CN106645573B - Method for expressing index for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an index expression method for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality, which utilizes the characteristic that pollutant species in a common room are relatively fixed and pollutant release is relatively continuous and stable, and synthesizes main physical index factors in an air conditioner comfort index and an indoor air quality index, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of combining factors such as temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, formaldehyde and VOC pollutant concentration and the like with an indirect calculation judging method of indoor air quality, comprehensively calculating a comprehensive index ACI representing the indoor air quality as a comprehensive evaluation index of the indoor air quality, and establishing a positive correlation with subjective feelings of human bodies for the indoor air quality and comfort level of general home, office and teaching rooms to continuously evaluate the indoor air quality and comfort level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an index expression method for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality.
Background
The existing indoor air quality evaluation index and the air conditioner comfort evaluation index are two systems respectively. Wherein, the indoor air quality evaluation adopts a plurality of physical parameters as indexes (19 indexes are regulated by national standard), and the indoor comfort evaluation in the building adopts other physical parameters as indexes. The two have an intersection, but not exactly the same. But from the perspective of the user, both are presented with an assessment of subjective perception of indoor air quality, but we lack a comprehensive assessment index of comfort for indoor air quality.
The difficulty in evaluating the indoor air quality by the existing method is that the number of parameters serving as physical indexes is large, the parameters are not easy to be completely mastered by common people who are not trained in profession, certain physical parameters are difficult to obtain, or the obtained cost is high, such as formaldehyde concentration.
Under the current situation, the two similar concepts of indoor air quality and air conditioning comfort are divided into two systems for evaluation, but the evaluation mode does not establish a one-to-one correspondence with the subjective feeling of a human body; secondly, the indoor air quality is evaluated or a disposable detection and evaluation method is adopted, for example, sampling detection and evaluation are carried out in the completion stage of engineering, and also disposable detection and evaluation are carried out when complaints or disputes are encountered, or incomplete continuous detection, for example, only temperature is adopted, so as to represent whether comfort is achieved or not, and humidity detection is increased sometimes. However, when disputes are encountered, only providing the two indexes cannot completely represent the air quality, or the comfort degree reaches or does not reach the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an index expression method for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality, which can establish an index which can be positively correlated with subjective feeling of a human body for indoor air quality and comfort level of general home, office and teaching rooms so as to continuously evaluate the indoor air quality and the comfort level.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an index expression method for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality, comprising:
acquiring indoor temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air continuous circulation parameters;
obtaining a temperature index according to indoor temperature parameters, obtaining a relative humidity index according to indoor relative humidity parameters, obtaining a carbon dioxide concentration index according to indoor carbon dioxide concentration parameters, and obtaining an air continuous circulation index according to air continuous circulation parameters;
and obtaining a comprehensive index according to the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of the air, wherein a worse index of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of the air is given a larger weight when calculating the comprehensive index.
Further, in the above method, the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration, the air continuous flow index, and the integrated index are each represented by a real number of 0 or more.
Further, in the above method, obtaining a temperature index according to a temperature parameter in the room includes:
dividing the difference between the indoor temperature parameter and the temperature standard value by a first preset value to obtain a result as a temperature index.
Further, in the above method, when the indoor temperature parameter is higher than 26 ℃, the temperature standard value is 26 ℃, and the corresponding first preset value is 4 ℃; when the indoor temperature parameter is lower than 18 ℃, the temperature standard value is 18 ℃, the corresponding first preset value is 6 ℃, and when the indoor temperature parameter is between 18 ℃ and 26 ℃, the temperature index is 0.
Further, in the above method, obtaining the relative humidity index according to the indoor relative humidity parameter includes:
dividing the difference between the indoor relative humidity parameter and the humidity standard value by a second preset value to obtain a relative humidity index.
Further, in the above method, the second preset value is 20%, the humidity standard value is 80% when the relative humidity parameter is higher than 80%, the humidity standard value is 40% when the relative humidity parameter is lower than 40%, and the humidity index is 0 when the relative humidity parameter is between 40% and 80%.
Further, in the above method, obtaining a carbon dioxide concentration index according to a carbon dioxide concentration parameter in a room includes:
and dividing the difference value of the carbon dioxide concentration parameter and the carbon dioxide concentration standard value by a third preset value to obtain a result as a carbon dioxide concentration index.
Further, in the above method, the standard value of the carbon dioxide concentration is 800ppm, the third preset value is 400ppm, and when the parameter of the carbon dioxide concentration is lower than 800ppm, the index of the carbon dioxide component is 0. Specifically, the carbon dioxide index is a function of the concentration of carbon dioxide in air: the carbon dioxide concentration parameter is higher than the difference between 800ppm, divided by 400, and the carbon dioxide index is 0 below 800 ppm.
Further, in the above method, obtaining the air continuous circulation index according to the air continuous circulation parameter includes:
the air flow index is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, the initial value of the air flow index refers to the calculation result of the air flow index calculated in the previous time when the ventilation state is changed (such as a ventilator switch);
t is the time in hours, the time elapsed from the change of ventilation state (for example, ventilator switch) to the current measurement moment;
τ is the dynamic air age.
Further, in the above method, the dynamic air age is calculated by the formula τ=1.443·t 2 Calculated, where t 2 The time taken for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop to half the equilibrium value during the detection described below.
The detection process is a process of recording the natural drop of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration when no personnel stay under the ventilation state similar to the calculated air ventilation index.
Further, in the above method, the method may further include obtaining a composite index according to the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration, and the air continuous flow index, wherein a worse index of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration, and the air continuous flow index is given a larger weight when calculating the composite index, including:
taking the maximum value of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous air flow index, taking the average value of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous air flow index, and taking the result obtained by dividing the product of the maximum value and the average value by root number as the comprehensive index.
Further, in the above method, after obtaining the comprehensive index according to the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the air continuous flow index, the method further includes:
and judging the indoor air quality and the indoor comfort level according to the comprehensive index, wherein the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index within 0.5 are excellent, the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index within the range of 0.5-1 are good, and the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index above 1 are bad.
Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the characteristic that the types of pollutants in general rooms (such as living, office, hotel, teaching and other types of usage where people stay for a long time) are centralized and fixed, and synthesizes main physical index factors in the comfort index and the indoor air quality index of the air conditioner, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of combining factors such as temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, formaldehyde and VOC pollutant concentration and the like with an indirect calculation judging method of indoor air quality, comprehensively calculating a comprehensive index ACI representing the indoor air quality as a comprehensive evaluation index of the indoor air quality, and establishing a positive correlation with subjective feelings of human bodies for the indoor air quality and comfort level of general home, office and teaching rooms to continuously evaluate the indoor air quality and comfort level.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an index expression method for comprehensive evaluation of indoor air quality according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The method for expressing the index for comprehensively evaluating the indoor air quality is based on the following principle:
1) In general, home, office, and teaching rooms, comfort air conditioning designs are limited in factors affecting comfort feeling and factors affecting indoor air quality. The main factors are physical indexes such as temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, formaldehyde and VOC pollutant concentration.
2) Subjective feelings of comfort or discomfort to individuals of the person due to the above factors can be distinguished as: good, acceptable, barely acceptable, intolerable, etc.
3) The concentration of formaldehyde and VOC which are main pollutants in a room can be indirectly deduced through temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide, continuous ventilation time and the like, so that the concentration index of the pollutants in the room can be indirectly expressed by the continuous ventilation quantity. Thus, the main factors affecting indoor comfort and air quality are limited to: temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, air continuous circulation index 4 parameters.
4) A score index of indoor air quality may be formulated for each of the 4 physical factors based on different experiences. The exponent and the division exponent are represented by real numbers equal to or greater than 0. The index size is smallest in the most favorable state, and the poor state is larger.
5) Based on 4 index points, a comprehensive index ACI can be obtained comprehensively. The ACI calculation should give greater weight to one index of the worse, and other factors of the index of the better should be reflected.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for expressing an index for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality, comprising:
step S1, acquiring indoor temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air continuous circulation parameters;
step S2, obtaining a temperature index according to indoor temperature parameters, obtaining a relative humidity index according to indoor relative humidity parameters, obtaining a carbon dioxide concentration index according to indoor carbon dioxide concentration parameters, and obtaining an air continuous circulation index according to air continuous circulation parameters;
and step S3, obtaining a comprehensive index according to the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of the air, wherein a worse index of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of the air gives a larger weight when calculating the comprehensive index. Judging the indoor air quality and the comfort level in the existing mode needs to specifically indicate whether a certain physical index is reached or not, and whether the human body has good or bad feeling on the comfort level. By adopting the ACI index mode, quantitative relation is established between the comfort degree felt by individuals and main several indexes in a plurality of physical indexes, so as to simply and comprehensively represent and judge the indoor air quality and the comfort degree.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration, the air continuous flow index, and the integrated index are respectively represented by real numbers greater than or equal to 0.
In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a temperature index according to indoor temperature parameters includes:
dividing the difference between the indoor temperature parameter and the temperature standard value by a first preset value to obtain a result as a temperature index. So that the temperature index can be precisely obtained.
Preferably, when the indoor temperature parameter is higher than 26 ℃, the temperature standard value is 26 ℃, and the corresponding first preset value is 4 ℃; when the indoor temperature parameter is lower than 18 ℃, the temperature standard value is 18 ℃, the corresponding first preset value is 6 ℃, and when the indoor temperature parameter is between 18 ℃ and 26 ℃, the temperature index is 0. Specifically, the functional relationship between the temperature index and the indoor temperature is: the deviation of the actual temperature parameter from the temperature standard value (c) is divided by the first preset value of 4 c (when 26 c or more in summer) or 6 c (when 18 c or less in winter). The temperature standard value is that the actual temperature is 26 ℃ when the actual temperature is higher than 26 ℃,18 ℃ when the actual temperature is lower than 18 ℃, and the temperature index is 0 when the actual temperature is between 18 ℃ and 26 ℃. Specific calculation examples: the actual temperature in summer is 28 ℃, then 28-26=2, 2++4=0.5, and the temperature index is equal to 0.5. Another example is: the actual winter temperature is 6 ℃, then 18-6=12, 12++6=2, and the temperature index is equal to 2.
In one embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a relative humidity index according to a relative humidity parameter in a room includes:
dividing the difference between the indoor relative humidity parameter and the humidity standard value by a second preset value to obtain a relative humidity index, thereby obtaining an accurate relative humidity index.
Preferably, the second preset value is 20%, the humidity standard value is 80% when the relative humidity parameter is higher than 80%, the humidity standard value is 40% when the relative humidity parameter is lower than 40%, and the humidity index is 0 when the relative humidity parameter is between 40% and 80%. Specifically, the humidity index and the indoor air relative humidity have the following functional relationship: the deviation (%) of the indoor relative humidity from the humidity standard value is divided by 20%. Humidity standard value, relative humidity parameter is 80% when higher than 80%, 40% when lower than 40%, humidity index between 40% and 80% is 0. Specific calculation examples: at an actual humidity of 95%, 95-80=15, 15++20=0.75, the moisture index is equal to 0.75.
In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a carbon dioxide concentration index according to an indoor carbon dioxide concentration parameter includes:
and dividing the difference value of the carbon dioxide concentration parameter and the carbon dioxide concentration standard value by a third preset value to obtain a carbon dioxide concentration index, so that the carbon dioxide concentration index can be accurately obtained.
Preferably, the standard value of the carbon dioxide concentration is 800ppm, the third preset value is 400ppm, and when the parameter of the carbon dioxide concentration is lower than 800ppm, the index of the carbon dioxide component is 0. Specifically, the carbon dioxide index is a function of the concentration of carbon dioxide in air: the carbon dioxide concentration parameter is higher than the difference between 800ppm, divided by 400ppm, and the carbon dioxide index is 0 below 800 ppm. Specific calculation examples: the actual carbon dioxide concentration was 1000ppm, 1000-800=200, 200++400=0.5, and the carbon dioxide index was equal to 0.5.
In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining an air continuous circulation index according to an air continuous circulation parameter includes:
the air flow index is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, the initial value of the air flow index refers to the calculation result of the air flow index calculated in the previous time when the ventilation state is changed (such as a ventilator switch);
t is the time in hours, the time elapsed from the change of ventilation state (for example, ventilator switch) to the current measurement moment;
τ is the dynamic air age;
e is the base of natural logarithms, e= 2.71828182845904523. The initial value of the airflow opening index may be 1, and the final result of the previous calculation after the ventilation state is changed (e.g., ventilator switch) is the initial value of the next calculation. Thus, the comprehensive index can be accurately calculated, and the specific calculation examples are: the air circulation index was initially 4, the ventilator was turned on, the τ value was 0.25, after 20 minutes,
air flow index= (4-0.25) ·0.26+0.25=1.23.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic air age is calculated by the formula τ=1.443·t 2 Calculated, where t 2 The time taken for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop to half the equilibrium value during the detection described below.
The detection process is a process of recording the natural drop of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration when no personnel stay under the ventilation state similar to the calculated air ventilation index.
Specifically, τ is obtained by the following detection result and calculation method:
under the condition that no person exhales air to increase carbon dioxide in the room, and the condition that the ventilation state is unchanged, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the indoor air is steadily attenuated, and the actual measurement change curve of the concentration of the carbon dioxide is obtained by the following values:
η initially, the method comprises : detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide at the beginning;
η balancing : the balance value of the carbon dioxide concentration is considered to be reached when the carbon dioxide concentration tends to be balanced after the carbon dioxide concentration is detected for a period of time and the fluctuation range is less than 5%, and the average value at the moment is taken as the balance value eta of the carbon dioxide Balancing ；
t2 is the time taken for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop to half the equilibrium value: if eta Initially, the method comprises ＝800ppm，η Balancing =400 ppm, then the time required for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop from 800ppm to 600ppm is t2;
calculation of dynamic air age τ:
τ＝1.443·t 2
the τ value is considered constant for the same room under the same ventilation conditions.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a composite index is obtained according to a temperature, a relative humidity, a carbon dioxide concentration and an air continuous flow index, wherein a worse index of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the air continuous flow index is given a larger weight when the composite index is calculated, including:
taking the maximum value of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous air flow index, taking the average value of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous air flow index, and taking the result obtained by dividing the product of the maximum value and the average value by root number as the comprehensive index. Specifically, after four index scores are calculated, one of the maximum values is taken, one average value is taken, and then the product of the maximum value and the average value is taken, so that the integrated index ACI of indoor comfort air quality is obtained. In the above example, the summer temperature index is 0.5, the rest is 0.75, 0.5, 1.23, the maximum value of the four indices is 1.23, and the average value is (0.5+0.75+0.5+1.23)/(4=0.745;
then multiplying the two numbers, and opening the root: 1.23 x 0.745=0.92, with root number=0.96 for 0.92
In the specific example above, aci=0.96.
In an embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the comprehensive index according to the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of air, the method further includes:
and judging the indoor air quality and the indoor comfort level according to the comprehensive index, wherein the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index within 0.5 are excellent, the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index within the range of 0.5-1 are good, and the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index above 1 are bad. In the above-mentioned calculation method application example, the ACI value and the judgment range are: ACI is preferably within 0.5, with 0.5 to 1 being good, and 1 or more being bad.
In summary, the invention utilizes the characteristics of relatively fixed pollutant types and relatively continuous and stable pollutant release in general rooms (permanent wave liquid in shampoo places, specific food odor in catering places and other application types which are long-term remained by people in living, working, hotels, teaching and the like, and satisfies the conditions without special pollution sources, and the main physical index factors in comprehensive air conditioning comfort indexes and indoor air quality indexes comprise: the method comprises the steps of combining factors such as temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, formaldehyde and VOC pollutant concentration and the like with an indirect calculation judging method of indoor air quality, comprehensively calculating a comprehensive index ACI representing the indoor air quality as a comprehensive evaluation index of the indoor air quality, and establishing a positive correlation with subjective feelings of human bodies for the indoor air quality and comfort level of general home, office and teaching rooms to continuously evaluate the indoor air quality and comfort level.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. An expression method of an index for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality, comprising the following steps:
acquiring indoor temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air continuous circulation parameters;
obtaining a temperature index according to indoor temperature parameters, obtaining a relative humidity index according to indoor relative humidity parameters, obtaining a carbon dioxide concentration index according to indoor carbon dioxide concentration parameters, and obtaining an air continuous circulation index according to air continuous circulation parameters;
obtaining a comprehensive index according to the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of the air, wherein a worse index of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous flow index of the air gives a larger weight when calculating the comprehensive index;
obtaining a temperature index according to indoor temperature parameters, wherein the temperature index comprises the following steps:
dividing the difference value between the indoor temperature parameter and the temperature standard value by a first preset value to obtain a result as a temperature index;
obtaining a relative humidity index according to indoor relative humidity parameters, wherein the relative humidity index comprises the following steps:
dividing the difference between the indoor relative humidity parameter and the humidity standard value by a second preset value to obtain a result as a relative humidity index;
obtaining a carbon dioxide concentration index according to the indoor carbon dioxide concentration parameter, including:
dividing the difference value of the carbon dioxide concentration parameter and the carbon dioxide concentration standard value by a third preset value to obtain a result as a carbon dioxide concentration index;
obtaining an air continuous circulation index according to the air continuous circulation parameter, including:
the air flow index is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, the initial value of the air circulation index refers to the calculation result of the air circulation index calculated in the previous time when the ventilation state is changed;
t is time, time elapsed from the ventilation state change to the current measurement time, in hours;
τ is the dynamic air age.
2. The method of expressing an index for integrated evaluation of indoor air quality according to claim 1, wherein said temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, air continuous flow index and said integrated index are each expressed by a real number of 0 or more.
3. The method for expressing an index for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality according to claim 2, wherein when the indoor temperature parameter is higher than 26 ℃, the temperature standard value is 26 ℃, and the first preset value is 4 ℃; when the indoor temperature parameter is lower than 18 ℃, the temperature standard value is 18 ℃, the corresponding first preset value is 6 ℃, and when the indoor temperature parameter is between 18 ℃ and 26 ℃, the temperature index is 0.
4. A method of expressing an index for integrated assessment of indoor air quality according to claim 3, wherein the second preset value is 20%, the humidity standard value is 80% when the relative humidity parameter is higher than 80%, the humidity standard value is 40% when the relative humidity parameter is lower than 40%, and the humidity index is 0 when the relative humidity parameter is between 40% and 80%.
5. The method for expressing an index for comprehensively evaluating indoor air quality according to claim 4, wherein said standard value of carbon dioxide concentration is 800ppm, said third preset value is 400ppm, and carbon dioxide component index takes 0 when carbon dioxide concentration parameter is lower than 800 ppm.
6. The method for expressing an index for integrated indoor air quality assessment according to claim 5, wherein the dynamic air age is expressed by the formula τ = 1.443-t 2 Calculated, where t 2 For the time taken for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop to half the equilibrium value during the detection described below,
the detection process is a process of recording the natural drop of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration when no personnel stay under the ventilation state similar to the calculated air ventilation index.
7. The method of expressing an index for integrated assessment of indoor air quality according to claim 6, wherein the integrated index is obtained based on temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air continuous flow index, wherein a worse one of the temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air continuous flow index is given a greater weight when calculating the integrated index, comprising:
taking the maximum value of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous air flow index, taking the average value of the temperature, the relative humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the continuous air flow index, and taking the result obtained by dividing the product of the maximum value and the average value by root number as the comprehensive index.
8. The method for expressing an index for integrated assessment of indoor air quality as set forth in claim 7, further comprising, after obtaining the integrated index based on the temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and air continuous flow index:
and judging the indoor air quality and the indoor comfort level according to the comprehensive index, wherein the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index within 0.5 are excellent, the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index within the range of 0.5-1 are good, and the air quality and the indoor comfort level with the comprehensive index above 1 are bad.
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| US10760803B2 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-09-01 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Humidifier control systems and methods |
| CN111791664A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-20 | 海南师范大学 | Method for controlling air conditioner in bus |
| CN111854829A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 热映光电股份有限公司 | Display method and display device for environmental comfort |
| CN113624918A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-09 | 南京东旭智能科技有限公司 | Indoor air quality evaluation method |
| CN113566393B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-08-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air quality determination method, nonvolatile storage medium and air purification equipment |
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