CN106644613B - Smoke sampling device for near-wall area of water-cooled wall of boiler - Google Patents

Smoke sampling device for near-wall area of water-cooled wall of boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106644613B
CN106644613B CN201710107243.9A CN201710107243A CN106644613B CN 106644613 B CN106644613 B CN 106644613B CN 201710107243 A CN201710107243 A CN 201710107243A CN 106644613 B CN106644613 B CN 106644613B
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China
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flue gas
smoke
wall
water
shell
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CN106644613A (en
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陈国庆
刘建民
黄启龙
李永生
刘铭媛
时伟
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Guoneng Nanjing Electric Power Test Research Co ltd
CHN Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Guodian Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Guodian Nanjing Electric Power Test Research Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2247Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
    • G01N1/2258Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a stack or chimney

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a smoke sampling device in a near-wall area of a boiler water-cooling wall, which is provided with a shell, wherein an inner cavity of the shell is a smoke channel, two sides of the smoke channel are respectively provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, the device is arranged in a heat insulation layer on the back fire side of the boiler water-cooling wall, sampling ports matched with the smoke inlets are arranged on fins of the boiler water-cooling wall, and the smoke inlets are arranged on the sampling ports through the back fire side of the water-cooling wall and are communicated with the boiler through the sampling ports. The beneficial effect that it produced is, effectually solved flue gas sampling probe (rifle) burn, jam and flue gas sampling pipeline jam problem.

Description

Smoke sampling device for near-wall area of water-cooled wall of boiler
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for monitoring and preventing high-temperature corrosion of a water-cooled wall of a coal-fired power plant boiler, in particular to a flue gas sampling device for a near-wall area of the water-cooled wall of a hearth of the coal-fired power plant, and belongs to the technical field of electric power and power engineering.
Background
In recent years, along with the increasingly strict environmental protection requirements, particularly the continuous improvement of NOx emission standards of thermal power plants, NOx control technology transformation is implemented in coal-fired power plants, and the main stream technology adopted is a low-nitrogen combustion technology and an SCR flue gas denitration technology. The strong reduction zone in the boiler formed by the low-nitrogen combustion technical organization of the boiler can reduce the emission of NOx, but aggravates the high-temperature corrosion of the water-cooled wall of the boiler. High temperature corrosion of the water wall of a coal-fired utility boiler is typical of sulfide corrosion. The wall temperature of the water wall and the oxygen content of the flue gas in the near wall area are two key factors influencing high-temperature corrosion. Under the condition of wall temperature setting, increasing the oxygen content of the flue gas in the near-wall area is an effective way for relieving the high-temperature corrosion of the water-cooled wall. The monitoring of the concentrations of O2, CO and corrosive gas H2S in the flue gas in the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall is a precondition for improving the oxygen content in the near-wall area and is also a basis for developing high-temperature corrosion monitoring.
At present, researches at home and abroad have proposed related technical schemes aiming at monitoring smoke components in a near-wall area of a water-cooled wall of a boiler. The patent 200810236550.8 proposes a device and a method for on-line monitoring of high-temperature corrosion of a boiler water wall, wherein the device comprises a flue gas sampling tube, a flue gas analyzer, an industrial personal computer, a thermocouple and a display. The flue gas sampling tube is arranged on the fin tube, CO, O2 and SO2 in the flue gas are extracted and measured by the flue gas analyzer, the wall temperature of the water wall measured by the high-temperature thermocouple is combined, the wall temperature is processed by the industrial personal computer by utilizing an improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, the weight of the current high-temperature corrosion influence factor is obtained, and the sequencing result is displayed on a display screen. The flue gas sampling tube of the device directly stretches into the hearth, the risk of burning loss exists, and no clear measure is given about the influence of water vapor on SO2 measurement.
In order to solve the problem of blockage of the sampling device in the technology, patent 2012100887830.3 proposes a device for monitoring the high-temperature corrosion atmosphere of a water-cooled wall of a boiler. Through arranging the auger inside the flue gas sampling probe, when effectively avoiding large-particle unburned pulverized coal and slag blocks to enter the flue gas sampling probe, fine particles entering the boiler condenser can be returned to the furnace through the stirring effect of the auger, and the reliability of continuous monitoring of high-temperature corrosive atmosphere is remarkably improved. However, the flue gas sampling probe of the device passes through the membrane water-cooled wall, the length of the exposed part is about 5-10 mm, one end of the auger extends out of the sampling probe for about 0-5 mm, and the sampling probe and the auger which enter the hearth have the problem of burning loss because of no cooling. In addition, the auger is a movable part which is easily influenced by dust to be worn and leaked, and the operation reliability is not high.
The real-time monitoring of the smoke components in the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall has important significance and value for preventing and treating the high-temperature corrosion of the water-cooled wall, but the prior art has the following problems in application due to the reasons of high temperature of the smoke in the hearth, complex components, large dust content, small width of the fin of the water-cooled wall, difficult sampling and the like:
(1) Easy burning of smoke sampling probe (gun, device)
Because the furnace temperature is high, the radiation heat transfer is strong, the flue gas sampling flow is little, cooling effect subalternation reasons, the flue gas sampling probe of installing on the water-cooled wall especially stretches into the inside probe of furnace, very easily by burning loss. Once the smoke sampling probe is burnt, the smoke sampling probe can cause sealing to be not tight, leakage occurs, and the measuring result is distorted. In addition, the front end of the burnt probe is melted and deformed, which can cause the blockage of the front sampling pipeline, and the blockage cannot be solved by adopting conventional back blowing measures and the like, so that the system cannot work normally.
(2) Flue gas sampling port and flue gas sampling pipe Lewis block
The prior art generally adopts a sampling mode that a fin is provided with a small hole to extract smoke. Because the water-cooled wall fins are small in size (generally smaller than 20mm in width), the diameter of the obtained holes is smaller, and the holes are extremely easy to be blocked by unburned ash slag in a molten state in a hearth. In addition, since most of the technical filtering devices are installed in the flue gas sampling pipeline at a certain distance from the sampling port, the flue gas sampling pipeline is still particularly easy to be blocked although the system is provided with a back blowing device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a smoke sampling device for a near-wall area of a water-cooled wall of a boiler, which can effectively prevent blockage.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a smoke sampling device for a near-wall area of a boiler water-cooling wall is provided with a shell, an inner cavity of the shell is a smoke channel, two sides of the smoke channel are respectively provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, the device is arranged in a heat insulation layer on the back fire side of the boiler water-cooling wall, a sampling port matched with the smoke inlet is arranged on a fin of the boiler water-cooling wall, and the smoke inlet is arranged on the sampling port through the back fire side of the water-cooling wall and is communicated with a boiler through the sampling port.
The invention is further designed in that:
and a smoke filter disc is also arranged in the smoke channel, the smoke filter disc is arranged between the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet, and the smoke filter disc is a sheet porous filter element.
The flue gas inlet is arranged at the lower part of the shell, the flue gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell at the opposite side of the flue gas inlet, and the bottom surface of the shell adopts an inclined surface structure which is inclined upwards along the flue gas inlet.
The lower part of the flue gas channel and the connecting part of the flue gas inlet adopt a gradually expanding structure. The shell corresponds the inclined plane structure of flue gas passageway lower part and flue gas import connecting portion except the bottom, and the other part adopts the arc structure, and this arc structure forms the gradual expansion structure of flue gas passageway lower part with the bottom inclined plane jointly.
In order to ensure that large particle sediments can roll down from the inclined plane into the furnace chamber, the included angle a between the bottom surface of the shell and the water cooling wall fin is 135-170 degrees.
The flue gas inlet adopts a rectangular opening.
In order to clean the flue gas channel at regular time, a compressed air interface is arranged at the upper part of the flue gas outlet, a gas equalizing structure is correspondingly arranged in the shell corresponding to the compressed air interface, and an air outlet of the gas equalizing structure is opposite to the flue dust filter disc and is used for sweeping the flue dust filter disc when compressed air is connected.
The opposite side of the bottom of the shell and the position of the flue gas inlet is provided with a back-blowing compressed air interface. The back-blowing compressed air interface extends along the slope direction of the bottom surface of the shell and is communicated with the flue gas channel, and is used for accessing compressed air and blowing the slope surface of the bottom of the shell.
For maintenance, the side of the shell is provided with an access hole.
In order to ensure the sampling precision and prevent the device from being damaged at high temperature, the device is integrally arranged in a boiler heat insulation layer, and sampling ports are formed in the fins of the water cooling wall of the boiler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problems of easy burning loss and easy blockage of the smoke sampling probe, and compared with the prior art, the smoke sampling probe has long service life and high operation reliability.
1. The invention effectively solves the problems of easy burning loss and easy blockage of the smoke sampling probe (gun), the smoke sampling port on the water-cooled wall fin is designed to be rectangular instead of round holes, the design scheme can reduce the sampling resistance (the water-cooled wall fin is long-strip-shaped and has extremely small width (generally 7-12 mm), the sampling port is designed to be round, the problems of large sampling resistance and easy blockage can occur), and the smoke extraction quantity is increased; on the other hand, the sampling port can be prevented from being blocked by single coke particles, and the sampling port is prevented from being blocked during sampling.
2. The compressed air interface and the overhaul port are designed, so that the back blowing can be carried out on the smoke inlet periodically through high-pressure air, and ash residues around the smoke inlet can be removed; the smoke inlet can also be checked through the access hole.
3. The sampling port is arranged on the fins of the two adjacent water wall pipes, the design is very ingenious, and the smoke sampling device is arranged on the back fire side of the water wall. Meanwhile, the device is arranged in the heat preservation layer, so that the heat preservation of the sampling gas is facilitated, and the condensation of water vapor in the sampling smoke before entering the condenser is effectively prevented, so that the sampling tube is blocked.
4. The invention effectively solves the problem of blockage of the flue gas sampling pipeline, the flue gas channel in the flue gas sampling device is designed to be in a gradually-expanded form, the flue gas flow velocity in the flue gas sampling channel in the gradually-expanded form is reduced, and large dust particles can naturally subside and deposit at the bottom. The included angle between the lower shell of the flue gas sampling device and the water cooling wall fin is designed to be more than 135 degrees, so that large particles deposited on the bottom shell can slide back into the hearth. Alternatively, the deposited fly ash may be periodically back-blown by high-pressure air.
5. The smoke sampling device is internally provided with a smoke filter disc, fine particles which are not settled in the sampled smoke can be captured by a flaky porous filter element, and the fine particles are regularly back blown to the hearth under the action of high-pressure air at the upper part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a smoke sampling device in a near wall area of a water-cooled wall;
FIG. 2 is a schematic installation view (side view) of a flue gas sampling device in a near-wall region of a water-cooled wall of a boiler;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view (front view) of the installation of the flue gas sampling device in the near wall region of the furnace water wall;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the flue gas sampling device and the water-cooling fin in the near-wall region of the boiler water-cooling wall.
In the figure: 1. a flue gas inlet; 2. a housing; 3. a smoke filter sheet; 4. a compressed air interface; 5. a flue gas outlet; 6. an access opening; 7. a back-blowing compressed air interface; 8. a flue gas channel; 9. a membrane water wall; 9a, a water wall tube; 9b, fins; 10. a sampling port; 11. and a boiler heat insulation layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1, the flue gas sampling device in the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is arranged in a heat insulation layer of a back fire side boiler of a fin of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, and is mainly provided with a shell 2, wherein the shell 2 is provided with a flue gas inlet 1, a flue gas channel 8, a compressed air interface 4 and a flue gas outlet 5, the inner cavity of the shell is the flue gas channel 8, the flue gas inlet 1 and the flue gas outlet 5 are respectively arranged at two ends of the flue gas channel 8, the flue gas inlet 1 is a rectangular opening and is arranged at the lower end part of the shell 2, and the flue gas outlet 5 is arranged at the upper end part of the shell 2 and is positioned at the opposite side of the position of the flue gas inlet 1. The device is arranged in an insulating layer at the outer side of a boiler water-cooling wall, a sampling port 10 matched with a smoke inlet 1 is arranged on a boiler water-cooling wall fin, and the smoke inlet 1 is welded on the sampling port 10 through the back fire side of the water-cooling wall and is communicated with the inside of the boiler through the sampling port 10. In order to reduce sampling resistance, the flue gas inlet adopts a rectangular opening.
The smoke filter 3 is arranged at the upper end in the smoke channel 8 near the smoke outlet 4, the smoke filter 3 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the surrounding connection part is kept sealed. The smoke filter 3 is a sheet porous filter element.
In order to ensure that large particle sediments can roll down from the inclined plane to the furnace chamber, the bottom surface of the shell adopts an inclined plane structure which is inclined upwards along the flue gas inlet, and the included angle a between the bottom surface of the shell and the water cooling wall fin is generally designed to be 135-170 degrees.
In order to ensure smooth sampling, the connection part of the lower part of the flue gas channel and the flue gas inlet adopts a gradually expanding structure. (usually, the flue gas channel 8 is vertically arranged, the flue gas inlet 1 and the flue gas outlet 4 are horizontally arranged and are vertical to the fins, a transition section is arranged between the flue gas channel and the flue gas inlet corresponding to the shell, the rest part of the transition section adopts an arc-shaped structure except for the inclined surface structure of the bottom, and the arc-shaped structure and the inclined surface of the bottom jointly form a gradually-expanding structure of the lower part of the flue gas channel.)
In order to clean the flue gas channel at regular time, a compressed air interface 4 is arranged on the upper portion of the position of the flue gas outlet 1, a gas-equalizing structure is arranged in a shell corresponding to the position of the compressed air interface 4, an air outlet of the gas-equalizing structure is opposite to the smoke dust filter 3 and is used for blowing the smoke dust filter 3 when compressed air is connected, and the gas-equalizing structure can adopt a pore plate structure with a plurality of pores.
The opposite side of the position of the bottom of the shell and the position of the smoke inlet 1 is provided with a back-blowing compressed air interface 7, and the back-blowing compressed air interface 7 extends along the slope direction of the bottom surface of the shell and is communicated with a smoke channel for accessing compressed air to sweep the slope surface of the bottom of the shell.
Meanwhile, an access hole 6 for maintenance is also formed in the side face of the shell, and the access hole 6 is kept sealed when the device is used.
Embodiment two:
in the example, the bottom surface of the shell adopts a planar structure, a transition section is arranged between the corresponding flue gas channel and the flue gas inlet of the shell, the transition section adopts an arc-shaped structure except the planar structure of the bottom of the transition section, and the arc-shaped structure and the bottom plane jointly form a divergent structure of the lower part of the flue gas channel. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment.
Embodiment III: in this example, the bottom surface of the shell adopts a planar structure, and the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are horizontally arranged and are directly arranged on two sides of the flue gas channel, so that a divergent structure at the lower part of the flue gas channel is not formed. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment.
Application example one:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flue gas sampling device for the near-wall area of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is integrally fixed in the heat insulation layer 11 of the boiler, and rectangular sampling ports 10 matched with the flue gas inlet 1 are formed on the fins 9b between two adjacent water-cooled wall pipes of the boiler, as shown in fig. 3. The sampling port 10 is 50-200 mm in height and 50-80% in width of the fin, and the flue gas inlet 1 is connected with the sampling port 10 in a full-welding mode, so that the flue gas inlet 1 and the sampling port 10 are kept sealed, and the flue gas inlet 1, the sampling port 10, the compressed air interface 4, the flue gas outlet 5, the overhaul port 6 and the back-blowing compressed air interface 7 are horizontally arranged and are perpendicular to the fin. At the same time, in order to prevent the high temperature burning loss, the smoke inlet 1 of the device is welded at the sampling port 10 as shown in fig. 4.
In actual use, the flue gas outlet 5 of the flue gas sampling device is connected with a required flue gas sampling pipe through a flue gas sampling joint, the air inlet of the compressed air interface is connected with a compressed air pipe through a compressed air joint, and the overhaul port is kept sealed.
After connection is completed, a sampling process is started, during sampling, flue gas in a near-wall area of a water-cooled wall of a boiler enters a flue gas channel 8 through a flue gas inlet 1 under the action of a sampling pump, the cross section of the flue gas channel 8 is gradually increased due to the gradual expansion design of the flue gas channel 8, the flow rate of the flue gas in the flue gas channel 8 is gradually reduced, large particles in the flue gas naturally settle to the bottom of the flue gas channel 8, and because the bottom surface of a shell 2 is inclined and an included angle between the large particles and a water-cooled wall fin is designed to be 138 degrees, the fact that large particle dust can slide downwards through the slope of the bottom surface and fall into a boiler furnace chamber again can be ensured, and the residual small dust is captured by a sheet-shaped porous filter element in a flue gas sampling device; the flue gas after dust removal enters the flue gas sampling tube through the flue gas outlet 5.
After sampling is completed, high-pressure air is respectively led in through air compression channels arranged at the positions of a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and dust deposited on the slope surface of the flue gas channel and in the smoke dust filter sheet is back-blown and cleaned, so that the dust falls into the furnace chamber. If dust which cannot be cleaned by compressed air exists, the side-sealed access hole can be opened for manual treatment, the cleaning in the flue gas channel can be kept at any time, and the problem of blockage of the flue gas channel can be effectively avoided.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a near wall district flue gas sampling device of boiler water-cooled wall, is equipped with the casing, and the inner chamber of casing is the flue gas passageway, and flue gas passageway both sides set up flue gas import and flue gas export, characterized by respectively: the device is arranged in an insulating layer on the back fire side of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, a sampling port matched with a smoke inlet is formed in a fin of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, and the smoke inlet is arranged on the sampling port through the back fire side of the water-cooled wall and is communicated with the boiler through the sampling port; the flue gas inlet is arranged at the lower part of the shell, the flue gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell at the opposite side of the shell, and the bottom surface of the shell adopts an inclined surface structure which is inclined upwards along the flue gas inlet; the lower part of the flue gas channel is in a gradually-expanding structure with the connecting part of the flue gas inlet; the included angle a between the bottom surface of the shell and the water cooling wall fin is 135-170 degrees; the opposite side of the bottom of the shell to the position of the flue gas inlet is provided with a back-blowing compressed air interface; a smoke filter disc is also arranged in the smoke channel, and the smoke filter disc is arranged between the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet; and an access hole is also formed in the shell.
2. The boiler water wall near wall section flue gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein: the smoke dust filter sheet is a sheet porous filter core.
3. The boiler water wall near wall section flue gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein: the flue gas inlet adopts a rectangular opening.
4. A boiler water wall near wall section flue gas sampling apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the upper part of the smoke outlet is provided with a compressed air interface, a gas equalizing structure is correspondingly arranged in the shell corresponding to the compressed air interface, and an air outlet of the gas equalizing structure is opposite to the smoke filter disc and is used for sweeping the smoke filter disc when compressed air is connected.
CN201710107243.9A 2017-02-27 2017-02-27 Smoke sampling device for near-wall area of water-cooled wall of boiler Active CN106644613B (en)

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CN109443860B (en) * 2018-12-04 2024-07-26 中国华电科工集团有限公司 Boiler sampling device of coal-fired unit of thermal power plant

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