CN106644229B - In-service cable force detection device and method - Google Patents
In-service cable force detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644229B CN106644229B CN201710044953.1A CN201710044953A CN106644229B CN 106644229 B CN106644229 B CN 106644229B CN 201710044953 A CN201710044953 A CN 201710044953A CN 106644229 B CN106644229 B CN 106644229B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge cable detection, and discloses an in-service cable force detection device, which comprises a magnetizing unit, a motion adjusting unit and a sensor detection unit, wherein the magnetizing unit comprises a magnetizer shell and a magnetizer arranged in the magnetizer shell; the motion adjusting unit comprises a linear guide rail, a sliding block and a micro-motion adjusting device; the sensor detection unit comprises a sensor shell and a plurality of magnetic sensors; the adjusting bolt is used for pushing the sensor shell to move along the linear guide rail. When the cable force detection of the in-service cable is carried out, the sensor detection unit can move along the axial direction of the cable, so that each sensing unit measures a group of magnetic induction intensity values under the condition of keeping the distance unchanged, the magnetic induction intensity values at a group of strand peaks can be obtained, the magnetic induction intensity on the surface of the steel wire in the cable can be obtained through calculation, and the precision of the magnetic method for detecting the cable force is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge cable detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting the cable force of an in-service cable.
Background
The cable is used as one of key components of a cable-stayed bridge, a suspension bridge, an arch bridge and the like, and how to accurately acquire the bearing condition of the cable plays an important role in guaranteeing the safe operation of the bridge. The vibration frequency method is widely applied to bridge cable force measurement as a cable force measurement method, however, the vibration frequency method has the defect of low precision in measuring a short suspender due to the influence of boundary conditions. The magnetic measurement method is not affected by boundary conditions, and has significant advantages in short suspension rods, for example, patent application No. 201410384380.3 discloses a ferromagnetic elongated member cable force detection method and device, which is characterized in that hall elements for magnetic field measurement are arranged at equal intervals, the device can accurately measure the magnetic induction intensity of a member with a smooth surface, but because the surface of the cable has rugged twisted strand waves, when the cable is magnetized, a magnetic induction intensity value corresponding to the strand wave change is formed on the surface, and the change can be seen from fig. 1. If the device is adopted for measurement, the influence of a leakage magnetic field between the steel wires is easily caused, and the magnetic induction intensity on the surfaces of the steel wires in the cable cannot be accurately calculated, so that the measurement result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides the in-service cable force detection device and the in-service cable force detection method, which can quickly and effectively measure the magnetic induction intensity value at the cable strand peak, and further can calculate the surface magnetic induction intensity value of the cable, so that the measurement precision of a magnetic measurement method is improved.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an in-service cable force detection apparatus, characterized by comprising a magnetizing unit, a motion adjusting unit, and a sensor detecting unit, wherein,
the magnetizing unit comprises a magnetizer shell and a magnetizer arranged in the magnetizer shell and used for magnetizing the cable;
the motion adjusting unit comprises a linear guide rail, a sliding block and a micro-motion adjusting device, the linear guide rail is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the magnetizer shell, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail, and the micro-motion adjusting device comprises an adjusting bolt which is in threaded connection with the magnetizer shell;
the sensor detection unit comprises a sensor shell and a plurality of magnetic sensors, the sensor shell is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and each magnetic sensor respectively extends into the sensor shell so as to be in contact with the cable and obtain the magnetic induction intensity on the cable;
the adjusting bolt is used for pushing the sensor shell to move along the linear guide rail.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent magnetic sensors is integral multiple of the gap between the cable strands.
Preferably, a compression spring is respectively arranged between the sensor housing and each magnetic sensor for pressing the magnetic sensors on a cable.
Preferably, linear guide keeps away from the one end fixed mounting of magnetizer casing has the tailstock, the sensor shell is located the tailstock with between the magnetizer casing, the sensor shell with be provided with the puller spring between the tailstock to be used for promoting at adjusting bolt the puller sensor shell when moving, and make sensor shell and adjusting bolt in close contact with.
Preferably, two opposite side walls of the sensor shell are respectively provided with a limiting pin, the limiting pins extend into the sensor shell, the magnetic sensor is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of the limiting pins, and the limiting pins extend into the grooves of the magnetic sensor so as to be used for bearing the magnetic sensor and ensuring that the magnetic sensor can move up and down to adjust the position, and prevent the magnetic sensor from falling off from the sensor shell.
Preferably, the magnetic sensors are arranged in a line at equal intervals.
Preferably, the magnetizing units are symmetrically arranged in two, and the two magnetizing units are connected together through a hinge and a buckle for clamping and magnetizing the cable.
Preferably, the sensor detecting units are symmetrically arranged in two, and the two sensor detecting units are connected together through a hinge and a buckle for clamping and detecting the cable.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a method for detecting the cable force of the in-service cable by using the detection device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) applying cable force on a cable to be detected by adopting a force applying mechanism, numbering the magnetic sensors according to the sequence from head to tail, and acquiring a group of initial magnetic induction intensity values B of the n magnetic sensors at the current positions 0 ＝[b 1，0 ，b 2，0 ……b j，0 ……b n，0 ]Wherein b is j，0 The magnetic induction intensity value measured by the jth magnetic sensor at the current position is j more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is an integer more than 1;
2) setting the adjusting step length as p, setting the moving distance of the sensor detection unit as L, setting the number m of points measured by each magnetic sensor as L/p, and setting the counter i as 1;
3) the method comprises the following steps:
3.1) screwing the adjusting bolt to enable the adjusting bolt to push the sensor detection unit to move for a distance p, and obtaining a group of magnetic induction intensity values B of the n magnetic sensors at the current positions i ＝[b 1，i ，b 2，i ，b 3，i ……b j，i ……b n，i ]Wherein b is j，i Measuring the magnetic induction intensity value of the jth magnetic sensor at the current position;
3.2) judging whether i is larger than or equal to m, if so, entering the step 4), otherwise, setting i to i +1, and returning to the step 3.1);
4) and sequencing a group of magnetic induction intensity values measured by each magnetic sensor, and taking the maximum value as the optimal magnetic induction intensity value measured by the magnetic sensor, thereby obtaining the optimal magnetic induction intensity value of each magnetic sensor, obtaining the magnetic induction intensity value of the surface of the cable, and further obtaining the cable force value of the cable.
Preferably, the adjusting bolt pushes the sensor detecting unit to move by a distance mu < L < 2 mu in the step 2), wherein mu is the cable strand gap.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
when the in-service cable force detection is carried out, the sensor detection unit can move along the axial direction of the cable, so that each sensing unit can measure a group of magnetic induction intensity values under the condition of keeping the distance unchanged, the magnetic induction intensity values at a group of strand peaks can be obtained, the magnetic induction intensity on the surface of the steel wire in the cable can be obtained through calculation, and the accuracy of the magnetic method for detecting the cable force is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simulation distribution diagram of radial leakage magnetic field on the surface of a cable;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cord surface strand peaks and strand gaps;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an adjusting bolt installed between a magnetizing unit and a sensor detecting unit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a longitudinal sectional structure of a magnetizing unit in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a sensor detecting unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of the magnetization unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an in-service cable force detection apparatus includes a magnetizing unit, a motion adjusting unit, and a sensor detecting unit, wherein,
the magnetizing unit includes a magnetizer case and a magnetizer disposed inside the magnetizer case for magnetizing the cable 17;
the motion adjusting unit comprises a linear guide rail 3, a sliding block 4 and a micro-motion adjusting device, the linear guide rail 3 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the magnetizer shell, the sliding block 4 is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail 3, and the micro-motion adjusting device comprises an adjusting bolt 10 which is in threaded connection with the magnetizer shell;
the sensor detection unit comprises a sensor shell 7 and a plurality of magnetic sensors 6, wherein the sensor shell 7 is fixedly arranged on the sliding block 4, and each magnetic sensor 6 respectively extends into the sensor shell 7 so as to be in contact with a cable 17 and obtain the magnetic induction intensity on the cable 17; (ii) a
The adjusting bolt 10 is used for pushing the sensor housing 7 to move along the linear guide rail 3.
Further, the distance between two adjacent magnetic sensors 6 is an integral multiple of the strand gap of the cable 17.
Further, a compression spring 23 is provided between the sensor housing and each of the magnetic sensors 6, respectively, for pressing the magnetic sensors 6 against the cable 17.
Further, linear guide 3 keeps away from the one end fixed mounting of magnetizer casing has tailstock 9, sensor housing 7 is located tailstock 9 with between the magnetizer casing, sensor housing 7 with be provided with between the tailstock 9 and push up tight spring 8 to be used for promoting when adjusting bolt 10 sensor housing 7 removes push up tight sensor housing 7 and make sensor housing 7 and adjusting bolt 10 in close contact with.
Further, two opposite side walls of the sensor housing 7 are respectively provided with a limit pin 16, the limit pin 16 extends into the sensor housing 7, a groove is formed in a position of the magnetic sensor corresponding to the limit pin 16, the limit pin 16 extends into the groove of the magnetic sensor to be used for bearing the magnetic sensor 6 and ensuring that the magnetic sensor 6 can move up and down to adjust the position, and the magnetic sensor 6 is prevented from falling off from the sensor housing 7.
Further, the magnetic sensors 6 are arranged in a line at equal intervals.
Further, the magnetizing units are symmetrically provided in two, and the two magnetizing units are connected together by a hinge and a buckle 24 for clamping the cable 17 and magnetizing the cable 17.
Further, the sensor detecting units are symmetrically provided in two, and the two sensor detecting units are connected together by a hinge and a buckle 24 for clamping the cable 17 and detecting the cable 17.
The magnetizing unit comprises a magnetizer, a magnet box 14, a magnetizer shell 1 and a U-shaped handle 11, wherein the magnetizer is preferably composed of two magnets 13 and an armature 12, and forms a closed magnetic circuit with a cable 17 to be beneficial to magnetizing the cable 17 to saturation. The armature 12 is fixedly connected with the magnet box 14 through a first screw 20, and the magnet 13 is packaged in the magnet box 14; the U-shaped handle 11 is mounted on the magnetizer case 1 by a second screw 21, and the second screw 21 is screwed into the armature 12 so that the armature 12 and the magnetizer case 1 are fixedly connected. The magnetizer shell 1 and the magnet box 14 jointly form a magnetizer shell, and the magnetizer shell and the magnet box are mutually matched to form a closed space, so that the attractiveness of the device can be improved, and the damage of the magnetizer and the corrosion of the external environment to the magnetizer can be effectively prevented.
The sensor detection unit is provided with a sensor shell 7 and a magnetic sensor 6, wherein the sensor shell 7 is in floating connection with a probe through a positioning screw 22, namely a square groove is formed in the magnetic sensor 6, a threaded hole is formed in the sensor shell 7, so that the magnetic sensor 6 can float up and down in a certain range under the positioning action of the positioning screw 22, and the upper end of the magnetic sensor 6 is tightly attached to the surface of a cable 7 under the pressure action of the sensor shell 7 by placing compression springs 23 in four grooves, so that the magnetic sensor 6 is always kept in contact with the surface of the cable 7 in the measurement process;
the motion adjusting unit comprises a linear guide rail 3 fixedly connected with the magnetizing unit and a micro-motion device between the magnetizing unit and the sensor detecting unit, the micro-motion device adopts an adjusting bolt 10, the adjusting bolt 10 is screwed in and penetrates through a first baffle plate 19 fixed on the magnetizer shell 1, the tail part of the adjusting bolt is contacted with a second baffle plate 18 fixed on the sensor shell 7, the second baffle plate 18 is arranged on the sensor shell 7 through a third screw 25, and the second baffle plate 18 on the sensor shell 7 can be pushed by adjusting the adjusting bolt 10; the sensor housing 7 is connected to the slide 4 via the connecting plate 5, so that the sensor detection unit is moved along the linear guide 3 via the slide 4 when the second stop 18 is subjected to a force.
The tail frame 9 is connected with the magnetizer into a whole, so that the sensor unit can move along the linear guide rail 3, and the U-shaped handle 11 and the T-shaped handle 15 are designed on the magnetizer and the tail frame 9 respectively to facilitate installation and unloading considering that the axial length of the detection device is longer and the lifting in a certain space is required in the installation and unloading processes. Wherein the T-shaped handle 15 is fixedly connected with the upper end part of the shell of the tail frame 9 part through a screw.
The specific installation and detection steps are as follows:
1) installing a magnetizing unit, installing a magnet 13 and an armature 12 into a magnet box 14, connecting the magnet box 14 and the armature 12 through a first screw 20, and fixedly connecting a U-shaped handle 11 and the magnetizer shell 1 through a second screw 21 and screwing the U-shaped handle and the magnetizer shell into the armature 12; similarly, the symmetrical lower half magnetizing units can be installed;
2) and a sensor detection unit is arranged, a magnetic sensor is arranged on the probe, and the magnetic sensor is a giant magnetoresistance sensor. Installing the magnetic sensor 6 with the compression spring 23 in the groove at the upper end into the sensor shell 7, positioning the magnetic sensor 6 through the positioning screws 22 at two sides, installing the required number of probes in the sensor shell 7 according to the method, and installing the lower half part of the sensor in the same way;
3) in the embodiment, the cable 17 is made of a 2-meter steel strand, and preferably, the magnetizing unit and the sensor detecting unit are respectively made of an up-and-down symmetric magnetizing mode and a differential array probe, the magnetizer and the sensor are arranged up-and-down symmetrically along the cable 17, and the magnetizing unit and the sensor detecting unit are connected by a hinge and a buckle 24.
4) The motion adjusting unit is installed, the linear guide rail 3 is fixedly connected with the magnetizer shell 1 and the tail frame 9 through the installation bolt 2, the sensor shell 7 is connected with the sliding block 4 through the connecting plate 5, and the sensor shell 7 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 5 and the sliding block 4 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 5 through bolts. The first baffle plate 19 and the second baffle plate 18 are fixedly connected with the magnetizer shell 1 and the sensor shell 7 through bolts respectively, and as the middle of the first baffle plate is provided with a threaded hole, the adjusting screw is screwed into the first baffle plate, the tail part of the adjusting screw is contacted with the second baffle plate 18, and in order to ensure the positioning accuracy of the adjusting screw, the tail frame 9 and the sensor shell 7 are designed and installed
The spring 8 is pressed tightly to ensure that the tail part of the adjusting screw is always in close contact with the second baffle plate 18.
5) After the steps are determined to be completed, applying a cable force to the cable to be detected by adopting a force applying mechanism, numbering the magnetic sensors according to the sequence from head to tail, obtaining a group of magnetic induction intensity values of the n magnetic sensors at the current positions, and recording the group of magnetic induction intensity values as an initial magnetic induction intensity value B 0 ＝[b 1，0 ，b 2，0 ，b 3，0 ……b j，0 ……b n，0 ]For example, n is 12, and j is 1, 2
6) According to the cable leakage magnetic field distribution diagram shown in fig. 1, a step length is taken as 1mm, the maximum deviation of the step length from the magnetic induction intensity value at the strand peak is smaller than 1Gs and can be ignored, in addition, as the cable strand gap μ is 35.6mm, the moving distance of the sensor detection unit can be set as L is 40mm, the number m of the measurement points of each magnetic sensor is L/p is 40, and a counter i is set as 1;
7) the method comprises the following steps:
7.1) screwing the adjusting bolt to enable the adjusting bolt to push the sensor detection unit to move for a distance p, and obtaining a group of magnetic induction intensity values B of the n magnetic sensors at the current positions i ＝[b 1，i ，b 2，i ，b 3，i ……b j，i ……b n，i ]Wherein b is j，i Measuring the magnetic induction intensity value of the jth magnetic sensor at the current position;
7.2) judging whether i is larger than or equal to m, if so, entering a step 8), if not, setting i to i +1, and returning to the step 7.1);
8) the magnetic induction intensity values measured by each magnetic sensor are ranked, and the maximum value is taken as the optimal value of the magnetic induction intensity measured by the magnetic sensor, so that the optimal near-surface magnetic induction intensity values of the n magnetic sensors are obtained, the magnetic induction intensity value of the surface of the cable 17 can be calculated, and the cable force value of the cable 17 can be obtained according to the method disclosed in patent 201410384380.3.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The in-service cable force detection device is characterized by comprising a magnetizing unit, a motion adjusting unit and a sensor detection unit, wherein,
the magnetizing unit comprises a magnetizer shell and a magnetizer arranged in the magnetizer shell, and is used for magnetizing the cable;
the motion adjusting unit comprises a linear guide rail, a sliding block and a micro-motion adjusting device, the linear guide rail is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the magnetizer shell, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail, and the micro-motion adjusting device comprises an adjusting bolt which is in threaded connection with the magnetizer shell;
the sensor detection unit comprises a sensor shell and a plurality of magnetic sensors, the sensor shell is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and each magnetic sensor respectively extends into the sensor shell and is used for contacting with the cable and obtaining the magnetic induction intensity on the cable;
the adjusting bolt is used for pushing the sensor shell to move along the linear guide rail;
the distance between two adjacent magnetic sensors is integral multiple of the gap between the cable strands.
2. The in-service cable force detection device of claim 1, wherein a compression spring is arranged between the sensor housing and each magnetic sensor for pressing the magnetic sensors on the cable.
3. The in-service cable force detection device according to claim 1, wherein a tailstock is fixedly installed at one end of the linear guide rail, which is far away from the magnetizer shell, the sensor housing is located between the tailstock and the magnetizer shell, and a tightening spring is arranged between the sensor housing and the tailstock and used for tightening the sensor housing when the adjusting bolt pushes the sensor housing to move, so that the sensor housing is in close contact with the adjusting bolt.
4. The in-service cable force detection device according to claim 1, wherein two opposite side walls of the sensor housing are respectively provided with a limiting pin, the limiting pin extends into the sensor housing, the magnetic sensor is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the limiting pin, and the limiting pin extends into the groove of the magnetic sensor to receive the magnetic sensor and ensure that the magnetic sensor can move up and down to adjust the position, and the magnetic sensor is prevented from falling off the sensor housing.
5. The in-service cable force detection device of claim 1, wherein the magnetic sensors are arranged in a line at equal intervals.
6. The in-service cable force detection device of claim 1, wherein two magnetizing units are symmetrically arranged, and the two magnetizing units are connected together through a hinge and a buckle for clamping and magnetizing the cable.
7. The in-service cable force detection device of claim 1, wherein two sensor detection units are symmetrically arranged, and the two sensor detection units are connected together through a hinge and a buckle for clamping and detecting the cable.
8. An in-service cable force detection method by using the detection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) applying cable force on a cable to be detected by adopting a force applying mechanism, numbering the magnetic sensors according to the sequence from head to tail, and acquiring a group of initial magnetic induction intensity values B of the n magnetic sensors at the current positions 0 ＝[b 1,0 ,b 2,0 ……b j,0 ……b n,0 ]Wherein b is j，0 The magnetic induction intensity value measured by the jth magnetic sensor at the current position is j more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is an integer more than 1;
2) setting the adjusting step length as p, setting the moving distance of the sensor detection unit as L, setting the number m of points measured by each magnetic sensor as L/p, and setting the counter i as 1;
3) the method comprises the following steps:
3.1) screwing the adjusting bolt to enable the adjusting bolt to push the sensor detection unit to move for a distance p, and obtaining a group of magnetic induction intensity values B of the n magnetic sensors at the current positions i ＝[b 1,i ,b 2,i ,b 3,i ……b j,i ……b n,i ]Wherein b is j，i Measuring the magnetic induction intensity value of the jth magnetic sensor at the current position;
3.2) judging whether i is larger than or equal to m, if so, entering a step 4), otherwise, setting i to i +1, and returning to the step 3.1);
4) and sequencing a group of magnetic induction intensity values measured by each magnetic sensor, and taking the maximum value of the group of magnetic induction intensity values as the optimal magnetic induction intensity value measured by the magnetic sensor, thereby obtaining the optimal magnetic induction intensity value of each magnetic sensor, obtaining the magnetic induction intensity value of the surface of the cable, and further obtaining the cable force value of the cable.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the adjusting bolt pushes the sensor detecting unit to move by a distance μ < L < 2 μ in step 2), where μ is the cable strand gap.
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| CN107036754B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2022-12-02 | 华中科技大学 | Six-dimensional force sensor capable of sensing contact force and traction force |
| CN109100071B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2023-12-19 | 华中科技大学 | Parallel steel wire inhaul cable force detection device |
| CN109990925A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-09 | 四川睿铁科技有限责任公司 | A kind of integral structure of bridge cable magnetic stress sensor |
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