may move second piston, and 4
Powder body storage cylinder, 5 printing heads, 6 moulding cylinders, 7 powder body collection cylinders, 8 samples.
Specific embodiment
Further to illustrate the present invention to reach technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below in conjunction with
Accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to a kind of 3D printer proposed by the present invention and its Method of printing, its specific embodiment, knot
Structure, feature and its effect, describe in detail as after.In the following description, what different " embodiment " or " embodiment " referred to differs
Surely it is same embodiment.Additionally, the special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiments can be by any suitable form group
Close.
By taking cement-based material as an example.
The present invention provides a kind of 3D printer of cement-based material.
The 3D printer of cement-based material that the present invention is provided includes, and control system, material system, stirring system, squeezes
Go out system, xy axle systems and z-axis system, wireless transmission/reception system and input-output system.
Described control system is computer control system, and corresponding parameter is input on the interface of computer, and control is stirred
System, extrusion system, xy axle systems and z-axis system are mixed, is operated accordingly.
Described material system is used for the storage of material and quantitative conveying, including induction system and Weighing system, and with stir
Mix system connection.
Described stirring system is connected with material system, extrusion system, for the stirring of material, will material system transmission
The material stirring for coming over is uniform, and the mixed material for stirring is sent to into extrusion system.
The temporary transient storage of mixed material of the described extrusion system for stirring, and at regular time and quantity, by mixture
Material clamp-ons printing head.
The described printing head of described xy axle systems control is moved in xy direction of principal axis (i.e. horizontal direction), by mixed material
It is sprayed on the route of setting, completes printing axial in xy.
Described z-axis system includes molding powder body storage cylinder, moulding cylinder and powder-laying roller, described molding powder body storage cylinder bottom
Portion is removable first piston, and described moulding cylinder bottom is removable second piston.Powder body in molding powder body storage cylinder, one
The mixed material of the ejection in aspect, with printing head reacts, and makes cement-based material rapid condensation molding.For example, molding
The main component of powder body be sodium aluminate, sodium carbonate when, in alkaline solution rapidly with cement in Gypsum Fibrosum reaction, formed sulphuric acid
Sodium, makes Gypsum Fibrosum lose its original deferred action, so as to cause the rapid aquation of calcium aluminate mineral, and separates out its aquation in the solution
Crystalline product, so that cement-based material condenses rapidly；On the other hand, molding powder body has the effect of damming, although the present invention is greatly
The presetting period of cement-based material is reduced, the presetting period only needs the cement in a few minutes, but this few minutes clock time still to have stream
Dynamic property, the molding powder body for being not engaged in reacting plays the effect of damming, it is suppressed that the mobility of cement, further promotes cement based
The sizing of material.
Further, the material system in the 3D printer of the cement-based material that the present invention is provided is conveyed including liquid material
System, liquid material Weighing system；Or, described material system includes that liquid material induction system, liquid material weigh system
System and cement based material-transporting system, cement based material weighing system.
That is, the material system of the 3D printer of cement-based material of the present invention can only convey liquid material, it is also possible to while
Conveying liquid material and cement based material.
Further, the z-axis system of the 3D printer of the cement-based material that the present invention is provided also is collected including molding powder body
Cylinder.
Molding powder body collection cylinder herein can be collected the molding powder body for being not engaged in reacting, and by after collection
Molding powder body is applied again, it is to avoid the waste of material.
Further, the removable first piston of the 3D printer of the cement-based material that the present invention is provided and described removable
The motion of dynamic second piston in the vertical direction, and the distance that rises of described removable first piston is equal to described removable the
The distance that two pistons decline.
Herein, by may move motion a certain distance upwards of first piston, and powder-laying roller is adopted, by molding powder thing
Materials quantitative is delivered to removable second piston, and the material sprayed with printing head reacts, solidification sizing, then, removable
Dynamic second piston moves downward identical distance, and for follow-up molding powder body space is provided, and then completes continuously to shape.
Equally, by taking cement-based material as an example, the present invention provides a kind of 3D printing method of cement-based material.
Using above-mentioned 3D printer, its Method of printing is comprised the following steps.
Step one, is carried out the setting of print parameters or is printed using mobile terminal remote using input-output system
The setting of parameter.
The setting of relevant parameter is carried out using input system, and by control system control, for example, the stirring of stirring system
Time, stir speed (S.S.), the finding time of extrusion system, extrusion capacity, the movement locus of xy axle systems, movement rate, printing head
Spray volume, movement locus, the movement rate of z-axis system etc., and then control the operation of printer.
Step 2, by cement based powder body and first liquid described cement based powder material induction system and liquid are respectively placed in
In body material-transporting system, and the consumption of cement based powder body and liquid is controlled by Weighing system.
Material system now can carry out the conveying of cement based powder material and liquid material, and two kinds of material difference are defeated
Send, and two kinds of materials are weighed respectively by respective Weighing system, control the consumption and ratio of two kinds of materials.
Step 3, load weighted cement based powder body and first liquid are placed in stirring system, are stirred, and obtain first
Mixed material.
Now, a certain amount of cement based powder body and liquid are carried out into physical agitation, mix homogeneously.Liquid feed now is not
There is rapid hardening reaction with cement based powder body, otherwise affect the cement after solidification to have a strong impact on follow-up operation, and be possible to
Printer system is damaged.
Step 4, the first described mixed material is placed in extrusion system, and extrusion system is by the first described mixture
Material is placed in printing head.
Step 5, has the first molding powder body in the molding powder body storage cylinder in z-axis system, may move first piston and rises a
Distance, is uniformly layered on the first molding powder body in removable second piston using powder-laying roller, and the printing head on xy axle systems will
The first described mixed material is printed upon being covered with the removable second piston of the first molding powder body, the first mixed material and first
There is chemical reaction in molding powder body, solidification sizing may move second piston and decline a distances；Repeat step five, be to control is completed
The parameter of the object to be printed set in system, stops printing, and removes extra powder, and surface polishing obtains object to be printed.
Further, the cement based material described in above-mentioned Method of printing includes general-purpose cement, cement special, extraordinary water
One or more mixture in mud, bone cement, magnesia oxychloride cement.
Cement i.e. of the invention is existing cement, it is preferred that cement based material can also include Gypsum Fibrosum, sand, stone, and
The solid waste such as cinder, slag, may advantageously facilitate the solidification of cement based material.Preferably, the grain of cement based material of the present invention
Footpath is less than 0.5mm.On the one hand, total surface area of cement based material is improve, and then increases cement based material and accelerator
Response area, accelerate reaction rate, improve rapid hardening effect；On the other hand, make the surface of obtained object more smooth, thin
It is greasy, attractive in appearance, make follow-up polishing program simpler.
Described first liquid is water.Just it has been observed that first liquid now tries not that speed occurs with cement based material
Solidifying reaction.
The first described molding powder body includes solid-state accelerator.
, on the one hand there is chemical reaction, solidification sizing with the first mixed material in solid-state accelerator now；On the other hand,
Play a part of to dam.
Solid-state accelerator now is, 1, the accelerator with alkali-metal aluminate, carbonate etc. as main component；2nd, with
Alkali-free, the low alkali accelerator for main component such as calcium sulphoaluminate, sodium aluminate, calcium aluminate and aluminum sulfate；3rd, a certain amount of alcohol is added
Amine (monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, alkanolamine), polyhydric alcohol (ethylene glycol, glycerol), organic acid (citric acid,
Oxalic acid), polyacrylamide, the Inorganic whisker type accelerator of carboxylic acid etc. etc..Above-mentioned accelerator can greatly reduce cement based
The presetting period of material so that the presetting period of cement-based material be a few minutes, even less than 1 minute.
Further, described mixing time is 2-4min.Stirring now is to be stirred cement based material and liquid
Mix.
The invention provides the 3D printing method of another kind of cement-based material.
Step one, is carried out the setting of print parameters or is printed using mobile terminal remote using input-output system
The setting of parameter, and by control system control；Step 2, second liquid is placed in described liquid material induction system,
And the consumption of second liquid is controlled by Weighing system.
Now, material-transporting system is only stored, conveys a certain amount of liquid material.
Step 3, load weighted second liquid is placed in stirring system, is stirred, and obtains the second mixed material；Step
Rapid four, the second described mixed material is placed in extrusion system, the second described mixed material is placed in printing by extrusion system
In shower nozzle；Step 5, has the second molding powder body in the molding powder body storage cylinder in z-axis system, removable first in z-axis system
Piston rises b distances, the second molding powder body is uniformly layered in removable second piston using powder-laying roller, beating on xy axle systems
Print shower nozzle is printed upon the second described mixed material to be covered with the removable second piston of the second molding powder body, the second mixture
There is chemical reaction in material, solidification sizing may move second piston and decline b distances with the second molding powder body；Repeat step five, it is extremely complete
The parameter of the object to be printed set in control system, stops printing, and removes extra powder, and surface polishing obtains waiting to beat
Print object.
Further, described second liquid is water and liquid accelerating agent.
Liquid accelerating agent now is, 1, the alkali-free chlorine-free liquid rapid hardening developed of China Building Material Scientific Research General Institute
Agent, main component has aluminum sulfate, mineral acid, polyhydric alcohol, organic amine and complexant；2nd, China Railway Tunnel Group Co develops
Alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, main component has aluminum sulfate, aluminium hydroxide, Fluohydric acid., waterglass, stabilizer etc..
The second described molding powder body includes general-purpose cement, cement special, special cement, bone cement, magnesia oxychloride cement
In one or more mixture.
Further, described mixing time is 10-120s.Stirring now is to be stirred water with liquid accelerating agent
Mix.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printer and its Method of printing of cement-based material.The 3D printing that the present embodiment is provided
Machine is as shown in figure 1, the front view of the z-axis system of the 3D printer of the present embodiment cement-based material is as shown in Fig. 2 the present embodiment water
The top view of the z-axis system of the 3D printer of cement-based material is as shown in Figure 3.
Step one, is carried out the setting of print parameters or is printed using mobile terminal remote using input-output system
The setting of parameter, and by control system control.
The mixing time of stirring system is 1min, stir speed (S.S.) is 90 turns/min, and the rate of extrusion of extrusion system is 3mm/
S, it is 1mm to arrange and print thickness, and fill pattern is grid filling, and packed density is 30%, and print speed is 70mm/s, empty walking speed
Degree 100mm/s.And corresponding parameter command is transmitted to corresponding system by network, and then control the operation of printer.
Step 2, the moulding cylinder that powder-laying roller 1 uniformly paves the molding powder body 2 in powder body storage cylinder 4 in moulding cylinder 6
Removable second piston 3b on, unnecessary molding powder body is fallen in powder body collection cylinder 7, and repeatable is utilized.Printing head 5 will
The cement-based material of mix homogeneously is immersed in molding powder body, and molding powder body reacts with cement-based material, and rapid solidification is simultaneously
Form intensity.The removable first piston 3a climb 1mm of powder body storage cylinder, the removable second piston 3b synchronization of moulding cylinder
Dropping distance 1mm, then powder-laying roller 1 molding powder body is uniformly paved on the sample 8 for having printed a layer again, print spray
5 are again immersed in the cement-based material of mix homogeneously in molding powder body, and so on print complete sample 8.
Step 3：The unnecessary molding powder body on printed sample surface is purged with air compressor, perceived model precision is carried out suitably
Surface treatment, obtain printer model, complete print.
Material system in the present embodiment includes liquid material induction system, liquid material Weighing system and cement based material
Induction system, cement based material weighing system.Wherein, the conveying of liquid material system for water, weighed amount is 20kg；Solid material
System conveying for magnesia oxychloride cement, ground slag powder, Plant fiber uniform compound, maximum particle diameter be less than 0.5mm,
Weighed amount is 120kg.
Molding powder body in the present embodiment is iso standard sand and fly ash grain.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of Method of printing of the 3D printer of cement-based material.
Step one, is carried out the setting of print parameters or is printed using mobile terminal remote using input-output system
The setting of parameter, and by control system control.
The mixing time of stirring system is 2min, stir speed (S.S.) is 50 turns/min, and the rate of extrusion of extrusion system is 2mm/
S, it is 2mm to arrange and print thickness, and fill pattern is straight line filling, and packed density is 20%, and print speed is 50mm/s, empty walking speed
Degree 80mm/s.Corresponding parameter command is transmitted to corresponding system by network, and then controls the operation of printer.
Step 2, the moulding cylinder that powder-laying roller 1 uniformly paves the molding powder body 2 in powder body storage cylinder 4 in moulding cylinder 6
Removable second piston 3b on, unnecessary molding powder body is fallen in powder body collection cylinder 7, and repeatable is utilized.Printing head 5 will
The fluent material of mix homogeneously is immersed in molding powder body, and molding powder body reacts with liquid material, and rapid solidification is simultaneously formed
Intensity.The removable first piston 3a of powder body storage cylinder rises 2mm, and removable second piston 3b of moulding cylinder synchronously declines 2mm,
Then powder-laying roller 1 again uniformly paves molding powder body on the sample 8 for having printed a layer, and printing head 5 will mix equal
Even liquid is immersed in again in molding powder body, and so on prints complete sample 8.
Step 3：The unnecessary molding powder body on printed sample surface is purged with air compressor, perceived model precision is carried out suitably
Surface treatment, obtain printer model, complete the printing of phase-changing energy storage material.
Material system in the present embodiment includes liquid material induction system and liquid material Weighing system.Wherein, liquid
Material water and liquid accelerating agent, the weighed amount of water is 50kg, and liquid accelerating agent is China Building Material Scientific Research General Institute development
Alkali-free chlorine-free liquid accelerator, weighed amount is 13kg.
Molding powder body in the present embodiment is the mixture of Portland cement, paraffin and polyethylene particle, and particle diameter is not
More than 2cm.
Heretofore described numerical range includes all of numerical value in the range of this, and including any two in the range of this
The value range of numerical value composition.For example, " mixing time is 10-120s ", this numerical range includes all of numerical value between 10-120,
And including any two numerical value in the range of this (for example：20th, the value range (20-50) for 50) constituting；All embodiments of the invention
The different numerical value of the same index of middle appearance, can in any combination, compositing range value.
Technical characteristic in the claims in the present invention and/or description can be combined, and its compound mode is not limited to power
The combination that profit is obtained in requiring by adduction relationship.It is combined by the technical characteristic in claim and/or description
The technical scheme for arriving, is also protection scope of the present invention.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any pro forma restriction is not made to the present invention, according to
According to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that the technical spirit of the present invention is made to above example, this is still fallen within
In the range of bright technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 3D printer, it is characterised in that：
Described printer include control system, material system, stirring system, extrusion system, xy axle systems and z-axis system,
Wireless transmission/reception system and input-output system, wherein,
Described control system is used to control stirring system, extrusion system, xy axle systems and z-axis system；
Described material system includes material-transporting system and Weighing system, is connected with stirring system；
Described stirring system is used for the stirring of material, is connected with material system, extrusion system；
Described extrusion system is used for the mixed material that extrusion stirs, and mixed material is clamp-oned into printing head；
The described printing head of described xy axle systems control is moved in xy direction of principal axis；
Described z-axis system includes molding powder body storage cylinder, moulding cylinder and powder-laying roller, and described molding powder body storage cylinder bottom is
Removable first piston, described moulding cylinder bottom is removable second piston.
2. a kind of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described material system includes liquid material induction system, liquid material Weighing system；Or,
Described material system includes liquid material induction system, liquid material Weighing system and powder material induction system, powder
Body material weighing system, described powder material is construction material.
3. a kind of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described z-axis system also includes molding powder body collection cylinder.
4. a kind of 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described removable first piston and described removable second piston in the vertical direction motion, and it is described removable
The distance that first piston rises is equal to the distance that described removable second piston declines.
5. a kind of 3D printer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Described construction material is cement based material or Gypsum Fibrosum material.
6. a kind of 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：
Using the printer any one of claim 1-5,
Step one, carries out the setting of print parameters or using mobile terminal remote carries out print parameters using input-output system
Setting；
Step 2, is respectively placed in powder material and first liquid material described powder material induction system and liquid material is defeated
In sending system, and the consumption of powder material and first liquid material is controlled by Weighing system；
Step 3, load weighted powder material and first liquid material are placed in stirring system, are stirred, and are obtained first and are mixed
Compound material；
Step 4, the first described mixed material is placed in extrusion system, and extrusion system puts the first described mixed material
In xy axle systems；
Step 5, has the first molding powder body in the molding powder body storage cylinder in z-axis system, may move first piston and rises a distances,
The first molding powder body is uniformly layered in removable second piston using powder-laying roller, the printing head on xy axle systems will be described
First mixed material is printed upon being covered with the removable second piston of the first molding powder body, the first mixed material and the first shaping powder
There is chemical reaction in body, solidification sizing, second piston declines a distances；
Repeat step five, to the parameter of the object to be printed for completing to be set in control system, stops printing,
Extra powder is removed, surface treatment obtains object to be printed,
Described powder material is cement based material or Gypsum Fibrosum material, and described first liquid is water, the first described shaping powder
Body includes the one kind or several in solid-state accelerator, second series cement, the 3rd series cement, bone cement and magnesia oxychloride cement
Kind.
7. a kind of 3D printing method, it is characterised in that：
Using the printer any one of claim 1-5,
Step one, carries out the setting of print parameters or using mobile terminal remote carries out print parameters using input-output system
Setting；
Step 2, second liquid material is placed in described liquid material induction system, and controls second by Weighing system
The consumption of liquid material；
Step 3, load weighted second liquid material is placed in stirring system, is stirred, and obtains the second mixed material；
Step 4, the second described mixed material is placed in extrusion system, and extrusion system puts the second described mixed material
In xy axle systems；
Step 5, has the second molding powder body in the molding powder body storage cylinder in z-axis system, and removable first in z-axis system lives
B distances are risen beyond the Great Wall, and the second molding powder body is uniformly layered on using powder-laying roller for the printing in removable second piston, on xy axle systems
Shower nozzle is printed upon the second described mixed material to be covered with the removable second piston of the second molding powder body, the second mixed material
There is chemical reaction with the second molding powder body, solidification sizing may move second piston and decline b distances；
Repeat step five, to the parameter of the object to be printed for completing to be set in control system, stops printing,
Extra powder is removed, surface treatment obtains object to be printed,
Described second liquid is water and liquid accelerating agent；
The second described molding powder body is cement based powder body or gypsum powder body.
8. a kind of 3D printing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
Described cement based material includes common portland cement, cement special, special cement, bone cement, magnesia oxychloride cement
In one or more mixture.
9. a kind of 3D printing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
Described mixing time is 2-4min.
10. a kind of 3D printing method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
Described mixing time is 10-120s.
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| CN106671245B (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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