CN106646639A - Variable speed ray security inspection machine - Google Patents
Variable speed ray security inspection machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646639A CN106646639A CN201611097077.0A CN201611097077A CN106646639A CN 106646639 A CN106646639 A CN 106646639A CN 201611097077 A CN201611097077 A CN 201611097077A CN 106646639 A CN106646639 A CN 106646639A
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- QBPPRVHXOZRESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCNCCN1 QBPPRVHXOZRESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020285 double espresso Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
- G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
- G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
- G01V5/224—Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
- G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
- G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
- G01V5/226—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays using tomography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/03—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/101—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation
- G01N2223/1016—X-ray
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/643—Specific applications or type of materials object on conveyor
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable speed ray security inspection machine. A conveying belt conveys an inspected article, and an electric roller drives the conveying belt to convey the inspected article. An X ray source emits incident X rays to irradiate the inspected article when the inspected article passes through a conveying belt in an inspection channel. A photon counting detector detects the X ray passing through the inspected article, and obtains an incident photon pulse. A threshold discriminator carries out the energy discrimination of the incident photon pulse, and obtains an energy discrimination result. A counter generates a corresponding counting signal according to the energy discrimination result. A terminal processor generates a plurality of pieces of pixel information according to the counting signals corresponding to different energy discrimination results, thereby obtaining projection data comprising the pixel information. The convolution of a convolution function kernel and the projection data is carried out, thereby obtaining the filtered projection data, and the weighting and back projection of the filtered projection data is carried out, thereby completing the reconstruction of the projection data image of the inspected article.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to safety inspection technical field, particularly a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine.
Background technology
Safe examination system is widely used in the population collection such as customs, airport, subway station, railway station, bus station, market, public place of entertainment
Where poly-.These important place (such as subway entrance, railway station entrance and airport entrances etc.) personnel's flows are larger, peace
The development that the transmission speed of check system works safety check has closely critical impact.
Current safety check system utilizes the X-ray of two kinds of different-energies to quilt with X-ray detection technology as main flow
Inspection object carries out nondestructive inspection (NDI), at the same realize technology that the material of tested object is recognized due to its higher cost performance into
For current main product.The core component detector subsystem of traditional X-ray detector, exists as sweep speed is slow,
Due to the poor image quality that signal noise etc. is caused, detection accuracy is low, poor reliability, the shortcomings of manufacturing cost is high.Due to detection
The presence of device measurement interval phase, can cause image space threshold to compress, in order to the method for reducing such case is to slow down tested object
Movement velocity.But on the one hand, practical safety check system generally requires online real-time inspection, and this requires inspection system
Scanning imagery speed is very fast (such as civil aviaton's article inspection requirements percent of pass is in 0.5m/s), and the speed of tested object is excessively slow serious
Have impact on safety inspection efficiency;On the other hand, slow so that ray pulse energy increases, sensor element saturation causes picture
Element is piled up, and loses image information.Accordingly, it would be desirable to one kind can adjust tested speed of moving body while not affecting image spatial domain to believe
The ray screening machine of breath.
The faint radiation of corpuscular property (i.e. single photon counting) the detection photon transmitting based on light, i.e., each photoelectronic pulse one
Each and every one record, with how much counting representing the size of signal in certain hour, this method is referred to as photon counting.Light
Sub-count is a kind of technology of Feebleness Light Signal Examining, and its typical way is using photomultiplier as recipient, by optical signal
Detect in photoelectron form.When photon is incided on photodetector, the electronics of the photocathode release of multiplier tube is in pipe
Anode is moved under electric field action, occurs photoelectronic pulse on the load resistance of anode, then Jing is processed optical signal from making an uproar
Extracted in digitized mode in sound.The measurement result of photon counting is pulse number, can be become without simulation numeral
Change, be directly output to computer and be analyzed process photon counting.Imaging is because required X-ray radiation flux is low, signal to noise ratio and survey
Accuracy of measurement height, anti-drift become the hot research in medical science radiant image and astronomical instrument field the advantages of good.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being:Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine,
The defect that existing screening machine technical speed can not change is solved, with good use value.
The present invention technical solution be:A kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine, including conveyer belt, electric roller, X-ray
Source, photon counting detector, threshold discriminator, counter, terminal handler, wherein
Conveyer belt, transmits inspected object;Electric roller, drives conveyer belt transmission inspected object;X-ray source, works as checking matter
Product are by the way that during conveyer belt, transmitting incident X-rays irradiate inspected object in inspection passage;Photon counting detector, detection penetrate by
X-ray after inspection article, obtains incident photon pulse;Threshold discriminator, to incident photon pulse Energy identifying is carried out, and obtains energy
Amount identification result;Counter, according to Energy identifying result corresponding count signal is generated, wherein, count signal is energy grade
Corresponding incident photon number of pulses;Terminal handler, generates multiple according to the corresponding count signal of different-energy identification result
Pixel Information, and then obtain including the data for projection of multiple Pixel Informations, convolution function core and data for projection are carried out into convolution, obtain
Filtered data for projection is obtained, then filtered data for projection back projection is weighted into, inspected object data for projection is completed
Image reconstruction;Described Energy identifying result is the corresponding energy grade of incident photon pulse.
Described convolution function core is Gaussian kernel.
Described line speed accelerates 2NTimes when, the capacity passage of counter reduces 2N, line speed reduction by 2NTimes
When, the capacity passage increase 2 of counterN。
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) variable-ratio ray screening machine of the present invention detects photon pulse by adopting photon counting-type detector, by traditional X
The analog signal of ray detector collection is divided into the photon counting signal of different-energy grade by pulse strength, realizes measuring speed
Mutual conversion and the precision of images between, makes screening machine reach the effect of free speed change;
(2) variable-ratio ray screening machine of the present invention is counted when needing to improve the transmission speed of tested object by reduction
Device maximum, sacrifices the precision of images and transmission speed is substantially improved, with good use value;
(3) variable-ratio ray screening machine of the present invention is when the penetration capacity of tested object is weak or incident X-ray radiation dosage
Hour, can be by reducing transmission speed, increasing radiated time increases the photon numbers that the sensor unit is detected, and obtains
Reconstruction image with bigger precision.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of variable-ratio ray screening machine of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the photon counting detector work sheet of variable-ratio ray screening machine of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the photon signal figure that Traditional x-ray detector receives incident X-rays under different transmission speeds;
Fig. 4 is the photon signal figure that photon counting detector of the present invention receives incident X-rays.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, proposes a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine, by adopting
A kind of x-ray photon digital detector and corresponding detection method, can be in the reconstruction image precision and object transport for collecting
Mutually change between speed, there is provided accurate reliable measurement data.
When safety check system is busy with one's work, and safety check efficiency requirements are high, image can be reduced by reducing Pixel Information
Resolution ratio, gets being substantially improved for object transport speed in return;When the penetration power of tested object is weak or ray dose of radiation is little (such as
Check human body) when, the photon pulse quantity that detector is detected can be improved by reducing object transport speed, scheme reconstruction
As obtaining more preferable precision.
X-ray detector includes X-ray equipment, for radiating X-ray radiation;Photon counting detector, for detect into
The radiation of X-ray is penetrated, the photon pulse of the different-energy rank for starting to generate to measurement interval is counted respectively, obtains different energy
The count signal of band;Terminal handler, according to the count signal of the difference energy band obtained from photon counting detector phase is rebuild
The image answered.X-ray equipment of the present invention can be industrial X-ray device or CT devices (such as photon counting energy resolved CT dress
Put), using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide one or more radiographic sources.
Photon counting detector of the present invention includes sensor unit, threshold discriminator, counter.Sensor unit is used to visit
Survey incident X-rays radiation, optical signal is detected in photoelectron form, then Jing process optical signal from noise with numeral
The mode of change is extracted, and photon counting detector includes multiple sensor elements;Threshold discriminator is configured to one group of threshold
Value carries out Energy identifying to the photon pulse, and to the photon pulse that measurement interval starts to generate correspondence is belonged to respectively
Energy band;Counter is processed the signal that the discriminator is exported, and for each in pulse described in the signal designation
Height exceed difference can respectively be counted to be derived from the correlated count signal that measurement interval starts with threshold value.Wherein,
Counter is saturation during measurement interval.
Processor of the present invention includes:Reconstruction unit, processing unit.Reconstruction unit, its basis is obtained not from counter
Pixel Information is generated with the count signal of energy band, the projecting image data that corresponding security inspection area has enough detailed information is generated;
Processing unit, by the way that convolutional filtering, back projection are carried out to data for projection obtaining reconstruction image.
A kind of photon counting X-ray detector method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) incident X-ray radiation source is generated using X-ray apparatus;
(2) radiation of incident X-rays is received using the sensor unit detection of photon counting detector;Differentiated according to threshold value
Device carries out Energy identifying to the photon pulse for receiving, and the incident x-ray photons pulse after measurement interval is started belongs to respectively
To different energy bands;
(3) photon number of different energy bands in threshold discriminator is counted respectively using the counter of photon counting detector
Number, is derived from the count signal that measurement interval starts;
(4) count signal of the difference energy band using processor to obtaining from counter generates Pixel Information, generates tool
There is the data for projection of enough detailed information;By filtered to obtain with predetermined convolution function core and data for projection convolution
Data for projection;By being weighted back projection come reconstruction image to filtered data for projection.Below by embodiment and combine
Accompanying drawing, is described in further detail to technical scheme.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine, including:Frame, conveyer belt, electric roller,
The X-ray for penetrating object (is converted to embodiment energy by x-ray source, x-ray collimator (modified chi ray), photon counting detector
The data signal of grade, i.e. incident photon pulse), threshold discriminator, counter, terminal handler is (from count signal to projection
The reconstruction of data image), wherein
The variable-ratio ray screening machine of the present invention is different from the X-ray detection equipment of traditional screening machine, using photon meter
Number detector.When conveyer belt during inspected object is by checking passage, x-ray source transmitting incident X-rays irradiation inspected object, light
The sensor unit detection of sub-count detector penetrates the incident X-rays after inspected object, and optical signal is come in photoelectron form
Detection, then Jing process is extracted optical signal in digitized mode from noise, obtains incident photon pulse, threshold value mirror
Other device carries out Energy identifying to incident photon pulse, obtains Energy identifying result (for the energy that current incident photon pulse belongs to
Grade), counter generates corresponding count signal (including the corresponding incident photon of different-energy grade according to Energy identifying result
Number of pulses), terminal handler receives the count signal obtained from counter, then each corresponding incidence of different-energy grade
Photon pulse quantity generates multiple Pixel Informations, that is, generate the data for projection with enough detailed information (including all pixels letter
Breath), obtain filtered data for projection by carrying out convolution with convolution function core (such as Gaussian kernel) and data for projection;It is logical
Cross and back projection is weighted to filtered data for projection carrys out reconstructed projection data image, its workflow is as shown in Figure 2.
The signal schematic representation of traditional X-ray detector collection is as shown in figure 3, wherein transverse axis represents measure the cycle, the longitudinal axis
Represent that incident X-rays penetrate the pulse strength after tested object.
When the speed of service of transmission belt is accelerated, the radiation intensity of incident X-rays is constant, causes measurement interval compared to measurement
The ratio in cycle becomes big, easily makes image the effects such as space compression occur;When the speed of service of transmission belt is excessively slow, incident X is penetrated
The radiation intensity of line is constant, causes unit interval inner sensor element it was observed that pulse strength is too high, and detector pixel is piled up and is
To saturation, available pulse signal will not be re-recorded, easily make the disappearance of reconstruction image information.
And photon counting-type detector collection signal schematic representation such as Fig. 4 institutes that the variable-ratio ray screening machine of the present invention is adopted
Show, wherein transverse axis represents measure the cycle, the longitudinal axis represents that incident X-rays penetrate the photon pulse quantity after tested object.By traditional X
The analog signal of ray detector collection is divided into the photon counting signal of different-energy grade by pulse strength, realizes measuring speed
Mutual conversion and the precision of images between, makes screening machine reach the effect of free speed change.
(the counter maximum capacity of N channel is 2 for the photon number in the sampling time Δ t of T to assume measure the cycleN, N
It is set to 16) constitute a group image information.When the speed of service of transmission belt adds fast again, measure the cycle is changed intoIncident X-rays
Radiation intensity is constant, and the photon pulse number that the detector in sampling time Δ t is detected is reduced, can be by the appearance of counter
(the counter maximum capacity of N-1 passages is 2 for amount passage diminutionN-1).When the speed of service of transmission belt accelerates 28Times, counter
Capacity is from 216It is reduced into 28.The image resolution ratio of structure is only reduced to 8 from 16, and transmission speed but rises 256 times, peace
Inspection efficiency is significantly lifted.When the penetration power of tested object is weak or when tested object to dose of radiation require limit (such as
Detection human body) when, can increase radiated time by reducing object transport speed using photon counting detector, improve sensing
The photon signal quantity (channel capacity of counter suitably increases according to reduction of speed) that device is detected, obtains reconstruction image more preferable
Details and precision, when the speed of service of transmission belt subtracts doppio lunghezza di tempo, measure the cycle is changed into 2T, and the radiation intensity of incident X-rays is constant,
The photon pulse number that detector is detected increases, and the capacity passage of counter can be increased (the counter maximum of N+1 passages
Capacity is 2N+1), the precision of reconstruction image will be increased dramatically.
Variable-ratio ray screening machine provided by the present invention, the light that the different energy bands of detection are passed through using photon counting detector
Sub-count signal replaces traditional X-ray detector, can between the reconstruction image precision and object transport speed for collecting phase
Mutually conversion, for follow-up safety check image procossing accurate reliable measurement data is provided.When safety check system is busy with one's work, can
To reach the requirement of efficient real-time by accelerating transmission speed, traditional X-ray detector under same hardware facility, plus
Fast transmission speed can make measurement interval become big compared to the ratio of measure the cycle, cause the compression of image space threshold;And it is of the invention
The variable-ratio ray screening machine for being provided can reduce pixel using photon counting detector by reducing the counter threshold
Information, reduces image resolution ratio and transmission speed is substantially improved;When the penetration power of tested object is weak, traditional X is penetrated
Line is preferably penetrated effect by increasing incident X-ray radiation dosage, when tested object requires dose of radiation to limit
When (such as detection human body), more photon signals can only be obtained by reducing object transport speed, reducing transmission speed can make biography
The pixel of the X-ray detector of system is accumulated to saturation, it is impossible to records new incident X-rays pulse, causes the loss of image information;
And variable-ratio ray screening machine provided by the present invention can be increased using photon counting detector by reducing object transport speed
Long radiated time, improves the photon signal quantity that sensor is detected, and makes reconstruction image obtain more preferable details and precision, it is ensured that
The accuracy rate and security of important events safety checks.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine, it is characterised in that including conveyer belt, electric roller, x-ray source, photon counting detection
Device, threshold discriminator, counter, terminal handler, wherein
Conveyer belt, transmits inspected object;Electric roller, drives conveyer belt transmission inspected object;X-ray source, when inspected object is led to
When crossing conveyer belt in inspection passage, transmitting incident X-rays irradiation inspected object;Photon counting detector, detection penetrates checking matter
X-ray after product, obtains incident photon pulse;Threshold discriminator, to incident photon pulse Energy identifying is carried out, and obtains energy mirror
Other result;Counter, according to Energy identifying result corresponding count signal is generated, wherein, count signal is energy grade correspondence
Incident photon number of pulses;Terminal handler, according to the corresponding count signal of different-energy identification result multiple pixels are generated
Information, and then obtain including the data for projection of multiple Pixel Informations, convolution function core and data for projection are carried out into convolution, filtered
Data for projection after ripple, is then weighted back projection by filtered data for projection, completes inspected object projected data image
Rebuild;Described Energy identifying result is the corresponding energy grade of incident photon pulse.
2. a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described convolution function core is height
This core.
3. a kind of variable-ratio ray screening machine according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:Described line speed
Accelerate 2NTimes when, the capacity passage of counter reduces 2N, line speed reduction by 2NTimes when, counter capacity passage increase 2N。
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CN201611097077.0A CN106646639A (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2016-12-02 | Variable speed ray security inspection machine |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110626745A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-31 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for adjusting over-package detection speed and security inspection machine |
CN112446930A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-05 | 通用电气精准医疗有限责任公司 | Method for image reconstruction, imaging system and medium storing corresponding program |
CN113093308A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-09 | 佳都科技集团股份有限公司 | Correction method, device, equipment and storage medium of X-ray baggage inspection equipment |
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CN1434920A (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2003-08-06 | 英国国防部 | Apparatus for fast detection by X-rays |
CN1768705A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-05-10 | 通用电气公司 | Method and system of dynamically controlling shaping time of a photon counting energy-sensitive radiation detector to accommodate variations in incident radiation flux levels |
CN1971414A (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-05-30 | 清华大学 | Imaging system |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110626745B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for adjusting over-package detection speed and security inspection machine |
CN112446930A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-05 | 通用电气精准医疗有限责任公司 | Method for image reconstruction, imaging system and medium storing corresponding program |
CN113093308A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-09 | 佳都科技集团股份有限公司 | Correction method, device, equipment and storage medium of X-ray baggage inspection equipment |
CN113093308B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2024-04-16 | 佳都科技集团股份有限公司 | Correction method, device, equipment and storage medium for X-ray baggage inspection equipment |
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