CN106643461A - External sensor and method of monitoring internal strain of concrete structure - Google Patents
External sensor and method of monitoring internal strain of concrete structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106643461A CN106643461A CN201611073133.7A CN201611073133A CN106643461A CN 106643461 A CN106643461 A CN 106643461A CN 201611073133 A CN201611073133 A CN 201611073133A CN 106643461 A CN106643461 A CN 106643461A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- memorial alloy
- silk
- pair
- bolt
- xoncrete structure
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
Abstract
The invention discloses an external sensor and a method of monitoring the internal strain of a concrete structure. The external sensor comprises a pair of fixing pieces, a memory alloy sensing wire and a pair of wires, wherein the first part of each fixing piece is fixed in the concrete structure and the second part extends out of the concrete structure; the memory alloy sensing wire is arranged between the pair of fixing pieces and is in a tensioning state, two ends are respectively connected with the second parts of the pair of fixing pieces and are located outside the concrete structure; and the pair of wires are both connected with the memory alloy sensing wire and located at two ends of the memory alloy sensing wire for being connected with a monitor. When the concrete structure changes, the memory alloy sensing wire is deformed, the resistance of the memory alloy sensing wire also changes, and the pair of wires transmits the resistance change of the memory alloy sensing wire to the monitor. The external sensor has a simple structure, and monitoring on damage conditions in a long period of the concrete structure in water or in an acid and alkali complicated environment can be carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the health monitoring field of xoncrete structure, espespecially a kind of outer sensor and monitoring xoncrete structure
The method of internal strain.
Background technology
Along with the development of new technology, concrete structure is towards maximization, high stratification development;Version is also further multiple
Miscellaneous, local environment is more harsh.To understand the service condition of xoncrete structure in time, and anticipation is made to structural damage situation,
The demand of structure long period health monitoring gradually increases.Traditional resistor foil gauge measure xoncrete structure strain when, one
As need to be sticked in concrete structural surface, therefore, traditional resistance strain gage can not meet under water, the complex environment such as soda acid
The measurement request of middle work, meanwhile, zero drift phenomenon can be produced, this greatly limits the service life of foil gauge.
Therefore, the applicant is devoted to a kind of new outer sensor of application and monitors xoncrete structure internal strain
Method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of outer sensor and monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain, external biography
The simple structure of sensor, can carry out the degree of impairment in longer cycle to the xoncrete structure in water or in soda acid complex environment
Monitoring.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of outer sensor, for measuring in xoncrete structure
Portion strains, including:A pair of fixtures, the Part I of the fixture is fixed in the xoncrete structure, and Part II is stretched
Go out the xoncrete structure;Memorial alloy senses silk, is arranged between fixture and in tensioning state described in a pair, its two ends
It is connected with the Part II of fixture described in a pair respectively, and outside the xoncrete structure;Couple of conductor, with it is described
Memorial alloy sensing silk connection, and the two ends that the memorial alloy senses silk are located at respectively, for being connected with monitor.
Preferably, the fixture includes bolt collar and bolt, and the bolt collar is arranged on the xoncrete structure
In, and the opening of the bolt collar is exposed to the xoncrete structure, the bolt is threadedly coupled with the bolt collar, institute
State bolt and stretch out in the part of the screw shell for installing the memorial alloy sensing silk.
Preferably, the number of the bolt collar in the fixture is multiple, and multiple bolt collars are arranged on described
In xoncrete structure, and there is interval described in any two between bolt collar, the bolt thread is connected to any one institute
In stating bolt collar.
Preferably, the memorial alloy sensing silk is Ti-Ni memorial alloys;And/or;The wire is copper wires.
Preferably, the diameter of the memorial alloy sensing silk is less than 1mm;And/or;Spacing described in a pair between fixture
For 100~200mm.
Preferably, the two ends of the memorial alloy sensing silk are fastened on fixture described in a pair respectively, and described
The wound section that memorial alloy is sensed between silk and the fixture is fixed by glue.
Preferably, the wire is welded on the memorial alloy sensing silk, and solder joint therebetween is provided with glue
Layer.
The invention also discloses a kind of method for monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain by above-mentioned outer sensor:By one
The Part I of the fixture is arranged in xoncrete structure, its Part II stretches out in the xoncrete structure, one
To arranging memorial alloy sensing silk between the fixture, the two ends of the memorial alloy sensing silk are separately fixed at a pair and consolidate
Determine on the Part II of part and be tensioned, and memorial alloy sensing silk is located at outside the xoncrete structure, in the memory
Connecting wire on alloy sensing silk, during the structure change of the xoncrete structure, the memorial alloy senses deformation of filament, the note
The resistance for recalling alloy sensing silk changes, and wire described in a pair transmits the change in resistance that the memorial alloy senses silk to prison
Survey device.
Preferably, in above-mentioned monitoring method, once monitoring terminates, before carrying out next monitoring, first to the memorial alloy
Sensing silk is heated, until memorial alloy sensing silk recovers the shape before deformation.
The present invention outer sensor and monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain method can realize it is following any one
Beneficial effect.
1st, outer sensor simple structure of the invention, when xoncrete structure is deformed upon, xoncrete structure can drive
A pair of fixtures being disposed therein, further result in the memorial alloy sensing silk being arranged between fixture and deform upon, and remember
Recalling the resistance of alloy sensing silk can change with deformation, and the change in resistance that memorial alloy senses silk is transferred to monitoring by wire
Device, so as to detect the strain variation value of xoncrete structure, and then judges the damage status of structure.
2nd, memorial alloy sensing silk is arranged on the fixture stretched out in xoncrete structure in outer sensor of the invention
On, when the health condition for needing monitoring in the xoncrete structure under water or in the complex environment such as soda acid, only need to be by fixation
The extended length of part, the memorial alloy being arranged on fixture sensing silk is stretched out in water or the complex environment such as soda acid in i.e.
Can, so arranging can be effectively ensured the electric conductivity of memorial alloy sensing silk and wire, so as to ensure the accuracy of Monitoring Data,
Avoid zero drift phenomenon.
3rd, fixture is the bolt collar and and bolt sleeve being arranged in xoncrete structure in outer sensor of the invention
The bolt of cylinder threaded connection, memorial alloy sensing silk is arranged on bolt, so arranges the installation for being easy to memorial alloy to sense silk
With replacing.
4th, memorial alloy sensing silk adopts Ti-Ni memorial alloys in outer sensor of the invention, compared to traditional health
Copper foil gauge, the measurement sensitivity of Ti-Ni memorial alloys is higher, and more acidproof, alkaline-resisting, it is adaptable to the stronger ring of corrosivity
Border, in addition, Ti-Ni memorial alloys have good recoverable force performance, can carry out that measurement is repeated several times, so as to reduce memory
Alloy senses the replacement frequency of silk.
5th, memorial alloy sensing silk is wrapped on fixture and further solid by glue in outer sensor of the invention
Fixed, wire is welded on memorial alloy sensing silk and by glue and further fixes, and so arranges and can ensure that external sensing
The stabilized structure of device, so as to ensure the accuracy of its monitoring effect.
The method and step of monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain the 6th, of the invention is simple, and easily operation can be with accurate measurements
The strained situation of xoncrete structure, and memorial alloy sensing silk need to only heat after once monitoring terminates and can be carried out next time
Monitoring, such that it is able to realize the macrocyclic structure monitoring of xoncrete structure.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of specific embodiment of the outer sensor of the present invention;
The decomposition texture schematic diagram of fixture in outer sensor shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 1.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
Fixture 10, bolt collar 11, bolt 12;Memorial alloy senses silk 20;Wire 30;Xoncrete structure 40.
Specific embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this specific embodiment discloses a kind of outer sensor, for measuring xoncrete structure
40 internal strain, including:A pair of fixtures 10, the Part I of fixture 10 is fixed in xoncrete structure 40, second
Divide and stretch out xoncrete structure 40;Memorial alloy senses silk 20, is arranged between a pair of fixtures 10 and in tensioning state, and it two
End is connected respectively with the Part II of a pair of fixtures 10, and outside xoncrete structure 40;Couple of conductor 30, with memory
Alloy sensing silk 20 connects, and is located at the two ends that memorial alloy senses silk 20 respectively, for being connected with monitor.
Monitored in xoncrete structure by the deformation of memorial alloy sensing silk in outer sensor in the present embodiment
Portion strains, and compared to the constantan material adopted in traditional foil gauge, the resistivity of memorial alloy has obvious advantage, equal to become
Under the conditions of shape, memorial alloy has larger resistance variations, and measurement sensitivity is greatly improved.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 fixture 10 includes bolt collar 11 and bolt 12, bolt collar 11 is arranged on coagulation
In soil structure 40, and the opening of bolt collar 11 is exposed to xoncrete structure 40, and bolt 12 is threadedly coupled with bolt collar 11, spiral shell
Bolt 12 stretches out in the part of screw shell to be used to install memorial alloy sensing silk 20.
After concrete component is poured, before initial set, the bolt collar 11 of first pre-buried adaptation, in embedded bolt collar 11,
Should note protecting nozzle, it is to avoid concrete enters blocking nozzle, one can be arranged in nozzle after pre-buried bolt collar
Lid, the nozzle of bolt collar is sealed, and during bolt to be installed, then lid is removed.Concrete component is reached after use requirement,
Connect memorial alloy by bolt 12 to sense silk 20 and be fixed in bolt collar 11, swivel bolt 12 adjusts memorial alloy sensing
The default deflection of silk 20, default deflection is deformation of the memorial alloy sensing silk when concrete component does not deform
Amount.
In the present embodiment, memorial alloy sensing silk 20 is specially Ti-Ni memorial alloys.Ti-Ni memorial alloys are not dissolved in
Common acid, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, also do not react with alkali, are particularly well-suited to the stronger environment of corrosivity, also,
Ti-Ni memorial alloys have good recoverable force performance, and recoverable strain is general up to 8%, and measurement can be repeated several times.Separately
Outward, the diameter of the memorial alloy sensing silk 20 in the present embodiment is less than 1mm, in addition, the spacing between a pair of fixtures 10 is
150mm, that is to say, that the length of the memorial alloy sensing silk between a pair of fixtures 10 is 150mm.Wire 30 is led for copper
Line.
In the present embodiment, the two ends of memorial alloy sensing silk 20 are fastened respectively on a pair of fixtures 10, and remember
Recall alloy sensing silk 20 to fix by 502 glue with the wound section of bolt 12.In addition, wire 30 senses silk 20 with memorial alloy
Connected by soldering, and solder joint therebetween is provided with glue layer, glue layer is made by 502, weldering of 502 glue layers to the two
Point is reinforced and protected.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two disclose the present invention outer sensor another specific embodiment, the structure of embodiment two with
Embodiment one is essentially identical, and difference is, in the outer sensor in embodiment two, a fixture includes bolt sleeve
Cylinder, multiple bolt collars are arranged in the zones of different of xoncrete structure, and have interval, spiral shell between any two bolt collar
Bolt is threadedly connected in any one of bolt collar.That is, the outer sensor in the present embodiment includes a pair of spiral shells
Bolt and multipair bolt collar, this pair of bolts can be threadedly connected in any pair bolt collar, and so arranging to pass through
The strained situation of the zones of different of a pair of bolts and the memorial alloy sensing silk monitoring xoncrete structure being disposed there between.This
Outer sensor structure in embodiment is more flexible.
The installation set cover on the bolt collar for be not provided with bolt, the bolt collar that would sit idle for by socket cover is closed
Firmly, it is to avoid the impurity such as concrete is dropped into sleeve, so as to avoid bolt collar from blocking.
Of course, in other specific embodiments, fixture can also directly be fixed and set in the outer sensor of the present invention
Put in xoncrete structure, rather than be set to the separable structure of bolt and bolt collar;Memorial alloy sensing silk may be used also
To select other memory alloy materials, adnic, copper aluminum series alloy, copper Zn based alloy, iron-based alloy etc.;Wire also may be used
To select the conductor materials such as gold, silver, iron, tin, aluminium;The spacing of a pair of fixtures can also for 100mm, 125mm, 140mm,
165mm, 180mm, 200mm etc.;Additionally, the connected mode and memorial alloy sensing silk between memorial alloy sensing silk and fixture
Connected mode between conductor can be adjusted according to actual needs, and here is omitted.
Embodiment three
The invention also discloses a kind of method for monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain by above-mentioned outer sensor:By one
The Part I of fixture is arranged in xoncrete structure, its Part II stretches out in xoncrete structure, in a pair of fixtures
Between memorial alloy sensing silk is set, the two ends of memorial alloy sensing silk are separately fixed at the Part II of a pair of fixtures
On, and memorial alloy sensing silk is tensioned between a pair of fixtures, and memorial alloy sensing silk is located at outside xoncrete structure,
The connecting wire on memorial alloy sensing silk, during the structure change of xoncrete structure, memorial alloy sensing deformation of filament, memorial alloy
The resistance of sensing silk changes, and couple of conductor transmits the change in resistance that memorial alloy senses silk to monitor, monitor root
" strain-resistivity " relation for sensing silk according to memorial alloy judges the internal strain situation of xoncrete structure.
After once monitoring terminates, before carrying out next monitoring, first memorial alloy sensing silk is heated, until memory is closed
Gold sensing silk recovers the shape before deformation.The heat time and temperature that silk is sensed to memorial alloy needs to be sensed according to memorial alloy
The concrete size and its deformation extent of silk is specifically arranged.
The outer sensor simple structure of the present invention, measurement sensitivity are high, can effectively monitor the health of xoncrete structure
Situation, also, the outer sensor of the present invention goes in acid or alkali environment or water, and it is applied widely, and usage cycles
It is long, it is possible to achieve the health monitoring of longer cycle inner concrete structure.The side of the monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain of the present invention
Method step is few, easy to operate, can be applicable to the xoncrete structure health monitoring neck such as house, road, tunnel, bridge, dykes and dams, harbour
Domain.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of outer sensor, for measuring the internal strain of xoncrete structure, it is characterised in that include:
A pair of fixtures, the Part I of the fixture is fixed in the xoncrete structure, and Part II stretches out described mixed
Xtah Crude Clay structure;
Memorial alloy sense silk, be arranged between fixture and in tensioning state described in a pair, its two ends respectively with a pair of institutes
The Part II connection of fixture is stated, and outside the xoncrete structure;
Couple of conductor, is connected with memorial alloy sensing silk, and is located at the two ends that the memorial alloy senses silk respectively, uses
In being connected with monitor.
2. outer sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The fixture includes bolt collar and bolt, and the bolt collar is arranged in the xoncrete structure, and the spiral shell
The opening of bolt sleeve is exposed to the xoncrete structure, and the bolt is threadedly coupled with the bolt collar, and the bolt stretches out
It is used to that the memorial alloy sensing silk be installed in the part of the screw shell.
3. outer sensor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The number of the bolt collar in the fixture is multiple, and multiple bolt collars are arranged on the xoncrete structure
In, and there is interval described in any two between bolt collar, the bolt thread is connected to any one of bolt collar
In.
4. outer sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The memorial alloy sensing silk is Ti-Ni memorial alloys;
And/or;
The wire is copper wires.
5. outer sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The diameter of the memorial alloy sensing silk is less than 1mm;
And/or;
Spacing described in a pair between fixture is 100~200mm.
6. outer sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The two ends of the memorial alloy sensing silk are fastened on fixture described in a pair respectively, and the memorial alloy is sensed
Wound section between silk and the fixture is fixed by glue.
7. outer sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The wire is welded on the memorial alloy sensing silk, and solder joint therebetween is provided with glue layer.
8. a kind of outer sensor by any one of claim 1 to 7 monitors the side of xoncrete structure internal strain
Method, it is characterised in that:
The Part I of fixture described in a pair is arranged in xoncrete structure, its Part II stretches out in the concrete knot
Structure, is arranging memorial alloy sensing silk between fixture described in a pair, the two ends of the memorial alloy sensing silk are fixed respectively
On the Part II of a pair of fixtures and it is tensioned, and memorial alloy sensing silk is located at outside the xoncrete structure,
Connecting wire on the memorial alloy sensing silk, during the structure change of the xoncrete structure, the memorial alloy sensing silk becomes
Shape, the resistance of the memorial alloy sensing silk changes, and wire described in a pair becomes the resistance that the memorial alloy senses silk
Change is transmitted to monitor.
9. the method for monitoring xoncrete structure internal strain as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:
Once monitoring terminates, and before carrying out next monitoring, first memorial alloy sensing silk is heated, until the memory is closed
Gold sensing silk recovers the shape before deformation.
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CN201611073133.7A CN106643461A (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | External sensor and method of monitoring internal strain of concrete structure |
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Cited By (4)
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CN107747902A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of assay method of the strain value of marmem strain transducer |
CN110068265A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-30 | 同济大学 | A kind of multistage surmounts triggering device for detecting deformation |
CN111854593A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Digital sensor based on multistage deformation surmounts early warning |
GB2584478A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-09 | Bae Systems Plc | Sacrificial sensor |
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CN201724651U (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2011-01-26 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Shape memory alloy large deformation displacement sensor |
CN104267155A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-07 | 曲靖师范学院 | Measurement device for strain characteristics of material under extreme conditions |
CN206248026U (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-06-13 | 上海浦兴路桥建设工程有限公司 | Outer sensor |
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CN101071114A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2007-11-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Smart concret structure stress, strain signal wireless collecting method and device |
CN101750047A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-23 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Monitoring device and method for contraction distortion of concrete structure |
CN201724651U (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2011-01-26 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Shape memory alloy large deformation displacement sensor |
CN104267155A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-07 | 曲靖师范学院 | Measurement device for strain characteristics of material under extreme conditions |
CN206248026U (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-06-13 | 上海浦兴路桥建设工程有限公司 | Outer sensor |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107747902A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of assay method of the strain value of marmem strain transducer |
CN110068265A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-30 | 同济大学 | A kind of multistage surmounts triggering device for detecting deformation |
GB2584478A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-09 | Bae Systems Plc | Sacrificial sensor |
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CN111854593A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Digital sensor based on multistage deformation surmounts early warning |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |