CN106644998A - Novel fruit thinning method - Google Patents

Novel fruit thinning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106644998A
CN106644998A CN201610881157.9A CN201610881157A CN106644998A CN 106644998 A CN106644998 A CN 106644998A CN 201610881157 A CN201610881157 A CN 201610881157A CN 106644998 A CN106644998 A CN 106644998A
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fruit
carpopodium
sucrose
near infrared
concentration
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CN201610881157.9A
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CN106644998B (en
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倪纪恒
刘勇
毛罕平
张晓东
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/359Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel fruit thinning method. A near-infrared spectroscopy is utilized to scan sucrose solutions of different concentrations, characteristic wavelengths are extracted, a mathematical equation of sucrose concentration and near infrared spectrum reflection strength under the characteristic wavelengths is established, and thus a method for detecting content of sucrose in carpopodium of a fruit is obtained by adopting the near-infrared spectroscopy. The near-infrared spectroscopy is adopted to scan the carpopodium of the primarily-born fruit on the plant to obtain near-infrared spectrum data, and the concentration of the sucrose in the carpopodium is obtained according to the mathematical equation in the first step; the concentration of the sucrose in the carpopodium is compared with the concentration of sucrose in carpopodium of an adjacent fruit, and the fruit with the lowest concentration of the sucrose in the carpopodium is selected to thin fruits. According to the method, the fruit thinning effectiveness can be improved, and the method can be applied to fruit thinning of tomatoes, sweet peppers and eggplants and the like.

Description

A kind of new fruit thinning method
Technical field
The invention belongs to facilities horticulture cultivation field, and in particular to one kind is accurately positioned greenhouse kind using near infrared spectrum The technology of eggplant vegetables and fruits position.
Background technology
Facilities horticulture quickly grows in China, develop into from 1.03 ten thousand hectares of nineteen eighty-two 2015 410.9 ten thousand hectares, always Area ranks first in the world.At present tomato pruning technique is mainly transplanted from field production technology in China's facility cultivation, i.e., By the experience of the producer, select to need the fruit for removing to carry out vegetables and fruits, this method tool needs the producer to give birth to tamato fruit The very deep understanding of long law of development, and with subjectivity and randomness.But land for growing field crops tomato cultivation exists with greenhouse tomato cultivation Many differences, following 3 aspects are specifically mainly reflected in:
1) facility cultivation medium temperature chamber tomato breeding time remote super large field.In current Production of Large Fields, due to the restriction of breeding time, Breeding time terminates tomato typically after the harvesting of 3-4 fruit branches.And the breeding time of greenhouse tomato can extend to 270 days in North China Left and right,
2) microclimate environment of suitable tomato growth in greenhouse is createed by facility in facility cultivation, makes tomato in optimal Upgrowth situation in.And environment conditioning cannot be carried out in field production, therefore tomato is made often in unfavorable growing environment.
3) at present in facility cultivation mostly using soilless culture, nutrient solution pouring pattern, and fertilising is adopted in field production Base manure and the mode topdressed.In state of the facility cultivation medium temperature chamber tomato in waning without liquid manure, and Jing often locates in field production Wane under state in liquid manure.
Compared with field production, the tomato of facility cultivation is in optimal upgrowth situation, and with longer breeding time, The dynamic rule in source storehouse has very big difference with field production.Therefore the vegetables and fruits method in land for growing field crops is simply transplanted to into facility cultivation In, it is impossible to enough give full play of the growth potential of Tomato in Protected Cultivation.
Therefore hothouse production person frequently encounters following situation when vegetables and fruits are carried out:In Autumn cultivation, each fruit ear Need to stay 3 fruits on request, but there are 4 fruits on fruit ear at present, and in the same size, this when is which fruit of the removal actually For this problem, the present invention establishes a kind of method of greenhouse tomato vegetables and fruits by research.
The quality of fruit growth depends primarily on the amount that assimilation products distributes to fruit, the input of assimilation products amount number take Certainly in Sink strength.At present the computational methods of greenhouse tomato Sink strength are the letter of fruit growth speed under potential growth state Number.This method can be very good the upgrowth situation for explaining greenhouse tomato fruit.But exist following not enough:First, fruit growth Speed needs practical measurement to obtain, it is difficult to look-ahead, with hysteresis quality.Secondly, the S-type life of growth of greenhouse tomato fruit It is long, can be divided into following growth phase, slow growth phase, exponential growth and linear growth rank according to growth rate Section.In different growth phases, there is very big difference in fruit growth speed, cause Sink strength to be difficult to accurate calculating.Therefore compel Being essential will seek a kind of method for being capable of accurate Characterization Sink strength.
Greenhouse tomato assimilation products is mainly transported in fruit by the vascular bundle of bast in the form of sucrose from blade, Assimilation products is more to the assimilation products that single fruit is transported, then the cane sugar content at this fruit carpopodium position is higher, then fruit It is real better with regard to what is grown.Therefore the height of cane sugar content becomes an effectively evaluating of following fruit growth quality in carpopodium Standard.
Increasing research at present thinks that near infrared spectrum can be with the sucrose in Accurate Determining plant, with lossless, real When advantage, therefore the present invention initially sets up the detection model using near infrared ray carpopodium cane sugar content, by detection The cane sugar content that model inspection carpopodium goes out, with the upgrowth situation of the following fruit of height prediction of cane sugar content.By comparing acquisition Carpopodium at cane sugar content, remove carpopodium in cane sugar content low fruit, provide guidance for greenhouse tomato vegetables and fruits.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of new fruit thinning method, to improve the validity of vegetables and fruits.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention is according to sucrose concentration and near infrared spectrum reflected intensity under specific wavelength Closely related the characteristics of, a kind of tomato fruit thinning method based near infrared spectrum is devised, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of new fruit thinning method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, using near infrared spectrometer the sucrose solution of variable concentrations is scanned, and extracts characteristic wavelength, sets up characteristic wave The math equation of long lower sucrose concentration and near infrared spectrum reflected intensity, fruit is determined so as to obtain using near infrared spectrometer The detection method of cane sugar content in carpopodium;
Step 2, the carpopodium of fruit of tentatively bearing fruit on plant is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, obtains near infrared spectrum number According to according to sucrose concentration in the math equation acquisition carpopodium described in step one;
Step 3, sucrose concentration in the carpopodium is compared with sucrose concentration in the carpopodium of adjacent fruit, chooses The minimum fruit of sucrose concentration is removed and carries out vegetables and fruits in carpopodium.
Math equation in the step one to set up process as follows:
Process 2.1, using near infrared spectrometer the sucrose solution that concentration is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% is scanned respectively, Obtain spectrum picture;
Process 2.2, using ENVI software processing spectrum pictures, extracts text data, using SPSS softwares to different characteristic The relation of sucrose concentration and corresponding activity carries out correlation analysis under wavelength;The characteristic wavelength be 927.61 nanometers, 1129.52 nanometer, 1316.69 nanometers;
Process 2.3, using the relation between the reflected intensity and concentration under the characteristic wavelength sucrose concentration mathematics is drawn Equation:
Y=-72.9377-0.004*X1+0.031*X2-0.0051*X3
Y is sucrose concentration X1, X2, X3Respectively wavelength 927.61, the reflected intensity under 1129.52,1316.69.
The detection method of cane sugar content is comprised the following steps in carpopodium in the step one:
Step 3.1, the carpopodium of fruit of tentatively bearing fruit on plant is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, obtains carpopodium near infrared light Spectrogram picture;
Step 3.2, is analyzed to the carpopodium near infrared spectrum image, obtains the reflected intensity of each characteristic wavelength, generation Enter the math equation, calculate sucrose concentration in fruit carpopodium;
Step 3.3, to tentatively bearing fruit, the sucrose concentration in fruit carpopodium is compared, minimum with sucrose concentration in carpopodium Fruit is vegetables and fruits object
The present invention has beneficial effect.
The near infrared spectroscopy that the present invention is adopted is more succinct, efficient, and has perspective.Traditional fruit thinning method is needed according to people Subjective judgement, will development it is normal, carpopodium is slightly long, and uniform in size consistent, the bud green fruit of color and luster is stayed, and dredges and goes fertilization bad, Outwardly, really push up in the middle of fruit ear to the especially short or elongated fruit of borough chief, carpopodium, and modest fruit, lopsided fruit and Disease pest fruit;And after the near infrared spectroscopy that the present invention is adopted only needs to be scanned carpopodium using near infrared spectrometer Compared according to equation and judged.Compare with traditional fruit thinning method, the near infrared spectroscopy that the present invention is adopted is more succinct efficient, It is easy to operation.Near infrared spectroscopy has fully taken into account the developmental potentiality of fruit, it is to avoid will develop the more preferable fruit of later but quality It is real to reject.
Specific embodiment
Below by taking the fruit thinning of greenhouse tomato as an example, technical scheme is described in further detail.One kind is based on The fruit thinning method of near infrared spectrum, it includes three below step:
The first step, obtains the detection method for determining cane sugar content.
The sucrose solution of variable concentrations is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, characteristic wavelength is extracted, sugarcane under characteristic wavelength is set up The math equation of sugared concentration and near infrared spectrum reflected intensity, obtains and determines sugarcane in greenhouse tomato carpopodium using near infrared spectrometer The detection method of sugared content;
Second step, obtains the sucrose concentration in tomato carpopodium.
The carpopodium of fruit of tentatively bearing fruit on greenhouse tomato plant is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, near-infrared in carpopodium is obtained The reflected intensity of spectrum, according to the math equation set up above the sucrose concentration in tomato carpopodium is obtained.
3rd step, compares and judges.
Tentatively bear fruit on the greenhouse tomato plant of the acquisition of foundation the sucrose concentration of carpopodium, and with adjacent fruit carpopodium Sucrose concentration is compared, and choosing the minimum fruit of sucrose concentration in carpopodium carries out vegetables and fruits.
The acquisition of parameter in the present invention:
1. the near infrared spectrum test of sucrose concentration is designed, characteristic wavelength is extracted, and it is dense with different sucrose under specific wavelength The reflected intensity of degree is independent variable, and sucrose concentration sets up the number for determining cane sugar content in greenhouse tomato carpopodium as dependent variable Equation is learned, according to the equation vegetables and fruits are carried out.
2. concrete grammar
2.1 set up math equation
1) sucrose solution that concentration is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% is scanned respectively using near infrared spectrometer, obtain light Spectrogram picture.
2) using ENVI software processing spectrum pictures, text data is extracted, using SPSS softwares to sucrose under different wave length The relation of concentration and corresponding activity carries out correlation analysis, and it is 927.61,1129.52,1316.69 to select characteristic wavelength.
3) polynomial function is calculated using the data under three characteristic wavelengths:
Y=-72.9377-0.004*X1+0.031*X2-0.0051*X3
Wherein, Y is sucrose concentration X1, X2, X3Respectively wavelength 927.61, the activity under 1129.52,1316.69.
2.2 determine the sucrose concentration in tomato carpopodium
The carpopodium of fruit of tentatively bearing fruit on greenhouse tomato plant is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, atlas of near infrared spectra is obtained Picture, chooses the region of formed objects on carpopodium spectrum picture, takes the mean value of reflected intensity under each characteristic wavelength on the region, Bring the sucrose concentration that the math equation set up above is obtained in tomato carpopodium into.
The selection of 2.3 fruit thinnings
According to the sucrose concentration of carpopodium of tentatively bearing fruit on the greenhouse tomato plant for obtaining, and with sugarcane in adjacent fruit carpopodium Sugared concentration is compared, and choosing the minimum fruit of sucrose concentration in carpopodium carries out vegetables and fruits.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of new fruit thinning method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, using near infrared spectrometer the sucrose solution of variable concentrations is scanned, and characteristic wavelength is extracted, under setting up characteristic wavelength The math equation of sucrose concentration and near infrared spectrum reflected intensity, so as to obtain the carpopodium that fruit is determined using near infrared spectrometer The detection method of interior cane sugar content;
Step 2, the carpopodium of fruit of tentatively bearing fruit on plant is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, obtains near infrared spectrum data, according to Sucrose concentration in the carpopodium is obtained according to the math equation described in step one;
Step 3, sucrose concentration in the carpopodium is compared with sucrose concentration in the carpopodium of adjacent fruit, chooses carpopodium The minimum fruit of interior sucrose concentration is removed and carries out vegetables and fruits.
2. a kind of new fruit thinning method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the math equation in the step one Set up process as follows:
Process 2.1, using near infrared spectrometer the sucrose solution that concentration is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% is scanned respectively, is obtained Spectrum picture;
Process 2.2, using ENVI software processing spectrum pictures, extracts text data, using SPSS softwares to different characteristic wavelength The relation of lower sucrose concentration and corresponding activity carries out correlation analysis;The characteristic wavelength be 927.61 nanometers, 1129.52 Nanometer, 1316.69 nanometers;
Process 2.3, using the relation between the reflected intensity and concentration under the characteristic wavelength sucrose concentration math equation is drawn: Y=-72.9377-0.004*X1+0.031*X2-0.0051*X3
Y is sucrose concentration X1, and X2, X3 is respectively the reflected intensity under wavelength 927.61,1129.52,1316.69.
3. a kind of new fruit thinning method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sucrose contains in carpopodium in the step one The detection method of amount is comprised the following steps:
Step 3.1, the carpopodium of fruit of tentatively bearing fruit on plant is scanned using near infrared spectrometer, obtains carpopodium atlas of near infrared spectra Picture;
Step 3.2, is analyzed to the carpopodium near infrared spectrum image, obtains the reflected intensity of each characteristic wavelength, substitutes into institute Math equation is stated, sucrose concentration in fruit carpopodium is calculated;
Step 3.3, to tentatively bearing fruit, the sucrose concentration in fruit carpopodium is compared, with the fruit that sucrose concentration in carpopodium is minimum For vegetables and fruits object.
4. a kind of new fruit thinning method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fruit is tomato, pimento, eggplant In any one.
CN201610881157.9A 2016-10-09 2016-10-09 A kind of fruit thinning method based near infrared spectrum Expired - Fee Related CN106644998B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108184564A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-22 江苏大学 A kind of method for building greenhouse solanaceous vegetables crop assimilation products distribution model
CN111912815A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-11-10 南开大学 Near infrared spectrum analysis method for evaluating quality of oil crops

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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WO2007044486A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-19 Baylor University Spectroscopic determination of sucrose
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Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001305055A (en) * 2000-04-24 2001-10-31 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd Calibrator for nondestructive transmission photometry device, calibration method using it, and nondestructive transmission photometry device comprising it
CN2779390Y (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-05-10 江苏大学 Diffuse reflection detector for near infrared konfyt acidity analysis
WO2007044486A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-19 Baylor University Spectroscopic determination of sucrose
CN101393122A (en) * 2008-10-31 2009-03-25 中国农业大学 Honey quality rapid detection method

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Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108184564A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-22 江苏大学 A kind of method for building greenhouse solanaceous vegetables crop assimilation products distribution model
WO2019127624A1 (en) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 江苏大学 Method for building assimilate allocation model of greenhouse solanaceous vegetables
CN111912815A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-11-10 南开大学 Near infrared spectrum analysis method for evaluating quality of oil crops
CN111912815B (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-03-14 南开大学 Near infrared spectrum analysis method for evaluating quality of oil crops

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