CN106646651A - Fire point detection method - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V13/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices covered by groups G01V1/00 – G01V11/00
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
Abstract
The invention discloses a fire point detection method. The method realizes fire point detection based on VIIRS 375m data by using spatial information and spectral information of the VIIRS 375m data. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring data of I1-I5 bands of an NPP satellite VIIRS sensor, wherein data of I1-I3 band is pixel reflectivity data, and data of I4 and I5 bands is pixel brightness and temperature data; determining absolute fire point pixels according to the brightness and temperature; determining potential fire point pixels according to the brightness and temperature difference of the adjacent bands; selecting candidate fire point pixels from the potential fire point pixels by using a sampling window analysis method; selecting nominal confidence fire point pixels from the candidate fire point pixels by using a context analysis method; and selecting a low confidence fire point pixel and a high confidence fire point pixel from the absolute fire point pixels by using a minimum sampling window analysis method. The method makes up the shortages of AVHRR and MODIS data on the aspect of spatial resolution, improves the detection capability on smaller fire points, and simultaneously improves the dynamic monitoring capability on large fire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remote sensing technology field, the method for more particularly to carrying out fire point detection using satellite data.
Background technology
The characteristics of satellite remote sensing has higher time and spatial resolution and wide coverage, can continuously track prison
The dynamic process of fire development is surveyed, the information such as detailed fire location, fire area, temperature change can be provided.In remote sensing letter
Breath source aspect, domestic and international application it is wider be very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) and intermediate-resolution imaging spectrometer radiometer
(MODIS) data, but AVHRR is used for the main thoroughfare AVHRR-3 (3.55～3.93 microns) and AVHRR-4 of fire point monitoring
The spatial resolution of (10.5～11.3 microns) is 1.1 kms；MODIS is used for 4 microns of the main wave band of fire point monitoring and 11 micro-
The spatial resolution of rice is 1 km.Such resolution ratio is unfavorable for the detection of small-sized fire fire point.
VIIRS sensors are mounted on NPP satellites, are launched on October 28th, 2011, are scan-type image-forming radiations
Instrument, can collect land, air, ice sheet and ocean in visible ray and the radiation image of infrared band.VIIRS has 5 high-resolution
Rate I passage, 375 meters of resolution ratio；16 intermediate-resolution M passages, 750 meters of resolution ratio；One day/night passage.VIIRS data
The spatial resolution of fire point detection is drastically increased, is conducive to detecting the fiery point of small range crop straw burning.But, how to make
Forest fire is carried out with VIIRS data, is a problem for needing to solve.
The content of the invention
The application proposes a kind of fire fire point detecting method, is believed using the spatial information and wave spectrum of VIIRS 375m data
Breath, realizes the fire fire point detection based on 375 meters of data of VIIRS.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of fire fire point detecting method, comprises the steps of：
Collection NPP satellite VIIRS sensor I1～I5 wave band datas, I1～I3 is pixel reflectivity data, and I4～I5 is
Pixel brightness temperature data；
Definitely fire point pixel is determined according to brightness temperature；
Potential fire point pixel is determined according to adjacent band brightness temperature difference；
Candidate's fire point pixel is selected with sampling window analysis method in the potential fire point pixel；
Nominal confidence level fire point pixel is selected in candidate fire point pixel with context analysis method；
Low confidence fire point pixel, high confidence are selected with minimum sampling window analysis method in the absolute fire point pixel
(in addition to especially mark, 1) pa-rameter symbols and implication being related in below scheme content are shown in Table degree fire point pixel.
Preferably, fire fire point detecting method, also comprising excluding water body pixel and/or excluding cloud pixel the step of；
The water body pixel is to be declined to determine according to I1～I3 wave band pixels reflectivity, is met：
ρ1>ρ2>ρ3；
The cloud pixel is determined according to the feature that reflectivity is big and brightness temperature is low, is met：
Night, BT5<265K&BT4<295K；
In the daytime, BT5<265K|ρ1+ρ2>0.9&BT5<295K|ρ1+ρ2>0.7&BT5<285K。
Preferably, the brightness temperature for determining definitely fire point pixel meets：
Night, BT4>320K&QF4=0
In the daytime, BT4=367K＆QF4=0＆BT5>290K&QF5=0＆ ρ1+ρ2>0.7。
Preferably, the adjacent band brightness temperature difference of the potential fire point pixel meets：
Night, BT4>300K&ΔBT45>10K；
In the daytime, BT4>335K&ΔBT45>30K。
Preferably, the sampling window analysis method is that the sampling window centered on the potential fire point pixel is selected
The potential fire point pixel of following condition is met, as candidate's fire point pixel：
Night, BT4>295K|ΔBT45>10K；
In the daytime, BT4>BT4S|ΔBT45>25K；
Wherein, BT4S=Min [330, Max (325, M)] K；Wherein M is the BT of pixel in sampling window4Intermediate value.
Preferably, the contextual analysis method is, centered on candidate fire point pixel, minimum 11 × 11 pixels,
In the sampling window of maximum 31 × 31 pixels, the pixel for meeting following condition is selected：
In the daytime：ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+2×δ45b&ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+10&BT4>BT4b+3.5×δ4b&(BT5>BT5b+
δ5b-4|δ’4>5)；
Night：ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+3×δ45b&ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+9&BT4>BT4b+3×δ4b；
Preferably, the minimum sampling window analysis method is to first determine whether whether all absolute fire points meet following bar
Part：ΔBT45<30K|θg<15 °, the absolute fire point for being unsatisfactory for condition is directly judged to high confidence level fire point, the picture to meeting condition
Unit, then the ring that 8 pixels centered on it are constituted is analyzed, if definitely fire puts brightness temperature of the pixel in I4 wave bands than in ring
High more than the 15K of brightness temperature of each pixel；It is then high confidence level fire point, is otherwise low confidence fire point.
Preferably, fire fire point detecting method, also comprising solar flare pixel is excluded the step of, the solar flare pixel is expired
Foot：
ρ1+ρ2>0.6&BT5<285K&ρ3>0.3&ρ3>ρ2&ρ2>0.25&BT4<335K。
Preferably, fire fire point detecting method, also comprising desert forntier region pixel is excluded the step of, the desert
Forntier region pixel meets：The quantity of potential fire point pixel exceedes in sampling window centered on candidate fire point pixel
Effectively backdrop pels number 10% and more than 4, and in the daytime：
ρ2>0.15&BT’4<345&δ’4<3&BT4>BT’4+6×δ’4。
Preferably, the step of fire fire point detecting method, also sun reflection pixel high comprising exclusion, the high sun
Reflection pixel meets：
θg<15°&ρ1+ρ2>0.35|θg<25°&ρ1+ρ2>0.4；
Wherein, θgThe angle of direction vector and mirror-reflection direction for earth's surface to satellite.
Above-mentioned at least one technical scheme that the embodiment of the present application is adopted can reach following beneficial effect：
Deficiency of AVHRR, MODIS data in terms of spatial resolution is fully compensate for, the inspection to more small fire point is improve
Survey ability, while improve the dynamic monitoring ability to large-sized fire.This method is formulated respectively for the data of day and night
Different threshold parameter.Adding in method may cause false alarm to cloud, water body, bright atural object, sun reflection etc.
The detection of factor, reduces wrong report；And using the method for variable window analysis, it is ensured that precision and algorithm that fire point is extracted
Space applicability, reduces and fails to report.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding of the present application, constitutes the part of the application, this Shen
Schematic description and description please does not constitute the improper restriction to the application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the embodiment flow chart of fire fire point detecting method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 determines the sampling window Method And Principle schematic diagram of fiery pixel confidence.
Specific embodiment
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Corresponding accompanying drawing is clearly and completely described to technical scheme.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out the every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, belong to the scope of the application protection.
In order to clearly state the implication of the parameters in present specification, to the partial parameters repeatedly occurred in text,
The symbol and implication of row parameter is as shown in table 1：
Table 1, pa-rameter symbols and the implication table of comparisons
Pa-rameter symbols implication
ρ1Passage I1 reflectivity datas；
ρ2Passage I2 reflectivity datas；
ρ3Passage I3 reflectivity datas；
BT4Passage I4 brightness temperature data；
BT5Passage I5 brightness temperature data；
BT4bThe average of passage I4 brightness temperature data；
δ4bThe mean absolute deviation of passage I4 brightness temperature data；
BT5bThe average of passage I5 brightness temperature data
δ5bThe mean absolute deviation of passage I5 brightness temperature data；
ΔBT45The difference of passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature；
ΔBT45bThe average of the difference of passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature；
δ45bThe mean absolute deviation of the difference of passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature；
BT’4Average of the brightness temperature data of passage I4 in sampling window；
δ’4Mean absolute deviation of the brightness temperature data of passage I4 in sampling window；
QF4The quality mark of passage I4；
QF5The quality mark of passage I5.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme that each embodiment of the application is provided is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment flow chart of fire fire point detecting method of the present invention；
Step 101, collection NPP satellite VIIRS sensor I1～I5 wave band datas；
In the data, I1～I3 is reflectivity data, and ρ is used respectively1、ρ2、ρ3Represent, I4～I5 is brightness temperature data,
BT is used respectively4、BT5Represent.
The sensor record data (SDR) of each passage of VIIRS I1-I5 are obtained from VIIRS data centers, this is original
Radiance or reflectivity data product of the data after radiation calibration and geo-location.VIIRS has 22 SDR data collection,
Including：16 M channel data collection, 5 I channel datas collection and a DNB channel data collection.
Also, it should be noted that total data includes day data and night data, and when data are obtained, can be according to number
Day data or night data are divided into according to type identification；When using day data, discrimination formula in the daytime is suitable for；Using night
During data, night discrimination formula is suitable for.
This method needs to use 5 I channel data collection, including I1～I3 reflectivity datas, I4～I5 brightness temperatures
Data.Detailed band class information is shown in Table 2.The geolocation data collection of I passages is also needed to, including latitude and longitude information, the sun
Azimuth, solar zenith angle, satellite aximuth, satellite zenith angle.
2 I1 of table～I5 channel data collection
Step 102, the illegal data of exclusion；
Illegal data include：Missing values 65533 and Filling power 65534.
ρ1=65533 | ρ2=65533 | ρ3=65533 | BT4=65533 | BT5=65533
ρ1=65534 | ρ2=65534 | ρ3=65534 | BT4=65534 | BT5=65534
I1～I5 passages any one passages contains missing values or Filling power, or the quality of data mark of I4, I5 passage
Will QF4、QF5Non-zero, this pixel cannot participate in subsequent arithmetic.
Step 103, exclusion water body pixel；
Water body detection on daytime, the spectra methods combined using multichannel, all pixels for being divided into water body are all not involved in
Daytime, fire put the calculating of background.The water body pixel is to be declined to determine according to I1～I3 wave band pixels reflectivity, is met：ρ1>ρ2>
ρ3.In a specific embodiment, water body pixel is no longer participate in subsequent arithmetic.
Step 104, exclusion cloud pixel；
The cloud pixel is determined according to the feature that reflectivity is big and brightness temperature is low, is met：
Night, BT5<265K&BT4<295K；
In the daytime, BT5<265K|ρ1+ρ2>0.9&BT5<295K|ρ1+ρ2>0.7&BT5<285K。
In a specific embodiment, all pixels for meeting condition above, are no longer participate in subsequent arithmetic.Step 105, root
Determine definitely fire point pixel according to brightness temperature；
By the saturation pixel for shielding I4 passages, in conjunction with passage I1, I2, I5 data, the determination definitely fire point pixel
Brightness temperature meet：
Night, BT4>320K&QF4=0
In the daytime, BT4=367K＆QF4=0＆BT5>290K&QF5=0＆ ρ1+ρ2>0.7。
Wherein, QF4It is the quality mark of passage I4, quality mark is expressed as nominal data quality for 0.That is,
In night data, the pixel for meeting conditions above all determines it is fiery point.
So-called absolute fiery point, is exactly the pixel for necessarily having naked light to occur in theory.Have naked light occur pixel in data
There is the feature that it is fixed, certain Rule of judgment is set, the pixel for meeting condition is taken as definitely fire point.Certainly, actual feelings
Condition is more complicated than theory, so being also possible to judge by accident in practical application.So, even definitely fire point, also will enter to it
Row is determined whether, embodied in step 112.
There is a kind of special situation, the brightness temperature value fully saturated (being rendered as maximum) of passage I4 pixels is same with this
When, the passage I5 qualities of data are nominal.In order to solve the situation that data are folded during passage I4 saturations, the absolute fire point pixel
Detection uses following condition：
Night, (Δ BT45<0&BT5>310K&QF5)|(BT4=208K＆BT5>335K)
In the daytime, Δ BT45<0&BT5>325K&QF5=0
Wherein, Δ BT45Be passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature it is poor.Negative variance between two passages represents the folding of pixel value
It is folded.Generally, this condition only observes in fire nucleus strongly, is considered as substantially exceeding the effective of I4 passages
Saturation temperature.
Step 106, according to adjacent band brightness temperature difference judge it is potential fire put pixel；
Through above-mentioned steps 101～105, the meeting that the pixel on image has is identified as missing values, and some meetings are identified as
Cloud or water body, some meetings are directly determined as definitely fire point, and also some pixels are unsatisfactory for above all of criterion.It is so-called
Potential fire point pixel, exactly in the pixel of all criterions mentioned above is unsatisfactory for, selection meets the picture of following condition
Used as potential fire point pixel, these pixels are used to supplement the pixel feature in candidate's fire point contextual analysis below for unit.Potential fire
The adjacent band brightness temperature difference of point pixel meets：
Night, BT4>300K&ΔBT45>10K；
In the daytime, BT4>335K&ΔBT45>30K。
Step 107, exclusion solar flare pixel；
The bright target of radiation, such as along the shoal in riverbed, can be to VIIRS BT in the daytime4Cause the little of high pixel value
Cluster frequency band, some of them pixel may be obscured with fire point pixel.In order to exclude these regions, in the daytime pixel meets following condition
May be considered bright target (i.e. solar flare)：
ρ1+ρ2>0.6&BT5<285K&ρ3>0.3&ρ3>ρ2&ρ2>0.25&BT4<335K。
Step 108, the point detection of candidate's fire, candidate's fire is selected with sampling window analysis method in the potential fire point pixel
Point pixel；
Sampling window centered on the potential fire point pixel, selects the potential fire point pixel for meeting following condition, makees
For candidate's fire point pixel：
Night, BT4>295K|ΔBT45>10K；
In the daytime, BT4>BT4S|ΔBT45>25K；
Wherein, BT4S=Min [330, Max (325, M)] K；Wherein M is the BT of pixel in sampling window4Intermediate value.
For example, sampling window uses 21 × 21 pixels, then BT4SIt is that sample window is calculated using 21 × 21 window in passage I4
The pixel brightness temperature reference value at mouth center.Wherein M is the BT4 intermediate values that 21 × 21 window is calculated.Preferably, in sampling window
Including at least 10 effective backdrop pels, otherwise BT4SIt is set to 330K.BT4SIt is served only for the data on daytime, it is allowed to candidate's fire point
Pixel changes in the brightness temperature of passage I4 between 325～330K, to adapt to rely on the background condition of scene changes.Research is sent out
Existing, night background condition is basically unchanged, therefore, schedule night candidate fire point picture as threshold value from fixed value 295K
Unit.
It is pointed out that initial large area sampling window can accommodate the change of background condition, candidate's fire is increased
The selection flexibility of point pixel.Its purpose is to improve the sensitivity that fire algorithm occurs in colder high latitude area, while drop
The rate of false alarm of the low low latitudes in warm background.
It may also be noted that effective backdrop pels, not including classifying as cloud, water body, potential fire point pixel and appoint
What has the pixel of non-nominal quality mark.
Step 109, nominal confidence level fire point pixel is selected in candidate fire point pixel with context analysis method；
Contextual analysis for 375 meters of fire fire point detections of VIIRS is the dynamic analysis side for changing sampling window size
Method, so as to the optimal background for characterizing candidate's fire pixel.Initial sampling window is 11 × 11 centered on candidate's fire point pixel
Sampling window；The sampling window can increase to maximum 31 × 31 size, in sample pixel at least 25% be by
Effectively pixel is constituted or including at least 10 effective pixels.Select the pixel for meeting following condition：
In the daytime：ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+2×δ45b&ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+10&BT4>BT4b+3.5×δ4b&BT5>BT5b+δ5b-
4|δ’4>5
Night：ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+3×δ45b&ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+9&BT4>BT4b+3×δ4b
Wherein, BT4b, δ4bThe average and mean absolute deviation of passage I4 are represented respectively；BT5b, δ5bRepresent passage I5's respectively
Average and mean absolute deviation；ΔBT45Represent the difference of I4 and I5 wave band brightness temperatures；ΔBT45bRepresent I4 and I5 wave band brightness
The average of the difference of temperature；δ45bRepresent the mean absolute deviation of the difference of I4 and I5 wave band brightness temperatures；BT’4Represent I4 passages
Brightness temperature data sampling window average；δ’4Represent that the average absolute of the brightness temperature data sampling window of I4 passages is inclined
Difference.
If it should be noted that in the sampling window, the minimal amount of effective pixel can not be satisfied, then,
" unknown " is classified as candidate's fire point pixel of sampling window center pel, represents that background condition cannot be characterized correctly.
Step 110, exclusion desert forntier region pixel；The step of excluding desert forntier region pixel, the desert border
Regional pixel meets：In sampling window centered on candidate fire point pixel, if potential fiery point in the sampling window
The quantity of pixel has exceeded the 10% of effective backdrop pels quantity and more than 4, and
In the daytime：ρ2>0.15&BT’4<345&δ’4<3&BT4>BT’4+6×δ’4；
Night：Without other additional conditions.
The target of this detection is desert borderline region, wherein the mixing of high and low temperature earth's surface may result in mistake
Pixel is classified.All candidate's fire point pixels for meeting this condition can be excluded.
Step 111, the high sun of exclusion reflect pixel；
High sun reflection is the main cause for causing false alarm.The metal roof of industrial park, surface bright greatly,
Such as concrete road surface, the mirror-reflection of water body can cause the local peaking of I4 channel luminance temperature.In order to solve such case, make
With the following all day datas for being judged as fire point of condition detection, the high sun reflection pixel satisfaction：
θg<15°&ρ1+ρ2>0.35|θg<25°&ρ1+ρ2>0.4
Wherein, θgThe angle of direction vector and mirror-reflection direction for earth's surface to satellite.
Wherein, θvAnd θsRespectively elevation of satellite and sun altitude,It is relative bearing.It is classified as fire before
The pixel of point, if condition, it will be downgraded to " false alarm related to solar flare " class.
Step 112, low confidence fire point picture is selected in the absolute fire point pixel with minimum sampling window analysis method
Unit, high confidence level fire point pixel.The minimum sampling window analysis method is to first determine whether whether all absolute fire points meet such as
Lower condition：ΔBT45<30K|θg<15 °, the absolute fire point for being unsatisfactory for condition is directly judged to high confidence level fire point；To meeting condition
Absolute fiery point, then judge in the ring that 8 pixels centered on it are constituted, definitely brightness temperature of the fire point pixel in I4 wave bands
Whether 15K more than higher than the brightness temperature of each pixel in ring (indicated above herein >=).If it is, fiery for high confidence level
Point；It is otherwise low confidence fire point.
Fig. 2 is to determine the sampling window analysis method principle schematic of fiery pixel confidence.First, the input number of whole algorithm
According to 5 (I1～I5) two-dimensional arrays can be regarded as.Each element of array is exactly a pixel.For I1～I3 wave bands, often
What the numerical value of individual element was represented is reflectivity (dimensionless between 0-1), for I4 and I5 wave bands, what the numerical value of each element was represented
Brightness temperature, unit is Kelvin (K).So-called sampling window, the exactly length of side centered on a certain pixel be N number of pixel just
Square scope.Such as Fig. 2 .a, each grid represents a pixel, centered on the pixel represented by grid 1, defines 7 × 7 big
Little sampling window (scope of grid 2), M is exactly the intermediate value of this 48 (in addition to center pel, 7 × 7-1) individual numerical value, M's
Unit is also K.After having M, BT4MTake that the larger number between M and 325, BT4STake BT4MAnd between 330 it is less that
Number.
It is pointed out that so-called contextual analysis, is exactly no longer limited to arrange differentiation to single wave band, single pixel
Condition, but the neighbouring pixel of the comprehensive pixel, are comprehensively analyzed.Scheme is exactly to define sampling window, what is detected
Pixel and pixel connects research around it.By taking Fig. 2 .a as an example, if each grid represents 1 square metre of actual ground in figure
Area, if there is igniting in grid 1 in figure, heat can be to external radiation, in will not being confined to grid 1, its around grid 1
Also heat, such as grid 3 are had in his grid.Therefore, Infrared Detectors can detect many grid heat, in theory lattice
The heat of son 1 is maximum.
In fact, forest fire or farmland occur in the wild there is crop straw burning, not fiery point at only.Such as, lattice
May also there is naked light in son 4, can so cause the grid between grid 1 and grid 4 also to have a very high heat, but actually not
There is naked light.It is real fiery point that contextual analysis can be distinguished in these grid either with or without naked light, corresponding pixel.
Also, it should be noted that by sampling window, the confidence level detection of definitely fire point can also be realized.It is divided into two steps：
The first step, judges Δ BT45<30K|θg<Whether 15 ° set up, if set up, carries out second step, if be false, is judged as
High confidence level fire point.Second step, centered on absolute fire point 3 × 3 size sampling windows (as shown in Fig. 2 .b) are opened up, and judge institute
Brightness temperature more than the 15K whether all low than the brightness temperature of this pixel of the I4 passages of other pixels sampling window Nei is stated, as long as
There is a pixel to be unsatisfactory for condition in window, this pixel is assigned as low confidence.Such as Fig. 2 .b, it is assumed that the number in each grid
Word represents brightness temperature, and center pel (grid 5) is absolute fire point pixel to be judged, it is assumed that it has met the first step
Condition, carries out second step judgement now because 56-15=41, in its 3 × 3 sampling window in addition to center pel
The temperature of 8 pixels (grid 6) of annular region will be less than 41K.If there is one higher than 41K, then imago in this
Unit is it is determined that low confidence fire point, is exactly high confidence level fire point otherwise.
It should be noted that the core innovative point of the present invention is to carry out fire point inspection using the higher VIIRS data of resolution ratio
Survey, be characterized in improve the detectability to more small fire point, while improve the dynamic monitoring ability to large-sized fire.
Particularly, innovative point of the invention is the threshold value setting of each step testing conditions, because VIIRS is MODIS
Alternative sensor, it has similarity in band setting with MODIS, so the core thinking of the present invention is still inherited
The contextual algorithms of MODIS.But in the threshold value of each step is arranged, have different from MODIS contextual algorithms.
Of the invention the characteristics of, also resides in the method for removing to false fire point, and step 107 eliminates the shoal in a part of riverbed
Etc. the falseness fire point that peak value can be caused to I4 passages, may obscure with dynamic fire；Step 110, eliminates floating clouds, desert etc.
The falseness fire point easily obscured with candidate's fire point；Step 111, eliminates metal roof, the concrete road surface of industrial park, water body
Mirror-reflection etc. cause the falseness fire point of I4 channel peaks.
Also, it should be noted that in all formulas of this specification, logical operator " ＆ " represents "AND", logical operation
Symbol " | " represents "or"；Unless stated otherwise, it is consistent with the oeprator priority rule of programming in the application, mathematics fortune
The priority of operator is higher than logical operator；Arithmetic expression priority in bracket is higher than the arithmetic expression without bracket；In identical bar
Under part, the priority of operator " ＆ " is higher than " | ".
Those skilled in the art are it should be appreciated that embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, the present invention can be using complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or with reference to the reality in terms of software and hardware
Apply the form of example.And, the present invention can be adopted and wherein include the computer of computer usable program code at one or more
The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disc store, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) is produced
The form of product.
The present invention is the flow process with reference to method according to embodiments of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program
Figure and/or block diagram are describing.It should be understood that can be by computer program instructions flowchart and/or each stream in block diagram
The combination of journey and/or square frame and flow chart and/or the flow process in block diagram and/or square frame.These computer programs can be provided
The processor of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices is instructed to produce
A raw machine so that produced for reality by the instruction of computer or the computing device of other programmable data processing devices
The device of the function of specifying in present one flow process of flow chart or one square frame of multiple flow processs and/or block diagram or multiple square frames.
Also, it should be noted that term " including ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
Comprising so that a series of process, method, commodity or equipment including key elements not only includes those key elements, but also wrapping
Other key elements being not expressly set out are included, or also includes intrinsic for this process, method, commodity or equipment wanting
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element for being limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that wanting including described
Also there is other identical element in process, method, commodity or the equipment of element.
Embodiments herein is the foregoing is only, the application is not limited to.For those skilled in the art
For, the application can have various modifications and variations.All any modification, equivalents made within spirit herein and principle
Replace, improve etc., within the scope of should be included in claims hereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fire fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of
Collection NPP satellite VIIRS sensor I1～I5 channel datas, I1～I3 is pixel reflectivity data, and I4～I5 is pixel
Brightness temperature data；
Definitely fire point pixel is determined according to brightness temperature；
Potential fire point pixel is determined according to adjacency channel brightness temperature difference；
Candidate's fire point pixel is selected with sampling window analysis method in the potential fire point pixel；
Nominal confidence level fire point pixel is selected in candidate fire point pixel with context analysis method；
Low confidence fire point pixel, high confidence level fire are selected with minimum sampling window analysis method in the absolute fire point pixel
Point pixel.
2. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that also comprising excluding water body pixel and/or exclusion
The step of cloud pixel；
The water body pixel is to be declined to determine according to I1～I3 wave band pixels reflectivity, is met：
ρ1>ρ2>ρ3；
The cloud pixel is determined according to the feature that reflectivity is big and brightness temperature is low, is met：
Night, BT5<265K&BT4<295K；
In the daytime, BT5<265K|ρ1+ρ2>0.9&BT5<295K|ρ1+ρ2>0.7&BT5<285K；
Wherein, ρ1It is passage I1 reflectivity datas；ρ2It is passage I2 reflectivity datas；ρ3It is passage I3 reflectivity datas；BT4It is logical
Road I4 brightness temperature data；BT5It is passage I5 brightness temperature data.
3. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that the brightness temperature of the determination definitely fire point pixel
Degree meets：
Night, BT4>320K&QF4=0；
In the daytime, BT4=367K＆QF4=0＆BT5>290K&QF5=0＆ ρ1+ρ2>0.7；
Wherein, ρ1It is passage I1 reflectivity datas；ρ2It is passage I2 reflectivity datas；BT4It is passage I4 brightness temperature data；BT5
It is passage I5 brightness temperature data；QF4It is the quality mark of passage I4；QF5It is the quality mark of passage I5.
4. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that the adjacent band of the potential fire point pixel is bright
Degree temperature difference meets：
Night, BT4>300K&ΔBT45>10K；
In the daytime, BT4>335K&ΔBT45>30K；
Wherein, BT4It is passage I4 brightness temperature data；ΔBT45It is the difference of passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature.
5. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that the sampling window analysis method is
Sampling window centered on the potential fire point pixel, selects the potential fire point pixel for meeting following condition, as institute
State candidate's fire point pixel：
Night, BT4>295K|ΔBT45>10K；
In the daytime, BT4>BT4S|ΔBT45>25K；
Wherein, BT4S=Min [330, Max (325, M)] K；M is the BT of pixel in sampling window4Intermediate value；BT4It is passage I4 brightness
Temperature data；ΔBT45It is the difference of passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature.
6. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that the contextual analysis method is, with described
Centered on candidate's fire point pixel, in minimum 11 × 11 pixels, the sampling window of maximum 31 × 31 pixels, select and meet following condition
Pixel：
In the daytime：ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+2×δ45b&ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+10&BT4>BT4b+3.5×δ4b&(BT5>BT5b+δ5b-4|
δ’4>5)
Night：ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+3×δ45b&ΔBT45>ΔBT45b+9&BT4>BT4b+3×δ4b
Wherein, BT4It is passage I4 brightness temperature data；BT5It is passage I5 brightness temperature data；ΔBT45Represent that I4 and I5 wave bands are bright
The difference of degree temperature；ΔBT45bRepresent the average of the difference of I4 and I5 wave band brightness temperatures；δ45bRepresent I4 and I5 wave band brightness temperature
The mean absolute deviation of the difference of degree；BT4b, δ4bThe average and mean absolute deviation of passage I4 are represented respectively；BT5b, δ5bDifference table
Show the average and mean absolute deviation of passage I5；BT’4Represent the average of the brightness temperature data sampling window of I4 passages；δ’4Table
Show the mean absolute deviation of the brightness temperature data sampling window of I4 passages.
7. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that the minimum sampling window analysis method is,
First determine whether whether all absolute fire points meet following condition：ΔBT45<30K|θg<15 °, it is unsatisfactory for the absolute fire of condition
Point is directly judged to high confidence level fire point；Meet the pixel of condition, then 8 adjacent picture elements analyzed centered on it are constituted
Ring, if high more than the 15K of brightness temperature of the pixel each pixel in the brightness temperature of I4 wave bands is than ring；The then absolute fiery point
It is otherwise low confidence fire point for high confidence level fire point；
Wherein, θgThe angle of direction vector and mirror-reflection direction for earth's surface to satellite；ΔBT45It is passage I4 and I5 brightness temperature
The difference of degree.
8. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that also comprising solar flare pixel is excluded the step of, institute
State solar flare pixel satisfaction：
ρ1+ρ2>0.6&BT5<285K&ρ3>0.3&ρ3>ρ2&ρ2>0.25&BT4<335K；
Wherein, ρ1It is passage I1 reflectivity datas；ρ2It is passage I2 reflectivity datas；ρ3It is passage I3 reflectivity datas；BT4It is logical
Road I4 brightness temperature data；BT5It is passage I5 brightness temperature data.
9. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that also comprising excluding desert forntier region pixel
Step, desert forntier region pixel meets：
The quantity of potential fire point pixel has exceeded effective backdrop pels in sampling window centered on candidate fire point pixel
Number 10% and more than 4, and
In the daytime：ρ2>0.15&BT’4<345&δ’4<3&BT4>BT’4+6×δ’4；
Wherein, ρ2It is passage I2 reflectivity datas；BT4It is passage I4 brightness temperature data；BT’4Represent the brightness temperature of I4 passages
The average of data sampling window；δ’4Represent the mean absolute deviation of the brightness temperature data sampling window of I4 passages.
10. fire as claimed in claim 1 fire point detecting method, it is characterised in that also comprising excluding high sun reflection pixel
Step, the high sun reflection pixel meets：
θg<15°&ρ1+ρ2>0.35|θg<25°&ρ1+ρ2>0.4
Wherein, ρ1It is passage I1 reflectivity datas；ρ2It is passage I2 reflectivity datas；θgFor earth's surface to satellite direction vector with
The angle in mirror-reflection direction.
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