CN106650785A - Weighted evidence fusion method based on evidence classification and conflict measurement - Google Patents
Weighted evidence fusion method based on evidence classification and conflict measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a weighted evidence fusion method based on evidence classification and conflict measurement. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, measurement information of multiple sensors is acquired and converted to evidence information; then, whether to have consistency is calculated on each two evidences; if yes, a consistency conflict coefficient is calculated, and if not, an inconsistency conflict coefficient is calculated; then, the weight coefficient of an evidence is solved jointly, and a fused evidence is corrected according to the weight coefficient; and finally, a Dempster combination rule is adopted to carry out one-by-one fusion on evidences after correction, and a decision result for final target recognition is outputted. Compared with the traditional algorithm, the scheme of the invention comprehensively considers the difference of basic probability assignment of focal elements in a single subset between evidences and the support degree of the part in which intersections of different focal elements between evidences are not empty, the conflict degree between evidences is measured jointly, the weight coefficient of the fused evidence is determined on the basis, the fused evidence is corrected, and important theoretical significance and practical value are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of multisource information fusion, more particularly to it is a kind of based on the classification of evidence and measure method for conflict plus
Warrant is according to fusion method.
Background technology
At present, developing rapidly with computer technology and information technology, various many sensings towards complicated applications background
Device information system is continued to bring out, but sensor has various uncertain factors in perception, therefore, the data that system is obtained
With all multiple features such as uncertain and unreliable.In order to extract real-time, effective and accurate information from multi-sensor information, use
To judge the attribute and feature of identification target, it is necessary to carry out effective information fusion to multi-sensor data.Multi-source information melts
Multiple sensors are provided conjunction technology complementary and redundancy in the time or spatially, improve target identification system performance and
Reliability, obtains to more complete, more accurate, the more reliable inference of things.Dempster-Shafer evidence theories are in uncertain letter
The unique advantage of the aspect such as breath expression and fusion method, the sign and fusion for decision level uncertain information provides strong
Means, obtain a wide range of applications in fields such as target identification, image procossings.But in actual applications, due to sensor itself
Limitation and monitoring of environmental in interference or the factor such as artificial disturbance, the identification target information for causing its output there may be
The conflict even situation of contradiction.Evidence theory generally weighs the conflict spectrum between evidence using conflict coefficient, but research shows
Conflict coefficient has some shortcomings, and such as two on all four evidences, the conflict coefficient calculated between evidence is but not zero.
In addition, in real application systems, during conflicting evidence fusion problem high using the process of Dempster rules of combination, often obtaining
Run counter to the fusion results of intuition, it is impossible to carry out effective decision-making, greatly have impact on the decision-making performance of emerging system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of based on the classification of evidence and the weighted evidence fusion method of measure method for conflict, Neng Gouyou
Correct decisions are made to recognizing target in effect ground.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Based on the classification of evidence and the weighted evidence fusion method of measure method for conflict, including following step:
A, the Basic Probability As-signment by obtaining the burnt unit of the corresponding evidence of multiple sensor measurement informations, by each evidence
Regard a vector, the vector m of i-th evidence asi=(mi(θ1),…,mi(θr),…,mi(θk))TRepresent, wherein i=
1,2 ..., n, n are the sum of evidence vector, and k is Jiao unit number in framework of identification Θ, r=1,2 ..., k;
B, to above-mentioned i-th evidence miWith j-th evidence mjWhether it is that consistent evidence is judged:According to miMiddle maximum
The corresponding burnt unit of Basic Probability As-signment and evidence mjWhether the corresponding burnt unit of Basic Probability As-signment of middle maximum is that same burnt unit is next
Judge, if same burnt unit, then claim evidence miAnd mjFor consistent evidence, otherwise claim evidence miAnd mjFor non-uniform evidence, wherein i,
J=1,2 ..., n;i≠j;
C, by following formulaDifference property coefficient is calculated, any i-th evidence m is obtainediWith
J evidence mjBetween otherness coefficient d (mi,mj), M in formulaiRepresent a row vector, DiRepresent a column vector;
D, by any evidence miAnd mjBetween otherness coefficient d (mi,mj) public affairs are passed through respectively according to classification of evidence result
Formula:WithCalculate and appoint
Anticipate consistent evidence miAnd mjWith non-uniform evidence miAnd mjBetween conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj);
E, by any i-th evidence m for obtainingiWith j-th evidence mjBetween conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj) by public affairs
Formula: Try to achieve i-th evidence with
Total conflict spectrum factor conf (m of other n-1 evidencei) and i-th evidence and other n-1 evidences relative degree of support
Factor t ruf (mi), and using relative degree of support factor t ruf maximum in n evidencemaxWith i evidence and other n-1
The relative degree of support factor t ruf (m of evidencei) obtain weight coefficient ω by following formulai,
Jiao unit θ in F, i-th evidence of noterBasic Probability As-signment mi(θr) represent, wherein r=1,2 ..., k, after amendment
I-th evidence in Jiao unit θrBasic Probability As-signment mi d(θr) represent, according to the weight coefficient ω obtained in step EiPass through
Formula:
Evidence to merging is modified;
It is G, last, revised evidence is merged one by one using Dempster rules of combination, the base of Jiao unit A after fusion
The corresponding burnt first corresponding identification target of the result of decision for target identification of maximum of this probability assignment m (A), as decision-making are most
Termination fruit.
Row vector M described in described step Cr=[- mi(θr)mj(θ1),…,|mi(θr)-mj(θr)|,
…,-mi(θr)mj(θk)], column vector DrExpression formula is
Wherein, r=1,2 ..., k.
Described Dempster rules of combination are:
Wherein, m (A) represents the Basic Probability As-signment of Jiao unit A, and K is conflict coefficient, r, l=1,2 ..., k,For empty set.
As application background, the information that sensor is provided is converted target identification of the present invention based on multisensor measurement
For evidence, evidence is classified from the angle of evidence burnt unit's Basic Probability As-signment, using the otherness system between evidence
Number and exponential function, the conflict coefficient characterized between evidence is constructed respectively according to classification of evidence result, so as to the evidence for merging
It is modified.The present invention program considers the difference of the burnt unit's Basic Probability As-signment of list collection between evidence compared with traditional algorithm
Different burnt unit's common factors different and evidence between are not the degree of support of empty set part, the common conflict spectrum weighed between evidence,
The weight coefficient of fusion evidence is determined on the basis of this, and is modified to merging evidence, finally using Dempster rules of combination
Revised evidence is merged one by one and is made the decision-making last to target identification, with important theory significance and applied valency
Value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the present invention includes following step:
A, the Basic Probability As-signment by obtaining the burnt unit of the corresponding evidence of multiple sensor measurement informations, each is demonstrate,proved
According to regarding a vector, the vector m of i-th evidence asiRepresent, wherein i=1,2 ..., n, n is the sum of evidence vector,
K is Jiao unit number in framework of identification Θ;The different sensor of multiple properties will be obtained first to convert the identification information of target
For multiple evidences, and regard each evidence for merging as a vector.Assume that obtaining n evidence is respectively m1,m2,…,mn,
Assume that Jiao unit in framework of identification Θ is θ1,θ2,…,θk, the corresponding burnt unit's Basic Probability As-signment of i-th evidence is respectively mi
(θ1),mi(θ2),…,mi(θk), regard evidence as vector, then the corresponding element of i-th evidence vector is followed successively by:mi(θ1),mi
(θ2),…,mi(θk)。
During acquisition multisensor observation information of the present invention, also had according to the different modes for obtaining of actual conditions
Institute is different, for example:In the data fusion of multisensor syste target identification, the species of target regards proposition as, each sensor
The judged result to targeted species be given by measurement, process is seen and is testified.
B, to above-mentioned each evidence vector miAnd mjCarry out difference property coefficient calculating:And record any i-th evidence vector mi
With j-th evidence vector mjBetween difference property coefficient be d (mi,mj), wherein i, j=1,2 ..., n;i≠j;
Difference property coefficient between evidence calculates the otherness system that evidence is obtained by relation between row vector and column vector
Number.Difference property coefficient between evidence embodies the otherness between two evidences, and the difference property coefficient between evidence is bigger, card
Conflict spectrum according between is bigger.Difference property coefficient is calculated and passes through following formula in specific step C of the present inventionObtain any i-th evidence vector miWith j-th evidence vector mjBetween otherness coefficient d (mi,
mj), M in formulaiRepresent a row vector, DiRepresent a column vector.Described row vector MrExpression formula is Mr=[- mi
(ωr)mj(ω1),…,|mi(ωr)-mj(ωr)|,…,-mi(ωr)mj(ωk)], column vector DrExpression formula isWherein, r=1,2 ..., k.
C, by any evidence miAnd mjBetween otherness coefficient d (mi,mj) index of the combination with natural constant e as the truth of a matter
Function, according to the classification of evidence result formula is passed through respectively:With
Calculate any evidence miAnd mjBetween conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj);Wherein, e is natural constant, is one and is approximately equal to
2.71828182845904523536 ... irrational number.
D, by any i-th evidence vector miWith j-th evidence vector mjBetween conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj) pass through
3. 2. 1. following three formula try to achieve total conflict spectrum factor conf (m of i-th evidence and other n-1 evidencei) (if two
Conflict coefficient between evidence is bigger, illustrates that the conflict spectrum between two evidences is bigger) and i-th evidence and other n-1
The relative degree of support factor t ruf (m of evidencei), and using relative degree of support factor t ruf maximum in n evidencemaxWith
I-th evidence degree of support factor t ruf (m relative with other n-1 evidencesi) 4. obtain weight coefficient ω by following formulai;
Assume evidence mi,mj(i, j=1,2 ..., n) between conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj), i-th evidence and other n-1 evidence
Total conflict spectrum factor conf (mi) represent, i-th evidence degree of support factor relative with other n-1 evidence is used
truf(mi) represent, maximum relative degree of support factor truf in n evidencemaxRepresent, the weight coefficient of i-th evidence
Use ωiRepresent.Specifically formula is:
trufmax=max (truf (m1),…,truf(mi),…,truf(mn))③
Jiao unit θ in E, i-th evidencerBasic Probability As-signment mi(θr) represent, burnt unit in revised i-th evidence
θrBasic Probability As-signment useRepresent, according to weight coefficient ωiBy formula:
Evidence to merging is modified:Then Dempster groups are adopted
Normally merged, described Dempster rules of combination are:
Wherein, m (A) represents the Basic Probability As-signment of Jiao unit A, and K is conflict coefficient, r, l=1,2 ..., k,For empty set.
The corresponding burnt unit of the maximum of the Basic Probability As-signment m (A) of Jiao unit A is the corresponding identification of the result of decision of target identification after fusion
Target, as decision-making final result.The present invention program considers the burnt unit of list collection in evidence substantially general compared with traditional algorithm
The difference of rate assignment and non-list integrate burnt unit and intersect not as the conflict spectrum between the characterized evidence of the degree of support of empty set, lead to
The weight coefficient that evidences conflict coefficient determines fusion evidence is crossed, and Dempster rules of combination pair are adopted after being modified to evidence
Revised evidence is merged one by one, obtains the rational result of decision, can be very good to be applied in field of target recognition, is had
There are important theory significance and using value.
Illustrating conflict coefficient in evidence theory with concrete instance below can not weigh conflict spectrum between evidence.Example
1 assumes that framework of identification is Θ={ θ1,θ2,θ3,θ4, there are two evidence m that property is different1And m2, its basic probability assignment function
Respectively:
m1:m1(θ1)=0.25, m1(θ2)=0.25, m1(θ3)=0.25, m1(θ4)=0.25;
m2:m2(θ1)=0.25, m2(θ2)=0.25, m2(θ3)=0.25, m2(θ4)=0.25.
By calculating conflict coefficient K=0.75, evidence m may determine that according to K values1And m2Between there is conflict, this is with two
The intuition that there is no conflict between individual on all four evidence judges to contradict.Can according to the measure method for conflict method of this paper
Conf=0 is obtained, it is consistent with theoretical analysis result.
Carried out using specific example the measure method for conflict method in description of test invention can effectively weigh evidence it
Between conflict spectrum:
Example 2 assumes that framework of identification is Θ={ 1,2 ..., 20 }, has two basic probability assignment functions to be respectively:
m1:m1(a)=0.8, m1(2,3,4)=0.05, m1(7)=0.05, m1(Θ)=0.1;
m2:m2(1,2,3,4,5)=1.
According to { 1 }, { 1,2 } ..., { 1,2 ..., 20 } change wherein subset a.
The conflict spectrum tested between evidence by various measure method for conflict methods, evidence m1And m2Between conflict coefficient with
The results contrast the change of subset a and change is as shown in table 1.Wherein, K represents rushing in Dempster-Shafer evidence theories
Prominent coefficient, difBetP be Pignistic probability metricses, dJJousselme evidence distances are represented, conf is in patent of the present invention
Evidences conflict balancing method.
Found out by table 1, with the change of subset a, conflict coefficient K is always 0.05, it is impossible to reflect evidence m1And m2Between
Conflict situation about changing with subset, is not inconsistent with intuition analysis.Evidences conflict balancing method and its other party in patent of the present invention
Method changes with the change of subset a, and when the conflict between evidence becomes hour, measure method for conflict coefficient also diminishes, and meets theoretical point
Analysis, can effectively weigh the conflict spectrum between evidence.
The different evidence measure method for conflict coefficients comparison results of table 1
Illustrate that the fusion method in this patent can be overcome with the fusion of the high conflicting evidence of effectively solving with specific experiment below
The result of running counter to intuition that Dempster rules of combination occur when high conflicting evidence is solved:
Example 3 assumes that framework of identification is Θ={ θ1,θ2,θ3, wherein θ1Represent bomber, θ2Represent airliner, θ3Represent war
Bucket machine, obtains 4 different evidences of observation information composition property and is respectively using 4 different sensors:
m1:m1(θ1)=0.5, m1(θ2)=0.2, m1(θ3)=0.3;
m2:m2(θ1)=0, m2(θ2)=0.9, m2(θ3)=0.1;
m3:m3(θ1)=0.6, m3(θ2)=0.1, m3(θ3)=0.3;
m4:m4(θ1)=0.8, m4(θ2)=0.1, m4(θ3)=0.1.
The evidences conflict balancing method that the evident information that comprehensive 4 sensors are given is combined in the inventive method can obtain evidence
Relative reliability be respectively 0.3033,0.1141,0.2955,0.2871.It can thus be appreciated that evidence m2It is former because of sensor
Cause or external environmental interference cause and other sensors information collision, and fusion results should be the maximum bomber of possibility,
And the possibility of airliner and fighter plane is very little.Carry out the result of target identification and compare such as table 2 using various combination rule
It is shown.As seen from the results in Table 2:Dempster rules of combination can not be effectively treated to conflicting evidence, if there is evidence to certain
The Basic Probability As-signment of one proposition is 0, and no matter follow-up fusion evidence supports much to the proposition, then fusion results are always 0.
The method of document [1] is overly conservative, and with the increase of evidence number, the uncertainty of fusion results is also increasing, and does not meet not
The purpose of certainty reasoning.The method convergence rate of document [2] is slow, when 4 evidence fusions are collected, still can not correctly do
Go out decision-making.Document [3,4] although method can correctly make a policy when 3 evidences are collected, in 3 evidence fusions
Result m (θ afterwards1)<0.5, m (θ1) and m (θ2) numerical value is closer to.The method of document [5] can be very in 3 evidence fusions
Make a policy well, and the last fusion results proposition θ of the inventive method1Basic Probability As-signment m (θ1) maximum, reach
0.9231, and can preferably make a policy compared with the method for document [5] when 3 evidence fusions are collected, m (θ1)
Numerical value reach 0.6503.The inventive method reduces the impact of interference evidence, and fast convergence rate reduces risk of policy making, carries
The reliability of result when high conflicting evidence merges.
Table 2 is carried out the result of target identification and is compared using various combination rule
Each document for using in table 2 is as follows:
[1]Yager R R.On the Dempster-Shafer framework and new combination
rules[J].Information Sciences,1987,41(2):93-137.
[2] Sun Quan, Ye Xiuqing, Gu Weikang. a kind of new composite formula [J] based on evidence theory. electronic letters, vol,
2000,28(8):117-119.
[3] Li Bicheng, Wang Bo, Wei Jun, etc. a kind of effective evidence theory composite formula [J]. data acquisition and procession,
2002,17(1):33-36.
[4] Quan Wen, Wang Xiaodan, Wang Jian, etc. a kind of DST rules of combination [J] distributed based on local conflicts. electronic letters, vol,
2012,40(9):1880-1884.
[5] Hu Changhua, department wins by a narrow margin, Zhou Zhijie, etc. the D-S innovatory algorithms [J] under new evidences conflict criterion. electricity
Sub- journal, 2009,37 (7):1578-1583.
Claims (3)
1. based on the classification of evidence and the weighted evidence fusion method of measure method for conflict, it is characterised in that:Including following step:
A, the Basic Probability As-signment by obtaining the burnt unit of the corresponding evidence of multiple sensor measurement informations, each evidence is regarded as
One vector, the vector m of i-th evidencei=(mi(θ1),…,mi(θr),…,mi(θk))TRepresent, wherein i=1,
2 ..., n, n are the sum of evidence vector, and k is Jiao unit number in framework of identification Θ, r=1,2 ..., k;
B, to above-mentioned i-th evidence miWith j-th evidence mjWhether it is that consistent evidence is judged:According to miIt is middle maximum basic
The corresponding burnt unit of probability assignment and evidence mjWhether the corresponding burnt unit of middle maximum Basic Probability As-signment is same burnt unit judging,
If same burnt unit, then claim evidence miAnd mjFor consistent evidence, otherwise claim evidence miAnd mjFor non-uniform evidence, wherein i, j=1,
2,…,n;i≠j;
C, by following formulaDifference property coefficient is calculated, any i-th evidence m is obtainediWith j-th card
According to mjBetween otherness coefficient d (mi,mj), M in formulaiRepresent a row vector, DiRepresent a column vector;
D, by any evidence miAnd mjBetween otherness coefficient d (mi,mj) formula is passed through respectively according to classification of evidence result:WithCalculate any one
Cause evidence miAnd mjWith non-uniform evidence miAnd mjBetween conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj);
E, by any i-th evidence m for obtainingiWith j-th evidence mjBetween conflict coefficient conf (mi,mj) pass through formula:Try to achieve i-th evidence and other n-1
Total conflict spectrum factor conf (m of individual evidencei) and i-th evidence degree of support factor relative with other n-1 evidences
truf(mi), and using relative degree of support factor t ruf maximum in n evidencemaxWith i evidence and other n-1 evidence
Relative degree of support factor t ruf (mi) obtain weight coefficient ω by following formulai,
Jiao unit θ in F, i-th evidence of noterBasic Probability As-signment mi(θr) represent, wherein r=1,2 ..., k, revised the
Jiao unit θ in i evidencerBasic Probability As-signment mi d(θr) represent, according to the weight coefficient ω obtained in step EiBy public affairs
Formula:
Evidence to merging is modified;
It is G, last, revised evidence to be merged one by one using Dempster rules of combination, Jiao unit A's is substantially general after fusion
The corresponding burnt unit of maximum of rate assignment m (A) is the corresponding identification target of the result of decision of target identification, and as decision-making most terminates
Really.
2. according to claim 1 based on the classification of evidence and the weighted evidence fusion method of measure method for conflict, it is characterised in that:
Row vector M described in described step Cr=[- mi(θr)mj(θ1),…,|mi(θr)-mj(θr)|,
…,-mi(θr)mj(θk)], column vector DrExpression formula isIts
In, r=1,2 ..., k.
3. according to claim 1-2 based on the classification of evidence and the weighted evidence fusion method of measure method for conflict, its feature exists
In:Described Dempster rules of combination are:
Wherein, m (A) represents the Basic Probability As-signment of Jiao unit A, and K is conflict coefficient, r, l=1,2 ..., k,For empty set.
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