CN106649882B - Spatial data management middleware applied to telecommunication field and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication and an implementation method thereof, wherein the space data management middleware comprises the following functional frameworks: the system comprises a space analysis service module, a search service module, a network analysis service module, a space data read-write service module, a cache service module and a map rendering adapter. Compared with the prior art, the space data management middleware applied to the telecommunication field and the implementation method thereof indirectly save software and hardware cost and development cost, can bring certain economic benefit, improve the data storage efficiency by means of model simplification, reasonable reduction of data precision and the like, have strong practicability and wide application range, and have good popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of GIS spatial data management, in particular to a spatial data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is a spatial information analysis technology that has been rapidly developed in recent years, and has wide application in the field of telecommunications.
The spatial data management middleware is a middleware technology between a GIS rendering engine and a database management system, is a core component of a GIS software platform and mainly solves the problem of interaction of spatial data. Common Spatial data middleware schemes are ArcSDE by eri, Oracle Spatial by Sun, and SuperMap SDX + by hypergraph, among others.
With the vigorous development of geographic information technology, the application scenes of the geographic information technology become more extensive. The data structure of spatial data becomes more complex to support upper-layer applications, and more data types need to be supported. Various types of data sources such as grid data, vector data, three-dimensional data and network data support the capability of GIS platform diversification, such as:
1. grid data analysis: the method comprises the specific functions of generating an elevation grid, a gradient grid (which can be converted through the elevation grid), a distance grid, a density grid, reclassification, grid calculation and the like.
2. And (3) vector data analysis: including functions such as spatial location based querying, buffer analysis, overlay analysis, proximity analysis, Thiessen polygons, spatial statistics, and the like.
3. Three-dimensional analysis: the method comprises the steps of creating a grid and a TIN surface, and analyzing a series of surfaces such as surface area, volume, gradient slope direction, visibility analysis, surface length and the like, and performing Arcscence three-dimensional visualization, two-dimensional to three-dimensional data conversion and the like.
4. Network analysis: including optimal path, nearest facilities, service area, uplink and downlink, address selection and configuration, etc., can be used to solve the practical problems in life.
The spatial analysis function listed above is only one corner of iceberg in the GIS field, and the functions of the spatial analysis function all depend on modeling of an underlying data model. It can be said that the spatial data underlying model is a key element for determining the applicability and execution efficiency of the geographic information system.
However, the more bulky geographic information system also brings a significant problem, namely the increase of data complexity and software complexity. Taking the Arcgis platform which is in the leading position in the GIS industry as an example, the provided functions cover the aspects of the GIS field, and each professional direction only uses a small part of functions. The investigation shows that: in the field of telecommunication, 90% of service scenes only depend on a very small part of functions of a GIS software platform, and the function utilization rate is less than 5% of the functions of the whole platform. For these 5% functions, the operator has to purchase and deploy the entire set of GIS platform software.
The problems that arise from this are three:
firstly, purchasing and deploying huge GIS software brings high investment of software and hardware;
secondly, the software development cost is increased due to high system complexity and huge project engineering;
thirdly, because the current mainstream bottom models of the commercial and open source GIS platforms need to consider the universalization scene supporting each professional direction, the requirements on the completeness, the rigor and the universality of the data structure are high. The complexity of the space data model is high, and an I/O bottleneck is easy to appear during reading and writing. In order to solve the I/O bottleneck, the common practice can only perform data slicing in a distributed data cluster manner, thereby improving concurrency capability. This further exacerbates problems one and two.
When the current mainstream commercial and open source GIS platforms process static space data, the operation efficiency is good. But for dynamically changing hot data, read and write bottlenecks are significant. The traditional idea for solving the problem is a data clustering scheme, which can effectively alleviate the read-write bottleneck, but also brings new problems of IT complexity improvement and software and hardware cost increase.
Based on the above current situation, the present invention provides a spatial data management middleware applied in the field of telecommunications and an implementation method thereof, so as to solve the above problems. The invention discloses a set of spatial data model tailored for the telecommunication field and encapsulates spatial data management middleware for the spatial data model based on the characteristics of the telecommunication field. Because of the directional modeling, the data structure of the spatial data is greatly simplified, and the efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical task of the invention is to provide a space data management middleware applied to the telecommunication field and an implementation method thereof aiming at the defects.
A space data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunications comprises the following functional architectures:
the spatial analysis service module provides a spatial analysis interface for spatial retrieval, range query and buffer query of resources;
the search service module is used for providing a distributed full-text search engine based on a search server;
the network analysis service module provides optimal path query, possible pipe network path analysis and support for three basic algorithms of depth priority, breadth priority and A + algorithm;
the space data read-write service module is used for reading and writing space data and automatically maintaining indexes;
the cache service module caches the changed data by utilizing a Redis memory database and is used for real-time scenes including monitoring;
and the map rendering adapter is adapted to each GIS picture rendering engine to provide dynamic map rendering service.
The middleware adapted database types include Oracle, Postgresql, Neo4J, and Redis databases.
A method for implementing spatial data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication comprises the following implementation processes:
firstly, analyzing the use characteristics of a geographic information system in the telecommunication field;
then designing a set of spatial data structure;
space data management middleware is packaged on the data structure, and the management middleware provides an index function through a search service module, so that the efficiency of reading, writing and analyzing the space data is improved.
The usage characteristics of the analyzed geographic information system of the telecommunication field include,
dividing the space object into three objects of point, line and line sets on a two-dimensional plane;
data editing of a wireless specialty and a transmission outside line specialty needs dynamic rendering;
the telecommunication field adopts WGS84 earth ellipsoid coordinates;
the minimum line unit consists of point units at two ends, and no line unit without clear end points exists;
the minimum line unit length is that the value range of L is 0.5m < L <2000 m;
and the complex line aggregation unit can be formed by combining minimum line units.
The spatial data structure is composed of the following metadata:
the spatial data source definition table is used for defining database information connected with the data source, and comprises a data source name, a database type, a database connection JSON and a database connection pool size;
the spatial data source registry is used for determining the relationship between the data source and the element type;
and the element class definition table is a specific definition table of the space element class and comprises an element name, an element type, an element class database name and element details JSON.
Based on the use characteristics of the geographic information system in the telecommunication field, the spatial data structure is specifically divided into a point resource spatial data structure, a line resource spatial data structure and a line set spatial data structure.
The point resource space data structure is a binary data structure, each point resource data occupies 32 bytes, and one byte is 8 bits; wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: the unique identification, the type of inter,
bytes 7-8: the LEVEL value of the Hilbert curve is 0-29;
bytes 9-10: hilbert curve length;
bytes 11-18: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 19-20: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 21-22: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 23-24: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 25-32: the space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily.
The line resource space data structure adopts a binary data structure, each line resource data occupies 32 bytes, each byte is 8 bits, wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: unique identification, type of INTEGER;
bytes 7-14: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 15-16: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 17-18: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 19-20: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 21-24: a head link identifier, a head end point identifier of the line object;
bytes 25-28: tail link identification, tail end point identification of line object;
bytes 29-32: the space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily.
The line set spatial data structure is a binary data structure, each line resource data occupies 24+4N bytes, N represents the number of lines constituting a line set, each byte is 8 bits, wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: unique identification, type of INTEGER;
bytes 7-14: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 15-16: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 17-18: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 19-20: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 21-24: space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily;
byte 25- (24 + 4N): a linked list of line resources.
After the middleware is packaged, the middleware provides an index function through a search service module, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the index of the point type data adopts a Hilbert curve algorithm, the coordinates of the Hilbert curve are 0 to 1, and the grid level is 0 to 29;
and the index of the line-to-line set type data adopts an breadth-first algorithm, and the initial value of the algorithm is a Hilbert curve coordinate interval.
Compared with the prior art, the spatial data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication and the implementation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a more concise data structure at the cost of sacrificing the completeness, rigidness and universality of the spatial data model, so that the reading efficiency of the spatial data is greatly improved; generally, GIS principles of spatial original spatial data and network topology data are greatly different, the spatial original spatial data and the network topology data need to be stored in two different formats, so that the data synchronization and network generation overhead can be increased, the real-time performance is poor, the two data are combined into one at a modeling level by combining the modeling characteristics in the telecommunication field, and the efficiency of data network analysis can be greatly improved.
The invention provides a solution for improving the space data read-write efficiency without expanding a data cluster, indirectly saves the software and hardware cost and the development cost, can bring certain economic benefit, improves the data storage efficiency by means of model simplification, reasonable reduction of data precision and the like, has strong practicability and wide application range, and has good popularization and application values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the middleware.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatial data structure.
Fig. 3 is a binary data structure diagram of a point resource data structure.
FIG. 4 is a binary data structure diagram of a line resource space data structure.
FIG. 5 is a binary data structure diagram of a line set resource space data structure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hilbert curve used for point indexing.
FIG. 7 is a one-dimensional line schematic of Hilbert.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the location of the middleware in the geographic information system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
A spatial data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication is a set of spatial data structure which is specially designed aiming at the data characteristics of the telecommunication/communication industry and is packaged on the basis of the set of structure. The middleware relies on a unique modeling and indexing method, and the efficiency of reading, writing and analyzing the spatial data can be greatly improved.
The spatial data management middleware is developed based on Java, generalizes the use characteristics of the geographic information system in the telecommunication field, and performs model design with the aim of bottom layer simplification and function orientation.
The system comprises the following functional architectures:
and the spatial analysis service module provides a spatial analysis interface comprising spatial retrieval, range query and buffer query of resources.
The search service module, namely an Elasticsearch service in the figure, wherein the Elasticsearch is a search server based on Lucene. It provides a distributed multi-user capability full-text search engine. The middleware integrates the support of an ElasticSearch interface
The network analysis service module provides optimal path query, possible pipe network path analysis and support for three basic algorithms of depth priority, breadth priority and A + algorithm;
the space data read-write service module is used for reading and writing space data and automatically maintaining indexes;
the cache service module caches the changed data by utilizing a Redis memory database and is used for real-time scenes including monitoring;
and the map rendering adapter is adapted to each GIS picture rendering engine to provide dynamic map rendering service.
The middleware adapted database types include Oracle, Postgresql, Neo4J, and Redis databases.
A method for realizing a spatial data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication is realized by a set of spatial data models which are tailored for the field of telecommunication and packaging the spatial data management middleware for the spatial data models. Because of the directional modeling, the data structure of the spatial data is greatly simplified, and the efficiency is improved.
The spatial data management middleware can be adapted to any GIS rendering component theoretically, is not coupled with a specific platform, and is a good supplementary scheme for GIS application in the field of telecommunication. FIG. 8 illustrates the location of the middleware of the present invention in a geographic information system.
The invention relates to an effective optimization scheme for solving the bottleneck problem of space data read-write performance in the field of telecommunications. By directly optimizing the data structure at the bottom layer and packaging the data service middleware for the data structure, the read-write efficiency of the spatial data can be obviously improved under the condition of not increasing cluster nodes.
The realization process is as follows:
firstly, analyzing the use characteristics of a geographic information system in the telecommunication field;
then designing a set of spatial data structure;
space data management middleware is packaged on the data structure, and the management middleware provides an index function through a search service module, so that the efficiency of reading, writing and analyzing the space data is improved.
The usage characteristics of the analyzed geographic information system of the telecommunication field include,
in the field of telecommunications, spatial objects are mainly three kinds of objects of a point, a line and a line set on a two-dimensional plane. More complex spatial models may not be considered.
In the field of telecommunication, data editing of wireless specialty and exterior line transmission specialty has high real-time requirements, dynamic rendering is needed, and a slicing technology cannot be used.
The telecommunication field adopts WGS84 earth ellipsoid coordinates without considering the overhead of projection and coordinate transformation
In the field of telecommunications, depth-first, breadth-first and A + algorithms for real-time changing network resources have universal requirements throughout (traditional commercial GIS engines only support static network data)
For map display under a small scale (the small scale means that the visual field is wider), only the approximate outline of the data needs to be displayed, the requirements on space accuracy and accurate number display are not high, and the real-time requirement on the data is not high. Allowing periodic caching allows a greater degree of approximation to be used to improve query efficiency.
For map display under a large scale (the large scale means that the visual field is narrower), the maximum precision error of the data can meet the use requirement within 0.5 meter
In the telecommunication field, the requirements of routing inspection and monitoring have very high real-time performance on data but limited display data volume, and a data management middleware needs to support a memory database
In the field of telecommunications, the smallest line units consist of point units at both ends (e.g. a pipe consists of man-wells at both ends), and no line units with undefined end points exist.
In the field of telecommunications, the smallest line unit (typically a pipe, pole resource) is of length L. 0.5m < L <2000m without exception.
In the field of telecommunications, more complex wire aggregation units (e.g., cable segments laid in N ducts) can be assembled from the smallest wire units without exception.
The spatial data structure is shown in fig. 2 and is composed of the following metadata:
the spatial data source definition table is used for defining database information connected with the data source, and comprises a data source name, a database type, a database connection JSON and a database connection pool size;
the spatial data source registry is used for determining the relationship between the data source and the element type;
and the element class definition table is a specific definition table of the space element class and comprises an element name, an element type, an element class database name and element details JSON.
Based on the usage characteristics of the geographic information system in the telecommunication field, the spatial data structure is specifically divided into a point resource spatial data structure, a line resource spatial data structure, and a line set spatial data structure, and in view of this, the following is described in detail in three embodiments.
Example 1:
fig. 3 shows a binary data structure of the point resource data structure. Each point resource data occupies 32 bytes, and each box in the graph represents one byte (8 bits); wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: the unique identification, the type of inter,
bytes 7-8: the LEVEL value of the Hilbert curve is 0-29;
bytes 9-10: hilbert curve length;
bytes 11-18: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 19-20: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 21-22: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 23-24: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 25-32: the space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, the line resource space data structure adopts a binary data structure, each line resource data occupies 32 bytes, each box in the figure represents one byte (8 bits), wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: unique identification, type of INTEGER;
bytes 7-14: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 15-16: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 17-18: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 19-20: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 21-24: a head link identifier, a head end point identifier of the line object;
bytes 25-28: tail link identification, tail end point identification of line object;
bytes 29-32: the space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5, the line set space data structure is a binary data structure, each line resource data occupies 24+4N bytes, N represents the number of lines constituting the line set, each box represents one byte (8 bits), wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: unique identification, type of INTEGER;
bytes 7-14: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 15-16: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 17-18: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 19-20: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 21-24: space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily;
byte 25- (24 + 4N): a linked list of line resources.
After the middleware is packaged, the middleware provides an index function through a search service module, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the indexing of the point type data uses a hilbert curve algorithm with hilbert curve coordinates of 0 to 1 and grid levels of 0 to 29.
The schematic diagram of the Hilbert curve used in the point index of the present invention is shown in FIG. 6.
Hilbert curve is a fractal curve (space-filling curve) that can fill a flat square, and was proposed by grand guards hilbert in 1891. Since it can fill a plane, its hausdorv dimension is 2. The side length of the square filled with the Hilbert curve is 1, and the length of the Hilbert curve of the nth step is 2 n-2-n.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, any point in space can be represented by the length of a one-dimensional line of hilbert. The important mathematical characteristics are two concepts of "hilbert curve coordinate" (which can also be called "hilbert curve length" because the curve has only one dimension) and "segmentation level". The so-called "hilbert curve coordinates" are compact representations of the spatial region after the spherical (earth) hierarchy decomposition, and the closer the values of the "hilbert curve lengths" are, the closer they are in the geographic space (refer to the abscissa axis of fig. 7). The "segmentation level" represents the proportion of spatial segmentation, and a "hilbert curve coordinate" has different "segmentation levels" to represent different data accuracies, corresponding to the characteristics of a scale in a geographic information system.
Based on the mathematical characteristics, the invention uses the Hilbert curve as the basis of a spatial index algorithm of points.
2) And the index of the line-to-line set type data adopts an breadth-first algorithm, and the initial value of the algorithm is a Hilbert curve coordinate interval. The BFS schematic diagram adopted by the line and line set index of the present invention is shown in figure 8.
The invention simplifies the modeling according to the functional characteristics of the telecommunication field, and has excellent single-machine reading and writing concurrency; the original spatial data and the network topology data use a set of models, so that the network analysis efficiency of the real-time thermal data is improved; based on the characteristics of a simplified model, the space index generation algorithm disclosed by the invention is small in space occupancy rate and high in read-write performance.
The present invention can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art from the above detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the basis of the disclosed embodiments, a person skilled in the art can combine different technical features at will, thereby implementing different technical solutions.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. A method for realizing spatial data management middleware applied to the field of telecommunication is based on the spatial data management middleware, and the middleware comprises the following functional architectures:
the spatial analysis service module provides a spatial analysis interface for spatial retrieval, range query and buffer query of resources;
the search service module is used for providing a distributed full-text search engine based on a search server;
the network analysis service module provides optimal path query, possible pipe network path analysis and support for three basic algorithms of depth priority, breadth priority and A + algorithm;
the space data read-write service module is used for reading and writing space data and automatically maintaining indexes;
the cache service module caches the changed data by utilizing a Redis memory database and is used for real-time scenes including monitoring;
the map rendering adapter is adapted to each GIS picture rendering engine to provide dynamic map rendering service;
the method is characterized by comprising the following implementation processes:
firstly, analyzing the use characteristics of a geographic information system in the telecommunication field;
then designing a set of spatial data structure;
space data management middleware is packaged on the data structure, and the management middleware provides an index function through a search service module, so that the efficiency of reading, writing and analyzing the space data is improved;
the usage characteristics of the analyzed geographic information system of the telecommunication field include,
dividing the space object into three objects of point, line and line sets on a two-dimensional plane;
data editing of a wireless specialty and a transmission outside line specialty needs dynamic rendering;
the telecommunication field adopts WGS84 earth ellipsoid coordinates;
the minimum line unit consists of point units at two ends, and no line unit without clear end points exists;
the minimum line unit length is that the value range of L is 0.5m < L <2000 m;
a complex line aggregation unit composed of minimum line units;
the spatial data structure is composed of the following metadata:
the spatial data source definition table is used for defining database information connected with the data source, and comprises a data source name, a database type, a database connection JSON and a database connection pool size;
the spatial data source registry is used for determining the relationship between the data source and the element type;
the element class definition table is a specific definition table of the space element class and comprises an element name, an element type, an element class database name and element details JSON;
based on the use characteristics of a geographic information system in the telecommunication field, the spatial data structure is specifically divided into a point resource spatial data structure, a line resource spatial data structure and a line set spatial data structure;
the point resource space data structure is a binary data structure, each point resource data occupies 32 bytes, and one byte is 8 bits; wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: the unique identification, the type of inter,
bytes 7-8: the LEVEL value of the Hilbert curve is 0-29;
bytes 9-10: hilbert curve length;
bytes 11-18: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 19-20: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 21-22: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 23-24: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 25-32: space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily;
the line resource space data structure adopts a binary data structure, each line resource data occupies 32 bytes, each byte is 8 bits, wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: unique identification, type of INTEGER;
bytes 7-14: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 15-16: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 17-18: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 19-20: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 21-24: a head link identifier, a head end point identifier of the line object;
bytes 25-28: tail link identification, tail end point identification of line object;
bytes 29-32: space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily;
the line set spatial data structure is a binary data structure, each line resource data occupies 24+4N bytes, N represents the number of lines constituting a line set, each byte is 8 bits, wherein,
byte 1: if the product is used, 0 is discarded and 1 is used;
byte 2: element types, 1 is a point, 2 is a line, and 3 is a line set;
bytes 3-6: unique identification, type of INTEGER;
bytes 7-14: the primitive label is used for displaying the label;
bytes 15-16: the display identifier is used as a style rendering identifier;
bytes 17-18: the level identifier is used as a scale level rendering identifier;
bytes 19-20: the version identification is used for identifying the version information of the data model;
bytes 21-24: space is reserved, and no special effect is caused temporarily;
byte 25- (24 + 4N): a linked list of line resources.
2. The method for implementing spatial data management middleware in the field of telecommunications of claim 1, wherein the database types adapted by the middleware include Oracle, Postgresql, Neo4J and Redis database.
3. The method for implementing spatial data management middleware in the field of telecommunications according to claim 1, wherein after the middleware is encapsulated, the middleware provides an indexing function through a search service module, and specifically comprises:
the index of the point type data adopts a Hilbert curve algorithm, the coordinates of the Hilbert curve are 0 to 1, and the grid level is 0 to 29;
and the index of the line-to-line set type data adopts an breadth-first algorithm, and the initial value of the algorithm is a Hilbert curve coordinate interval.
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