CN106658223B - Video uplink transmission method and device under Long Term Evolution (LTE) network - Google Patents
Video uplink transmission method and device under Long Term Evolution (LTE) network Download PDFInfo
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- CN106658223B CN106658223B CN201510737293.6A CN201510737293A CN106658223B CN 106658223 B CN106658223 B CN 106658223B CN 201510737293 A CN201510737293 A CN 201510737293A CN 106658223 B CN106658223 B CN 106658223B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6181—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a mobile phone network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/2383—Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64746—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client
- H04N21/64761—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server
- H04N21/64776—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server for requesting retransmission, e.g. of data packets lost or corrupted during transmission from server
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- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a video uplink transmission method and a device under a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting a video file, wherein the video file comprises a plurality of group of pictures (GOP), and the GOP comprises a plurality of video frames; adding redundant packets to the coded video frames according to the data transmission condition and the positions of the video frames in the GOP, wherein the redundant packets are sequentially reduced from front to back in the GOP; and generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet, and sending the data packet to a base station. The scheme of the invention adjusts the size of the video frame redundant packet according to the data transmission condition of the channel and the importance parameter of the video frame, reduces the time delay, improves the video transmission quality and improves the user experience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of network and communication multimedia, in particular to a video uplink transmission method and device in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network.
Background
In the transmission process of the real-time video, when the code rate of the real-time video exceeds the bearing capacity of the current network, the data packet is lost, and the video quality is reduced. When real-time video is transmitted on a wireless network, a core network and an access network are influenced by factors such as the number of network bandwidth access users and the service volume, and are influenced by parameters such as the channel capacity of the wireless network, the channel error rate and the received signal strength on a wireless side, so that the fluctuation is large.
Currently, real-time video transmission generally adopts a real-time code stream control strategy by using real-time transport control Protocol (RTCP) feedback information, calculates a current network condition according to packet loss rate information in an RTCP receiving report, and adjusts an encoding code rate and an encoding frame rate. However, the method for real-time code stream control by using RTCP protocol feedback information has a certain time lag, and has poor user experience in a certain period of time, the RTCP information feedback requires a period of time, and a proper video stream cannot be transmitted in the period of time, so that a good user experience can be obtained after a long time; meanwhile, if the network condition becomes better, the sending end cannot be adjusted in time. This situation is more pronounced in a wireless environment.
Therefore, in order to reduce the adverse effects of video data loss and errors on the decoding quality, some error control techniques are needed to improve the reliability of video data transmission over the network, wherein two approaches are generally adopted: automatic repeat request (ARQ) and Forward Error Correction (FEC). ARQ guarantees the reliability of the data through a feedback response mode, when a receiving end correctly receives the data, the receiving end must send confirmation information to a sending end, otherwise, the sending end retransmits the data until the sending end receives the confirmation information and then sends new data. The method has the advantages that the correctness of the data can be ensured, but a lot of resources of a sending end are consumed, and the delay is long; FEC detects and corrects data errors by generating some redundant data, and although FEC wastes some network bandwidth, it has a short delay. FEC generally has advantages when packet loss is large; ARQ has advantages in small packet loss with small time delay.
Therefore, FEC is used in combination with ARQ, i.e. Hybrid automatic repeat reQuest (HARQ). The basic principle of HARQ is as follows: 1. correcting the correctable part of all errors at the receiving end by using an FEC technology; 2. judging data packets which can not correct errors through error detection; 3. and discarding the data packet which can not be corrected, and requesting the transmitting terminal to resend the same data packet.
However, the HARQ strategy is not suitable for end-to-end real-time video transmission in some scenarios, such as the real-time video call has a very high requirement on delay, and the video delay is greatly increased by retransmission, which greatly reduces user experience. Meanwhile, in a Time Division Long Term Evolution (TD LTE) environment, the uplink bandwidth allocation is smaller than the downlink bandwidth, and video redundancy is increased by using FEC to transmit video, so that the FEC is not ideal when the network bandwidth is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for video uplink transmission in a long term evolution LTE network, where the size of a video frame redundancy packet is adjusted according to a data transmission condition of a channel and an importance parameter of a video frame, so as to reduce a time delay, improve video transmission quality, and improve user experience.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a video uplink transmission method in a long term evolution LTE network is provided, including:
acquiring a data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting a video file, wherein the video file comprises a plurality of group of pictures (GOP), and the GOP comprises a plurality of video frames;
adding redundant packets to the coded video frame according to the data transmission condition and the position of the video frame in the GOP, wherein the redundant packets are sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frame from front to back in the GOP;
and generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet, and sending the data packet to a base station.
In the foregoing solution, before the step of adding redundant packets to the encoded video frame according to the data transmission condition and the position of the video frame in the GOP, the method further includes:
and determining coding parameters according to the data transmission condition, and coding the collected video frames of the video file according to the coding parameters.
In the foregoing solution, before the step of determining a coding parameter according to the data transmission condition and coding a video frame of the collected video file according to the coding parameter, the method further includes:
and determining video acquisition parameters according to the data transmission condition, and acquiring video files according to the video acquisition parameters.
In the above scheme, the data transmission condition includes a data transmission packet loss rate Pd, a data retransmission rate Pr, and an available channel rate C of the uplink channel.
In the foregoing solution, the step of adding a redundant packet to the encoded video frame according to the data transmission condition and the position of the video frame in the GOP includes:
determining the maximum transmission rate Vmax of the uplink channel according to the available channel rate C;
and adding redundant packets to the video frame according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP and the maximum transmission rate Vmax.
In the above solution, the step of adding redundant packets to the video frame according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP and the maximum transmission rate Vmax includes:
setting the priority of the video frames according to the positions of the video frames in the corresponding GOPs, wherein the priority of the video frames is sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOPs;
acquiring the average transmission quantity q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
obtaining an average redundancy S ═ Vmax-Vb-q ═ Th/Vmax according to the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the maximum transmission rate Vmax and the video coding rate Vb;
and according to the priority of the video frame, increasing or decreasing a preset value on the basis of the average redundancy S, obtaining the size of the redundant packet added by the video frame, and adding the redundant packet to the corresponding video frame, wherein the size of the redundant packet is increased along with the increase of the priority.
In the foregoing scheme, when the number of failures of the data packet transmitted to the base station exceeds a preset threshold, the method further includes:
and receiving a data receiving error message fed back by the base station, judging whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted or not, and retransmitting the data packet failed in transmission to the base station when retransmission is needed.
In the above scheme, the data receiving error message carries a sequence number of the data packet with transmission failure;
the determining whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted, and when retransmission needs to be performed, retransmitting the data packet failed in transmission to the base station includes:
acquiring the priority n and the timestamp t0 of the data packet which fails to be transmitted according to the sequence number, wherein the priority of the data packet is the priority of the video frame to which the data packet belongs;
obtaining the retransmission probability of the data packet with failed transmission according to the priority n and the timestamp t0
Wherein t1 is the current time, Δ t is a preset maximum retransmission time interval, m is a preset lowest priority, and n and m are both positive integers;
and when the retransmission probability p exceeds a preset threshold value, retransmitting the data packet with transmission failure to the base station.
In the foregoing scheme, when the number of the received data error messages exceeds a preset number within a second preset time period, the method further includes:
and discarding the data packets with the priority less than the preset priority in the data packets.
In the above scheme, the encoding parameters include a video encoding code rate Vb and a GOP value, and the step of determining the encoding parameters according to the data transmission condition and encoding the acquired video frames of the video file according to the encoding parameters includes:
determining the GOP value according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr;
obtaining a video coding code rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the available channel rate C;
and coding the video frame of the video file according to the video coding code rate Vb and the GOP value.
In the above scheme, the step of determining the GOP value according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd and the data retransmission ratio Pr is:
and determining the GOP value Gi +1 ═ Gi × θ d × (Pd + Pr) 2 in the i +1 th preset time period according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr, wherein Gi is the GOP value in the i th preset time period, θ d is a preset packet loss threshold, and i is a positive integer.
In the above scheme, the video acquisition parameters include video resolution and video frame rate, the determining the video acquisition parameters according to the data transmission condition, and the acquiring the video files according to the video acquisition parameters includes:
obtaining a video coding code rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the available channel rate C;
and determining the video resolution and the video frame rate according to the coding code rate Vb, and acquiring the video file according to the video resolution and the video frame rate.
In the above scheme, the step of obtaining a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C includes:
acquiring the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of other services of the uplink channel except for transmitting the video file;
obtaining the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS) according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C;
acquiring the average transmission quantity q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
according to the average transmission quantity q of the data packets in the first preset time period, the preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the maximum transmission rate Vmax, a video coding rate Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q × Th is obtained, wherein f is a preset weighting coefficient.
In the foregoing solution, the step of determining the maximum transmission rate Vmax of the uplink channel according to the available channel rate C includes:
acquiring the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of other services of the uplink channel except for transmitting the video file;
and obtaining the maximum transmission rate Vmax-min (C-To, AS) according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a video uplink transmission apparatus in a long term evolution LTE network, including:
the system comprises a control module, a video file processing module and a video file transmitting module, wherein the control module is used for acquiring the data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting the video file, the video file comprises a plurality of group of pictures (GOP), and the GOP comprises a plurality of video frames;
a packet module, configured to add redundant packets to the encoded video frames according to the data transmission condition and the positions of the video frames in the GOP, where the redundant packets decrease sequentially from front to back in the GOP according to the video frames;
and the transmission module is used for generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet and sending the data packet to a base station.
Wherein, in the above scheme, the apparatus further comprises:
and the coding module is used for determining coding parameters according to the data transmission condition and coding the collected video frames of the video file according to the coding parameters.
Wherein, in the above scheme, the apparatus further comprises:
and the acquisition module is used for determining video acquisition parameters according to the data transmission condition and acquiring video files according to the video acquisition parameters.
In the above scheme, the data transmission condition includes a data transmission packet loss rate Pd, a data retransmission rate Pr, and an available channel rate C of the uplink channel.
In the above scheme, the encapsulation module includes:
a first determining unit, configured to determine a maximum transmission rate Vmax of the uplink channel according to the available channel rate C;
and the adding unit is used for adding redundant packets to the video frame according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP and the maximum transmission rate Vmax.
Wherein, in the above scheme, the adding unit includes:
the setting subunit is used for setting the priority of the video frames according to the positions of the video frames in the corresponding GOPs, wherein the priority of the video frames is sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOPs;
a first obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of data packets in the first preset time period;
a determining subunit, configured to obtain an average redundancy S ═ Vmax-Vb-q × Th/Vmax according to an average transmission number q of data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the maximum transmission rate Vmax, and the video coding rate Vb;
and the adding subunit is used for increasing or decreasing a preset value on the basis of the average redundancy S according to the priority of the video frame, obtaining the size of the redundant packet added to the video frame, and adding the redundant packet to the corresponding video frame, wherein the size of the redundant packet is increased along with the increase of the priority.
In the foregoing scheme, when the number of failures of the data packet transmitted to the base station exceeds a preset threshold, the apparatus further includes:
and the receiving module is used for receiving the data receiving error message fed back by the base station, judging whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted or not, and retransmitting the data packet failed in transmission to the base station when the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted.
In the above scheme, the data receiving error message carries a sequence number of the data packet with transmission failure;
the receiving module includes:
a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain, according to the sequence number, a priority n and a timestamp t0 of the data packet that fails to be transmitted, where the priority of the data packet is a priority of the video frame to which the data packet belongs;
a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain a retransmission probability of the data packet with failed transmission according to the priority n and the timestamp t0
Wherein t1 is the current time, Δ t is a preset maximum retransmission time interval, m is a preset lowest priority, and n and m are both positive integers;
and the retransmission unit is used for retransmitting the data packet which fails to be transmitted to the base station when the retransmission probability p exceeds a preset threshold value.
In the foregoing scheme, when the number of the received data error messages exceeds a preset number within a second preset time period, the apparatus further includes:
and the discarding module is used for discarding the data packets of which the priority is less than the preset priority in the data packets.
In the above scheme, the encoding parameters include a video encoding code rate Vb and a GOP value;
the encoding module includes:
a second determining unit, configured to determine the GOP value according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr;
a third determining unit, configured to obtain a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C;
and the coding unit is used for coding the video frame of the video file according to the video coding code rate Vb and the GOP value.
In the foregoing scheme, the second determining unit is specifically configured to:
and determining the GOP value Gi +1 ═ Gi × θ d × (Pd + Pr) 2 in the i +1 th preset time period according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr, wherein Gi is the GOP value in the i th preset time period, θ d is a preset packet loss threshold, and i is a positive integer.
In the scheme, the video acquisition parameters comprise video resolution and video frame rate;
the acquisition module comprises:
a fourth determining unit, configured to obtain a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C;
and the acquisition unit is used for determining the video resolution and the video frame rate according to the coding code rate Vb and acquiring the video file according to the video resolution and the video frame rate.
In the foregoing scheme, the third determining unit and the fourth determining unit each include:
a second obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
a third obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS);
a fourth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
a fifth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain, according to the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packet, the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr, and the maximum transmission rate Vmax, a video coding code rate Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q × Th, where f is a preset weighting coefficient.
In the foregoing solution, the first determining unit includes:
a sixth obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
and a seventh obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS).
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the video uplink transmission method in the LTE network, the data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting the video file is obtained in real time, and the size of the redundant packet added to the video frame is dynamically adjusted according to the data transmission condition and the importance parameter of the video frame (namely the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP), so that the transmission of the current video file meets the data transmission condition at the time, the time delay is reduced, the video transmission instruction is improved, and the user experience is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a video uplink transmission method in an LTE network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a video uplink transmission apparatus in an LTE network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a packaging module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a receiving module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an encoding module of an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 shows a block diagram of an acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Example one
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a video uplink transmission method in an LTE network is provided, where the method includes first obtaining a data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting a video file; then, adding redundant packets to the coded video frame according to the data transmission condition and the position of the video frame in the GOP; and finally, generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet, and sending the data packet to a base station.
Therefore, according to the video uplink transmission method in the LTE network of the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the video frame redundant packet is adjusted according to the data transmission condition of the channel and the importance parameter of the video frame, so that the time delay is reduced, the video transmission quality is improved, and the user experience is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
and step S11, acquiring the data transmission condition of the uplink channel for transmitting the video file.
The data transmission condition includes a data transmission packet loss rate Pd of an uplink channel, a data retransmission rate Pr, and an available channel rate C of the uplink channel. It will of course be appreciated that the specific parameters included for the data transfer case are not limited thereto.
If there are k data packets that fail to be transmitted when r data packets are transmitted in the current time period, the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd is k/r; if r data packets are transmitted e times in the current time period, the data retransmission rate Pr is r/e. (wherein r, k and e are positive integers). In addition, each resource block has its SNR in one resource allocation period, which can be obtained by the feedback of the previous user using the resource block, and using shannon channel capacity formula C Blog2(1+ SNR) then the available channel is obtainedAnd C, wherein B in the formula is the bandwidth of the link, and SNR is the signal-to-noise ratio of the current user on the link.
Therefore, the data parameters included in the data transmission situation can be obtained through corresponding statistics and calculation.
And step S13, adding redundant packets to the encoded video frame according to the data transmission condition and the position of the video frame in the GOP.
Wherein one video file includes a plurality of groups of pictures (GOP). Each GOP, in turn, includes a plurality of video frames. For example, a GOP of an h.264 video sequence has N pictures, and the GOP includes 1I frame, Np P frames, and N-Np-1B frames (i.e., I frame, Np P frames, and N-Np-1B frames are arranged in the GOP in a sequence from the front to the back), wherein the I frame employs an intra-coding mode, the P frame is predicted using the previous P frame or I frame, the B frame is predicted from the previous and the next two video frames, and the last B frame is predicted from the previous P frame and the I frame of the next GOP. Therefore, if the previous P frame is lost during transmission, the decoding of data of each frame referred to by the frame is affected, and the video quality thereof becomes poor. While a B-frame loss only affects the video quality of the B-frame itself, a loss of an I-frame results in a degradation of the quality of all the video frames of the GOP sequence.
As described above, in the GOP, the higher the importance of the video frame positioned earlier in the GOP, the lower the importance of the video frame positioned later in the GOP, and therefore, the size of the redundant packet of each video frame in the GOP can be reduced in the order of the video frames from the front to the back in the GOP. However, the specific redundancy of each video frame needs to be further determined according to the data transmission obtained in real time.
The importance parameter of each video frame needs to be determined according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP, for example, corresponding priority is set for the video frames according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOP, and the priority is sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOP. For example, for a GOP of an h.264 video sequence, if m (generally m > N) priorities are specified in the video stream, the value ranges from 1 to m, the highest priority 1 is assigned to an I frame, the lowest priority m is assigned to a B frame, and the priority of a P frame is between 2 and m, wherein the importance of the P frame is measured by the position of the P frame in the GOP, and the video frame is more important the earlier the position of a P frame in a GOP is.
Then, the average redundancy S of the video frame is determined according to the data transmission situation, and can be determined by using the formula S ═ Vmax-Vb-q × Th)/Vmax. The maximum transmission rate Vmax is the maximum transmission rate, Vb is the video coding rate, Th is the preset transmission packet header Th of the data packet, and q is the number of the data packets which are transmitted averagely in a preset time period.
For the method of determining Vmax, firstly, the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the uplink channel except for other services for transmitting the video file need To be counted; then, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS) is obtained, that is, Vmax is the smallest of the values of C-To and AS.
For the determination method of q, firstly, the video frame transmission rate fp in the preset time period needs to be obtained; then, according to the video transmission rate fp, the maximum transmission rate Vmax, and the preset average size value X of data packets, determining that an average number Y of the data packets included in one of the video frames is ceiling (Vmax/8/fp/X), where ceiling represents an upward rounding operation; finally, according to the average number Y of the data packets included in one video frame and the duration T of the first preset time period, determining the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period as Y fp T.
The Vb determination method is obtained by using a formula Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q ×, where Th is a preset transmission packet header of a data packet, Pd is a data transmission packet loss rate, Pr is a data retransmission rate, Vmax is a maximum transmission rate, and q is a data packet transmission number in a current time period.
When the average redundancy S and the priority of the video frame are both determined, the size of the average redundancy S can be adjusted according to the priority to be used as the size of the redundant packet to be added to the video frame corresponding to the priority. For example, for a video frame in a GOP of h.264, for the size of a redundant packet of an I frame of a first priority, a preset value may be increased on the basis of the average redundancy S, while for a B frame of an mth priority, a corresponding preset value may be decreased on the basis of the average redundancy S, or for a B frame of the lowest priority m, no redundant packet is added, and for redundant packets of a plurality of P frames, an adjustment may also be made on the basis of the average redundancy S according to the priority.
And step S15, generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet, and sending the data packet to a base station.
Wherein the data packets may be transmitted to the base station via the LTE antenna.
In LTE systems, the node where the terminal contacts the access network is called the base station, and the functions related to the air interface, including radio resource allocation and scheduling policy, are concentrated on the base station. Radio Link Control (RLC) and Medium Access Control (MAC) are both in the same base station, and for the transmission of uplink data, the MAC layer on the base station uses a synchronous mechanism for each HARQ process, which means that for multiple transmissions (including first initial transmission and possible subsequent multiple retransmissions) of a data packet in the uplink HARQ process, a fixed timing relationship is used between the transmissions. For example, it is default that the number of times of uploading a data packet is four at most on the terminal side, and the time interval of retransmission is 4 milliseconds, that is, if a data packet is uploaded for 4 milliseconds for the first time and is not received by the terminal, the next uploading is performed, if the data packet is uploaded for 4 milliseconds for the fourth time, the base station still does not receive the data packet, and the terminal only receives a message about data reception error fed back by the base station, and if the data packet is not uploaded any more, the data packet is lost.
In addition, if the priority of the video frame corresponding to the lost packet is high, the quality of the transmitted video file may be degraded. However, in the uplink video transmitter in the LTE network according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the number of failures of the data packet transmitted to the base station exceeds a preset threshold, the base station feeds back a data reception error message to the terminal, the terminal receives the data reception error message, and determines whether the data packet that has failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted, and when retransmission is needed, retransmits the data packet that has failed in transmission to the base station.
For whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be uploaded again, the retransmission probability p of the data packet can be calculated for judgment. When the base station feeds back a data receiving error message to the terminal, the base station carries the sequence number of the data packet with transmission failure, so that the terminal obtains the priority n and the timestamp t0 of the data packet according to the sequence number, and obtains the retransmission probability of the data packet with transmission failure according to the priority n and the timestamp t 0:
wherein t1 is the current time, Δ t is the preset maximum retransmission time interval, m is the preset lowest priority, and n and m are both positive integers. And when the retransmission probability p of the data packet with the transmission failure exceeds a preset threshold value, retransmitting the data packet with the transmission failure to the base station.
In addition, if the data error messages received by the terminal in a certain period are excessive, for example, when the number of the received data error messages exceeds the preset number, the data packets with the priority less than the preset priority in the data packets are discarded, so that the time delay is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Before step S13, that is, before adding the redundant packet to the video frame, the method further includes:
determining video acquisition parameters according to the data transmission condition, and acquiring video files according to the video acquisition parameters; and
and determining coding parameters according to the data transmission condition, and coding the collected video frames of the video file according to the coding parameters.
For the process of acquiring a video file according to the data transmission condition, a video coding code rate Vb is obtained according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the available channel rate C; and then, determining the video resolution and the video frame rate according to the coding code rate Vb, and acquiring the video file according to the video resolution and the video frame rate. For example, in some scenarios, instead of acquiring original video from a hardware device, for example, if video data is read from some file, filtering processing needs to be performed on the read video data when acquiring a video file, for example, reducing the resolution of the original video from 720p to that of a video transmission standard (VGA).
For the process of encoding the collected video file according to the data transmission condition, firstly, encoding parameters, namely a video encoding code rate Vb and a GOP value, need to be determined. The specific calculation method of the video coding rate Vb is described above, and is not described herein again. For the GOP value, the size can be determined according to the data retransmission rate Pr and the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, and when the data packet loss is excessive, the size of the GOP is reduced; otherwise, the GOP size may be increased. For example, the packet loss threshold is set to θ d, and assuming that the ith slot GOP size is Gi, the i +1 slot GOP size may be set to Gi × θ d × 2/(Pd + Pr).
In summary, the video uplink transmission method in the LTE network according to the embodiment of the present invention can add a redundant packet to a coded video frame according to a data transmission condition of an uplink channel obtained in real time, change a video acquisition parameter and a video coding parameter in real time according to the data transmission condition, and retransmit a data packet that fails in transmission or discard a data packet with a low priority in a queue according to a data reception error message fed back by a base station in time, so as to reduce a transmission delay of a video file, improve video transmission quality, and improve user experience.
Example two
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for transmitting a video uplink in a long term evolution LTE network, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus 200 includes:
the control module 209 is configured to acquire a data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting a video file, where the video file includes a plurality of group of pictures (GOPs), and the GOPs include a plurality of video frames;
a packetizing module 205, configured to add redundant packets to the encoded video frames according to the data transmission condition and the positions of the video frames in the GOP, where the redundant packets decrease sequentially from front to back in the GOP according to the video frames;
and a transmission module 207, configured to generate a data packet from the video frame to which the redundant packet is added, and send the data packet to a base station.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the encoding module 203 is configured to determine an encoding parameter according to the data transmission condition, and encode the acquired video frame of the video file according to the encoding parameter.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the acquisition module 201 is configured to determine a video acquisition parameter according to the data transmission condition, and acquire a video file according to the video acquisition parameter.
Optionally, the data transmission condition includes a data transmission packet loss rate Pd, a data retransmission rate Pr, and an available channel rate C of the uplink channel.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the encapsulation module 205 includes:
a first determining unit 2051, configured to determine, according to the available channel rate C, a maximum transmission rate Vmax of the uplink channel;
an adding unit 2052, configured to add a redundant packet to the video frame according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP and the maximum transmission rate Vmax.
Optionally, the adding unit 2052 includes:
the setting subunit is used for setting the priority of the video frames according to the positions of the video frames in the corresponding GOPs, wherein the priority of the video frames is sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOPs;
a first obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of data packets in the first preset time period;
a determining subunit, configured to obtain an average redundancy S ═ Vmax-Vb-q × Th/Vmax according to an average transmission number q of data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the maximum transmission rate Vmax, and the video coding rate Vb;
and the adding subunit is used for increasing or decreasing a preset value on the basis of the average redundancy S according to the priority of the video frame, obtaining the size of the redundant packet added to the video frame, and adding the redundant packet to the corresponding video frame, wherein the size of the redundant packet is increased along with the increase of the priority.
Optionally, when the number of failures of the data packet transmitted to the base station exceeds a preset threshold, the apparatus further includes:
a receiving module 211, configured to receive a data reception error message fed back by the base station, determine whether the data packet that is failed to be transmitted needs to be retransmitted, and retransmit the data packet that is failed to be transmitted to the base station when retransmission is needed.
Optionally, the data receiving error message carries a sequence number of the data packet that failed in transmission; as shown in fig. 4, the receiving module 211 includes:
a first obtaining unit 2111, configured to obtain, according to the sequence number, a priority n and a timestamp t0 of the data packet that fails to be transmitted, where the priority of the data packet is the priority of the video frame to which the data packet belongs;
a second obtaining unit 2112, configured to obtain, according to the priority n and the timestamp t0, a retransmission probability of the data packet with failed transmission
Wherein t1 is the current time, Δ t is a preset maximum retransmission time interval, m is a preset lowest priority, and n and m are both positive integers;
a retransmission unit 2113, configured to retransmit the data packet that is failed in transmission to the base station when the retransmission probability p exceeds a preset threshold.
Optionally, when the number of received data error messages exceeds a preset number within a second preset time period, the apparatus further includes:
a discarding module 213, configured to discard data packets with a priority lower than a preset priority in the data packets.
Optionally, the encoding parameters include a video encoding code rate Vb and a GOP value;
as shown in fig. 5, the encoding module 203 includes:
a second determining unit 2031, configured to determine the GOP value according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd and the data retransmission ratio Pr;
a third determining unit 2032, configured to obtain a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C;
an encoding unit 2033, configured to encode a video frame of the video file according to the video encoding rate Vb and the GOP value.
Optionally, the second determining unit 2031 is specifically configured to:
and determining the GOP value Gi +1 ═ Gi × θ d × (Pd + Pr) 2 in the i +1 th preset time period according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr, wherein Gi is the GOP value in the i th preset time period, θ d is a preset packet loss threshold, and i is a positive integer.
Optionally, the video acquisition parameters include video resolution and video frame rate;
as shown in fig. 6, the acquisition module 201 includes:
a fourth determining unit 2011, configured to obtain a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C;
the collecting unit 2012 is configured to determine the video resolution and the video frame rate according to the coding rate Vb, and collect the video file according to the video resolution and the video frame rate.
Optionally, the third determining unit 2032 and the fourth determining unit 2011 each include:
a second obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
a third obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS);
a fourth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
a fifth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain, according to the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packet, the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr, and the maximum transmission rate Vmax, a video coding code rate Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q × Th, where f is a preset weighting coefficient.
Optionally, the first determining unit 2051 includes:
a sixth obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
and a seventh obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS).
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (22)
1. A video uplink transmission method in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting a video file, wherein the video file comprises a plurality of group of pictures (GOP), the GOP comprises a plurality of video frames, and the data transmission condition comprises a data transmission packet loss rate Pd, a data retransmission rate Pr and an available channel rate C of the uplink channel; determining a group of pictures (GOP) value Gi + 1-Gi- θ d 2/(Pd + Pr) in an i +1 th preset time period according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr, wherein Gi is the GOP value in the i th preset time period, θ d is a preset packet loss threshold, and i is a positive integer;
determining encoding parameters according to the data transmission condition, wherein the encoding parameters comprise a video encoding code rate Vb and a GOP value; and coding the collected video frame of the video file according to the coding parameters, comprising: coding a video frame of the video file according to the video coding code rate Vb and the GOP value;
adding redundant packets to the coded video frame according to the data transmission condition and the position of the video frame in the GOP, wherein the redundant packets are sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frame from front to back in the GOP;
and generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet, and sending the data packet to a base station.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein before the step of determining encoding parameters according to the data transmission condition and encoding the captured video frames of the video file according to the encoding parameters, the method further comprises:
and determining video acquisition parameters according to the data transmission condition, and acquiring video files according to the video acquisition parameters.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of adding redundant packets to the encoded video frame based on the data transmission and the position of the video frame in the GOP comprises:
determining the maximum transmission rate Vmax of the uplink channel according to the available channel rate C;
and adding redundant packets to the video frame according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP and the maximum transmission rate Vmax.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said step of adding redundant packets to said video frames based on their position in respective GOPs and said maximum transmission rate Vmax comprises:
setting the priority of the video frames according to the positions of the video frames in the corresponding GOPs, wherein the priority of the video frames is sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOPs;
acquiring the average transmission quantity q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
obtaining an average redundancy S ═ Vmax-Vb-q ═ Th/Vmax according to the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the maximum transmission rate Vmax and the video coding rate Vb;
and according to the priority of the video frame, increasing or decreasing a preset value on the basis of the average redundancy S, obtaining the size of the redundant packet added by the video frame, and adding the redundant packet to the corresponding video frame, wherein the size of the redundant packet is increased along with the increase of the priority.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein when the number of failures of the data packet transmitted to the base station exceeds a preset threshold, the method further comprises:
and receiving a data receiving error message fed back by the base station, judging whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted or not, and retransmitting the data packet failed in transmission to the base station when retransmission is needed.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the data reception error message carries a sequence number of the data packet with transmission failure;
the determining whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted, and when retransmission needs to be performed, retransmitting the data packet failed in transmission to the base station includes:
acquiring the priority n and the timestamp t0 of the data packet which fails to be transmitted according to the sequence number, wherein the priority of the data packet is the priority of the video frame to which the data packet belongs;
obtaining the retransmission probability of the data packet with failed transmission according to the priority n and the timestamp t0
Wherein t1 is the current time, △ t is the preset maximum retransmission time interval, m is the preset lowest priority, and n and m are both positive integers;
and when the retransmission probability p exceeds a preset threshold value, retransmitting the data packet with transmission failure to the base station.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein when the number of received data error messages exceeds a preset number within a second preset time period, the method further comprises:
and discarding the data packets with the priority less than the preset priority in the data packets.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining encoding parameters according to the data transmission condition and encoding the captured video frames of the video file according to the encoding parameters further comprises:
determining the GOP value according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr; and obtaining a video coding code rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the available channel rate C.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein the video capture parameters include video resolution and video frame rate, and wherein determining video capture parameters based on the data transmission and capturing video files based on the video capture parameters comprises:
obtaining a video coding code rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the available channel rate C;
and determining the video resolution and the video frame rate according to the coding code rate Vb, and acquiring the video file according to the video resolution and the video frame rate.
10. The method according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the step of obtaining a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C comprises:
acquiring the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of other services of the uplink channel except for transmitting the video file;
obtaining the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS) according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C;
acquiring the transmission quantity q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
according to the transmission quantity q of the data packets in the first preset time period, the preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the maximum transmission rate Vmax, a video coding rate Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q × Th is obtained, wherein f is a preset weighting coefficient.
11. The method of claim 3, wherein said step of determining a maximum transmission rate Vmax for said uplink channel based on said available channel rate C comprises:
acquiring the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of other services of the uplink channel except for transmitting the video file;
and obtaining the maximum transmission rate Vmax-min (C-To, AS) according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C.
12. A video uplink transmission device in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a control module, a data transmission module and a data transmission module, wherein the control module is used for acquiring the data transmission condition of an uplink channel for transmitting a video file, the video file comprises a plurality of group of pictures (GOP), the GOP comprises a plurality of video frames, and the data transmission condition comprises a data transmission packet loss rate Pd, a data retransmission rate Pr and an available channel rate C of the uplink channel;
the acquisition module is used for determining video acquisition parameters according to the data transmission condition and acquiring video files according to the video acquisition parameters;
a packet module, configured to add redundant packets to the encoded video frames according to the data transmission condition and the positions of the video frames in the GOP, where the redundant packets decrease sequentially from front to back in the GOP according to the video frames;
the transmission module is used for generating a data packet from the video frame added with the redundant packet and sending the data packet to a base station;
the coding module is used for determining coding parameters according to the data transmission condition, wherein the coding parameters comprise video coding code rate Vb and GOP values; encoding the collected video frames of the video file according to the encoding parameters; the encoding module includes:
the second determining unit is specifically configured to: determining the GOP value Gi +1 ═ Gi × [ theta ] d × (2/(Pd + Pr) in the i +1 th preset time period according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr, wherein Gi is the GOP value in the i th preset time period, theta d is a preset packet loss threshold value, and i is a positive integer;
and the coding unit is used for coding the video frame of the video file according to the video coding code rate Vb and the GOP value.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the encapsulation module comprises:
a first determining unit, configured to determine a maximum transmission rate Vmax of the uplink channel according to the available channel rate C;
and the adding unit is used for adding redundant packets to the video frame according to the position of the video frame in the corresponding GOP and the maximum transmission rate Vmax.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the adding unit comprises:
the setting subunit is used for setting the priority of the video frames according to the positions of the video frames in the corresponding GOPs, wherein the priority of the video frames is sequentially reduced according to the sequence of the video frames from front to back in the GOPs;
a first obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of data packets in the first preset time period;
a determining subunit, configured to obtain an average redundancy S ═ Vmax-Vb-q × Th/Vmax according to an average transmission number q of data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packets, the maximum transmission rate Vmax, and the video coding rate Vb;
and the adding subunit is used for increasing or decreasing a preset value on the basis of the average redundancy S according to the priority of the video frame, obtaining the size of the redundant packet added to the video frame, and adding the redundant packet to the corresponding video frame, wherein the size of the redundant packet is increased along with the increase of the priority.
15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein when the number of failures of the data packet transmitted to the base station exceeds a preset threshold, the apparatus further comprises:
and the receiving module is used for receiving the data receiving error message fed back by the base station, judging whether the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted or not, and retransmitting the data packet failed in transmission to the base station when the data packet failed in transmission needs to be retransmitted.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the data reception error message carries a sequence number of the data packet with transmission failure;
the receiving module includes:
a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain, according to the sequence number, a priority n and a timestamp t0 of the data packet that fails to be transmitted, where the priority of the data packet is a priority of the video frame to which the data packet belongs;
a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain a retransmission probability of the data packet with failed transmission according to the priority n and the timestamp t0
Wherein t1 is the current time, △ t is the preset maximum retransmission time interval, m is the preset lowest priority, and n and m are both positive integers;
and the retransmission unit is used for retransmitting the data packet which fails to be transmitted to the base station when the retransmission probability p exceeds a preset threshold value.
17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein when the number of received data error messages exceeds a preset number within a second preset time period, the apparatus further comprises:
and the discarding module is used for discarding the data packets of which the priority is less than the preset priority in the data packets.
18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the encoding module further comprises:
a second determining unit, configured to determine the GOP value according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd and the data retransmission rate Pr;
and the third determining unit is used for obtaining a video coding code rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr and the available channel rate C.
19. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the video acquisition parameters comprise a video resolution and a video frame rate;
the acquisition module comprises:
a fourth determining unit, configured to obtain a video coding rate Vb according to the data transmission packet loss ratio Pd, the data retransmission ratio Pr, and the available channel rate C;
and the acquisition unit is used for determining the video resolution and the video frame rate according to the coding code rate Vb and acquiring the video file according to the video resolution and the video frame rate.
20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the third determining unit comprises:
a second obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
a third obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS);
a fourth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
a fifth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain, according to the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packet, the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr, and the maximum transmission rate Vmax, a video coding code rate Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q × Th, where f is a preset weighting coefficient.
21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the fourth determination unit comprises:
a second obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
a third obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS);
a fourth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain an average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period;
a fifth obtaining subunit, configured to obtain, according to the average transmission number q of the data packets in the first preset time period, a preset transmission packet header Th of the data packet, the data transmission packet loss rate Pd, the data retransmission rate Pr, and the maximum transmission rate Vmax, a video coding code rate Vb ═ Vmax [1- (Pd + Pr)/2] × f-q × Th, where f is a preset weighting coefficient.
22. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the first determining unit comprises:
a sixth obtaining subunit, configured To obtain a maximum bandwidth AS and a required rate To of the uplink channel, except for other services that transmit the video file;
and a seventh obtaining subunit, configured To obtain, according To the maximum bandwidth AS and the required rate To of the other services and the available channel rate C, the maximum transmission rate Vmax ═ min (C-To, AS).
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