CN106656218B - Vehicle-mounted radio station system based on software radio and implementation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted radio station system based on software radio and an implementation method thereof, which adopt an object-oriented system design and analysis method to design and implement a vehicle-mounted radio station system structure based on software radio, wherein the system structure can ensure the portability and configurability of software and hardware, so that the old system and the new system have good continuity and inheritance, and products can be interconnected, intercommunicated and interoperated.

Description

Vehicle-mounted radio station system based on software radio and implementation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of communication, relates to a vehicle-mounted radio station system and an implementation method, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted radio station system based on software radio and an implementation method.

Background

At present, the active radio stations of our army are designed based on hardware, no proper mechanism is provided for shielding hardware difference, waveform software is closely connected with the hardware, the radio stations have a series of problems of slow technical update, poor compatibility, multiple varieties, difficulty in realizing mutual operation of interconnection and intercommunication of the radio stations and the like, the capacity of combined combat of army and army of the army is severely limited, the requirements of integrated three-dimensional combat of the army, the sea and the air in the future are difficult to adapt, and the requirements of equipment development of rasterization information network construction, combined tactical communication system construction, new generation equipment system construction and the like in the future cannot be met.

In order to solve the problems that the types of active tactical communication radio stations are various, interconnection and intercommunication interoperation are difficult to realize, a tactical communication network supporting various services cannot be dynamically established along with the movement of troops, and the requirement of combined combat of military troops cannot be met, a software radio technology is gradually applied to the communication radio stations. The software radio technology aims to enable the communication system to get rid of the constraint of a hardware structure, realize various functions through software, facilitate the improvement and the upgrade of the system and realize the interconnection and the compatibility of the system.

With the gradual maturity of software radio technology and the application of new technology, many countries are beginning to customize the top-level design standard based on software radio idea and apply it to communication equipment, which largely solves the problems existing in communication stations. At present, the military follows the great development trend of world military wireless communication, and the military wireless communication equipment is integrally designed from top-level design, so that the situation that the interconnection, intercommunication and interoperation between the current radio stations are difficult is fundamentally broken. Through the continuous efforts in recent ten years, the research of our army on the aspects of the architecture, the key technology and the like makes a major breakthrough, but the application of the existing architecture to the actual equipment has some problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted radio station system based on software radio by applying the idea of software radio, and aims to solve the problem of difficult interconnection, intercommunication and interoperation among the current radio stations. The specific scheme is as follows:

a vehicle radio station system based on software radio comprises a general hardware platform, an operating environment, a communication waveform and a system management module, wherein the hardware platform is positioned at the lowest layer, the operating environment is above the hardware platform, the communication waveform runs on the operating environment, the system management module receives local or remote control commands and data, and the management and control of the whole equipment are realized by using the operating environment, the communication waveform and an interface provided by a system application;

the general hardware platform comprises a hardware class and a rule set, wherein the hardware class can be decomposed into subclasses to a final hardware object according to an object-oriented method;

the operating environment comprises an operating system, a transmission mechanism, a core framework, platform equipment and platform services; the core framework provides abstraction of bottom-layer software and hardware for communication waveforms and provides basic interfaces and services for development of application components of the communication waveforms;

the communications waveform partitions waveform components using interfaces and services in a core framework that employ standardized definitions with reference to the OSI layer model.

Preferably, the universal hardware platform comprises a chassis super class and a module super class, wherein the chassis super class provides top-level attributes including a power supply, a size, a platform and an environment interface; the module superclass defines a rule set of sharable size, chassis interface type and chassis environment requirements; the module super class includes a radio frequency class, a modem class, a processor class, an information security class, an input/output class, a power class, and an interconnection bus.

Preferably, the waveform application component uses an AEP-constrained operating system interface, the interaction of the waveform application component with the core framework control is constrained by a basic application interface, and the interaction between the core framework control and the platform device, the application component and the platform service component are all based on the transmission mechanism of CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture).

Preferably, the core framework, the platform device, the platform service, the operating system and the transmission mechanism, the BSP, the device driver, the bus structure and the hardware form a basic platform of the device; the operating system and the transmission mechanism provide services for system management, waveform application and a core framework; the system management is provided with an interface interacting with a core framework, a waveform application and a human-computer interface; the waveform application may interact with a core framework.

Preferably, the communication waveform can be divided into a physical layer, a MAC layer, a link layer, a network layer and an IO layer.

Preferably, the system can be implemented in an iterative or parallel manner.

The invention also provides a method for realizing the vehicle-mounted radio station system based on the software radio, which sequentially comprises the following steps:

s101, overlaying initial application software on a general hardware object;

s102, quantifying the whole hardware resource requirement, including all waveforms, network, operation environment overhead and reserved allowance;

s103: assigning values for attributes of the hardware objects according to a rule set of an application system;

s104: determining whether the hardware object in step S103 satisfies the performance required by the system through performance analysis; if the achievable and effective scheme is not achieved, the segmentation and selection of the hardware object attribute are modified, and the step S101 is repeatedly executed;

and S105, when each hardware object meets the performance index, the definition of the vehicle-mounted radio station is completed.

The invention also provides another implementation method of the vehicle-mounted radio station system based on the software radio, which comprises waveform design and radio station platform design, and is characterized in that the waveform design and the radio station platform design are subjected to independent test verification respectively, then system integration verification is carried out, and finally equipment is formed;

the steps of the waveform design are algorithm development, functional module structure establishment, waveform prototype development, component deployment and distribution, detailed design and code realization in sequence;

the radio station platform design comprises the steps of determining hardware architecture and performance constraints, hardware type selection, engineering prototype development and final implementation.

Preferably, the step of waveform design sequentially comprises:

s201: modeling and simulating a core waveform algorithm by using a waveform simulation tool;

s202: distributing the algorithm to each waveform logic component by using UML modular modeling technology and tools;

s203: development tools such as C + +, MATLAB and the like are used for developing a waveform prototype, so that the instantaneity can be temporarily not considered;

s204: according to the waveform determined in step S203, the deployment of all components on processors such as GPP, DSP, FPGA, and the like is allocated, and then detailed design is performed according to the target platform of matching of the components and the selection of real-time prototypes, so as to implement the SCA waveform component framework.

Preferably, the steps of the radio station platform design are as follows in sequence:

s211: determining constraint conditions such as a hardware architecture, a processor type, performance, size and the like according to requirements;

s212: performing preliminary prototype design, basic circuit design and power budget of a hardware platform, and determining a final material list;

s213: based on the final bill of materials, performing engineering prototype development with equivalent functions without considering the constraint of the form factor, wherein the engineering prototype development comprises platform basic element realization, such as BSP, drive, logic equipment components and service components;

and S214, developing according to the size required in practice, and designing aiming at the aspects of air interface compatibility, radio frequency performance, bit error rate, throughput and the like.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. by adopting the object-oriented system design and analysis method, the portability and configurability of software and hardware can be ensured, so that the old system and the new system have good continuity and inheritance, and products can be interconnected, intercommunicated and interoperated.

2. The hardware platform is divided into general modules which can be inherited into various platforms to meet the requirements of various tasks, and the software platform has good flexibility and strong universality.

3. The general software platform system realizes the separation between hardware and waveforms, so that the development of waveform software is independent of the underlying hardware, the portability and reusability of the software are ensured, the software modularization level is improved, and the flexibility of communication equipment is greatly enhanced.

4. By providing some standardized component frameworks, the technical thresholds of waveform application developers and waveform platform developers are effectively reduced, and the waveform application developers and the waveform platform developers focus on the requirements of the waveform service and the waveform platform.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a basic block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the vehicle radio hardware platform framework of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a communication waveform application component division diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the interface relationship between the waveform application and the operating environment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a software radio system software logic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention for a vehicle radio design using an iterative method;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the present invention for a vehicle station design using a parallel approach.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical solution proposed by the present invention, the following further explains the present invention with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

The architecture includes a general purpose hardware platform, operating environment, tactical communications waveforms, and system management.

1. Universal hardware platform

The definition of the hardware system adopts an object-oriented method, and compared with a function-oriented definition method, the method emphasizes the inheritance of the attribute and the physical realization. Fig. 2 is a hardware framework diagram of a vehicle radio based on software radio. The hardware classes consist of a chassis superclass and a module superclass, and the chassis superclass provides some of the top-level attributes, such as power, size, platform, and environmental interfaces. The module super-class provides the size factor, critical system internal connections, chassis interface type, and environmental requirements that each specific module can share. The module superclass can be further decomposed into subclasses, and each subclass decomposed by the module superclass in the diagram represents an abstract entity (namely a hardware object) with general attributes, so that the framework is suitable for all domains, and the hardware module can adapt to different platforms and has high reusability and expandability. In a specific station design process, the attributes of the hardware objects may be set according to the physical requirements and specific rules on a specific platform with reference to the hardware framework diagram.

2. Operating environment

The present invention designs the operating environment as an object-oriented distributed software architecture, and fig. 1 shows that the operating environment mainly includes an operating system, a transport mechanism, a core framework, and platform devices and services from bottom to top. In one embodiment of the invention the operating system is an embedded real-time operating system. The operating system provides multi-process and multi-thread support for upper-layer software such as a core framework, waveform application and the like; the transmission mechanism provides standardized client/server side operation for software, and the software component uses the interface and service provided by the transmission mechanism to carry out connection and data exchange; the core framework is a basic 'core' set of application layer interfaces and services, provides abstraction of bottom layer software and hardware for waveform application software designers, and provides basic interfaces and services for development of waveform application components; the platform device and the service are shared by the application components, the platform device realizes a basic device interface for accessing system hardware resources, and the non-hardware common part except the platform device is the platform service. The software architecture of the present invention essentially specifies the operating system's API, transport mechanism requirements, and the interface and functional requirements of the core framework software, providing a common structure for node, waveform application management, configuration, and inter-component interface interconnection for software radio devices.

The software system realizes the separation between hardware and waveforms, so that the development of waveform software is independent of the underlying hardware, the portability and reusability of the software are ensured, the software modularization level is improved, and the flexibility of communication equipment is greatly enhanced.

3. Communication waveform

Aiming at the problem of poor waveform reusability and portability, the invention refers to an ISO layered model to divide waveform components into physical layer components, link components, network components, IO components and common components, wherein the components use interfaces and services of a core framework, and the component interfaces adopt standardized definitions. The division mode embodies the idea of waveform application modularization design, but for most waveforms, the granularity of component division is coarse, and the requirement of component transplantation multiplexing is difficult to achieve. The vehicle radio station component is further subdivided and expanded according to functions based on an ISO layered model and according to the actual capacity of a system, and FIG. 3 is a component structure applied to vehicle radio station waveforms. The specific structure is as follows:

physical layer: the system comprises a radio frequency component, a modulation and demodulation component and a relay component. The radio frequency component comprises up-down frequency conversion, gain control, frequency control, equalization and the like. The modem components include modem, interleave/deinterleave, AD/DA conversion, and the like.

And a link layer: the system comprises a link control component and a bridge component. The link control components include packetization, packet scheduling, packet routing, link quality measurements, and the like.

Network layer: the system comprises a routing component and a network component. Routing components include address translation, routing, message transmission, multicasting, broadcasting, and the like. Network components include message routing, message multicasting, message broadcasting, network neighbor discovery, routing table maintenance, and the like.

IO layer: the device comprises a serial port assembly, an Ethernet assembly and an audio port assembly. The serial port component comprises port configuration, message receiving and sending and the like; the Ethernet component comprises port configuration, message receiving and sending and the like; the audio ports include port configuration, PTT, voice coding, messaging, etc.

Common layer: the system comprises a gateway component, a message filter component and a location awareness component. The gateway component comprises message translation, voice translation and video translation; the message filtering component comprises a filtering type, a filtering algorithm, a filtering priority and the like; the location awareness components include location reporting, location merging reporting, and decentralized location reporting.

The totality of components can be viewed as a component library, from which reusable components can be looked up when developing new waveforms, and new functionality can be added by extending the components if the component library does not contain reusable components.

The waveform uses the interface provided by the operating environment, and fig. 4 is a diagram of the interface relationship between the waveform application and the operating environment. The interaction between the application component and the platform equipment and the service is based on the API interface, the application component can only use the interface of an operating system constrained by AEP (application Environment profile), the interaction between the application component and the control of the core framework is constrained by the basic application interface, and the interaction between the control of the core framework and the platform equipment, the application component and the service component of the platform is based on a specific transmission mechanism.

4. System management

The general hardware platform and the operating environment constitute a base platform on which different waveform applications can be loaded. But it is not sufficient for a specific radio to be composed of only a general hardware platform, operating environment and waveforms, the radio is to accept control commands and data from local or remote, and therefore system management is also an integral part of the architecture. The system management of the invention is divided into a data distribution processing module, a configuration management module, a fault management module, a performance management module, a safety management module and the like, and the system management can be specifically defined according to the actual equipment requirement.

The architecture shown in fig. 1 constitutes a component of a particular radio device that does not yet adequately embody the software required by the particular device. By way of further illustration, FIG. 5 is a software functional hierarchy diagram of a device system that more fully describes the software components of the device, with the core framework and platform devices and services, real-time operating system and transport mechanism, BSP and device drivers, bus structure and hardware making up the basic platform of the device; the operating system and transport mechanism provide services for system management, waveform application, and core frameworks; the system management is respectively provided with interfaces for interacting with a core framework, waveform application and a human-computer interface; the waveform application may also interact with the core framework.

In summary, the architecture designed by the present invention provides a well-defined hardware and software framework for waveform and network applications that is flexible, versatile, open, easily adaptable to both legacy and new waveforms, and also accepts new extensions and technology insertions.

The invention also provides a software radio-based vehicle-mounted radio station implementation method which comprises an iteration mode and a parallel mode.

The first method is as follows: implementing vehicle radio station in iterative manner

This embodiment will illustrate in an iterative manner how hardware and software classes are used in station design along with a rule set. The software objects of the vehicle radio implemented in an iterative manner are derived from the architecture-defined software classes and the hardware objects are derived from the architecture-defined generic hardware classes by iterative analysis.

The flow chart of the vehicle radio station design in an iterative manner as shown in fig. 6: the first step is to overlay the initial application software on a generic set of hardware objects. And then quantifying the whole hardware resource requirement, including all waveforms, networks, operating environment overhead and reserved allowance, so far, the requirement of all hardware resources is clear. Values are then assigned to the attributes of the hardware objects according to the rule set of the application system. It is then determined by performance analysis whether the (hardware object) meets the required performance of the system. If the achievable and effective scheme is not achieved, the first step is returned, and the steps are repeated to modify the segmentation and selection of the hardware object attribute. Once an implementable, efficient solution is obtained, the definition of the car radio is completed.

The process of designing the car radio in an iterative manner is a process of selecting hardware and software objects by applying a rule set of a system, and comprises the steps of overlaying application software on the hardware objects, analyzing system performance and specifying attributes of the hardware objects. The application of the rule set enables the designed system to be more beneficial to the inclusion and reusability of hardware.

The second method comprises the following steps: parallel implementation of vehicle radio station

Because the waveform and the station platform can be designed in parallel, the vehicle station can be realized in a parallel mode besides an iteration mode. The process of implementing the car radio in parallel can be described as: and after the waveform application and the equipment platform are subjected to independent test verification respectively, system integration verification is carried out, and equipment is formed finally.

As shown in fig. 7, the specific steps of waveform application are algorithm development, building a function module structure, developing a waveform prototype, component deployment and allocation, detailed design and code implementation in sequence.

The specific steps of algorithm development are modeling and simulation of a core waveform algorithm by using MATLAB and other tools, and the algorithm is distributed to each waveform logic component by using UML componentization modeling technology and tools. And then developing a waveform prototype by using development tools such as C + +, MATLAB and the like, wherein the instantaneity can be temporarily not considered. Then determining the deployment allocation of all waveform components on processors such as GPP (General Purpose Processor), DSP (Digital Signal Processing Digital Signal Processor), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and the like according to requirements, then carrying out detailed design according to the target platform and the selection of real-time prototype of the components, realizing SCA (Software Communication Architecture) waveform component framework, and then carrying out system-level verification, test and integration;

the platform design of the radio station is sequentially realized by determining the structure and performance constraint of a hardware system, selecting the type of the hardware, developing an engineering prototype and finally: according to requirements, performing preliminary prototype design, basic circuit design, power budget and the like of a hardware platform, and then determining a final bill of materials; based on the final bill of materials, the functional equivalent engineering prototype development is carried out without considering the constraint of the form factor, and the functional equivalent engineering prototype development comprises the realization of platform basic elements, such as BSP, a drive, a logic device component, a service component and the like; and then, developing according to the size of actual needs, and designing according to the compatibility, the radio frequency performance, the bit error rate, the throughput and other aspects of the air interface.

Because the operating environment only affects the framework of the waveform application component and the platform component, but has no influence on the design of the algorithm of the waveform core and the design of the hardware platform, the technical thresholds of a waveform application developer and a platform developer can be effectively reduced by providing a plurality of standard component frameworks, so that the technical thresholds can be focused on the requirements of the waveform service and the equipment platform.

Adaptation and modification of the relevant modules and software architectures of the above-described embodiments may also be made by those skilled in the art, given the benefit of the teachings and teachings of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims (5)

1. A vehicle radio station system based on software radio comprises a general hardware platform, an operating environment, a communication waveform and a system management module, wherein the hardware platform is positioned at the lowest layer, the operating environment is above the hardware platform, the communication waveform runs on the operating environment, the system management module receives local or remote control commands and data, and the management and control of the whole equipment are realized by using the operating environment, the communication waveform and an interface provided by a system application;

the general hardware platform comprises a hardware class and a rule set, wherein the hardware class can be decomposed into subclasses to a final hardware object according to an object-oriented method;

the operating environment comprises an operating system, a transmission mechanism, a core framework, platform equipment and platform services; the core framework provides abstraction of bottom-layer software and hardware for communication waveforms and provides basic interfaces and services for development of application components of the communication waveforms;

the communication waveform divides a waveform component with reference to an OSI layered model, the waveform component uses interfaces and services in a core framework, the interfaces and services adopt standardized definitions;

the system can be implemented in an iterative or parallel mode;

the waveform application component uses an AEP-constrained operating system interface, the interaction between the waveform application component and the core framework control is constrained by a basic application interface, and the interaction between the core framework control and the platform equipment, the interaction between the application component and the platform service component are all based on a CORBA transmission mechanism.

2. The software radio-based vehicular radio system of claim 1, wherein the generic hardware platform comprises a chassis super class and a module super class, the chassis super class providing top-level properties including power, size, platform, and environmental interfaces; the module superclass defines a rule set of sharable size, chassis interface type and chassis environment requirements; the module super class includes a radio frequency class, a modem class, a processor class, an information security class, an input/output class, a 15 power class, and an interconnection bus.

3. The software radio based vehicular radio system of claim 1, wherein the core framework and the platform device, platform services, operating system and transport mechanism, BSP and device drivers, bus structure and hardware comprise a basic platform for the device; the operating system and the transmission mechanism provide services for system management, waveform application and a core framework; the system management is provided with an interface interacting with a core framework, a waveform application and a human-computer interface; the waveform application may interact with a core framework.

4. The software radio based vehicular radio system of claim 1, wherein the communication waveform is divisible into a physical layer, a MAC layer, a link layer, a network layer, an IO layer.

5. A method for realizing a vehicle-mounted radio station system based on software radio is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps:

s101, overlaying initial application software on a general hardware object;

s102, quantifying the whole hardware resource requirement, including all waveforms, network, operation environment overhead and reserved allowance;

s103: assigning values for attributes of the hardware objects according to a rule set of an application system;

s104: determining whether the hardware object in step S103 satisfies the performance required by the system through performance analysis; if the achievable and effective scheme is not achieved, the segmentation and selection of the hardware object attribute are modified, and the step S101 is repeatedly executed;

s105, when each hardware object meets the performance index, the definition of the vehicle-mounted radio station is completed;

the system can be implemented in an iterative or parallel mode;

the waveform application component uses an AEP-constrained operating system interface, the interaction between the waveform application component and the core framework control is constrained by a basic application interface, and the interaction between the core framework control and the platform equipment, the interaction between the application component and the platform service component are all based on a CORBA transmission mechanism.

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