CN106643525A - Weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device for arc additive manufacturing and real-time detection method - Google Patents
Weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device for arc additive manufacturing and real-time detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106643525A CN106643525A CN201710064416.3A CN201710064416A CN106643525A CN 106643525 A CN106643525 A CN 106643525A CN 201710064416 A CN201710064416 A CN 201710064416A CN 106643525 A CN106643525 A CN 106643525A
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- time detection
- real
- light
- molten bath
- electric arc
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0608—Height gauges
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device for arc additive manufacturing and a real-time detection method belong to the field of intelligent additive manufacture and are intended to solve the problem that the prior art is unable to provide zero-lag detection for weld bead width and height. The weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device comprises a zonal dimming element, a linear-structure optical generator, an optical filter plate, a CCD (charge coupled device) camera and a head; the head is mounted at the front end of an imaging target face of the CCD camera, the optical filter plate is mounted at the inner front end of the head, a laser stripe emitted by the linear-structure optical generator is cast to the rear of a molten bath, the laser stripe and the molten bath are spaced, a welding torch is vertically disposed right above the molten bath, electric arc generated by the welding torch is positioned at the upper end of the molten bath, and the zonal dimming element is mounted between the imaging target face of the CCD camera and the head. The weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device and the real-time detection method are used for arc additive manufacture and are also suitable for arc welding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent material increasing field.
Background technology
In electric arc increasing material manufacturing, how the width without delayed ground real-time detection deposition road and elevation information are that a key is asked
Topic.
Deposition road size belongs to geological information, is adapted to carry out non-contact detecting using vision sensor.Existing vision inspection
Survey method includes that the active vision-based detection of line-structured light and CCD passive visions detect two kinds, and they all have some limitations.
Line structure optical sensor is a kind of conventional active vision sensor, can simultaneously detect the width and height in deposition road
Information.But, in order to prevent electric arc arc light from producing interference to line-structured light visual sensing, need to add between sensor and welding gun
Baffle plate, blocks arc light, also, sensing location has a certain distance (about 35mm) from welding gun, causes the delayed of detection information to be asked
Topic, as shown in Figure 1.In addition, as deposition channel temp is raised, object emission ability gradually strengthens, when interference light light intensity and structure
When optical signal light intensity levels are suitable, then disturb light to be responded by sensor, have a strong impact on detection process, therefore, line-structured light is passed
Sensor is not suitable for the detection of deposition road high-temperature area, can only detect the form metal that molten bath rear has solidified.
CCD passive visions method for sensing can be observed directly molten bath high temperature deposited metal and its near zone capture, Jing
Cross appropriate image procossing, you can obtain in real time without delayed deposition road dimension information, however, obtained by this sensing mode
Image cannot registered depth information, resulting deposition road size Limited information.
Therefore, in the urgent need to a kind of combination line-structured light active vision of proposition and the new electric arc of CCD passive vision advantages
Increasing material manufacturing deposition road size detecting method, realizes deposition road width and height without delayed detection.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, such as that prior art cannot realize deposition road width and height without delayed detection,
There is provided a kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size that is used for without delayed real-time detection apparatus and real-time detection method.
It is of the present invention for electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size without delayed real-time detection apparatus, the device include subregion
Dimming element, line-structured light generator, optical filter, ccd video camera and camera lens；Camera lens is arranged on the imaging target surface of ccd video camera
Front end, the front end inside camera lens is provided with optical filter, and the laser stripe of line-structured light generator transmitting is projected to molten bath rear,
And there is distance between laser stripe and molten bath, welding gun is vertically set on the surface in molten bath, and the electric arc that welding gun is produced is located at molten
The upper end in pond；Subregion dimming element is installed between the imaging target surface and camera lens of ccd video camera.
It is of the present invention for electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition real-time detection method of the road size without delayed real-time detection apparatus,
The real-time detection method can realize a width CCD visual patterns while seeing high temperature deposited metal and laser stripe clearly, realize electric arc
Increasing material manufacturing deposition road size without delayed real-time detection, concrete grammar is：The light-inletting quantity in subregion dimming element control molten bath is low
In the light-inletting quantity of laser stripe, make deposited metal spectral radiance after subregion dim light identical with laser stripe light intensity levels.
Advantages of the present invention：The method that the present invention proposes CCD vision sensor subregion dim lights, realizes a width CCD and regards
Image is felt while seeing high temperature deposited metal and line-structured light striped clearly, the visual sensing system that active and passive vision combines,
Realize electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size without delayed visual sensing, solve existing electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road width
The lag issues of the vision sensor that degree and height are detected simultaneously.The detection means include subregion light damping plate, ccd video camera, one
Individual line-structured light transmitter and camera lens and optical filter etc..The method of subregion dim light, the zones of different for making light damping plate has difference
Light penetration, so as to control the light-inletting quantity of the light-inletting quantity of molten bath zone less than structural light stripes region, make subregion dim light it
Afterwards deposited metal spectral radiance is suitable with line-structured light light intensity levels, within the scope of CCD tolerances, you can the two is same
When see clearly.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is prior art line structure optical sensor installation site and image-forming principle schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is of the present invention for electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition structural representation of the road size without delayed real-time detection apparatus
Figure；
Fig. 3 is index paths of subregion light damping plate B when outside one times of focal length of lens；
Fig. 4 is using the single cladding procedure chart obtained without delayed real-time detection apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is using the multi-track overlapping deposition procedure chart obtained without delayed real-time detection apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：With reference to Fig. 2 explanation present embodiments, material system is increased for electric arc described in present embodiment
Deposition road size is made without delayed real-time detection apparatus, the device includes subregion dimming element 100, line-structured light generator 101, filter
Mating plate 102, ccd video camera 108 and camera lens 109；
Camera lens 109 is arranged on the front end of the imaging target surface 107 of ccd video camera 108, and the front end inside camera lens 109 is provided with
Optical filter 102, the laser stripe 103 of the transmitting of line-structured light generator 101 is projected to the rear of molten bath 104, and laser stripe 103 with
There is distance between molten bath 104, welding gun 106 is vertically set on the surface in molten bath 104, and the electric arc 105 that welding gun 106 is produced is located at
The upper end in molten bath 104；
Subregion dimming element 100 is installed between the imaging target surface 107 and camera lens 109 of ccd video camera 108.
In present embodiment, subregion dimming element 100 can control the light-inletting quantity in molten bath 104 less than laser stripe 103
Light-inletting quantity, makes deposited metal spectral radiance after subregion dim light suitable with the light intensity levels of laser stripe 103, in ccd video camera
Within the scope of 108 tolerances, the two is seen clearly simultaneously.
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 2, present embodiment is made into one to embodiment one
Step explanation, subregion dimming element 100 is using different size, the light damping plate composition of different light penetrations.
In present embodiment, the zones of different of subregion dimming element 100 has different light penetrations, therefore, welding gun
106 electric arcs 105 for producing, molten bath 104 and line-structured light generator 101 project laser stripe 103 on deposition road can be
Clearly it is imaged in the imaging target surface 107 of ccd video camera 108.
Specific embodiment three：With reference to Fig. 2 explanation present embodiments, material system is increased for electric arc described in present embodiment
Real-time detection method of the deposition road size without delayed real-time detection apparatus is made, the real-time detection method can realize that a width CCD is regarded
Feel that image sees high temperature deposited metal and laser stripe 103 clearly simultaneously, realize electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size without delayed reality
When detect, concrete grammar is：The light-inletting quantity in the control of subregion dimming element 100 molten bath 104 is less than the light-inletting quantity of laser stripe 103,
Make deposited metal spectral radiance after subregion dim light identical with the light intensity levels of laser stripe 103.
In the present invention, in electric arc increasing material manufacturing, four kinds of light sources are followed successively by according to mean flow rate sort descending：Electric arc arc
Light, deposited metal spectral radiance, line-structured light, environment light source.In order on the premise of ensureing to obtain enough forming dimension information
Realize without delayed visual sensing, need CCD while seeing high temperature deposited metal and line-structured light striped clearly, and filter electric arc arc
Light.After filtering electric arc arc light, deposited metal spectral radiance is still apparently higher than line-structured light light intensity, and CCD tolerances
It is limited, it is embodied in：When high temperature deposited metal is clear-cut, line-structured light striped cannot be imaged because of light intensity deficiency, right
Answer region as dark as a stack of black cats.Adjust light damping plate transmitance and aperture parameters on this basis to increase light-inletting quantity, then deposited metal
Region is presented overexposure, its obscurity boundary, it is impossible to accurately embody forming dimension.So, conventional dim light method cannot meet
See the demand of high temperature deposited metal and line-structured light striped clearly simultaneously.The method that present invention employs subregion dim light, makes dim light
The zones of different of piece has different light penetrations, so as to control the light-inletting quantity of molten bath zone less than structural light stripes region
Light-inletting quantity, makes deposited metal spectral radiance after subregion dim light suitable with line-structured light light intensity levels, in CCD tolerance models
Within enclosing, you can simultaneously see the two clearly.
It is suitable for the weld size of electric arc welding is without delayed real-time detection.
As shown in figure 3, when subregion light damping plate B is gradually distance from lens L, after moving to beyond one times of focal length F of lens, from thing
The light that any one position in body surface face is set out can only through the regional area of light damping plate, if the zonal ray transmitance is high,
Picture point becomes clear；If the zonal ray transmitance is low, picture point is dim, has reached the effect of subregion dim light.Meanwhile, subregion dim light
In CCD target surfaces into real image B ', if light damping plate B is located within the depth of field, B ' is sharply defined image, if light damping plate B is located at for sector-meeting
Outside the depth of field, then B ' is vague image.Either sharply defined image or vague image, the bright-dark degree of its regional both depends on dim light
The light penetration of piece corresponding part.B ' is superimposed with the picture I of testee, and making the effect of subregion dim light strengthens once again.
The present invention can realize a width CCD visual patterns while seeing high temperature deposited metal and line-structured light striped clearly, such as
Shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.In acquired image, structural light stripes are located under image in 1/3rd regions, and light damping plate is in correspondence
1/3 region there is high permeability, remaining 2/3 region has low transmission, and high temperature molten bath is in this region blur-free imaging.Can see
Go out, using the sensor-based system, can clearly obtain the pool width and line-structured light striped pattern in deposition road, thus it is this
Vision-sensing method combines the advantage of active vision sensing and passive vision sensing, is ensureing to obtain enough forming dimension information
While, realize without delayed detection, it is adaptable to which the deposition road size of electric arc increasing material manufacturing and electric arc welding is measured in real time.
Claims (3)
1. electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size is used for without delayed real-time detection apparatus, it is characterised in that the device includes subregion
Dimming element (100), line-structured light generator (101), optical filter (102), ccd video camera (108) and camera lens (109)；
Camera lens (109) is pacified installed in the front end of the imaging target surface (107) of ccd video camera (108), the internal front end of camera lens (109)
Equipped with optical filter (102), the laser stripe (103) of line-structured light generator (101) transmitting is projected to molten bath (104) rear, and
There is distance between laser stripe (103) and molten bath (104), welding gun (106) is vertically set on the surface of molten bath (104), weld
Upper end of the electric arc (105) that rifle (106) is produced positioned at molten bath (104)；
Subregion dimming element (100) is installed between the imaging target surface (107) and camera lens (109) of ccd video camera (108).
2. it is according to claim 1 for electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size without delayed real-time detection apparatus, its feature
It is that subregion dimming element (100) is using different size, the light damping plate composition of different light penetrations.
3. being based on described in claim 1 is used for electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition real-time detection of the road size without delayed real-time detection apparatus
Method, it is characterised in that the real-time detection method can realize a width CCD visual patterns while seeing high temperature deposited metal clearly and swashing
Striations (103), realize electric arc increasing material manufacturing deposition road size without delayed real-time detection, concrete grammar is：Subregion dim light unit
The light-inletting quantity of part (100) control molten bath (104) makes deposited metal light after subregion dim light less than the light-inletting quantity of laser stripe (103)
Spectrum intensity is identical with laser stripe (103) light intensity levels.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710064416.3A CN106643525A (en) | 2017-02-04 | 2017-02-04 | Weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device for arc additive manufacturing and real-time detection method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710064416.3A CN106643525A (en) | 2017-02-04 | 2017-02-04 | Weld bead dimension zero-lag real-time detection device for arc additive manufacturing and real-time detection method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107262878A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of hardware increasing material manufacturing system of shape integration |
| CN107796328A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-03-13 | 西南交通大学 | Metal increasing material manufacturing Pool three-dimensional visual sensor and detection method |
| CN108333160A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-27 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of microstructure light generating device and super-resolution fluorescence microscopic system of space-oriented application |
| CN109202074A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for advanced increasing material manufacturing |
| CN115213576A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Ultrasonic-assisted underwater laser arc composite material increase equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107262878A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of hardware increasing material manufacturing system of shape integration |
| CN109202074A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for advanced increasing material manufacturing |
| CN107796328A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-03-13 | 西南交通大学 | Metal increasing material manufacturing Pool three-dimensional visual sensor and detection method |
| CN108333160A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-27 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of microstructure light generating device and super-resolution fluorescence microscopic system of space-oriented application |
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| CN115213576A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-10-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Ultrasonic-assisted underwater laser arc composite material increase equipment |
| CN115213576B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-09-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Ultrasonic-assisted underwater laser arc composite material adding equipment |
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