CN106651206A - Method for evaluating testability evaluation index system of relay protection - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the testability evaluation index system of relay protection. The method for evaluating the testability evaluation index system of relay protection comprises the following steps: dividing the testability evaluation index system of relay protection firstly; selecting the specific evaluation indexes as the underlying indexes according to the engineering practice; weighting the underlying indexes according to the importance; confirming the measured values of the underlying indexes according to the operation data of the actual power grid of the designated area, and confirming the standard values of the underlying indexes by searching the relevant reference data; and comparing the measured values with the standard values, translating the measured values of the underlying indexes into scoring values, and obtaining the index values under the testability dimension of the relay protection combined with the weighting result of the step 3. The method for evaluating the testability evaluation index system of relay protection put forward a comprehensive testability evaluation index system, and the support of protection in testability dimension can be provided for the maintenance of the relay protection devices by establishing the system, and the method for evaluating the testability evaluation index system of relay protection is suitable for the evaluation of each stage of the relay protection such as maintenance, management, research and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Relay Protection Technology in Power System field, more particularly to a kind of relay protection test evaluation index
The appraisal procedure of system.
Background technology
Current China electrical network has the characteristics of grid structure of complicated interconnection and alternating current-direct current series-parallel connection, and the electrical network of super interconnection is given
While people bring huge interests, operation also to electrical network, maintenance bring huge challenge.Relay protection is power system peace
All risk insurance barrier the first line of defence, relay protection can normal work, have great impact to Operation of Electric Systems.In Large-Scale Interconnected
In electrical network, Local Accidents may cause the large-area power-cuts of whole system, and with the expansion of power system scale, accident is sent out
Raw probability also can increase.When the grid collapses, if protective relaying device is unable to correct operation, power train can not only be made
The failure propagation of system, in some instances it may even be possible to whole mains breakdown is caused because of bad chain reaction, causes large-area power-cuts, gives people
Normal life, economic development and social stability bring and have a strong impact on, as the Fundamentals in relay protection assessment and evaluation
The important evidence of relay protection, evaluation index is one of emphasis of research.
Relay protection system plays vital effect in terms of protection power system security, stable operation, with electricity
That what is netted develops rapidly, and power transmission and transforming equipment is used on a large scale, and all kinds of protective relaying devices are also emerged in multitude, in order to break through tradition
The test pattern individually adjusted with routine tests according to functional module, the application of relay protection automatic checkout system can be greatly
Improve operating efficiency；Simultaneously with the application of new protective relaying device, the automatic test of computer based Microcomputer Protection
Technology has become a part indispensable during relay protection test.Testability refers to product can be promptly and accurately
Its state (can work, can not work or hydraulic performance decline degree) of determination and isolate a kind of design characteristics of its internal fault, if
Science does not divide relay protection test index system and is further studied on this basis, just cannot be comprehensive and accurate
Evaluate relay protection, it is therefore necessary to propose a kind of relay protection test evaluation index system, and based on this index system
It is estimated the research of method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system, the method proposition
A set of comprehensive testability evaluation index system, by the foundation of the system can provide survey for the maintenance of protective relaying device
The support of protection in examination property dimension, it is adaptable to the assessment in each stage such as relay protection is safeguarded, management, research and development.
A kind of appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system, methods described includes：
Step 1, division relay protection test evaluation index system；
Step 2, specific evaluation index is chosen as bottom index according to engineering is actual；
Step 3, carry out tax power by importance for the bottom index；
Step 4, the measured value that the bottom index is determined according to the service data of designated area actual electric network, search related
Reference determines the standard value of the bottom index；
Step 5, the measured value and the standard value are contrasted, the measured value of the bottom index is converted into and is commented
Score value, in conjunction with the desired value under the tax power result acquisition relay protection test dimension of the step 3.
In the step 1, the relay protection test evaluation index for being marked off includes two class two-level index：
Protection system performance detection index and protection system fault pre-alarming index.
The protection system performance detection index includes：Fault detect rate and mean time to detection；
The protection system fault pre-alarming index includes：False alarm rate, average false-alarm interval time, fault pre-alarming rate and average
Fault pre-alarming blocking time.
In the step 2, selected bottom index includes：
Fault detect rate and false alarm rate.
It is described to carry out entitled process by importance for bottom index and be specially in the step 3：
From improved entropy method and G1 methods, the result calculated with reference to both obtains comprehensive weight, is that bottom index is assigned
Power.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, said method proposes a set of comprehensive testability assessment
Index system, the support protected in testability dimension can be provided by setting up for the system for the maintenance of protective relaying device,
Suitable for the assessment in each stage such as relay protection maintenance, management, research and development.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below will be to use needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be obtaining other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is illustrated by the appraisal procedure flow process that the embodiment of the present invention provides relay protection test evaluation index system
Figure；
The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is divided for relay protection test index described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on this
Inventive embodiment, the every other enforcement that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, is illustrated in figure 1 enforcement of the present invention
Example provides the appraisal procedure schematic flow sheet of relay protection test evaluation index system, and methods described includes：
Step 1, division relay protection test evaluation index system；
Testability is a kind of design characteristics of relay protection, a kind of build-in attribute given when being design, is that protection is event
The characteristic of barrier diagnosis provides convenient, such as built-in test, performance detection, state-detection and external test facility compatibility, are easy to certainly
Dynamic test equipment is tested or manual testing etc., and the design of testability is to improve the energy of product self diagnosis and external diagnosis
Power, can easily and effectively determine Product Status and isolated fault.
In this step, the relay protection test evaluation index for being marked off includes two class two-level index：
Protection system performance detection index and protection system fault pre-alarming index.
The schematic diagram that relay protection test index described in the embodiment of the present invention is divided is illustrated in figure 2, with reference to Fig. 2：Protect
Protecting system performance detection index includes the index such as fault detect rate and mean time to detection, and this kind of index is protected to evaluating this set
The self diagnosis and external diagnosis performance of protecting system is significant, and the testability of higher standard does not require nothing more than clear and definite test object
And method of testing, it should also be expressly that being setting or minimum acceptable value.
Protection system fault pre-alarming index includes false alarm rate, average false-alarm interval time, fault pre-alarming rate and mean failure rate
Early warning blocking time etc..The fault pre-alarming index of protection system refer to protection system self-inspection detect the failure of system itself and
The index of alarm signal is sent, the index reflection has gone out a kind of detection of the protection system performance that self-inspection detects and state, this
Although class index applies few in current relay protection, in future as electrical network becomes increasingly complex, the related guarantor of electrical network
Shield also can be more complicated, and what the indexs such as the false alarm rate in testability category, fault pre-alarming may require that is more fine and accurate.
In implementing, the definition of above-mentioned testability index and computational methods are as follows：
(1) fault detect rate (FDR)：The number of faults being correctly detecting with the method for regulation and the ratio of failure sum.
(2) mean time to detection (TFD)：
(3) fault pre-alarming rate (FIR)：With the method for regulation by the correct early warning of the failure for detecting, and it is latched to no more than
The ratio of the number of faults of regulation fuzziness and the number of faults for detecting.
(4) false alarm rate (FAR)：The indicating fault sum in false-alarm number and same time occurred within the time of regulation
Than.
(5) average false-alarm interval time (MTBFA)：System operation total time and the false-alarm total degree occurred within this time
Ratio；
Wherein：N is failure sum；NDIt is the number of faults being correctly detecting with the method for regulation；NILIt is the method with regulation
The correct early warning of failure for detecting and the number of faults for being latched to no more than regulation fuzziness；NFAFor false-alarm number of times；NIDIt is total to report to the police
Number of times；T is system cumulative operation time；λDThe total failare rate of the fault mode to be detected；λ is the total of all fault modes
Fault rate；λiFor the fault rate of i-th fault mode；λDiTo be detected the total failare rate of fault mode for i-th；λILIt is with rule
The correct early warning of failure that fixed method is detected simultaneously is latched to the fault rate of no more than regulation fuzziness；λILiFor i-th failure mould
The correct early warning of failure that the method that formula specifies is detected simultaneously is latched to the fault rate of no more than regulation fuzziness；λFAFalse-alarm occurs
Frequency.
(6) mean failure rate early warning blocking time (TFI)：
In formula：tFDiIt is the detection time to i ＆ lt failure；tLiIt is the early warning blocking time to i ＆ lt failure.
Step 2, specific evaluation index is chosen as bottom index according to engineering is actual；
In this step, the bottom index according to selected by current engineering reality includes：Fault detect rate and false alarm rate.
The selection of above-mentioned bottom index can be changed according to actual needs, to increase its flexibility.
Step 3, carry out tax power by importance for the bottom index；
In this step, comprehensive weight can be obtained, is from improved entropy method and G1 methods, the result calculated with reference to both
Bottom index carries out tax power.
Below above-mentioned tax power process is described in detail with specific example：
The calculating hypothesis evaluation index set for selecting improved entropy method, improved entropy method first has m factor, allows n specially
Family carries out tax weight to each factor, then obtain weight matrix F：
rijRepresent tax weights of j-th expert to i-th index, wherein i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... n are first to each
The weights of row carry out asking entropy computing to be referred to as row entropy, that is, seek the entropy of the weights that certain expert gives to m index, andThe formula of row entropy is：
HjWhat is represented is the entropy of the weights that j-th expert gives to m index.This expert is represented when row entropy is bigger
The value of utility that offer weight is brought is little, should give up；A threshold value need to be set for this, is given up and is given more than the expert of this threshold value
Weights, according to expertise that maximum value of row entropy is cast out.Hypothesis has given up the weights given more than the expert of threshold value, also
The weights that q expert gives, rebuild accordingly weight matrix F'：
The entropy of every a line of this matrix, that is, entropy of the q expert to the entitled weights of certain index are asked again,
Referred to as row entropy, asks for before row entropy being first normalized the weights of every a line of F'：
So thatWherein i=1,2 ... m, j=1,2 ... q.Row entropy H can be obtained accordinglyi：
Work as HiBigger explanation q expert have no objection to the tax weights of i-th index, and recognition rate is high, and accuracy is higher, table
Show that i-th index is not result in that larger error occurs in evaluation result, otherwise then make evaluation result error big, so HiBigger expression
The importance of index i is bigger.Ask for the standard deviation of the i-th row:
WhereinIf σiValue it is bigger to represent these experts larger for the difference of same index,
Then the weight of the index may be inaccurate, therefore should reduce the weight of the index.According to standard deviation sigmaiWith row entropy Hi, obtain final
Index weight value should be：
Wherein uiIt is average of the index q expert to index i.
Further, the calculating of G1 methods allows expert according to protective relaying device assessment level to index factor collection { x1,x2,…
xmAccording to importance ranking, expert is allowed first in index set { x1,x2,…xmSelect and be considered that a most important index is designated as
x1 *, it is further continued in remaining m-1 index, select and be considered that a most important index is designated as x2 *, by that analogy, pass through
Select for m-1 time, final remaining evaluation index is designated asAn order relation is thus uniquely determined：
If expert is with regard to evaluation indexWithImportance degree ratioRational judgment it is as shown in table 1：
Table 1Assignment reference table
Wherein：
What if expert was givenRationality assignment, then index weightsFor：
By above-mentioned (15), (16) can obtain finallyValue.
Above-mentioned improved entropy method obtains weight for wiWeight v is obtained with G1 methodsi(2) i=k=m, m-1 ... 3, then combine
Two kinds of weights obtain comprehensive weight and adopt equation below：
Wherein AiIt is exactly the weight of index i after two kinds of weight combinations,After obtaining the weight for combining, when certain
When the measured value of individual index exceeds normal range (NR), combining weights cannot accurate response to go out it important in evaluation system
Property, variable weight need to be carried out to it and obtains suitable weight, when measured value exceedes the upper limit of normal range (NR), then the formula of variable weight
For：
When measured value, less than the lower limit of normal range (NR), then variable weight formula is：
Wherein Ai' (i=1,2 ... m) be index i variable weight, uminAnd umaxRefer respectively to mark the minimum of a value and maximum of i
Value uiIt is actual measured value, will finally obtains variable weight and combining weights are normalized and can be obtained by final each index
Weight：
Or：
(20) are adopted when index i is abnormal index, when i is normal index (21) are adopted.A represents comprehensive weight
Index and, A ' represents the variable weight sum of abnormal index.
By above-mentioned process, it is possible to allow expert rule of thumb and combine the measured data for obtaining each index to this m
Index gives certain score value, and the full marks of each index are 100, then so that the point value of evaluation of each index combines the power of the index
Weight, and they are added the scoring obtained in assessed dimension：
P=T1s1+T2s2+…+Tmsm (22)
P is the score value in institute's dimensions, si(i=1,2 ... it is m) expert to index i point value of evaluation.
Step 4, the measured value that the bottom index is determined according to the service data of designated area actual electric network, search related
Reference determines the standard value of the bottom index；
For example, based on relay protection test evaluation index system, A area power grids protection testability dimension index is commented
Estimate under dimension choose typical bottom index, according to related data determine standard value range, the index measured value it is as follows
Shown in table 2：
Table 2
Step 5, the measured value and the standard value are contrasted, the measured value of the bottom index is converted into and is commented
Score value, in conjunction with the desired value under the tax power result acquisition relay protection test dimension of the step 3.
Here the process is illustrated in conjunction with reality, intends choosing A, B area power grid protective relaying device conduct
The example that comparative analysis is calculated：
Weight is calculated first with improved entropy method, the reference data according to table 2 obtains index score value such as following table
Shown in 3：
The testability bottom index score value of table 3
And then it is 5 to obtain index number m, expert n is 5, and weight matrix F is：
Give up maximum, the weight matrix F' for reconfiguring after the row entropy that 5 experts are obtained by formula (8):
When row entropy Hi it is bigger explanation q expert the tax weights of i-th index are had no objection, recognition rate height, accuracy compared with
Height, represents that i-th index is not result in that larger error occurs in evaluation result, otherwise then makes evaluation result error big,
So the bigger importance for representing index i of Hi is bigger.
By formula (11), (12), (13) can row entropy Hi, standard deviation sigmai, average ui, index weights wiAs shown in table 4：
The improved entropy method Maintainability index result of calculation table of table 4
Then weight is calculated using G1 methods：
Known this 5 index { x1=fault detect rate, x2=false alarm rate, x3=mean time to detection, x4=failure
Early warning rate, x5=mean failure rate early warning blocking time }；Expert is allowed rule of thumb to list this 5 indexs from big to small in order：
{x4≥x1≥x2≥x5≥x3}；Again it is expressed as：So rk *Value can allow expert according to table 1
Carry out rational judgment:
What if expert was givenRationality assignment, then index weightsFor：
The weighted value of the G1 method parameters of table 5
Further, comprehensive weight calculating is being carried out：
The weight that obtains of Improved entropy is wiWeight v is obtained with G1 methodsk(2) i=k=m, m-1 ... 3, combine two kinds
Weight obtains comprehensive weight and obtains comprehensive weight using formula (17)：
A1=0.2618, A2=0.1712, A3=0.1334, A4=0.2182, A5=0.2154.
Testability dimension score calculation is being carried out, is specifically allowing expert rule of thumb and with reference to the actual measurement for obtaining each index
Data give certain score value to this m index, and the full marks of each index are 100, then so that the point value of evaluation knot of each index
The weight of the index is closed, and they are added the scoring for obtaining final test dimension：
P=T1s1+T2s2+…+Tmsm；
P is the scoring of testability dimension, si(i=1,2 ... is m) expert to index i point value of evaluation, calculates last commenting
The score value P=88.923 for estimating；
B electric network protection testability dimension analysis and assessment results can be obtained in the same manner：
The B electric network protection testability bottom index score values of table 6
Last point value of evaluation P=93.923 is obtained according to above-mentioned processing method.
In sum, the method that the embodiment of the present invention is provided has the advantage that：
1st, embodiment of the present invention methods described proposes a set of comprehensive testability evaluation index system, by this system
To set up can be that the maintenance management research staff of protective relaying device provide testability dimension the interior operating analysis thinking protected；
2nd, due to bottom index basis for selecting residing for safeguard, management, the stage such as research and development can embody difference, the present invention is real
Apply a methods described and consider the different problem of bottom index importance, and use improved entropy method and G1 methods on this basis
The method of combination weights, so as to get result it is more credible, and this roadmap has flexibility, it is adaptable to relay protection
The assessment in each stage such as maintenance, management, research and development.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
All should be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Step 1, division relay protection test evaluation index system；
Step 2, specific evaluation index is chosen as bottom index according to engineering is actual；
Step 3, carry out tax power by importance for the bottom index；
Step 4, the measured value that the bottom index is determined according to the service data of designated area actual electric network, search coherent reference
Data determines the standard value of the bottom index；
Step 5, the measured value and the standard value are contrasted, the measured value of the bottom index is converted into scoring
Value, in conjunction with the desired value under the tax power result acquisition relay protection test dimension of the step 3.
2. the appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In step 1, the relay protection test evaluation index for being marked off includes two class two-level index：
Protection system performance detection index and protection system fault pre-alarming index.
3. the appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The protection system performance detection index includes：Fault detect rate and mean time to detection；
The protection system fault pre-alarming index includes：False alarm rate, average false-alarm interval time, fault pre-alarming rate and mean failure rate
Early warning blocking time.
4. the appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
In step 2, selected bottom index includes：
Fault detect rate and false alarm rate.
5. the appraisal procedure of relay protection test evaluation index system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
It is described to carry out entitled process by importance for bottom index and be specially in step 3：
From improved entropy method and G1 methods, the result calculated with reference to both obtains comprehensive weight, is that bottom index carries out tax power.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110334817A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-10-15 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of relay protection maintainability distribution index system and appraisal procedure |
| CN111126821A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 华北电力大学 | Testability index evaluation method suitable for home-made relay protection of core components |
| CN112506849A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-03-16 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Low-voltage relay protection device function configuration method and system based on MCU chip |
| CN112686530A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Relay protection operation reliability evaluation method |
-
2016
- 2016-12-30 CN CN201611258318.5A patent/CN106651206A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110334817A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-10-15 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of relay protection maintainability distribution index system and appraisal procedure |
| CN111126821A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 华北电力大学 | Testability index evaluation method suitable for home-made relay protection of core components |
| CN112506849A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-03-16 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Low-voltage relay protection device function configuration method and system based on MCU chip |
| CN112686530A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Relay protection operation reliability evaluation method |
| CN112686530B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-26 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Relay protection operation reliability evaluation method |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |
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