CN106670600B - A kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper - Google Patents

A kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106670600B
CN106670600B CN201710135172.3A CN201710135172A CN106670600B CN 106670600 B CN106670600 B CN 106670600B CN 201710135172 A CN201710135172 A CN 201710135172A CN 106670600 B CN106670600 B CN 106670600B
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drainage block
cathode
block
clamp body
electrode tip
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CN106670600A (en
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孙伦业
张星光
周庆宏
王龙
张正
黄绍服
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clampers, belong to Electrolyzed Processing field.Apparatus of the present invention include pedestal, top cover labyrinth, electrode tip, cathode rod, drainage block and sealing device.Ring type seal is equipped in the contact surface of leaf dish blank and pedestal and top cover labyrinth, upper cover plate is connect with clamp body by stud and wing nut, airtight and watertight padding has been dosed between electrode stem and sealing nut, leaf dish blank is using finger setting and with screws clamp on clamp body.During processing, electrode is spinned along its axial direction and is moved, while drains block and fed with electrode synchronous linear.The present invention solves the problems, such as that electrolyte leakage and flow field are disorderly during leaf dish blade grid passage screwfeed Electrolyzed Processing, suitable for aero-engine leaf dish and the Electrolyzed Processing of similar parts.

Description

A kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clampers, belong to blisk Electrolyzed Processing neck Domain, more particularly to a kind of aero-engine blisk screwfeed Electrolyzed Processing field.
Background technology
With the fast development of aircraft industry, the development of the aero-engine as aircraft heart is increasingly taken seriously, And thrust-weight ratio is one of important indicator of engine evaluated performance, it is whole in order to mitigate the construction weight of engine and number of parts Body component is more and more widely used.Kernel component of the blisk as aero-engine, eliminates traditional Locking plate and tongue-and-groove connection mode, blade and wheel disc are combined into one, and the leaf dish being originally made of hundreds of parts is reduced to One part, makes the weight saving, structure optimization, reliability of aero-engine enhance.On the other hand, blade profile of integrated bladed disk Ultra-thin distortion, channel is narrow between leaf and the features such as leaf dish material high rigidity makes the manufacture of blisk face extreme difficulties.
Electrolyzed Processing be based on metal anode dissolution mechanism removal material a kind of processing method, have tool it is lossless, Do not influenced by material mechanical performance, without cutting force and it is high in machining efficiency the advantages that, suitable for the processing and manufacturing of difficult-to-machine material. Blisk uses electrolysis to add mostly using hard-cutting materials such as high-temperature titanium alloy, nickel base superalloy and intermetallic compounds Work method has special advantage.
Blisk Electrolyzed Processing is generally divided into two procedures:Blade grid passage preprocessing and blade profile finishing.Leaf grating Channel preprocessing be preformed on leaf dish blank with blade profile close to blade grid passage, provide and put for subsequent finishing It puts the space of type face electrode and reserves uniform allowance.Therefore, the processing quality of blade grid passage is improved, meets complexity The manufacture requirement of face blisk, is always one of key content for carrying out electrochemical Machining Technology research.Leaf dish electricity as a whole The first step of processing is solved, the preprocessing of blade grid passage has great importance, if excellent processing cannot be established in the process Basis can not just finish out qualified impeller blade.
At present, blisk blade grid passage electrolytic processing process mainly includes:Jacking Electrolyzed Processing, profiling Electrolyzed Processing, Numerical control Electrolyzed Processing and radial feed Electrolyzed Processing.Jacking electric machining is only limited to the blisk of processing uniformly shaped blade, can not Process the blisk of variable cross-section twisted blade.Profiling Electrolyzed Processing is suitable for processing straight distortion type face, but the technology adds A kind of leaf dish of work corresponds to a kind of specific profiling jig and pattern, and versatility is not strong, and the production cycle prepares longer, processing flexibility etc. Aspect is to be improved.Numerical control Electrolyzed Processing is a kind of processing side for combining electrochemical Machining Technology with computer numerical control technology Method, but it is only limited to the blisk of processing straight applicable surface, and its tool-electrode uses hollow and thin-walled structure, in high-voltage electricity It solves and is also easy to produce deformation under the washing away of liquid.Radial direction Electrolyzed Processing uses molding cathode movable linearly, and formed precision is high, but only fits For processing the preferable blade grid passage of opening character, it is difficult to the blade grid passage of processing type face complexity distortion.Number of patent application is 201410013249.6 Chinese invention patent disclose it is a kind of can straight line with rotation combined feed blisk Electrolyzed Processing Tool is made of clamp body, drainage cover body, cathode, solves that electrolyte flow field is disorderly from principle and Follow-up seal Problem, make it possible molding cathode radial rotary feed, but and its cylindrical cavity by clamp body upper cover and clamp body bottom Two semi-cylindricals composition on seat is rigidity fitting contact between clamp body and leaf dish and cathode, in elevated pressures Under the conditions of, electrolyte leakage can be generated, electrolyte inside flow field is caused to lack liquid, and the interior lumen type face of its servo-actuated drainage hood is more multiple Miscellaneous, difficulty of processing is big, and applicability is bad.Therefore there is an urgent need to find one kind disclosure satisfy that can straight line with rotation combined feed electrolysis The fixture of processing can meet during tool-electrode feeding Follow-up seal and the problem of disorderly electrolyte flow field, simultaneously should Device should also have good versatility.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed Electrolyzed Processing folders Tool, the electrolyte cavity of the device are cylindrical cavity, and electrode stem is packed into from side and to pass through the progress of cathode rod seal apparatus close Envelope can cause tool cathode in the blade grid passage of radial direction screwfeed processing blisk, fixture electrolyte inside flow field It remains stable, while can also ensure that between clamp body and leaf dish and clamp body and movement cathode be not in electrolyte Leakage so as to which synchronous processing goes out impeller, blade back and the wheel hub of big distortion integral wheel blade grid passage, makes reserved allowance for finish It is evenly distributed, and the device fabricates simpler relative to existing apparatus more compact structure.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme.
The electrolytic machining clamper is made of clamp body, drainage block, tool cathode and cathode rod seal apparatus;
The clamp body is made of sealing upper cover, pedestal, clamping device, guide pad;Sealing upper cover and clamp body pass through folder Tight device clamps;Clamping device is formed by the stud that is mounted on clamp body and for the wing nut of clamping;In sealing on lid Groove is provided with, is conformed on clamp body, the two forms the cooperation similar to key and keyway;Clamp body and sealing upper cover and impeller Contact surface be equipped with a ring annular groove, sealing ring is housed inside groove;Two guide pads are mounted on pedestal by holding screw Cylindrical cavity in.
The drainage block is made of upper drainage block and lower drainage block;It is provided with thereon matched with tool cathode front end protrusion Groove is connect with tool cathode, outer surface and fixture intracoelomic cavity clearance fit;It is upper drainage block lower surface and it is lower drainage block it is upper Respectively with the upper and lower surface clearance fit of guide pad, drainage block inner surface is the outside cylinder of small―gap suture attaching tools cathode on surface Face, inner face are the swept surface of small―gap suture attaching tools cathode face rotary motion trace;When tool cathode rotates, leading portion is dashed forward Rise can drainage block groove in rotate, tool cathode move linearly when its front end protrusion by drain the groove on block with Drain block linear motion.
The tool cathode is made of electrode tip and cathode rod;The electrode tip front end is equipped with and drainage block gap cooperation Protrusion, side is the arc surface coordinated with the intermittent motion of fixture base cylindrical cavity, and is in its side non-electrolytic processing sections Insulating coating;The cathode rod rear end is equipped with the positioning reference plane for determining electrode tip revolution zero, and front end passes through positioning table Rank and screw are clamped with electrode tip positioning.
The cathode rod seal apparatus is made of a set of cups, adjusting nut, airtight and watertight padding;The a set of cups front end is and clamp body The cylindrical surface of inner cavity interference fit, end face is connect by flange and nut with clamp body;The adjusting nut side is equipped with screw thread, And the screw thread for passing through side is connect with a set of cups, centre is the inner cylinder face of one and cathode rod clearance fit;The airtight and watertight padding shape Shape is annular, is seated between a set of cups and adjusting nut.
The liquid form of the screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper electrolyte is servo-actuated lateral flow type;I.e. described electrode tip is by fixture The cylindrical cavity of body is divided into two chambers in left and right, and electrolyte enters left chamber by the import on clamp body, flows through electrode tip and blade Between gap, then via clamp body have right chamber from clamp body outlet flow out.
Method using the screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper Electrolyzed Processing blisk is as follows,
Step 1 works good the groove on upper drainage block and lower drainage block with electrode tip, from the rear portion of clamp body pedestal It penetrates forward so that above drain the lower surface of block and the upper surface upper following table with guide pad and guide pad two respectively of lower drainage block Face contacts, and the tail portion for covering cup edge cathode rod is penetrated the inner cavity of pedestal and is screwed, recharges appropriate airtight and watertight padding, most Adjusting nut along the tail portion of cathode rod is penetrated afterwards, is connect by screw thread with a set of cups, and adjusts adjusting nut to appropriate position;
Step 2 correctly connects the kinematic axis of the tail end of electrode stem and electrolysis unit, ensure it is coaxial, then by fixture base It is fixed with lathe;
Leaf dish blank to be processed is correctly placed in being made of upper drainage block and lower drainage block for pan frontward end by step 3 In the notch of the leaf dish blank equal thickness, then upper cover and base engagement will be sealed, and tighten wing nut, leaf dish blank is pressed from both sides Tightly;
Step 4, leads to electrolyte, and electrolyte enters left side cavity from the entrance of pedestal, passes through electrode end surface and blade The gap of side, finally from the outlet outflow on the cavity of right side;
Step 5 connects Electrolyzed Processing power supply, starts numerical control electrolytic machining device, and electrode tip drives drainage block to draw under It itself also rotates while flowing block straight-line feed, so as to fulfill screwfeed campaign;
Step 6, single blade grid passage machine, and disconnect Electrolyzed Processing power supply, electrode tip retracts initial position, to leaf Disk blank is indexed, and prepares to start the processing of next blade grid passage.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, rotation and straight line combined feed Electrolyzed Processing of a kind of sealing effect preferably based on steady flow condition is given to press from both sides Tool.Compared with prior art, described device is provided with seal groove on fixture base and top cover labyrinth and the contact surface of impeller side, Equipped with ring-shaped rubber sealing ring in slot, instead of existing pure rigid contact;It is equipped between cathode rod and fixture base simultaneously Cathode rod seal apparatus, which can adjust airtight and watertight padding to suitable tightness by adjusting nut, to prevent filler Electrolyte leakage or filler tension cause cathode rod movement to occur creeping or stuck caused by crossing pine.
2nd, the inner cavity of the device clamp body pedestal is pressed from both sides using monolithic construction compared to existing split type structure Tool, base intracavity do not have the fitting surface of side, this to be easily achieved higher assembly precision between pedestal and cathode, so Which reduce the fit-up gaps brought during split type structure assembling, have better seal and kinematic accuracy, while this whole Body formula pedestal possesses higher structural strength and better machinability, is conducive to large-scale use and popularization.
3rd, the drainage block of the device is independent open type, and the upper drainage hood of the prior art and lower drainage hood is are bonded in one The monolithic construction risen, and pass through screw and assembled with cathode.In contrast, the packaged timing of the drainage of the present apparatus only need to will drain block On groove and electrode tip protrusion match the assembling that can be realized therebetween, this not only reduces parts counts, also contract Short assembly time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole tomograph of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the motion structure cut away view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrode tip of the present invention and drainage block cooperation figure;
Fig. 4 is the electrode tip tomograph of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the drainage block tomograph of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the top cover labyrinth tomograph of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the pedestal tomograph of the present invention.
Figure label:1. positioning base;2. pedestal;3. two-way joint;4. electrode tip;5. airtight and watertight padding;6. adjusting nut; 7. cathode rod;8. a set of cups;9. top cover labyrinth;10. wing nut;11. stud;12. block is drained on;13. guide pad;14. leaf dish Blank;15. drain block medial surface;16. drain block groove;17. drain block inner face;18. electrode end surface;19. electrode rostral Face;20. electrode tip groove;21. electrode tip is raised;22. positioning reference plane;23. guide pad two;24. lower drainage block;25. annular Seal groove;26. inner cavity;27. liquid outlet;Section before 28.;29. pedestal lobe;30. inlet;31. top cover labyrinth groove;32. Lower section;33. seal groove;34. holding screw.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the technical means, creative features, achievable purpose and effectiveness for being realized the present invention are easy to understand, below It in conjunction with specific embodiments and illustrates, the present invention is further explained.
As shown in the figure, the device include positioning base 1, leaf dish blank 14, pedestal 2, top cover labyrinth 9, it is upper drainage block 12, under Drainage block 24, guide pad 13, guide pad 2 23, electrode tip 4, cathode rod 7, a set of cups 8, airtight and watertight padding 5, adjusting nut 6 and two are logical Connector 3.
The preparation of the Electrolyzed Processing electrode tip 4 of the present invention.As shown in the figure, electrode tip 4 is using conductive and corrosion-resistant material It is made, such as various stainless steel alloys.Can be according to the difference of blade grid passage cross sectional shape, whether the side of determining electrode head Do insulation processing;Electrode end surface 18 and its tail-holder end face are the circular arc with base cylindrical shape inner cavity clearance fit;Electrode tip Protrusion 21 and 16 clearance fit of drainage block groove;19 shape of electrode tip side changes with blade side shape so that electrode tip 4 The surplus of Electrolyzed Processing blade grid passage is minimum when being fed by given route, and electrode tip side 19 cannot be with the leaf of machined mistake Piece side interferes;The shape of electrode end surface is consistent with the shape of leaf dish wheel hub to be processed.
The preparation of block 12 and lower drainage block 24 is drained in the present invention.Upper drainage block 12 and lower drainage block 24 use asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin The insulating materials such as fat, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramics are made, and coordinate, and pass through guide pad 13 and guide pad two with electrode tip protrusion 21 23 keep its linear motion;Its lateral surface is the cylindrical surface with 26 clearance fit of base intracavity, and drainage block medial surface 15 is and electricity The arc surface that cartridge groove 20 coordinates, drainage block inner face 17 move that scan the curved surface to be formed consistent with electrode end surface;Drainage Depending on the angle of the initial position and rotation of the position of block groove and length foundation electrode tip 4, ensure 4 screwfeed of electrode tip Upper drainage block 12 and lower drainage block 24 are fed with its synchronous linear simultaneously, are moved between the two and are not interfered.
Pedestal 2 and top cover labyrinth 9 of the present invention are made of insulating materials such as epoxy resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramics, described Pedestal 2 uses monolithic construction, and inner cavity 26 coordinates with electrode tip back seat side clearance, and preceding section 28 is and leaf dish outer diameter phase Same arc surface, and it is provided with annular seal groove 25 on it;Top cover labyrinth 9 be equipped with match with pedestal lobe 29 and groove 31, For location sealing, seal groove 33 also is provided on its bottom surface.
The preparation of guide pad 13 and guide pad 2 23 of the present invention, uses the insulation such as epoxy resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramics Material is made, and upper and lower end face is flushed with the upper and lower end face of blade, and upper drainage block 12 and the lower block 24 that drains are along guide pad 13, guiding The plane and straight line movement that block 2 23 and vane end faces are formed, inner cavity 26 is fixed on the mode of holding screw 34 or gluing On.
The cathode rod seal apparatus of the present invention is designed using adjustable nut, can adjust airtight and watertight padding 5 by adjusting nut 6 Consolidation, be made of the insulating materials such as epoxy resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramics.
The present invention electrolyte flow field be by inner cavity 26, electrode tip 4, leaf dish blank 14, top cover labyrinth 9, guide pad 13 and The servo-actuated closed cavity that guide pad 2 23 forms, the spatial position of front space constantly promotes, but the shape in its flow field Shape is stablized constant.
Process using present clip Electrolyzed Processing blisk is as follows:
Step 1, by it is upper drainage 12 pieces and it is lower drain block 24 on groove work good with electrode tip, from clamp body pedestal 2 Rear portion penetrates forward so that above drain block 12 lower surface and it is lower drainage block 24 upper surface respectively with guide pad 13 and guide pad 2 23 upper and lower surface contact, penetrates the inner cavity 26 of pedestal 2 by the tail portion of a set of cups 8 along cathode rod 7 and is screwed, recharge Appropriate airtight and watertight padding 5 finally penetrates adjusting nut 6 along the tail portion of cathode rod 7, is connect, and adjust with a set of cups 8 by screw thread Adjusting nut 6 arrives appropriate position;
Step 2 correctly connects the kinematic axis of the tail end of electrode stem 7 and electrolysis unit, ensures coaxially, then fixture is determined Position pedestal 1 is fixed with lathe;
Step 3, by leaf dish blank 14 to be processed be correctly placed in pan frontward end by it is upper drainage 12 pieces and it is lower drainage block 24 Composition the notch with 14 equal thickness of leaf dish blank in, then by sealing upper cover 9 coordinate with pedestal 2, tighten wing nut 10, Leaf dish blank 14 is clamped;
Step 4 leads to electrolyte, and electrolyte enters left side cavity from the inlet 30 of pedestal, pass through electrode end surface with The gap of 14 side of blade leaf dish blank, finally flows out from the inlet 27 on the cavity of right side;
Step 5, connect Electrolyzed Processing power supply, start numerical control electrolytic machining device, electrode tip 4 drive on drainage 12 pieces and It itself rotates while lower drainage 24 straight-line feed of block, so as to fulfill screwfeed campaign;
Step 6, single blade grid passage machine, and disconnect Electrolyzed Processing power supply, and electrode tip 4 retracts initial position, leaf dish Blank 14 is indexed, and prepares to start the processing of next blade grid passage.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should Understand, the present invention is not restricted by the embodiments, and the description in the embodiment and specification only illustrates the present invention Principle, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these change and change Into all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its equivalent It defines.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper, it is characterised in that:
The electrolytic machining clamper is made of clamp body, drainage block, tool cathode and cathode rod seal apparatus;
The clamp body is made of sealing upper cover, pedestal, clamping device, guide pad;Upper cover and clamp body is sealed to fill by clamping Put clamping;Clamping device is formed by the stud that is mounted on clamp body and for the wing nut of clamping;It is provided on lid in sealing Groove is conformed on clamp body, and the two forms the cooperation similar to key and keyway;Clamp body and sealing upper cover and impeller connect Contacting surface is equipped with a ring annular groove, and sealing ring is housed inside groove;Two guide pads are mounted on the circle of pedestal by holding screw In cylindrical inner chamber;
The drainage block is made of upper drainage block and lower drainage block;It is provided with thereon and the matched groove of tool cathode front end protrusion It is connect with tool cathode, outer surface and fixture intracoelomic cavity clearance fit;The lower surface of upper drainage block and the upper surface of lower drainage block Respectively with the upper and lower surface clearance fit of drainage block guide pad, drainage block inner surface is the outside cylinder of small―gap suture attaching tools cathode Face, inner face are the swept surface of small―gap suture attaching tools cathode face rotary motion trace;When tool cathode rotates, leading portion is dashed forward Rise can drainage block groove in rotate, tool cathode move linearly when its front end protrusion by drain the groove on block with Drain block linear motion;
The tool cathode is made of electrode tip and cathode rod;The electrode tip front end is equipped with prominent with drainage block gap cooperation It rises, side is the arc surface coordinated with the intermittent motion of fixture base cylindrical cavity, and is exhausted in its side non-electrolytic processing sections Edge coating;The cathode rod rear end is equipped with the positioning reference plane for determining electrode tip revolution zero, and front end passes through positioning step It is clamped with screw and electrode tip positioning;
The cathode rod seal apparatus is made of a set of cups, adjusting nut, airtight and watertight padding;The a set of cups front end is and fixture intracoelomic cavity The cylindrical surface of interference fit, end face are connect by flange and nut with clamp body;The adjusting nut side is equipped with screw thread, and leads to The screw thread for crossing side is connect with a set of cups, and centre is the inner cylinder face of one and cathode rod clearance fit;The airtight and watertight padding shape is Annular is seated between a set of cups and adjusting nut;
The method of the whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper processing blisk is as follows:
Step 1 works good the groove on upper drainage block and lower drainage block with electrode tip, from the rear portion of clamp body pedestal forward It penetrates so that above drain the upper and lower surface of the lower surface and the lower upper surface for draining block of block respectively with guide pad and guide pad two and connect It touches, the tail portion for covering cup edge cathode rod is penetrated into the inner cavity of pedestal and is screwed, recharge appropriate airtight and watertight padding, finally will Adjusting nut is penetrated along the tail portion of cathode rod, is connect by screw thread with a set of cups, and adjusts adjusting nut to appropriate position;
Step 2 correctly connects the kinematic axis of the tail end of electrode stem and electrolysis unit, ensure it is coaxial, then by fixture base and machine Bed is fixed;
Step 3, by leaf dish blank to be processed be correctly placed in pan frontward end by it is upper drainage block and it is lower drainage block form with institute In the notch for stating leaf dish blank equal thickness, then upper cover and base engagement will be sealed, and tighten wing nut, leaf dish blank is clamped;
Step 4, leads to electrolyte, and electrolyte enters left side cavity from the entrance of pedestal, passes through electrode end surface and blade side Gap, finally from the cavity of right side outlet outflow;
Step 5 connects Electrolyzed Processing power supply, starts numerical control electrolytic machining device, and electrode tip drives drainage block and lower drainage block Itself also rotates while straight-line feed, so as to fulfill screwfeed campaign;
Step 6, single blade grid passage machine, and disconnect Electrolyzed Processing power supply, electrode tip retracts initial position, to leaf dish hair Base is indexed, and prepares to start the processing of next blade grid passage.
CN201710135172.3A 2017-03-09 2017-03-09 A kind of whole inner cavity screwfeed electrolytic machining clamper Active CN106670600B (en)

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CN110142472B (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-05-12 安徽理工大学 Method for machining large-distortion blade disc by cathode electrolysis of variable-section inner cavity tool
CN110524071B (en) * 2019-08-30 2020-09-08 中国航发动力股份有限公司 Precise electrolytic machining method for variable cross-section blade
CN112025011B (en) * 2020-07-24 2022-01-07 合肥工业大学 Electrochemical machining tool for flexible parts
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