Signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio measuring method for LTE-A system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio measuring method suitable for an LTE-Advanced system.
Background
The Long Term Evolution-Advanced (Long Term Evolution-Advanced) is a smooth Evolution based on LTE, abbreviated as LTE-a. The LTE-A enhances the spectrum flexibility of the LTE through carrier aggregation on the basis of the LTE, further expands a multi-antenna transmission scheme, introduces the support to the relay, provides the improvement on the inter-cell interference coordination under the deployment of a heterogeneous network, greatly improves the transmission data speed of a wireless communication system, the average spectrum efficiency of the cell and the user performance of the cell boundary, and can provide a mobile service with higher quality.
In the LTE-a system, a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) is used to transmit uplink control information, and plays an important role in enabling a shared channel in the LTE-a system to normally transmit and receive data. In an LTE system, a PUCCH supports a format 1/1a/1b and a format 2/2a/2b, where format 1 is used for a UE to send a scheduling reQuest to an eNodeB, format 1a is used for the UE to send a 1-bit HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) ACK (acknowledgement) or NACK (Non-acknowledgement) to the eNodeB, and format 1b is used for the UE to send a 2-bit HARQ ACK or NACK to the eNodeB; formats 2, 2a, 2b are used for the UE to send a CQI (channel quality Indicator) and HARQ ACK or NACK to the eNodeB. Compared with the LTE system, the LTE-a system adds a format, namely format 3, for transmitting HARQ information of 10 bits at most in a multi-carrier aggregation scenario.
The LTE-a system allows transmission of ACK/NACK, CQI or SR messages using multiple time-frequency RBs (Resource blocks) in one subframe to allocate PUCCHs to multiple UEs in a cell, where one PUCCH uses one RB in one subframe, one RB corresponds to 2 slots, each slot has 7 symbols (corresponding to a normal cyclic prefix) or 6 symbols (corresponding to an extended cyclic prefix), and each symbol has 12 subcarriers.
The Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) estimation is an important function that needs to be implemented by a PUCCH receiving end, is a measurement index that reflects the current user channel quality, and can be used for uplink received Signal validity judgment and as a target SINR reference value for uplink power control. The accurate PUCCH SINR estimation scheme can ensure the effective power adjustment of users, the effective judgment of receiving end signals and the like. The purpose of PUCCH SINR estimation in the LTE-A system is to reflect the current channel condition and provide an effective reference value for uplink power control adjustment, thereby improving the performance of an uplink receiving end.
In the prior art, there are various schemes for estimating PUCCH SINR, for example, according to the characteristics of ACK/NACK modulation of feedback information in PUCCH, the ACK/NACK information is modulated to an I path (an isotropic component) or a Q path (an orthogonal component) of a corresponding symbol, so that a receiving end can calculate SNR according to a real part and an imaginary part of an obtained soft bit symbol, but the SNR estimated by the scheme is not a real SNR in a strict sense, which brings difficulty to uplink power control of PUCCH, and the scheme is only applicable to a format carrying HARQ information, and is not applicable to a format carrying only CQI information, such as format 2.
In the method, for the data portion and the pilot signal portion in the received signal of format 1/1a/1b under the normal prefix, the allocated code channels in 36 code channels are used to estimate the signal power, and the remaining unallocated code channels are used to estimate the noise-interference power. The method is more accurate when the UE has no time bias. Once the UE has time offset, the transmission power of the UE will be leaked to the adjacent code channel, so that the estimated noise interference power is larger, and finally the estimated signal-to-noise ratio is smaller, thereby increasing the probability of misjudging ACK or NACK as DTX, affecting the eNodeB to make correct response to the corresponding uplink control information, and further reducing the system performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a PUCCH signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio measurement method to improve the accuracy of LTE-A system signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio measurement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention provides a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio measuring method for an LTE-A system, which comprises the following steps,
step one, carrying out receiving end processing on a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) received signal to obtain a balanced soft symbol, and setting the soft symbol obtained after data balancing of the PUCCH received signal as dnN is 0,1,., N-1, N is the number of data symbols in one subframe; after QPSK demodulation and descrambling, CQI decoding or HARQ judgment is carried out, and the decoded result is a0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1A is the number of bits after decoding;
step two, using the decoded result a0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1Carrying out symbol reconstruction to obtain d _ hardn;
For the PUCCH format 1/1a/1b, the symbol reconstruction process includes channel coding the decoded 1-bit or 2-bit HARQ information, coding ACK to binary bit "1", coding NACK to binary bit "0", and performing BPSK modulation on the coded result to obtain a reconstructed signal d _ hardn,n=1;
For the PUCCH format 2/2a/2b, the symbol reconstruction is carried out by decoding the obtained result a0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1And performing channel coding by using the coding mode of (20, A), wherein the coded bit sequence is b0,b1,b2,b3,...,bB-1And B is 20, the result after channel coding is respectively scrambled and QPSK modulated to obtain a reconstructed signal d _ hardn,n=0,1,...,9;
For PUCCH format 3, the symbol reconstruction is performed by decoding the result a0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1And performing channel coding by using the coding mode of (32, A), wherein the coded bit sequence is b0,b1,b2,b3,...,bB-1And B-48, respectively scrambling and QPSK modulating the result of channel coding to obtain a reconstructed signal d _ hardn,n=0,1,...,11;
Step three, according to the soft symbol d obtained after data equalization
nAnd the reconstructed symbol d _ hard
nCalculating the signal power P
sIs composed of
The interference and noise signal power is as follows,
the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio is obtained as follows,
where N is the number of data symbols in one subframe, and for format 1/1a/1b, N is 1; for format 2/2a/2b, N ═ 10; for format 3, N is 24.
When there are 2 or more antennas in the LTE-a system, the signal power P of each UE obtained for all antennassCombining the interference and noise power P of PUCCH obtained under all antennasICombining, calculating the signal power P of each UE after combinationsInterference and noise power P with combined PUCCHIAnd obtaining the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of each UE.
According to the characteristics of the PUCCH of the LTE-A system, the method carries out symbol reconstruction on the decoded CQI or HARQ bits, calculates the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio by using the characteristics of the reconstructed symbols and the equalized soft symbols, is suitable for all formats of the PUCCH, and solves the problems that the estimation of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio is limited to the PUCCH format and is inaccurate in estimation in the prior art. The invention can effectively measure the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the PUCCH in the LTE-A system and provide an effective reference value for controlling and adjusting the uplink power, thereby improving the performance of an uplink receiving end and having important market value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of a signal to interference plus noise ratio measurement method of a PUCCH of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a constellation diagram of a reconstructed signal and a signal after equalization at a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a simulation graph of preset SINR and measured SINR in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood and make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable to those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) measurement method of the PUCCH provided by the invention is suitable for all formats of the PUCCH in an LTE-A system, including format 1/1a/1b, format 2/2a/2b and format 3. Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment, the PUCCH is configured to be format 2, the uplink system bandwidth is 10MHz, 2 receiving antennas, and each OFDM symbol PUCCH occupies 12 subcarriers for each antenna. The configuration adopted by the embodiment is as follows:
table 1 example configuration
Bandwidth of
|
10M
|
Antenna arrangement
|
1*2
|
Number of users
|
1
|
PUCCH format
| Format | 2
|
CQI bit sequence
|
[1 1 1 1]
|
Cyclic shift interval
|
2
|
Ncs_1
|
0
|
CP type
|
Ordinary CP
|
Channel model
|
EVA5
|
Target SINR
|
0dB、3dB、6dB、9dB、12dB、15dB、18dB、20dB |
Step one, carrying out receiving end processing on a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) received signal to obtain a balanced soft symbol, wherein the soft symbol obtained after data balancing of the PUCCH received signal is dn(N-0, 1.., N-1), and performs CQI decoding or HARQ decision after QPSK demodulation and descrambling, and the decoded result is a0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1A is the number of bits after decoding;
in an embodiment of the present invention,
for format 2, the soft symbol obtained after equalization of the signal received by the PUCCH is dnN is 0,1, 9, 10 symbols in total, N is 10; through QPSK demodulation andafter descrambling, CQI decoding is carried out to obtain a bit a after decoding0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1A is the number of bits after decoding, and in the embodiment, a is 4; data equalization, QPSK demodulation, and descrambling may be performed using conventional techniques, and the present invention is not described in detail.
Step two, using the decoded result a0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1Symbol reconstruction is carried out to obtain d _ hard by (decoded CQI bit or HARQ bit)n
Preferably, for PUCCH format 1/1a/1b, the process of symbol reconstruction is: performing channel coding on the decoded 1-bit or 2-bit HARQ information, wherein the channel coding of the format 1/1a/1b is to encode ACK into Binary bit '1', NACK into Binary bit '0', and perform BPSK (Binary Phase shift keying) modulation on the encoded result to obtain a reconstructed signal d _ hardn,n=1。
Preferably, for PUCCH format 2/2a/2b, the process of symbol reconstruction is: for CQI bit result a obtained after decoding0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1A is the decoded bit number (1 is more than or equal to A is less than or equal to 13), the channel coding is carried out by using the coding mode of (20, A), and the coded bit sequence is b0,b1,b2,b3,...,bB-1And B is 20, the result after channel coding is respectively scrambled and QPSK modulated to obtain a reconstructed signal d _ hardn,n=0,1,...,9。
Preferably, for PUCCH format 3, the symbol reconstruction process is: to HARQ bit a obtained after decoding0,a1,a2,a3,...,aA-1A is the decoded bit number (4 is more than or equal to A is less than or equal to 10), the channel coding is carried out by using the coding mode of (32, A), and the coded bit sequence is b0,b1,b2,b3,...,bB-1And B-48, respectively scrambling and QPSK modulating the result of channel coding to obtain a reconstructed signal d _ hardn,n=0,1,...,11。
In an embodiment, for PUCCH format 2, the reconstruction process is:
1.1 pairs of decoded CQI bits a
0,a
1,a
2,a
3,...,a
A-1And performing channel coding by using a coding scheme of (20, A), wherein a base sequence of the coding scheme of (20, A) is shown in Table 2, and coded bits are represented as b
0,b
1,b
2,b
3,...,b
B-1Then, then
Then i is 0,1,2, …, B-1. In this embodiment, a is 4 and B is 20, according to M
i,0To M
i,3The symbols after channel coding are b (0). M
i,jRepresenting the elements of the ith row and the jth column of the base sequence.
TABLE 2 base sequence of (20, A) coding scheme
1.2 scrambling the channel coded signal b (0)
The scrambling code c (i) is specified by 3GPP 36.211 protocol and will not be described herein.
1.3 Pair of scrambled signals
QPSK modulation is performed, resulting in a modulated signal d (0), d (9), i.e. a reconstructed signal d _ hard
n,n=0,1,...,9。
FIG. 2 shows the reconstructed signal d _ hard with an SINR of 0dB applied in the channelnSignal d after equalization with receiving endnWherein the constellation point represented by 'o' is the equalized signal and the constellation point represented by 'it' is the reconstructed signal. It can be seen that the reconstructed signal is a standard constellation point and is a clean signal, the equalized soft symbols are scattered, and the SINR value can be measured by using the euclidean distance between the two signals.
Step three, performing a first step of cleaning the substrate,the reconstructed symbol d _ hard
nIs considered to be a clean signal, and is summed with a soft symbol d obtained after data equalization
nDetermining the signal power P
sIs composed of
Interference and noise signal power is then
Obtaining SINR
Where N is the number of data symbols in a subframe, for format 1/1a/1b, N is 1; for
format 2/2a/2b, N ═ 10; for format 3, N is 24. For this embodiment, N is 10.
In specific implementation, the method provided by the invention can realize automatic operation in a software mode.
Preferably, the above-mentioned sir measurement method is used to obtain the signal power P of each UE under all antennas when the system has more than 2 antennassMerging; interference and noise power P of PUCCH obtained under all antennasIMerging; and calculating the signal power P of each UE after combinationsInterference and noise power P with combined PUCCHIAnd obtaining the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of each UE.
For 2 receiving antennas in this embodiment, the signal power P of the UE obtained under 2 receiving antennas is measuredsCombining to obtain interference and noise power P of PUCCH under 2 antennasICombining, and then calculating the combined signal power P of the UEsInterference and noise power P with combined PUCCHIAnd obtaining the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the UE.
Referring to fig. 3, by using the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a curve of the measured SINR and the preset SINR is obtained, and it can be seen that when the SINR is preset to 0-20 dB, the real SINR measured by using the present invention is substantially consistent with the preset estimated SINR curve, and the technical effect of the present invention can be seen.
The above examples are illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.