CN106646618A - Capacitive orientation detection circuit - Google Patents
Capacitive orientation detection circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106646618A CN106646618A CN201610814402.4A CN201610814402A CN106646618A CN 106646618 A CN106646618 A CN 106646618A CN 201610814402 A CN201610814402 A CN 201610814402A CN 106646618 A CN106646618 A CN 106646618A
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- Prior art keywords
- triode
- circuit
- detection circuit
- target
- electrode
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
Abstract
The invention relates to a capacitive orientation detection circuit. The capacitive orientation detection circuit is characterized by comprising an emitter electrode, three receiver electrodes, a power supply module, an oscillation circuit and a detection circuit; through the capacitive orientation detection circuit, target detection and orientation identification can be realized, the capacitive orientation detection circuit is mainly applicable to conducting objects such as armored objects and airplanes; the capacitive orientation detection circuit is technically characterized in that multiple detection electrode sets are disposed in the space, distances from a target to electrodes are different, and target orientation can be derived according to difference of demodulation voltage change amount; the receiver electrodes employ a multi-receiver-electrode array mode, and independent three-path detectors are utilized for detection. The capacitive orientation detection circuit is advantaged in that a capactive proximity sensing fuse working in a quasi-electrostatic field has properties of high spacing precision, good electromagnetic interference resistance and stealth resistance, and the capacitive orientation detection circuit can be in matching with any bomb with burst height requirements about 2m, and is especially suitable for bombs in strong electromagnetic interference field operation environments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor target Detection Techniques field, is mainly used in missile-borne fuse.
Background technology
Fuse is, using environmental information, target information or by specify information, to expect space-time, and detonation control is implemented to ammunition
The management information system of system, IGNITION CONTROL and gesture stability.The development of electronic countermeasure causes the nearly sense fuse of some systems to be subject to
Serious to threaten, particularly radio closely feels fuse.
During at present foreign countries are about the S＆T resource allocation of Capacitance Fuze, favorably realized with electric capacity detection principle without discovery
The instantiation of target orientation detection, employs two and is symmetrical in bullet in the blowpipe guided missile electric capacity fuze of Makeni company of Britain
The detection electrode of axle, but do not reach the requirement for realizing directional detection.Relevant goal orientation detection is concentrated mainly on both at home and abroad wireless
In electric system and optics system.
For the orientation of radio system fuse, micro-strip antenna array and automatically controlled scanning of the scheme mostly using transmit-receive sharing
Technology combines, but by being affected in micro-strip antenna array and automatically controlled scanning technique Project Realization, according to reports using the program
Three to four quadrants can only be recognized.Also it is proposed that being oriented the thought of detection using microstrip antenna.Basic Design thinking
It is to be symmetrically installed four microstrip antennas on axle is played, separately detects four different directions around bullet axle, each direction covers 90 °
Angle.Through and off are connect by what four circumferential microstrip antennas of hilted broadsword four-throw PIN switch control rule body were scanned to surrounding space
Open so that each moment only one of which antenna is in running order.Four branch roads of PIN ON-OFF control circuits take turns to operate, and make four
Individual dual-mode antenna is ceaselessly scanned in 360 ° of angular regions.When a certain branch road of antenna detects target, one just can be obtained
The electric signal for detecting is completed, target bearing information extraction circuit just can be from the output end corresponding to ON-OFF control circuit high level
Obtain the azimuth information of target.Directional detection task is completed by the information conveyance is given to fuzing system, armament.This orientation is visited
Survey method can only be limited to detection angle scope within 90 ° of angles, and detection accuracy is not high.
For the directional detection of optics influence fuse.Japanese on January 17th, 1992 is published on " open Application Publication "
The patent " influence fuse system drives device " that the neat rattan of front island moral sum is repaiied just proposes a kind of simple directional detection method and its letter
Number process circuit.What it was utilized is, with the laser fuze on space time mass theory, to be launched using list " pole ", and many " poles " fixation is right
The detection mode of reflected signal should be received.Its general principle is to be divided into four to surrounding space direction centered on the bullet axle of guided missile
Quadrant, the semiconductor laser of certain orientation and the angle of divergence is sent to sweeping in front of guided missile in every quadrant generating laser, and one
Denier runs into target, just has the return that diffuses.Optical receiver in device sends the diffusing reflection signal for detecting into rear class
Signal comparator array, due to residing for target quadrant difference necessarily cause the output waveform of signal comparator big mutually totally different.
The relation of quadrant signal is had according to target come the concrete quadrant residing for judging target, whereby realizing directional detection function, so
Afterwards target bearing signal input detonation chain control warhead self adaptation realizes most preferably fried point.This device has lot of advantages,
Such as it can greatly shorten action time, it is possible to reduce power consumption, and most importantly it eliminates and occur when knocking into the back attack
The possibility of misoperation.Therefore this device has an advance in terms of directional detection and orientation detonation, but this laser body
The influence fuse of system its object position-sensitive detecting precision only reaches the level of a quadrant, i.e. its coverage only in 90 °.It is this
Approach is to we provide a kind of practicable thinking --- the detection method of geometry location.
With the development of code division technology in digital signal technique, occur in that with the separate aerial array of transmitting-receiving and code division skill
Art combine composition recognizable object orientation fuze detection method.In scheme, aerial array is circumferentially uniformly distributed in table
Face, transmitting antenna T1, T2 and reception antenna R1, R2 are respectively symmetrically arrangement.Every two adjacent antenna is spaced 90 ° on body.Work
Principle is：The oscillator signal Jing power splitters that oscillator is produced are divided into four tunnels, and wherein two-way passes through phase modulation via pseudo-code I, pseudo-code II
Device carries out phase modulation (o/ π phase modulation), and the two paths of signals after modulation is radiate respectively by antenna T1, T2.Once there is target to occur, then
Target echo signal is produced, Jing after antenna R1 or R2 are received, the local oscillation signal coupled with power splitter is mutually mixed, the letter after mixing
Number process single with control Jing carrying out being sent to integrated information after multichannel relevant treatment, filtering detection etc. are processed with pseudo-code I, pseudo-code II
Unit, by the signal parameter to detecting feature extraction is carried out, and compares the signal relative size relation that relevant information processes branch road,
The presence or absence of related channel program signal according to each reception antenna is recognizing orientation of the target relative to fuse.This scheme orientation recognition area
Domain divides many, strong antijamming capability, and the effective information that can be used for Fuze warhead matching is big, can not only obtain target bearing information, and
It is good to obtain and detection signal larger related channel program such as can obtain distance, speed, be hot on the trail of/meet head-on at the information of aspect
Fuze warhead matching efficiency, while the key technology adopted in scheme is mostly more ripe technology.
Above in the influence fuse directional detection method of several different systems, their object position-sensitive detecting precision is not enough managed
Think, only reach and target area is determined in the level in the range of a quadrant.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：The function of missile-borne fuse proximity detection target is realized, while to target
Orientation is identified.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that there is provided a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit, its
It is characterised by, including emission electrode, three receiving electrodes, power module, oscillating circuit and a detecting circuits, emission electrode is solid
The shaft core position of bullet is scheduled on, three receiving electrodes are arranged in bullet side, and are uniformly distributed in 120 ° around warhead axis, by electricity
Source module provides operating voltage for oscillating circuit and detecting circuit, and oscillating circuit produces the sine of the high amplitude of a frequency stable
Ripple signal adds to emission electrode, and so as to produce on three receiving electrodes, frequency is constant and sine wave signal of amplitude fading, inspection
Wave circuit includes three wave detectors, and three wave detectors are detected respectively to the sine wave signal of generation on three receiving electrodes,
Three road detecting circuits are obtained, when guided missile meets target, three is produced not according to three receiving electrodes are far and near with the distance between target
Detecting circuit variable quantity together, is carried out calmly by sending signal processing circuit to be identified three detecting circuit variable quantities to target
To identification.
Preferably, the power module includes input power and the mu balanced circuit being connected with input power.
Preferably, the oscillating circuit includes current follower and LC oscillating circuits, the output of the power module via
Current follower connects the input of LC oscillating circuits, and the output of LC oscillating circuits connects the emission electrode.
Preferably, the current follower includes triode V1, and output is formed between the colelctor electrode and base stage of triode V1,
The input of the output connection LC oscillating circuits of triode V1, the emitter stage of triode V1 connects the power supply via electric capacity C3
The output of module, the emitter stage of triode V1 is grounded via resistance R1, and electricity is bridged between the base stage and emitter stage of triode V1
Hold C4.
Preferably, the LC oscillating circuits include that inductance L, electric capacity C5 are connected in parallel on inductance L two ends, institute after connecting with resistance R2
The output for stating triode V1 is connected to the two ends of resistance R2.
Preferably, the wave detector adopts voltage follower.
Preferably, the voltage follower includes triode, and the colelctor electrode of triode connects the power supply via resistance one
The output of module, the base stage of triode connects the output of any one receiving electrode in three receiving electrodes, triode
Base stage is grounded via resistance two, and the emitter stage of triode forms the detecting circuit all the way, and the emitter stage of triode is via electric capacity
Ground connection, bridges diode, the base stage of the negative electrode connecting triode of diode, diode between the base stage and emitter stage of triode
Anode connecting triode emitter stage.
The capacitive detection circuits of present invention design, can realize the detection of target and the identification in orientation, be mainly used in tackling
The target conductors such as plate armour, aircraft, technical characteristic is as follows：
1) multiple detection electrode groups are placed in space, it is interelectrode apart from different, inspection caused by institute from each with target
The difference of wave voltage variable quantity is deducing target bearing.
2) receiving electrode adopts designed many (three) receiving electrode array formats, is carried out with discrete No. three wave detectors
Detection.
The electric capacity that the present invention is provided closely feels fuse due to working in quasi-electrostatic field, and it has spacing high precision, electromagnetism interference
Good and anti-stealthy the features such as, it can match somebody with somebody any bullet kind used in below height of burst requirement 2m or so, and be particularly suitable for forceful electric power
Bullet kind under the field environment of magnetic disturbance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the physical circuit figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after the content for having read instruction of the present invention, people in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values equally fall within the application appended claims and limited
Scope.
The present invention realizes that the design philosophy of directional detection is：
Capacitance Fuze detecting directivity has isotropic feature.Having it carries out goal orientation identification
Ability, one of which method is that the structure to electrode and distribution mode are transformed.Investigate and analyze and research through data, this
The bright scheme for proposing many receiving electrode array detections.An emission electrode is adopted, it is fixed on into the shaft core position of bullet, and
The symmetrical several receiving electrodes of certain angle φ are pressed in the side of bullet.During bullet mesh is close to, due to each receiving electrode
It is necessarily different from the actual range of target, although their distance differences and between detected target are not very big, but due to
The site of the electrostatic field residing for them is different, and the reception degree of the disturbance produced to electric field has significantly different.Further according to electric capacity
Influence fuse general principle, the capacitance variations produced between each receiving electrode and target are simultaneously differed, so as to respective detecting circuit
Output is also differed.If the chance echo signal obtained to each receiving electrode carries out independent detection, then is pressed by processing system
The decision criteria set up carries out orientation recognition, it is possible to realize that goal orientation is detected.In a practical situation, in order to ensure detection
The concrete numerical value of sensitivity, the effective area and shape of receiving electrode and emission electrode and receiving electrode spacing will be depending on being matched somebody with somebody
Depending on bullet situation.
Quantity n of concrete receiving electrode should take how many, be discussed below.Assume n=2, now two receiving electrode typical cases
Position is to be spaced 180 ° of axis for being symmetrical in guided missile to arrange, then connected when target is located at respectively two receiving electrodes with same angle
During the left and right sides of line, the chance echo signal that the missile target that the detecting circuit corresponding to them is received is close to is not assorted
Difference.Thus taking two receiving electrodes can only distinguish perpendicular bisector of the target in two electrode connecting lines is divided into two and half
Area, and target is cannot distinguish between actually in the left half-court or right half-court of two electrode connecting lines.Obviously, the fuse is made to realize orientation mesh
The necessary condition of the electrod-array configuration of mark detection is n >=3.Because each two receiving electrode just can be sentenced in n receiving electrode
Disconnected target is in some halfth area, then can be obtained byIndividual azimuth information, can just draw target in bullet side by calculating
Some sector.When assuming that n takes the value more than or equal to 4, the spacing of receiving electrode diminishes, produced detecting circuit signal
Difference may not be very big, add the restriction of technical conditions, and the detectivity and detection sensitivity of each electrode can not possibly be made
It is just the same, cause detecting circuit to there is error, the differentiation of signal processing circuit is unfavorable on the contrary, while must also correspondingly increase
The number of big detecting circuit and signal processing circuit, causes the complication of circuit design, is also unfavorable for the reality of signal processing system
Shi Xing, both increases many difficulty in the realization of hardware and software.In view of problem above and existing technical conditions, tentatively set
It is calculated as n and takes 3, three receiving electrodes is uniformly distributed around missile reference line in 120 °, and emission electrode and receiving electrode be not in same plane
Interior, still installed in the shaft core position of bullet, receiving electrode is distributed in the side of bullet, is conducive to broadside target emission electrode
Identification.
In order to illustrate that the electrod-array can be effectively realized the directional detection to target, it is assumed that the physics field characteristic of target
With the equal Striking symmetry of geometrical property in the center line in its orientation.The feelings being close to from side in general common mode with target below
Condition is discussing.Target be in φ angles (φ≤60 °) orientation when (from the foregoing it will be appreciated that directional bearing can be divided into 6 60 ° of side
Position), the distance of electrode spacing target is respectively R1、R2、R3, wherein conditional relationship meets R1＜ R2＜ R3, because electrostatic field field intensity is pressed
r3Rule decays, so detection electrode is bigger with the rate of change of the more near then electric capacity of the distance between target, so just there is Δ u1＞ Δs
u2＞ Δ u3, Δ u1、Δu2、Δu3The voltage change ratio for respectively being detected by three receiving electrodes, such target will be by
Recognize in one 60 ° of orientation.
A kind of theory diagram of electric capacity directional detection circuit that the present invention is provided is as shown in Figure 1.It is by power supply, voltage stabilizing electricity
Road, oscillating circuit, detection electrode array (including emission electrode A, receiving electrode B1, receiving electrode B2, receiving electrode B3) and inspection
Wave circuit (including No. three wave detectors) five parts constitute.The present invention general principle be：Input power is to shake by mu balanced circuit
Swing circuit and detecting circuit improves operating voltage.Oscillating circuit produces the high amplitude of a frequency stable and (meets wanting for sensitivity
Ask) sine wave signal add to emission electrode A, the natural capacity between emitted electrode A and each receiving electrode and each receiving electrode
The partial pressure of the natural capacity between body is coupled, and a frequency is produced on receiving electrode B1, receiving electrode B2, receiving electrode B3
Rate is constant and sine wave signal that amplitude has been greatly attenuated.Three tunnels that receiving electrode B1, receiving electrode B2, receiving electrode B3 are produced
Respectively Jing San Road wave detector carries out detection to sine wave signal, exports three roads stable detecting circuit U1, U2, U3.Guided missile meets target
When, produce different detecting circuit changes from the distance of target range according to receiving electrode B1, receiving electrode B2, receiving electrode B3
Amount Δ u1、Δu2、Δu3, Δ u1、Δu2、Δu3The chance echo signal that as cluster detection is exported, the chance echo signal number of delivering letters
Process circuit completes to meet goal orientation identification function during target by being identified.
As shown in Fig. 2 for the physical circuit figure of above-mentioned electric capacity directional detection circuit, wherein：
Mu balanced circuit adopt voltage-stablizer 78L24, its input Vin and output end vo ut respectively plus filter capacitor C1,
C2。
Oscillating circuit includes current follower and LC oscillating circuits.Current follower includes triode V1, triode V1's
Output, the input of the output connection LC oscillating circuits of triode V1, the emitter stage of triode V1 are formed between colelctor electrode and base stage
Connect the output end vo ut of voltage-stablizer 78L24 via electric capacity C3, the emitter stage of triode V1 is grounded via resistance R1, in triode
Flying capcitor C4 between the base stage and emitter stage of V1.LC oscillating circuits include that inductance L, electric capacity C5 are connected in parallel on after connecting with resistance R2
Inductance L two ends, the output of triode V1 is connected to the two ends of resistance R2.
No. three wave detectors adopt voltage follower, by taking the voltage follower being connected with receiving electrode B1 as an example, including three
Pole pipe V2, the colelctor electrode of triode V2 connects the output end vo ut of voltage-stablizer 78L24 via resistance R3, and the base stage of triode V2 connects
The output of three receiving electrode B1 is connect, the base stage of triode V2 is grounded via resistance R6, and the emitter stage of triode V2 is formed all the way
The emitter stage of detecting circuit U1, triode V2 is grounded via electric capacity C6, and between the base stage and emitter stage of triode V2 two are bridged
Pole pipe D1, the base stage of the negative electrode connecting triode V2 of diode D1, the emitter stage of the anode connecting triode V2 of diode D2.
The voltage follower being connected with receiving electrode B2 includes triode V3, resistance R4, diode D2, resistance R7, electric capacity
C7.The voltage follower being connected with receiving electrode B3 includes triode V4, resistance R5, diode D3, resistance R8, electric capacity C8.Respectively
Annexation between components and parts is ibid.
The present invention has advantages below：
1) when input is 30V or so microvariations signal, mu balanced circuit output is about 24V voltage regulation signals, and its response speed
Degree is fast.
2) when input is 24V DC voltage-stabilizing signals, pierce circuit is output as being superimposed on 24V one about
The oscillator signal of 160V2.38MHz.Its amplitude is big, and frequency is high, and output is stable.
3) when input is oscillator output signal, detecting circuit output is about 24V direct current signals.Its detection efficiency is high, defeated
Go out stable.
4) detection circuit and detecting circuit, access the capacitor of a simulation coupling between two circuits, take its value for 0.38pF.When
Input is about 24V direct currents, is output as direct current detecting circuit.
5) detector circuit, can enter stable state by 0.7ms after system start-up.The circuit can be coupling on Different electrodes
Equivalent electric capacity is showed in the form of detecting circuit, and equivalent electric capacity and detecting circuit meet linear relationship, therefore detection
Voltage includes target bearing information.
Result above shows that designed detector circuit meets design requirement, and circuit is effective and feasible, can complete to detect mesh
The purpose in mark orientation.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit, it is characterised in that including an emission electrode, three receiving electrodes, power module,
Oscillating circuit and detecting circuit, emission electrode is fixed on the shaft core position of bullet, and three receiving electrodes are arranged in bullet side, and
It is uniformly distributed in 120 ° around warhead axis, operating voltage, oscillating circuit is provided for oscillating circuit and detecting circuit by power module
The sine wave signal for producing the high amplitude of a frequency stable adds to emission electrode, so as to produce frequency on three receiving electrodes
Constant and amplitude fading sine wave signal, detecting circuit includes three wave detectors, and three wave detectors receive electricity to three respectively
The extremely upper sine wave signal for producing detected, obtains three road detecting circuits, when guided missile meets target, according to three receiving electrodes with
The distance between target is far and near to produce three different detecting circuit variable quantities, and by three detecting circuit variable quantities signal transacting is sent
Circuit is oriented identification to target by being identified.
2. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the power module includes input electricity
Source and the mu balanced circuit being connected with input power.
3. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the oscillating circuit include electric current with
With device and LC oscillating circuits, the output of the power module connects the input of LC oscillating circuits, LC vibrations via current follower
The output of circuit connects the emission electrode.
4. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the current follower includes three poles
Output is formed between the colelctor electrode and base stage of pipe V1, triode V1, the output of triode V1 connects the defeated of the LC oscillating circuits
Enter, the emitter stage of triode V1 connects the output of the power module via electric capacity C3, and the emitter stage of triode V1 is via resistance
R1 is grounded, the flying capcitor C4 between the base stage and emitter stage of triode V1.
5. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the LC oscillating circuits include inductance
L, electric capacity C5 are connected in parallel on inductance L two ends after connecting with resistance R2, the output of the triode V1 is connected to the two ends of resistance R2.
6. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the wave detector adopts voltage follow
Device.
7. a kind of electric capacity directional detection circuit as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the voltage follower includes three poles
Pipe, the colelctor electrode of triode connects the output of the power module via resistance one, and the base stage of triode connects and connect described in three
The output of any one receiving electrode in electrode is received, the base stage of triode is grounded via resistance two, and the emitter stage of triode is formed
The detecting circuit all the way, the emitter stage of triode bridges two via capacity earth between the base stage and emitter stage of triode
Pole pipe, the base stage of the negative electrode connecting triode of diode, the emitter stage of the anode connecting triode of diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610814402.4A CN106646618A (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Capacitive orientation detection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610814402.4A CN106646618A (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Capacitive orientation detection circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106646618A true CN106646618A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=58851963
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610814402.4A Pending CN106646618A (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2016-09-09 | Capacitive orientation detection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110471116A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of passive type electrostatic detection system and method based on signal differential detection |
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