CN1066417A - Make automotive upholstery with neddle bast fibre felt - Google Patents
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- CN1066417A CN1066417A CN 91107025 CN91107025A CN1066417A CN 1066417 A CN1066417 A CN 1066417A CN 91107025 CN91107025 CN 91107025 CN 91107025 A CN91107025 A CN 91107025A CN 1066417 A CN1066417 A CN 1066417A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method and product of making automotive upholstery with bast fibre felt.Its bast fibre felt by flaxen fiber through combing, divide silk, prescind, lapping, acupuncture make, thereafter, numb felt soaks with synthetic resin, drying is softening to be handled, the inside gadget skeleton is made in heating pressurization in metal die again, pastes one deck ornament materials surface layer on the skeleton and makes automotive upholstery through mold pressing.This inside gadget is made of skeleton, decorative material layer, mating holes and working of plastics, and decorative material layer posts in the skeleton outside, and mating holes is opened on skeleton and decorative material layer, and for assembling usefulness, working of plastics is made fastening usefulness on the skeleton dorsal part.This product light weight is inexpensive.
Description
The invention belongs to product and the method for making automobile inner decorative piece with neddle bast fibre felt.
Automotive upholstery mainly adopted sheet metal, plastic plate to make in the past, but metallic plate is heavy, and the sound-insulating and heat-insulating weak effect is not attractive in appearance, the cost height; Plastic plate is influenced by oil price, the material cost height.
We entrust the United States Patent (USP) of the flourish auditor's retrieval of the Wang Liang of Patent Office of the People's Republic of China, proposed to change the method for performance state in plastic sheet surface, wherein U.S. Pat 3,476, the 626th, with the plastic plate thermoplastic, with the method for acupuncture adhesive-bonded fabric is thrust in the plastic plate then, in this method, surface fabric is by acupuncture some non-woven fibres to be deep in the plastic plate, and the ratio of nonwoven fibrous web can only account for the sub-fraction of inside gadget, to guarantee the wear-resisting of surface, so can only be in order to improve the decorative effect of plastic sheet surface, and can not reach the shortcoming that overcomes plastic plate itself, and the inside gadget material surface that makes in this way is single; And U.S. Pat 4,830,900 usefulness synthetic fabrics improve plastic sheet surface, can be bonding between synthetic fabrics and plastic plate in order to make, simultaneously soak with adhesive at it, and also be coated with seal one deck resin on the surface, be used to improve surface abrasion resistance.This method shortcoming is: 1. complex process during manufactured materials should add a small amount of staple fibre, again with impregnation of adhesive-bonded fabric, a gluing in adhesive-bonded fabric.In order to guarantee that fabric combines with plastic plate.Also need add one deck thermoplastic film.2. fabric needs the single face impregnation, and glue is soaked into evenly, brings difficulty for operation and quality control.3. this method exists incrustation single equally, the shortcoming of weak effect.And among the Deutsche Bundespatent DT2502519 that retrieves, selected acetate fiber is by obtaining its complex process with natural fiber (as wood pulp etc.) vinegar esterification, stock utilization is not high, the cost height, and use the superheated steam through heating when dry, make goods be detained a large amount of water vapours.Influence properties of product, this method is selected resin impregnating for use in addition, and compacting is without hot moulding, and the production cycle is long, can not produce in enormous quantities.
U.S. Pat 4,418,031 " moldable fibrofelt and method for making thereof ", this method adopts the production technology of dry-process fiberboard, promptly adopt short basic fiber and fusible fiber and the adhesive of thermoplastic, the heating of mating formation after mixing makes the fusing of thermoplastic fusible fibers, make moldable sheet material with the pressure roller pressing again, in order to make the felt quality even, main equipment and auxiliary equipment such as need to use huge mixing and mat formation, equipment investment is big, and require raw fibre unsuitable oversize in the processing, generally be no more than 30 millimeters, otherwise easily cause the lapping inequality, this just makes that product strength weakens, percentage elongation is not high, easy to crack when carrying out degree of depth stretching, be not suitable for making the shape more complicated, the product that stretcher strain is big.
In sum, its synthetic fibers cost height of Fa Ming automotive upholstery in the past, the inside gadget incrustation is single; U.S. Pat 4, though 418031 employing natural fibers, equipment investment is big, and should not make the inside gadget of complicated shape.
The objective of the invention is to replace synthetic fibers with flaxen fiber, make and can be used for the automotive upholstery that multiple material carries out incrustation, to overcome synthetic fibers cost height, the shortcoming that the inside gadget incrustation is single, and under the less equipment investment, can make the inside gadget of various complicated shapes.
The present invention is a kind of method that adopts bast fibre felt to form automotive upholstery through mold pressing, it is characterized in that bast fibre felt be by flaxen fiber through combing, divide silk, prescind, lapping, acupuncture make, then, numb felt is soaked with synthetic resin, drying is softening to be handled, the inside gadget skeleton is made in heating pressurization in metal die again, and pastes one deck ornament materials surface layer and make automotive upholstery through mold pressing on skeleton.
Automotive upholstery of the present invention is made of flaxen fiber moulding skeleton, decorative material layer, mating holes and working of plastics, and decorative material layer is attached to the skeleton outside again, and mating holes is opened on skeleton and decorative material layer, uses for assembling.Working of plastics is made fastening usefulness on the skeleton dorsal part.
Made inside gadget skeleton light weight, proportion is at 1.0 ± 0.1 gram/cubic centimetres, thickness is at 2.0~3.0 millimeters, the intensity height, bending strength is greater than 50 Ns/square millimeter, compare with the short fiber goods, improve more than 30% relatively, in order to reach the rich adornment effect, paste one deck ornament materials thereon, as: nylon decorative cloth, artificial leather etc., then, stick the working of plastics annex that engages with vehicle body with fast adhesive made of synthetic resin admittedly at the back of inside gadget, use again drift on punch press to interior skeleton and decorative material layer towards several needed mating holes, so that vehicle body, annexes etc. are connected with made inside gadget, so just make automotive upholstery easy for installation.
Technical process of the present invention is as follows:
With the commodity fiber crops put in order, through softening, comb fiber crops, prescind, lapping, acupuncture, resin pickup, make drying and softening and handle, be hot pressed into the inside gadget skeleton, on skeleton, mount facework again, last fitting attachments and punching.
Now above technical process is described in detail as follows:
Through the fibre fineness of the single flaxen fiber after the combing during at 5~50 dawn, just can be used to make numb felt, prescind the speed and the frequency of machine by control, make the average fiber length that prescinds between 3~8 centimetres, when average fiber length during,, be difficult to make the felt quality even to using mechanical carding occasion into the net less than 3 centimetres, and made inside gadget framework material intensity is also lower, so should be less than 3 centimetres; When average fiber length during greater than 8 centimetres, because the percentage elongation of flaxen fiber own is lower, fiber is oversize, twines too much after acupuncture, carries out the degree of depth when stretching when mold pressing, is prone to cracking phenomena.Therefore, making bast fibre felt with needle point method, generally to control the average length of fiber be 3~8 centimetres.
Fiber after prescinding is sent into the lapping machine and is carried out lapping.Lapping can adopt air-flowing type lapping or mechanical carding to become net.So-called air-laid is that fiber is under the effect of air-flow (blower fan is as power source), after pipeline further is uniformly dispersed, deliver to the lapping head, because the lapping head is a typhon mouth, air-flow slows down at this, fiber falls, and when the lapping head was made horizontal reciprocating movement, fiber crops layer lapping on the following conveyer belt of motion of whereabouts became wadding; So-called mechanical lapping, the fiber that is about to prescind is through after the carding roller combing shredding of several roads, on upper conveyor belt, form thin fibrage, lapping is that two conveyings by upper and lower preparation and orthogonal motion bring and finish, and the terminal of upper conveyor belt has a live-rollers, along with the rotation of roller is done upset greater than 90 ° with conveyer belt, the fiber crops layer is fallen to down on the conveyer belt, its terminal roller is made horizontal reciprocating movement under mechanism, finish lapping on the conveyer belt down.Lapping becomes quantitatively being controlled by the movement velocity of upper and lower conveyer belt of wadding, and during lapping, the relative humidity of operating room must be controlled between 55~65%, and humidity is excessive, easily makes fiber adhesion, influences the lapping uniformity, simultaneously the parts in the equipment is got rusty; Humidity is too small, and fiber is more crisp, easily makes fiber breakage in combing and later acupuncture, influences the mechanical strength of finished product.
Loose hemp fiber after the lapping is more bulk, and intensity is very low, needs to dwindle thickness by acupuncture, improves intensity.Acupuncture is carried out on needing machine, and general the employing gone up aculeus type.By moving up and down of acupuncture barb, the part fiber is penetrated along course, thereby fiber is more closely linked together, loose hemp fiber thickness is dwindled, intensity increases.The present invention utilizes rate of feeding and the punch frequency of adjusting the loose hemp fiber feeding roller, makes needling density be controlled at 5~20 pin/square centimeters, and when needling density during less than 5 pins/square centimeter, fiber is too bulk, is prone to lamination, impregnation difficulty after causing; When needling density during greater than 20 pins/square centimeter, numb felt acupuncture tension can make its percentage elongation reduce, and when carrying out degree of depth form drawing, cracking phenomena occurs.
Its quality of numb felt of using among the present invention must will reach the technical indicator of following requirement:
Project | Quantitatively | Percentage elongation | Average fiber length | Fibre fineness |
Unit | Gram/rice 2 | % | Centimetre | Dawn |
Index | 1690±200 | ≥39 | 3~8 | 5~50 |
The numb felt that utilizes needing machine to make becomes web-like, and this coiled material is soaked with synthetic resin, and synthetic resin can adopt as phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin etc.Phenolic resins has outstanding advantage such as intensity height, acidproof, alkaline-resisting, anti-water, but the shock resistance of its goods is poor, in synthetic resin, generally needs to add plasticizer.The present invention adds the response type flexible resin or the activated monomer of 5~40% weight ratio in phenolic resins, as polyvinyl acetal resin etc., improve the impact resistance of goods, especially outstanding is that the present invention does not need to add any fire retardant, but the combustibility of its goods just can reach U.S. MotorVehicleSafetyStandard FmVSS, the requirement of No.302.
Behind the fiber crops felt resin pickup, can resin further be uniformly dispersed in numb felt by the extruding of roll, and extrude unnecessary resin,, the resin content that immerses in the numb felt is controlled at 15~35%(weight ratio according to the requirement of product) between.
Fibrofelt behind the resin pickup needs to handle through drying and softening, can pass through hot air circulation, means such as heating using microwave will expect that temperature is heated to 90~100 ℃, makes solvent evaporates, it is mobile that the resin initial set is reduced, and then, is placed in the metal die, the heating press molding according to the difference of used resin, is selected different solidification temperatures and time for use, as phenol-formaldehyde resin modified then temperature be 150~200 ℃, pressurization 4.5~6.0Mpa, the press time is 5~1 minutes, takes out then.The tightness of its inside gadget skeleton is 1.0 ± 0.1 gram/cubic centimetres, bending strength greater than 50 Ns/square millimeter, toughness greater than 8 kilojoules/square metre, 24 hours the immersion after water absorption rate less than 15%.
In order to paste required surface decoration material again.On the inside gadget skeleton, impose multiple rubberizing stick.As polyurethane adhesive etc., paste again on the mould surface decoration material and base material skeleton is bonding, bound edge, punching at the back side of base material skeleton, is loaded onto the annex that matches with vehicle body, so promptly can be made into automotive upholstery.
The flaxen fiber that is adopted in the automotive upholstery of the present invention is compared with synthetic fibers, its advantage is that cost greatly reduces, especially outstanding is that the present invention can be raw material with the bastose that output is the highest in the flaxen fiber, because bastose is thick (below 200), therefore inapplicable weaving was mainly used in the past and made wrapping gunnysack, the rope made of hemp, had been synthesized the material braid recently and had replaced, therefore, the present invention has opened up the industrial new way of utilizing bastose.
In addition,, and with low cost among the present invention with the automotive upholstery of neddle bast fibre felt manufacturing is in light weight compared with the automotive upholstery made from sheet metal or plastic plate in the past, sound-insulating and heat-insulating is effective, and is attractive in appearance.
Now as follows to description of drawings of the present invention:
Fig. 1: mechanical lapping schematic diagram.
Among the figure: (1) is that feeding hopper, (2) are vertical surperficial bamboo bar transport tape for idler roller, (12) for lateral surfaces bamboo bar transport tape, (13) for horizontal reciprocating movement roller, (10) for live-roller, (9), (11) for brush material roller, (6), (7), (8) for cover plate, (5) that have card clothing for cylinder, (4) for feeding roller, (3).
Fig. 2: neddle bast fibre felt schematic diagram.
Among the figure: (14) are that pricker, (15) are the acupuncture base plate for the wadding of the flaxen fiber after lapping, (16).
Fig. 3: interior trim spare skeleton shaping schematic diagram.
Among the figure: (17) are that moulding upper mould, (18) are the shaping mould counterdie for the inside gadget skeleton of own moulding, (19).
Fig. 4: decorative material layer is attached to the schematic diagram on the skeleton again.
Among the figure: (20) for paste again mould patrix, (21) for surface decoration material layer, (22) for the own moulding skeleton after the applying glue, (23) for pasting the mould counterdie again.
Fig. 5: be inside gadget (26) structure chart of car car door.
Among the figure: (24) are inside gadget pilot hole, (25) working of plastics for cooperating with vehicle body.
Fig. 6: be the A-A cut-away view of Fig. 5 inside gadget structure chart.
Among the figure: (18) are that inside gadget skeleton, (21) of own moulding are the surface decoration material layer.
Fig. 7: be the B-B cut-away view of working of plastics (25) in Fig. 5 inside gadget structure chart.
Now embodiments of the invention are described as follows:
The production process process of the inside gadget of car car door (26) is as follows:
After after the commodity fiber crops are put in order,, making fibre fineness reach for 5~50 dawn, prescinding into 3~8 centimetres again through softening, comb fiber crops, lapping on mechanical lapping machine shown in Figure 1.The flaxen fiber that is about to prescind is delivered to feeding roller (2) through feeding hopper (1), by cylinder (3) and the cover plate (4) that has a card clothing with flaxen fiber combing shredding, flaxen fiber after the combing shredding is stripped down from cylinder (3) by brush material roller (5), peel off to lateral surfaces bamboo bar transport tape (12), band (12) is pressed the direction shown in the arrow among the figure (27), do horizontal transmission by live-roller (6), (7), (8), (9) and (11), the flaxen fiber layer after shredding is peeled off is done upset greater than 90 ° by horizontal reciprocating movement roller (11).And idler roller (10) tensioning when making transport tape (12) transmission, the flaxen fiber layer that falls drops on vertical surperficial bamboo bar transport tape (13), transport tape (13) is under the drive of motor, travel longitudinally, thereby formed uniform lapping, flaxen fiber after lapping wadding is by the speed of related movement of transport tape (12) and transport tape (13), its quantitative target is reached 1600 ± 200 restrain/square metre, during lapping, relative humidity is controlled between 55~65% in the lapping machine operating room; Flaxen fiber wadding after the lapping is delivered to needing machine by transport tape (13) and is carried out acupuncture, as shown in Figure 2, flaxen fiber wadding (15) carries out acupuncture under the pumping of the pricker (14) of band barb, on acupuncture base plate (16), promptly make bast fibre felt at last, during acupuncture, needling density preferably is controlled in 10~20 pins/square centimeter scope, its percentage elongation of the bast fibre felt of making greater than, equal 30%, after bast fibre felt is cut into piece, soak with phenol resin solution, the concentration expressed in percentage by weight of phenol resin solution is 20%, and the solvent in the solution is an industrial alcohol, A rank phenolic resins is 100 parts in its solute, and polyvinyl butyral resin is 30 parts (all by weight).Unnecessary glue in the bast fibre felt after adopting a pair of compression roller with impregnation squeezes and goes, and the weight resin content in the bast fibre felt preferably is controlled in 25~30%.
Bast fibre felt behind the resin pickup is in addition dry under 90~100 ℃ circulating air, alcohol is vapored away.Then, dried bast fibre felt is placed into heats press molding in the metal pattern, as shown in Figure 3, bast fibre felt moulding between moulding upper mould (17) and shaping mould counterdie (19), its forming temperature is preferably 150~160 ℃, briquetting pressure P is at 4.5~6.0Mpa, and molding time is preferably 5~4 minutes, takes out the inside gadget skeleton (18) of own moulding then.
Apply polyurethane adhesive on skeleton (18), skeleton (18) is placed on the multiple subsides mould counterdie (23) shown in Figure 4, cover decorative material layer (21) on skeleton (18), material layer (21) can be materials such as nylon cloth or artificial leather; Then, make the closed heating pressurization of multiple subsides mould patrix (20) and counterdie (23).Pasting temperature again is 100~120 ℃, and multiple pressing power is 1~2Mpa, and the subsides time is 3~5 minutes again.After will pasting part again and taking out, carry out bound edge, dash mating holes (24) as shown in Figure 5, working of plastics (25) is sticked on the dorsal part of car door inside gadget (26), so just made whole car door inside gadget (26) with PUR.
This car door inside gadget (26) is made of flaxen fiber moulding skeleton (18), decorative material layer (21), mating holes (24) and working of plastics (25), decorative material layer (21) is attached to skeleton (18) outside again, mating holes (24) is opened on skeleton (18) and decorative material layer (21), and working of plastics (25) is on skeleton (18) dorsal part.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method of making automotive upholstery with bast fibre felt through mold pressing, it is characterized in that bast fibre felt by flaxen fiber through combing, divide silk, prescind, lapping, acupuncture make, then numb felt is soaked with synthetic resin, drying is softening to be added in metal die after handling again and is pressed into the inside gadget skeleton, and stickup one deck ornament materials surface layer is made automotive upholstery through mold pressing on skeleton.
2, above-mentioned manufacturing inside gadget method according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that making numb felt, the fibre fineness of the single flaxen fiber after the combing is at 5~50 dawn, and the average fiber length that prescinds is between 3~8 centimetres.
3, above-mentioned manufacturing inside gadget method according to claim 1 is characterized in that making in the bast fibre felt lapping operation, and the relative humidity of operating room is between 55~65%.
4, above-mentioned manufacturing inside gadget method according to claim 1 is characterized in that making in the bast fibre felt acupuncture course, and needling density is 5~20 pin/square centimeters.
5, above-mentioned manufacturing inside gadget method according to claim 1 is characterized in that making in the technical process of bast fibre felt resin pickup, and its weight resin content is in 15~35%, and resin can be phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin.
6, above-mentioned bast fibre felt resin pickup technical process according to claim 5 when it is characterized in that the resin that is adopted is phenolic resins, is wherein added the response type flexible resin or the activated monomer of 5~40% weight ratios.
7, the response type flexible resin that adds in the above-mentioned phenolic resins according to claim 6 is characterized in that this response type flexible resin can be polyvinyl acetal resin.
8, above-mentioned manufacturing inside gadget method according to claim 1 is characterized in that bast fibre felt in drying and softening is handled, by hot air circulation or heating using microwave, makes it be heated to 90 °~100 ℃.
9, the method for above-mentioned manufacturing inside gadget according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that the bast fibre felt hot forming, the temperature in metal die is that 150~200 ℃ of moulding pressures are 4.5~6.0Mpa, the press time is 5~1 minutes.
10, a kind of automotive upholstery, it is characterized in that inside gadget (26) is made of flaxen fiber moulding skeleton (18), decorative material layer (21), mating holes (24) and working of plastics (25), decorative material layer (21) is attached to skeleton (18) outside again, mating holes (24) is opened on skeleton (18) and decorative material layer (21), and working of plastics (25) is on skeleton (18) dorsal part.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN 91107025 CN1066417A (en) | 1991-05-03 | 1991-05-03 | Make automotive upholstery with neddle bast fibre felt |
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CN 91107025 CN1066417A (en) | 1991-05-03 | 1991-05-03 | Make automotive upholstery with neddle bast fibre felt |
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CN1066417A true CN1066417A (en) | 1992-11-25 |
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CN 91107025 Pending CN1066417A (en) | 1991-05-03 | 1991-05-03 | Make automotive upholstery with neddle bast fibre felt |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100396836C (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2008-06-25 | 吴先祥 | Nonwoven cloth-with firilia and production thereof |
CN101088743B (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-08-11 | 烟台正海兴源汽车内饰件有限公司 | Back protecting board for automobile chair and its production process |
CN102396386A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-04-04 | 江苏紫荆花纺织科技股份有限公司 | System for producing non-woven hemp felt flowerpot |
CN102619022A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-01 | 南通大学 | Composite interior material for motor car and preparation method thereof |
CN102616189A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-01 | 常熟市汽车饰件有限公司 | Hot-formed automobile interior panel and manufacture method thereof |
CN102689487A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-09-26 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Preparing method for automobile interior trim plate |
CN103114386A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-22 | 苏州摩维天然纤维材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly single-layer board for home decoration and manufacture method thereof |
CN103692757A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-02 | 江阴延利汽车饰件有限公司 | Process for compounding automotive trim plate and plastic piece |
CN106467618A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-01 | 扬州市邗江扬子汽车内饰件有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of flaxen fiber composite coining automotive upholstery and product |
CN108978357A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-11 | 天津市浩迪橡塑科技有限公司 | Paper mould skeleton and preparation method thereof for automobile cavity packing material |
CN112166016A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-01-01 | 斯道拉恩索公司 | Method of making a dry-laid mat for thermoforming |
-
1991
- 1991-05-03 CN CN 91107025 patent/CN1066417A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100396836C (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2008-06-25 | 吴先祥 | Nonwoven cloth-with firilia and production thereof |
CN101088743B (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-08-11 | 烟台正海兴源汽车内饰件有限公司 | Back protecting board for automobile chair and its production process |
CN102396386A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-04-04 | 江苏紫荆花纺织科技股份有限公司 | System for producing non-woven hemp felt flowerpot |
CN102616189A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-01 | 常熟市汽车饰件有限公司 | Hot-formed automobile interior panel and manufacture method thereof |
CN102619022B (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2015-09-09 | 南通大学 | A kind of composite interior material for motor car and preparation method thereof |
CN102619022A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-01 | 南通大学 | Composite interior material for motor car and preparation method thereof |
CN102689487A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-09-26 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Preparing method for automobile interior trim plate |
CN103114386A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-22 | 苏州摩维天然纤维材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly single-layer board for home decoration and manufacture method thereof |
CN103114386B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2016-02-17 | 苏州摩维天然纤维材料有限公司 | A kind of home decoration environment-friendlysingle-layer single-layer board and preparation method thereof |
CN103692757A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-02 | 江阴延利汽车饰件有限公司 | Process for compounding automotive trim plate and plastic piece |
CN103692757B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-02-24 | 江阴延利汽车饰件股份有限公司 | The combination process of a kind of automotive trim plate and working of plastics |
CN106467618A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-03-01 | 扬州市邗江扬子汽车内饰件有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of flaxen fiber composite coining automotive upholstery and product |
CN112166016A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2021-01-01 | 斯道拉恩索公司 | Method of making a dry-laid mat for thermoforming |
CN108978357A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-11 | 天津市浩迪橡塑科技有限公司 | Paper mould skeleton and preparation method thereof for automobile cavity packing material |
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