CN106646267B - Method and device for detecting service life of battery of power distribution terminal - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting service life of battery of power distribution terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646267B CN106646267B CN201710076085.5A CN201710076085A CN106646267B CN 106646267 B CN106646267 B CN 106646267B CN 201710076085 A CN201710076085 A CN 201710076085A CN 106646267 B CN106646267 B CN 106646267B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The application discloses a method and a device for detecting the service life of a battery of a power distribution terminal, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, and detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery; when the internal resistance detection is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve; obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection ending voltage; obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery to obtain a standard slope; obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to a capacity calculation formula; and performing internal resistance and temperature compensation on the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery. The method and the device provided by the application have the advantages that the actual capacity of the detected battery is tested based on the short-time discharge of the voltage change rate, the test time is short, the electric quantity of the detected battery is not required to be completely discharged, the energy waste is reduced, the relations among the capacity, the temperature and the internal resistance are comprehensively considered, the capacity test is accurate, and the health state of the detected battery is evaluated reasonably.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power distribution automation, in particular to a method and a device for detecting the service life of a battery of a power distribution terminal.
Background
The storage battery of the power distribution terminal equipment is used as a backup power supply to play a role of continuously supplying power to the terminal, and when the power is cut off in the field, the storage battery pack becomes the only power supply for the power distribution terminal to work. In recent years, as the requirements of users on the power supply reliability are higher and higher, the power distribution terminal is also used in power distribution automation in a large area, and once the problems of aging or insufficient capacity and the like of a storage battery occur, the power distribution terminal can possibly fail to work normally, so that a power distribution automation system fails, and therefore, the performance of the storage battery is required to be tested regularly, and the health state of the storage battery is known in time.
Currently, a conventional method for detecting the capacity of a battery of a power distribution terminal uses a checkup discharging method, a conductivity testing method, and the like. Although the check discharging method is used for testing the capacity of the storage battery accurately, the storage battery is required to be fully discharged to the cut-off voltage during the check discharging test, the test time is long, and the waste of the energy of the storage battery is caused; the conductivity test method judges the actual capacity of the battery by testing the conductivity (internal resistance) of the battery, but only when the capacity of the battery is less than 50% of the rated capacity, the internal resistance of the battery has good consistency with the capacity, so the conductivity test cannot fully evaluate the state of health of the battery.
Therefore, the existing detection method for the battery capacity of the power distribution terminal has the defects of long test time, inaccurate test results and serious battery capacity waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method and a device for detecting the service life of a battery of a power distribution terminal, which are used for solving the problems that the existing detection method has long test time, inaccurate test results and serious waste of battery capacity.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal, including the steps of:
s1, obtaining terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltages are larger than the lowest voltages at the two ends of the detected battery; if the terminal voltage is smaller than the lowest voltage, charging the detected battery until the terminal voltage is larger than the lowest voltage; detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage;
s2, when the internal resistance detection of the detected battery is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve; comprising the following steps:
s21, obtaining the maximum power of a detection device, wherein the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery are obtained, and the discharge current of the detected battery is obtained;
s22, when the discharge current of the detected battery is detected, acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determining a detection initial voltage and a detection initial time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
s23, acquiring a terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharging the discharge current in the step S21 for 5min, judging whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is larger than 20mV, continuously discharging the discharge current if the terminal voltage drop value is smaller than 20mV, stopping detection if the terminal voltage drop value is larger than 20mV, obtaining detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtaining the short-time discharge curve;
s3, obtaining the slope of the discharge curve according to the short-time discharge curve;
s4, obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
s5, obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery, and obtaining a standard slope according to the voltage of the detection reference voltage point;
s6, obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope and a capacity calculation formula;
s7, performing internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation;
and S8, performing temperature compensation processing on the detected battery according to the capacity after the internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery.
Preferably, the step S21 specifically includes:
obtaining the maximum power of the detection device, gradually calculating the discharge multiplying power of the rated capacity and the rated voltage of the detected battery, and obtaining the discharge current of the detected battery according to the discharge multiplying power; wherein, the formula of discharge multiplying power is:
RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤P max ；
wherein RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery to be detected, ratedcap represents the rated capacity of the battery to be detected, and P max Representing the maximum power of the detection device, and mag represents the discharge multiplying power;
the calculation formula of the discharge current is as follows:
I＝mag×RatedCap/10；
wherein I represents a discharge current, ratedCap represents a rated capacity of the battery to be detected, and mag represents a discharge rate.
Preferably, the step S22 specifically includes the following steps:
acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltage is larger than the minimum floating voltage;
if the terminal voltage is larger than the minimum floating voltage, continuously discharging for 30s according to the discharge current, continuously discharging for 1.5min when the change of the terminal voltage is constant, and recording the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the terminal voltage is smaller than the minimum floating voltage;
and if the terminal voltage is smaller than the minimum floating voltage, continuously discharging for 30s according to the discharging current, and recording the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the change of the terminal voltage is constant.
Preferably, in the step S3, a slope of a discharge curve is obtained according to the short-time discharge curve; wherein, the calculation formula of the slope of the discharge curve is:
K t ＝ΔU/(Time End -Time Start )；
wherein K is t Represents the slope of the discharge curve, deltaU represents the terminal voltage drop value, time Start Indicating the initial Time of detection, time End Indicating the end time of the test.
Preferably, in the step S6, a capacity calculation formula of the estimated value of the detected battery capacity is:
C t ＝RatedCap×k r ×mag×(RatedCap/12)/k t ；
wherein RatedCAP represents the rated capacity, K t Represents the slope, K of the discharge curve r Represents the standard slope, and mag represents the discharge rate.
Preferably, the step S7 specifically includes:
the cut-off voltage of the detected battery is increased, the time when the cut-off voltage is consistent with the rated voltage and the time when the rated voltage is reduced to 10.5V are obtained according to the cut-off voltage, and then internal resistance compensation processing is carried out on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation; wherein, the calculation formula of the cut-off voltage is:
BatVol min ＝10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V)；
in the formula, batVol min Indicating the cut-off voltage, ratedVol indicating the rated voltage of the battery to be detected, batRes indicating the internal resistance of the battery to be detected, ratedCap indicating the rated capacity of the battery to be detected;
the capacity calculation formula of the internal resistance compensation is as follows: c (C) tr ＝C t ×T test /T st ；
Wherein C is tr Representing the capacity after the internal resistance compensation, C t An estimated value representing the detected battery capacity, T test T represents the time when the compensated cut-off voltage is consistent with the rated voltage st The time elapsed for the rated voltage to fall to 10.5V is indicated.
Preferably, in the step S8, a calculation formula of the actual capacity of the detected battery is:
C e ＝C tr /(1+K(T-25))；
wherein C is e Representing the actual capacity of the detected battery, C tr And the capacity after the internal resistance compensation is represented by T, the actual temperature of the battery to be detected is represented by the unit of DEG C, K represents the temperature coefficient, and K=0.005-0.008/DEGC.
In a second aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a power distribution terminal battery life detection apparatus including: the lithium battery pack comprises a main control module, a voltage detection circuit, an internal resistance detection circuit, a communication circuit, an alternating current output circuit, a constant current discharge circuit and a lithium battery pack,
the output end of the main control module is respectively connected with the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the alternating current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the input end of the lithium battery pack;
the input end of the main control module is respectively connected with the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the alternating current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the output end of the lithium battery pack;
the alternating current output circuit comprises a power module and a command sending module;
the sending instruction module is used for sending a control instruction for requesting to output alternating current;
the power module is used for outputting the alternating current;
the main control module is used for receiving the control instruction and controlling the power module in the alternating current output circuit to output the alternating current;
the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the direct current voltage at two ends of the detected battery in real time;
the internal resistance detection circuit is used for detecting alternating voltage at two ends of the detected battery in real time and obtaining the internal resistance of the detected battery according to the alternating current;
the constant current discharge circuit is used for controlling the detected battery to perform constant current discharge and performing discharge test;
the communication circuit is used for outputting detection data, and the detection data comprises: the direct current voltage, the alternating current and the internal resistance;
the lithium battery pack is used for providing electric energy.
Preferably, the device further comprises a man-machine interaction module, wherein the man-machine interaction module comprises a display unit and an input unit; the display unit and the input unit are respectively connected with the main control module; the display unit is used for displaying the detection data; the input unit is used for setting corresponding working parameters.
Preferably, the device further comprises a lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit, wherein the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is arranged between the lithium battery pack and the main control module, and the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is respectively connected with the lithium battery pack and the main control module; the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is used for controlling the charge and discharge of the lithium battery pack.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for detecting the service life of a battery of a power distribution terminal, where the method includes the following steps: acquiring terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, judging whether the terminal voltages are larger than the lowest voltage, and detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery; when the internal resistance detection is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve, and further obtaining the slope of the discharge curve; obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection ending voltage; obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery to obtain a standard slope; obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to a capacity calculation formula; and performing internal resistance compensation processing and temperature compensation processing on the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery. According to the method and the device provided by the application, the actual capacity of the detected battery is tested based on the short-time discharge of the voltage change rate; firstly, measuring internal resistance, and determining the internal resistance by utilizing the relation existing between the capacity of a detected battery and the change of terminal voltage; then carrying out discharge test, and carrying out constant-current short-time discharge for 5-20 min on the detected battery; finally, carrying out capacity measurement, and estimating the capacity of the detected battery according to the voltage change rate of the detected battery terminal voltage; the method fully considers the influence of the internal resistance and the temperature of the detected battery on the actual capacity, compensates the detected battery capacity according to the internal resistance measured by the four-wire alternating current test method and the field temperature of the detected battery, and further evaluates the health state of the detected battery. The method and the device provided by the application have the advantages that the test time is short, the electric quantity of the detected battery is not required to be completely discharged, the energy waste is reduced, the relations among the capacity, the temperature and the internal resistance are comprehensively considered, the capacity test is accurate, and the health state evaluation of the detected battery is reasonable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of step S2 in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery life detection device of a power distribution terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an implementation scenario of a battery life detection device for a power distribution terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in a first aspect, a method for detecting a battery life of a power distribution terminal according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
s1, obtaining terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltages are larger than the lowest voltages at the two ends of the detected battery; if the terminal voltage is smaller than the lowest voltage, charging the detected battery until the terminal voltage is larger than the lowest voltage; detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage;
s2, when the internal resistance detection of the detected battery is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve; comprising the following steps:
s21, obtaining the maximum power of a detection device, wherein the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery are obtained, and the discharge current of the detected battery is obtained;
s22, when the discharge current of the detected battery is detected, acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determining a detection initial voltage and a detection initial time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
s23, acquiring a terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharging the discharge current in the step S21 for 5min, judging whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is larger than 20mV, continuously discharging the discharge current if the terminal voltage drop value is smaller than 20mV, stopping detection if the terminal voltage drop value is larger than 20mV, obtaining detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtaining the short-time discharge curve;
s3, obtaining the slope of the discharge curve according to the short-time discharge curve;
s4, obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
s5, obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery, and obtaining a standard slope according to the voltage of the detection reference voltage point;
s6, obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope and a calculation formula;
s7, performing internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation;
and S8, performing temperature compensation processing on the detected battery according to the capacity after the internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery.
Specifically, in step S1, terminal voltages at both ends of the detected battery are obtained, and whether the terminal voltages are greater than the lowest voltage at both ends of the detected battery is determined; if the terminal voltage is smaller than the lowest voltage, charging the detected battery until the terminal voltage is larger than the lowest voltage; detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage; and the internal resistance of the detected battery is measured by adopting a four-wire alternating current detection method.
In the embodiment of the application, the detected battery is exemplified as a storage battery. The storage battery capacity detected by the embodiment of the application is 10h rate capacity, and the tested discharge current DisCur is I 10 Is expressed as a multiple of distur=mag×i 10 Wherein, mag is discharge multiplying power, and mag can be 0.1-0.9, 1, 2, 3, etc.; as the capacity of the storage battery is reduced along with the increase of the discharge current, the capacity is converted according to the discharge current during the capacity test, and the capacity conversion coefficient is defined as k c According to the related standard and data, k is taken when mag=0.1-0.9 c When mag=2, take k =1 c When mag=3, take k=0.93 c ＝0.89。
In detecting the life of a battery, that is, detecting the actual capacity of the battery, the life or the state of health of the battery is evaluated based on the actual capacity. The evaluation of the quality of a storage battery is to look at the difference between the actual capacity and the rated capacity, if the actual measured capacity is larger than or equal to the rated capacity, the performance of the battery is better, and if the actual measured capacity is far smaller than the rated capacity, the storage battery is seriously aged. The evaluation time is divided into four grades of excellent, good, medium and bad, the percentage of the actual capacity and the rated capacity is used as the final evaluation score, if the final evaluation score is lower than 60, namely the actual capacity of the storage battery is only 60% of the rated capacity of the storage battery, the detected storage battery is aged, and the storage battery is replaced in time in order to ensure the normal operation of field equipment.
The internal resistance of the battery is measured before the capacity of the battery is detected. When the internal resistance is detected, whether the terminal voltage at two ends of the storage battery is larger than the lowest voltage of the storage battery is judged.
Wherein it is known that when the remaining capacity of the battery is less than 50%, the internal resistance of the battery increases significantly, and compensation of the internal resistance is required in consideration of the estimated capacity after a short-time discharge of the battery, so that the battery is limited to a voltage corresponding to 0.5C at the minimum voltage at the time of the battery internal resistance test and is denoted as BatREsVol min The storage battery of the embodiment of the applicationThe minimum voltage is calculated equivalently according to the following formula:
BatResVol min ＝12.049×RatedVol/12(V)；
in the formula, batREsThe lowest voltage of the battery is represented, and RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery.
In combination with the requirements of the power distribution terminal on the working power supply, the rated voltage of the storage battery can be set to be 12V, 24V or 48V, etc.
If the terminal voltage of the battery is greater than BatREsWhen the internal resistance measurement is started, the whole test process lasts for 5s;
if the terminal voltage of the battery is less than BatREsWhen the voltage of the battery is greater than BatRES +.>At this time, the internal resistance of the battery is measured, and the internal resistance value of the battery is referred to as BatRes.
Setting ResMesFulfill_Flag after the internal resistance measurement of the storage battery is completed, and setting the ResMesFulfill_Flag to 0 if the wiring of the storage battery is broken in the internal resistance test process of the storage battery; and after the internal resistance test of the storage battery is finished, if the wiring of the storage battery is broken or the storage battery is replaced, the ResMesFulfill_Flag is 0.
And judging whether a ResMesFulfill_Flag mark for finishing the measurement of the internal resistance of the storage battery is 1, if the ResMesFulfill_Flag mark is 1, starting to perform capacity test, otherwise, waiting until the ResMesFulfill_Flag mark is 1, and measuring the capacity of the storage battery.
In step S2, when the internal resistance detection of the detected battery is completed, a discharge test is performed on the detected battery, and a short-time discharge curve is obtained.
The discharge current is calculated according to the parameters of the storage battery and the voltage of the front end of the storage battery set by the man-machine interaction interface, and the maximum power P bearable by the detection device is comprehensively considered when the discharge current is calculated max The specific calculation steps are as follows:
s21, obtaining the maximum power of a detection device, wherein the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery are obtained, and the discharge current of the detected battery is obtained;
according to the maximum power P bearable by the detection device max Gradually calculating mag by rated capacity RatedCAP of the storage battery and rated voltage RatedVol of the storage battery until the mag meets the following formula; and obtaining the discharge current of the detected battery according to the discharge multiplying power.
RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤P max ；
Wherein RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery, ratedcap represents the rated capacity of the battery, and P max The maximum power of the detection device is shown, and mag represents the discharge rate.
When mag is less than 1, mag is increased according to the step length of 0.1, when mag is more than or equal to 1, mag is increased according to the step length of 1, and in order to avoid energy waste, the maximum value of mag is 3; p (P) max Taken as 100W.
The minimum value of the float voltage for the battery test is defined as FVol min If the end voltage is higher than the floating voltage when the storage battery starts to discharge, the end voltage will drop rapidly, and the voltage change rate of the storage battery is larger at the moment, so that larger interference is brought to the short-time discharge test of the storage battery; therefore, when calculating the discharge current of the battery, the relationship between the terminal voltage and the float voltage of the battery at this time is determined.
If the terminal voltage of the battery at the start of the test is greater than FVol min Since the battery is lower than FVol during testing min The capacity test is more accurate, so that under the condition of meeting the maximum power, larger current (mag is less than or equal to 3) is adopted for discharging; if the voltage of the storage battery at the beginning of the test is less than or equal to FVol min Under the condition of meeting maximum power, adopting the power of not more than 2I 10 When mag=3, the mag=2 is assigned;
based on the stepwise calculated mag value, the discharge current is calculated as follows.
I＝mag×RatedCap/10；
In the formula, I represents a discharge current, ratedCap represents a rated capacity of the battery, and mag represents a discharge rate.
S22, when the discharge current of the detected battery is detected, acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determining a detection initial voltage and a detection initial time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
when the discharge current of the storage battery is detected, an initial voltage point of a voltage test is determined, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltage is larger than the minimum floating voltage;
if the terminal voltage is larger than the minimum floating voltage, continuously discharging for 30s according to the discharge current, continuously discharging for 1.5min when the change of the terminal voltage is constant, and recording the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the terminal voltage is smaller than the minimum floating voltage;
and if the terminal voltage is smaller than the minimum floating voltage, continuously discharging for 30s according to the discharging current, and recording the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the change of the terminal voltage is constant.
Wherein, when the discharge current is I 10 When the capacity is reduced to 0.3C, the voltage drop value of the terminal voltage is larger than 6mV×RatedVol/12, and the internal resistance of the storage battery is obviously increased, and the terminal voltage is reduced to FVol min And the calculation is started, so that larger calculation errors are avoided. For this purpose, when the voltage drop value satisfies the following or the terminal voltage is smaller than FVol min The test starting voltage point can be determined when the test starting voltage point is not met, or the test starting voltage point is discharged until the condition is met, and the Time is recorded as the detection initial Time Time Start Voltage, voltageThe voltage is recorded as a detection initial voltage BatBuaseVol, wherein the detection initial voltage is the voltage when the detection can start after the voltage change tends to be stable after discharging for 1.5min, and is not the voltage when the detection device just starts to be electrified; wherein, if mag is less than 1 in the following formula, mag is 1 treatment;
2mV×RatedVol/12×mag≤ΔU≤6mV×RatedVol/12×mag；
where Δu represents a terminal voltage drop value, ratedVol represents a rated voltage of the battery, and mag represents a discharge rate.
S23, acquiring a terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharging the discharge current in the step S21 for 5min, judging whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is larger than 20mV, continuously discharging the discharge current if the terminal voltage drop value is smaller than 20mV, stopping detection if the terminal voltage drop value is larger than 20mV, obtaining detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtaining a short-time discharge curve;
when the terminal voltage of the storage battery is larger than the minimum floating voltage, the discharge curve characteristic of the storage battery is difficult to grasp, the voltage drops quickly when the test is started, then the voltage drops continuously at a voltage point for a period of time, even a transient voltage rise occurs, and the phenomenon can lead to the failure of the capacity test. Therefore, an effective initial voltage point is determined and the voltage is referred to as initial voltage, the Time is referred to as initial Time, the voltage at the end of the test is referred to as end voltage BatEndVol, and the Time at the end of the test is referred to as end Time End 。
In step S3, according to the short-time discharge curve, a slope of the discharge curve is obtained;
the calculation formula of the slope of the discharge curve is as follows:
K t ＝ΔU/(Time End -Time Start )；
wherein K is t Represents the slope of the discharge curve, deltaU represents the terminal voltage drop value, time Start Indicating the initial Time of detection, time End Indicating the end time of the test.
In step S4, a detection reference voltage point is obtained according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
the voltage value of the detection reference voltage point, batREFVol, is approximately equivalent to (BatBuseVol+BatEndVol)/2, where BatBuseVol represents the detection initial voltage and BatEndVol represents the detection end voltage.
In step S5, a standard discharge curve of the detected battery is obtained, and a standard slope is obtained according to the voltage of the detection reference voltage point;
the method provided by the embodiment of the application adopts the voltage change rate to estimate the capacity of the storage battery, so that a standard voltage change rate is needed as a reference, and in the embodiment, the discharge current of the storage battery is adopted as I 10 The rated voltage of the storage battery is 12V, and a standard discharge curve with the capacity being the rated capacity is used as a reference curve. The voltage of the detection reference voltage point of the storage battery is brought into a standard discharge curve to obtain a standard slope K r And estimating the capacity of the storage battery according to the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope, and performing capacity test.
In step S6, according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope, and according to a calculation formula, obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity;
the calculation formula of the estimated value of the detected storage battery capacity is as follows:
C t ＝RatedCap×k r ×mag×(RatedCap/12)/k t ；
wherein RatedCAP represents the rated capacity, k t Represents the slope, k of the discharge curve r Represents the standard slope, and mag represents the discharge rate.
In the above formula, when mag=0.1 to 0.9, mag may be treated as approximately 1.
In step S7, performing internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation;
after the capacity of the storage battery is estimated, the influence of the internal resistance on the actual capacity of the storage battery is considered, so that the method provided by the embodiment of the application compensates the internal resistance. In practice, after considering the influence of the internal resistance, the discharge curve of the storage battery is shifted downward as a whole, and in order to simplify the calculation, the cut-off voltage of the storage battery is to be increased, and the specific steps of internal resistance compensation are as follows:
the cut-off voltage of the detected battery is increased, the time when the cut-off voltage is consistent with the rated voltage and the time when the rated voltage is reduced to 10.5V are obtained according to the cut-off voltage, and then internal resistance compensation processing is carried out on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, so that the capacity after internal resistance compensation is obtained;
the cut-off voltage of the discharge of the battery is defined as BatVol min According to related standards and data, the cut-off voltage of the 12V storage battery is set to be 10.5V, wherein the calculation formula of the cut-off voltage is as follows:
BatVol min ＝10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V)；
in the formula, batVol min The cutoff voltage, ratedVol, the rated voltage of the battery, batRes, the internal resistance of the battery, and RatedCap, respectively.
According to the compensated cut-off voltage, after the cut-off voltage is processed to be consistent with the rated voltage 12V described by the standard discharge curve, a time T can be obtained according to the cut-off voltage test The time taken for the voltage to drop to 10.5V in the standard discharge curve is T test The capacity after internal resistance compensation can be calculated as follows:
C tr ＝C t ×T test /T st ；
wherein C is tr Representing the capacity after the internal resistance compensation, C t An estimated value representing the detected battery capacity, T test T represents the time when the compensated cut-off voltage is consistent with the rated voltage st The time elapsed for the rated voltage to fall to 10.5V is indicated.
In step S8, the actual capacity of the detected battery is obtained according to the capacity after the internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery.
The capacity of the battery should also take into account the influence of temperature on the actual capacity of the battery, and the calculation formula of the actual capacity of the battery taking into account the influence of temperature is:
C e ＝C tr /(1+K(T-25))；
wherein C is e Representing the actual capacity of the battery, C tr The capacity after the internal resistance compensation is represented, T represents the actual temperature of the storage battery, K represents the temperature coefficient, and K=0.005-0.008/DEGC.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the method for detecting the service life of the battery of the power distribution terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps: acquiring terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, judging whether the terminal voltages are larger than the lowest voltage, and detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery; when the internal resistance detection is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve, and further obtaining the slope of the discharge curve; obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection ending voltage; obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery to obtain a standard slope; obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to a capacity calculation formula; and performing internal resistance compensation processing and temperature compensation processing on the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery. According to the method provided by the application, the actual capacity of the detected battery is tested based on the short-time discharge of the voltage change rate; firstly, measuring internal resistance, and determining the internal resistance by utilizing the relation existing between the capacity of a detected battery and the change of terminal voltage; then carrying out discharge test, and carrying out constant-current short-time discharge for 5-20 min on the detected battery; finally, carrying out capacity measurement, and estimating the capacity of the detected battery according to the voltage change rate of the detected battery terminal voltage; the method fully considers the influence of the internal resistance and the temperature of the detected battery on the actual capacity, compensates the detected battery capacity according to the internal resistance measured by the four-wire alternating current test method and the field temperature of the detected battery, and further evaluates the health state of the detected battery. The method provided by the application has the advantages that the test time is short, the electric quantity of the detected battery is not required to be completely discharged, the energy waste is reduced, the relations among the capacity, the temperature and the internal resistance are comprehensively considered, the capacity test is accurate, and the health state evaluation of the detected battery is reasonable.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for detecting a battery life of a power distribution terminal, including: the lithium battery pack comprises a main control module, a voltage detection circuit, an internal resistance detection circuit, a communication circuit, an alternating current output circuit, a constant current discharge circuit and a lithium battery pack,
the output end of the main control module is respectively connected with the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the alternating current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the input end of the lithium battery pack;
the input end of the main control module is respectively connected with the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the alternating current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the output end of the lithium battery pack;
the alternating current output circuit comprises a power module and a command sending module;
the sending instruction module is used for sending a control instruction for requesting to output alternating current;
the power module is used for outputting the alternating current;
the main control module is used for receiving the control instruction and controlling the power module in the alternating current output circuit to output the alternating current;
the voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the direct current voltage at two ends of the detected battery in real time;
the internal resistance detection circuit is used for detecting alternating voltage at two ends of the detected battery in real time and obtaining the internal resistance of the detected battery according to the alternating current;
the constant current discharge circuit is used for controlling the detected battery to perform constant current discharge and performing discharge test;
the communication circuit is used for outputting detection data, and the detection data comprises: the direct current voltage, the alternating current and the internal resistance;
the lithium battery pack is used for providing electric energy.
Specifically, the main control module is in bidirectional connection with other modules and circuits in the device so as to realize bidirectional communication of detection data with the corresponding modules and circuits; the main control module is a core of the power distribution terminal battery life detection device and controls the working states of other modules and circuits; the main control module is also provided with a communication interface for detecting the derivation of the data tested when the battery is detected.
The communication circuit is internally provided with 1-path network port and 2-path serial ports which can be communicated with the communication interface of the main control module so as to realize the output of detection data of the detected battery; the communication circuit can also be used for setting related parameters of the device by an operator through the upper computer.
The voltage detection circuit is mainly used for monitoring direct current voltages at two ends of the detected battery in real time when the detected battery is subjected to capacity test.
The internal resistance detection circuit mainly samples a four-wire system alternating current detection method to measure the internal resistance of the detected battery, measures the alternating current voltage at two ends of the detected battery by adding an alternating current signal to the detected battery, and calculates the internal resistance of the detected battery according to the test data.
When the internal resistance is detected, whether the terminal voltage of the detected battery is larger than the lowest voltage of the detected battery is judged, and the capacity detection of the detected battery can be performed only when the terminal voltage is larger than the lowest voltage.
The alternating current output circuit is internally provided with a power module and a sending instruction module, and is used for outputting alternating current and carrying out discharge test.
The alternating current output circuit mainly sets current amplitude, phase and frequency before detection, and sends an instruction to the main control module through the instruction sending module, and the main control module drives the power module to finish alternating current output.
The constant-current discharge circuit is mainly used for ensuring constant-current discharge of the detected battery when the capacity of the detected battery is calculated; and determining the magnitude of the discharge current according to the parameters set for the detected battery before detection and the state before the discharge test of the detected battery, and carrying out the discharge test according to the constant current. The constant-current discharge circuit mainly controls the driving voltage of the MOS tube to enable the MOS tube to work in a saturation region, namely a constant-current region, so that constant-current discharge is realized.
The lithium battery pack mainly provides electric energy and is used as a power supply for detecting the service life of the detected battery on the detection site.
Preferably, the detection device further comprises a man-machine interaction module, wherein the man-machine interaction module comprises a display unit and an input unit; the display unit and the input unit are respectively connected with the main control module; the display unit is used for displaying the detection data; the input unit is used for setting corresponding working parameters.
Specifically, the man-machine interaction module consists of a display unit and an input unit, wherein the display unit is an LCD (liquid crystal display) which is connected with the main control module through a bus, and detection data of the detected battery are displayed through the display unit; the input unit may be a keyboard for inputting and setting related parameters of the detection device, including detected battery parameters and communication parameters.
Preferably, the detection device further comprises a lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit, wherein the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is arranged between the lithium battery pack and the main control module, and the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is respectively connected with the lithium battery pack and the main control module; the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is used for controlling the charge and discharge of the lithium battery pack.
Specifically, the lithium battery charge-discharge management circuit is mainly used for controlling charge and discharge of the lithium battery pack, estimating the residual capacity of the battery according to the working current and voltage of the lithium battery, and displaying the residual capacity in real time instantly through the display unit.
In the service life detection device for the battery of the power distribution terminal provided by the embodiment of the application, the working process formed by each structure can correspondingly refer to the flow steps of the service life detection method for the battery of the power distribution terminal provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the application, and the description is omitted here.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of the present application provide a method and an apparatus for detecting the service life of a battery of a power distribution terminal, where the method includes the following steps: acquiring terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, judging whether the terminal voltages are larger than the lowest voltage, and detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery; when the internal resistance detection is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve, and further obtaining the slope of the discharge curve; obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection ending voltage; obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery to obtain a standard slope; obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to a capacity calculation formula; and performing internal resistance compensation processing and temperature compensation processing on the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery. According to the method and the device provided by the application, the actual capacity of the detected battery is tested based on the short-time discharge of the voltage change rate; firstly, measuring internal resistance, and determining the internal resistance by utilizing the relation existing between the capacity of a detected battery and the change of terminal voltage; then carrying out discharge test, and carrying out constant-current short-time discharge for 5-20 min on the detected battery; finally, carrying out capacity measurement, and estimating the capacity of the detected battery according to the voltage change rate of the detected battery terminal voltage; the method fully considers the influence of the internal resistance and the temperature of the detected battery on the actual capacity, compensates the detected battery capacity according to the internal resistance measured by the four-wire alternating current test method and the field temperature of the detected battery, and further evaluates the health state of the detected battery. The method and the device provided by the application have the advantages that the test time is short, the electric quantity of the detected battery is not required to be completely discharged, the energy waste is reduced, the relations among the capacity, the temperature and the internal resistance are comprehensively considered, the capacity test is accurate, and the health state evaluation of the detected battery is reasonable.
Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for detecting the service life of the battery of the power distribution terminal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, obtaining terminal voltages at two ends of a detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltages are larger than the lowest voltages at the two ends of the detected battery; if the terminal voltage is smaller than the lowest voltage, charging the detected battery until the terminal voltage is larger than the lowest voltage; detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage;
s2, when the internal resistance detection of the detected battery is completed, performing discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-time discharge curve; comprising the following steps:
s21, obtaining the maximum power of a detection device, wherein the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery are obtained, and the discharge current of the detected battery is obtained;
s22, when the discharge current of the detected battery is detected, acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determining a detection initial voltage and a detection initial time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
s23, acquiring a terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharging the discharge current in the step S21 for 5min, judging whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is larger than 20mV, continuously discharging the discharge current if the terminal voltage drop value is smaller than 20mV, stopping detection if the terminal voltage drop value is larger than 20mV, obtaining detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtaining the short-time discharge curve;
s3, obtaining the slope of the discharge curve according to the short-time discharge curve;
s4, obtaining a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
s5, obtaining a standard discharge curve of the detected battery, and obtaining a standard slope according to the voltage of the detection reference voltage point;
s6, obtaining an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope and a capacity calculation formula;
s7, performing internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation;
and S8, performing temperature compensation processing on the detected battery according to the capacity after the internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S21 specifically includes:
obtaining the maximum power of the detection device, gradually calculating the discharge multiplying power of the rated capacity and the rated voltage of the detected battery, and obtaining the discharge current of the detected battery according to the discharge multiplying power; wherein, the formula of discharge multiplying power is:
RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤P max ；
wherein RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery to be detected, ratedcap represents the rated capacity of the battery to be detected, and P max Representing the maximum power of the detection device, and mag represents the discharge multiplying power;
the calculation formula of the discharge current is as follows:
I＝mag×RatedCap/10；
wherein I represents a discharge current, ratedCap represents a rated capacity of the battery to be detected, and mag represents a discharge rate.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step S22 comprises the steps of:
acquiring the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltage is larger than the minimum floating voltage;
if the terminal voltage is larger than the minimum floating voltage, continuously discharging for 30s according to the discharge current, continuously discharging for 1.5min when the change of the terminal voltage is constant, and recording the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the terminal voltage is smaller than the minimum floating voltage;
and if the terminal voltage is smaller than the minimum floating voltage, continuously discharging for 30s according to the discharging current, and recording the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the change of the terminal voltage is constant.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, a slope of a discharge curve is obtained according to the short-time discharge curve; wherein, the calculation formula of the slope of the discharge curve is:
K t ＝ΔU/(Time END －Time Start )；
wherein K is t Represents the slope of the discharge curve, deltaU represents the terminal voltage drop value, time Start Indicating the initial Time of detection, time END Indicating the end time of the test.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, a capacity calculation formula of the estimated value of the detected battery capacity is:
C t ＝RatedCap×k r ×mag×(RatedCap/12)/K t ；
wherein RatedCAP represents the rated capacity, K t Represents the slope, k of the discharge curve r Represents the standard slope, and mag represents the discharge rate.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S7 specifically includes:
the cut-off voltage of the detected battery is increased, the time when the cut-off voltage is consistent with the rated voltage and the time when the rated voltage is reduced to 10.5V are obtained according to the cut-off voltage, and then internal resistance compensation processing is carried out on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation; wherein, the calculation formula of the cut-off voltage is:
BatVol min ＝10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V)；
in the formula, batVol min Indicating the cut-off voltage, ratedVol indicating the rated voltage of the battery to be detected, batRes indicating the internal resistance of the battery to be detected, ratedCap indicating the rated capacity of the battery to be detected;
the capacity calculation formula of the internal resistance compensation is as follows: c (C) tr ＝C t ×T test /T st ；
Wherein C is tr Representing the capacity after the internal resistance compensation, C t An estimated value representing the detected battery capacity, T test T represents the time when the compensated cut-off voltage is consistent with the rated voltage st The time elapsed for the rated voltage to fall to 10.5V is indicated.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S8, the calculation formula of the actual capacity of the detected battery is:
C e ＝C tr /(1+K(T－25))；
wherein C is e Representing the actual capacity of the detected battery, C tr And the capacity after the internal resistance compensation is represented by T, the actual temperature of the battery to be detected is represented by the unit of DEG C, K represents the temperature coefficient, and K=0.005-0.008/DEGC.
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Effective date of registration: 20191118 Address after: Yunda economic and Technological Development Zone in Yunnan province Kunming city 650217 West Road No. 105 Applicant after: ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: YUXI POWER SUPPLY BUREAU OF YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Address before: Yunda economic and Technological Development Zone in Yunnan province Kunming city 650217 West Road No. 105 Applicant before: ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: YUXI POWER SUPPLY BUREAU OF YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: SHANGHAI WISCOM SUNEST ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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