CN106636630A - Ionic rare-earth ore infiltration system reinforced leaching method - Google Patents
Ionic rare-earth ore infiltration system reinforced leaching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106636630A CN106636630A CN201611075021.5A CN201611075021A CN106636630A CN 106636630 A CN106636630 A CN 106636630A CN 201611075021 A CN201611075021 A CN 201611075021A CN 106636630 A CN106636630 A CN 106636630A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an ionic rare-earth ore infiltration system reinforced leaching method. The infiltration process comprises the step of adding a leaching agent to perform leaching; and the method is characterized in that ZXT-16 is also added as a reinforcer in the leaching process. The separated ionic rare earths have the advantages of favorable leaching indexes, high leaching recovery rate and low production cost; and the novel reinforced leaching method has the advantages of high stability, high efficiency, favorable infiltration flow effect, sufficient exchange reaction, high leaching indexes, environment friendliness and no pollution, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ore dressing field, more particularly to a kind of method of ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education.
Background technology
Ion type rareearth ore is the distinctive rare earth mineral resources of China, because it is rich in that middle heavy rare earth element, partition are complete, puts
Penetrating property is lower than degree, becomes the grand strategy resource that China limits exploitation.In hydration or hydroxyl water more than Rare Earth Elements
The form of cations is adsorbed in the clay mineral such as kaolinite, illite surface, stable chemical nature.Using chemical property more
Active cation can occur ion-exchange reactions, and then Extraction of rare earth element with rare earth ion, but famous with " removing mountain motion "
The extraction process such as bucket leaching, pond leaching, dump leaching not only break up top layer vegetation, and pollute environment, generation is difficult to the impact repaired.It is former
Ground leaching technology is the optimal leaching technology of ion type rareearth ore, but long-term production practices show that in-situ leaching technique is still deposited
The problems such as bad adaptability, low leaching rate, leaching cycle length, serious medicament residual, slope stability difference, the technology is limited
Fast development and be widely popularized.Its main cause is that the distinctive clay mineral property of ion type rareearth ore is complicated, is not only permeated
Property poor, pore channel function it is low, and easily there is physical expansion and repel each other effect with electricity in leaching process, cause to leach flow event
It is obstructed, slope stability is poor and leaching efficiency is low.
At present, the molten leaching ore dressing for ion type rareearth ore is reclaimed, and industrially generally adopts ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, chlorination
The electrolyte solutions such as sodium, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride carry out leaching recovery as leaching agent.However, distinctive glutinous in ion type rareearth ore
Native mineral can occur the physics chemical actions such as water-swellable, dispersion after leaching agent is added, and the cement between its aspect is water-soluble
Solution, causes cohesive force to decline；Meanwhile, clay interlayer dissociates because of hydrogen ion, causes surface lotus negatively charged, causes clay mineral interlayer
Repel each other effect with electricity so as to which volume increases and causes expansion；In addition, load phase of the clay mineral as rare earth element, its particle
Free water between layers and surface-bonded water produce to leaching agent during in-situ leaching and absorb, stick band and inhibition, have a strong impact on molten leaching
The seepage flow of process leaching agent；Again, because of the change of leaching process liquid phase factor, the skeleton that position is fixed in rare earth ore body is caused
There is position and change in the discrete particles of grain and the discrete cloth in duct middle reaches, and then affect the porosity of skeleton particle, cause molten dipped
Journey particle deposits and becomes silted up knot.Above-mentioned reason is caused in in-situ leaching system, and leaching agent is obstructed in clay mineral interlayer seepage flow, ion
Exchange reaction is insufficient, and ore body expansion unbalance stress, slope stability are poor, and clay mineral hydrophilic wettability is poor, leaching efficiency is low,
Leaching agent consumption is big, production cost is high, is also easy to produce the environmental problems such as seepage flow dead band/blind area, rainwash, ammonia and nitrogen pollution.
The content of the invention
For ion type rareearth ore leaching body system generally existing seepage flow effect it is poor, react insufficient, leaching efficiency it is low, leaching
The problems such as going out that agent consumption is big, production cost is high, be also easy to produce environmental pollution, it is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of it is stable, efficient,
Seepage flow effect is good, exchange reaction abundant, leach index height, low production cost, environment friendly and pollution-free Strengthen education new method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method, its molten dipped journey includes adding leaching agent to be leached, its
It is characterised by that its molten dipped journey is additionally added ZXT-16 and makees hardening agent.
The ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention, it is characterised in that the leaching that its molten dipped journey is added
Go out agent for the one kind in potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride.
The ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention, it is characterised in that wrap the step of its molten dipped journey
Include：
（1）Ion type rareearth ore is loaded into molten leaching post；
（2）By leaching agent and hardening agent ZXT-16 dissolvings, mixing；
（3）The leaching agent for having configured and hardening agent ZXT-16 are carried out into shower-bubble type to soaking post middle rare earth ore deposit, leachate is collected.
The ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention, it is characterised in that the leaching agent of its molten dipped journey
Concentration is 30 ~ 85g/L, and hardening agent ZXT-16 concentration is 1.0 ~ 2.5g/L.
The present invention ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method, it is characterised in that by the leaching agent for configure with
Hardening agent is sprayed according to the flow velocity of 1.0 ~ 8.0mL/min, is leached than collecting for 0.15 ~ 0.75mL/g admittedly by leaching solution
Liquid.
The ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention, it is characterised in that the hardening agent ZXT-16 is
With alkyl sulfonic acid succinamic acid potassium, methylaminoethyl sodium sulfonate, stearyl sodium sulfonate, phosphate ester potassium as raw material, according to
Mass ratio（1.2~2.8）:1:（0.6~1.8）：0.5 proportioning mixing, does container, magnetic stirring apparatus with beaker at normal temperatures and pressures
30 ~ 40min of stirring is produced.
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of method of ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education,
With following technical characterstic：
（1）Water-swellable can occur after leaching agent is added for the distinctive clay mineral of ion type rareearth ore, cohesive force is caused
Decline, and bear electricity in surface after hydrogen ion dissociation, cause clay mineral interlayer to repel each other with electricity, cause clay layer volumetric expansion to become
Greatly, the problems such as causing side slope unstable.The present invention adds hardening agent ZXT-16 during molten leaching, containing substantial amounts of in hardening agent
Cation K+、Na+, K after ionizing+、Na+Into the diffusion electric double layer of clay mineral particle surface, molten infiltration is offset or reduced
The negative electrical charge on the clay mineral surface in discharge orifice road, compresses the thickness of clay mineral diffusion into the surface electric double layer, so as to play suppression
The effect of clay mineral expansion, the problems such as significantly improving molten dipped journey chats volume expansion, cohesive force and decline.And traditional molten leaching work
Skill only adds single ammonium chloride class leaching agent, and the problems such as leaching expansion not only easily occurs, and because partial cation is by clay
Mineral surfaces anionic associative is adsorbed, and causes to be reduced with the cation concn of rare earth ion exchanged reaction so that seepage flow effect becomes
Difference, exchange reaction are insufficient, cause leaching rate step-down, and to solve this problem need to add substantial amounts of leaching agent, cause production
Cost remains high.
（2）Suction is produced to leaching agent for ion type rareearth ore clay mineral particle free water between layers and surface-bonded water
Receive, stick band and inhibition, the problem for affecting leaching agent seepage flow to leach.The hardening agent ZXT-16 that the present invention is adopted has extremely strong
Wetability, when leaching agent and hardening agent add molten leaching simultaneously, hardening agent energy moment wetting clay mineral layer surface makes leaching agent
Clay mineral surface outer layer seepage flow diffusion do not affected by free water between layers and surface-bonded water, reduce liquid phase it is viscous with
Drag, makes leaching agent quickly reach clay mineral surface and forms liquid-solid two-phase interfacial film, and then ion friendship occurs
Molten leaching reaction is changed, seepage flow resistance phenomenon is significantly improved.And the solution leaching method for generally adopting at present makes due to a lack of Strengthen education effect
The single leaching agent that must add causes molten infiltration stream to be obstructed not only because of the glutinous band of liquid phase, inhibition, and leaching agent reaches clay
The time length of side of mineral surfaces, causes leaching efficiency to decline.Even if increase leaching agent consumption is also difficult to solve this difficult problem, on the contrary
Because the increase of leaching agent consumption, concentration are uprised, cause Liquid phase flowability variation, leaching seepage flow effect worse.
（3）The pine of the discrete cloth of skeleton particle and duct middle reaches for fixing because of position during the molten leaching of ion type rareearth ore
Scattered seed generation position changes, and causes ore body porosity to decline, and molten dipped journey particle deposits and become silted up the problems such as tying.The present invention is adopted
ZXT-16 makees hardening agent Strengthen education, and one side hardening agent belongs in itself macromolecular high active substance, and what is ionized out during molten leaching is big
Chemisorbed in molecular anion and clay mineral surface, the not only resistant mineral particle of the macromolecular mass after absorption there is, Er Qiezeng
The displacement of skeleton particle and discrete particles during the leaching agent seepage flow of intergranular cohesive force, and then obstruction by force；On the other hand, hardening agent
Containing alcohol group, with certain foam performance, a certain amount of air has been brought during leaching agent seepage flow into so that particle surface
A small amount of macromolecular bubble is produced on gas-solid two-phase interface, increases the permeability and porosity in seepage flow duct, solve molten dipped journey
Middle particle deposition and the problems such as tying of becoming silted up.
The hardening agent ZXT-16 of the present invention is with alkyl sulfonic acid succinamic acid potassium, methylaminoethyl sodium sulfonate, stearyl
Sulfamic acid sodium, phosphate ester potassium be composition, by substantial amounts of theoretical research, Chemicals, interworking addition, proportioning test and develop
Success.Its performance characteristics not only combines the advantage of each single component, and by burden control, has evaded lacking for each composition
Fall into.It is not allow to expect that such efficient composition is used for during the molten leaching of ion type rareearth ore after lot of experiments research proportioning
, using the leaching of this hardening agent reinforcing ion type rareearth ore of ZXT-16, existing technical problem is significantly improved and solves, this
Creative thought is with the various medicaments and complete set technology being applied in combination as an entirety in the molten leaching ore dressing of ion type rareearth ore
Technical field is not disclosed and is not easy to be conceived yet, be that a kind of stable, efficient, seepage flow effect is good, exchange reaction fully,
Leach index height, low production cost, environment friendly and pollution-free Strengthen education new method.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that：
1. the efficient hardening agent ZXT-16 for inventing, solve leaching agent be obstructed in clay mineral interlayer seepage flow, ion-exchange reactions
The technical barrier of insufficient, ore body water-swellable, slope stability difference, significantly improves molten leaching efficiency and seepage flow effect.
2. the common molten leaching ion type rareearth ore of efficient hardening agent ZXT-16 collaborations leaching agent, solves leaching agent to clay ore deposit
Thing wetability is poor, leaching efficiency is low, dosing is big, production cost is high, be also easy to produce the technical barrier of environmental pollution, significantly improves
And enhance ion type rareearth ore Green Chemistry extract.
3. the efficient hardening agent ZXT-16 for inventing is high-performance active material, and the easily biological-degradable in rare earth ore body can be
The breeding of microorganism and vegetation repair improve nutrient, are conducive to the restoration of the ecosystem and environmental protection of Rare-earth Mine.
Description of the drawings
The step of Fig. 1 is ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention flow chart.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method, its molten dipped journey includes adding leaching agent to be leached, plus
The leaching agent for entering is the one kind in potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride；Its molten dipped journey is additionally added ZXT-16 and makees to strengthen
Agent.
The step of ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention, its molten dipped journey, includes：
（1）Ion type rareearth ore is loaded into molten leaching post；
（2）By leaching agent and hardening agent ZXT-16 dissolvings, mixing；
（3）The leaching agent for having configured and hardening agent ZXT-16 are carried out into shower-bubble type to soaking post middle rare earth ore deposit, leachate is collected.
The ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention, the leaching agent concentration of its molten dipped journey is 30 ~
85g/L, hardening agent ZXT-16 concentration is 1.0 ~ 2.5g/L.
The present invention ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method, its molten dipped journey by the leaching agent for configure with
Hardening agent is sprayed according to the flow velocity of 1.0 ~ 8.0mL/min, is leached than collecting for 0.15 ~ 0.75mL/g admittedly by leaching solution
Liquid.
Embodiment 1
By 200g alkyl sulfonic acid succinamic acid potassium, 100g methylaminoethyl sodium sulfonates, 120g stearyl sodium sulfonates, 50g
Phosphate ester potassium mixes, and does container, 30 ~ 40min of magnetic stirrer with beaker under normal temperature and pressure and is strengthened agent ZXT-16.
Embodiment 2
By 180g alkyl sulfonic acid succinamic acid potassium, 100g methylaminoethyl sodium sulfonates, 140g stearyl sodium sulfonates, 50g
Phosphate ester potassium mixes, and does container, 30 ~ 40min of magnetic stirrer with beaker under normal temperature and pressure and is strengthened agent ZXT-16.
Embodiment 3
By 230g alkyl sulfonic acid succinamic acid potassium, 100g methylaminoethyl sodium sulfonates, 130g stearyl sodium sulfonates, 50g
Phosphate ester potassium mixes, and does container, 30 ~ 40min of magnetic stirrer with beaker under normal temperature and pressure and is strengthened agent ZXT-16.
Embodiment 4
The Sample A for sorting takes from Ganzhou ion type rareearth mine, and sample REO containing rare earth total amounts are 0.078%, ore master
Will be by SiO2And Al2O3Composition, is secondly K2O, MgO and TFe etc., main preservation is in quartz, feldspar, mica, galapectite, Erie
In the clay minerals such as stone；, with ion phase morphology output, weathering is serious, and clay content is higher for rare earth element.Using commonly using at present
Traditional leaching technology molten leaching ore dressing carried out to the ion type rareearth ore reclaim, the optimal rare earth leaching rate of acquisition is 85.26%.
Molten leaching ore dressing is carried out using the ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention to reclaim, molten dipped journey
Including adding leaching agent KCl to be leached, molten dipped journey is additionally added the hardening agent ZXT-16 in embodiment 2, and it sorts step and is：
（1）Weigh dry ion type rareearth sample ore A 500g and load molten leaching post；
（2）By leaching agent KCl and hardening agent ZXT-16 dissolvings, mixing；
（3）The leaching agent KCl for having configured and hardening agent ZXT-16 is carried out into shower-bubble type to molten leaching post middle rare earth ore deposit, is collected and is leached
Liquid.
The leaching agent KCl concentration of molten dipped journey is 45g/L, and hardening agent ZXT-16 concentration is 1.8g/L, leaching agent KCl and strong
Agent ZXT-16 carries out shower-bubble type according to the flow velocity of 4.5mL/min, by leaching solution admittedly than collecting leachate for 0.35mL/g.
The rare earth leaching rate that the present embodiment is obtained is 97.68%.
Embodiment 5
The sample B for sorting takes from Ganzhou ion type rareearth mine, and sample REO containing rare earth total amounts are 0.097%, ore master
Will be by SiO2And Al2O3Composition, is secondly K2O, MgO and TFe etc., main preservation is in kaolinite, quartz, feldspar, mica, Ai Luo
In the clay minerals such as stone, illite；, with ion phase morphology output, weathering is serious, and clay content is higher for rare earth element.Using general at present
Molten leaching ore dressing is carried out to the ion type rareearth ore all over the traditional leaching technology for using to reclaim, the optimal rare earth leaching rate of acquisition is
86.37%。
Molten leaching ore dressing is carried out using the ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention to reclaim, molten dipped journey
Including addition leaching agent MgCl2Leached, molten dipped journey is additionally added the hardening agent ZXT-16 in embodiment 1, and it sorts step
For：
（1）Weigh dry ion type rareearth sample ore A 500g and load molten leaching post；
（2）By leaching agent MgCl2With hardening agent ZXT-16 dissolvings, mixing；
（3）By the leaching agent MgCl for having configured2Shower-bubble type is carried out to molten leaching post middle rare earth ore deposit with hardening agent ZXT-16, leaching is collected
Go out liquid.
The leaching agent MgCl of molten dipped journey2Concentration is 62g/L, and hardening agent ZXT-16 concentration is 2.1g/L, leaching agent MgCl2
Shower-bubble type is carried out according to the flow velocity of 6.3mL/min with hardening agent ZXT-16, is leached than collecting for 0.48mL/g admittedly by leaching solution
Liquid.
The rare earth leaching rate that the present embodiment is obtained is 98.22%.
Embodiment 6
The sample C for sorting takes from Ganzhou ion type rareearth mine, and sample REO containing rare earth total amounts are 0.104%, ore master
Will be by SiO2And Al2O3Composition, is secondly K2O, MgO and TFe etc., main preservation kaolinite, quartz, galapectite, illite,
In the clay minerals such as feldspar, mica；, with ion phase morphology output, weathering is serious, and clay content is higher for rare earth element.Using general at present
Molten leaching ore dressing is carried out to the ion type rareearth ore all over the traditional leaching technology for using to reclaim, the optimal rare earth leaching rate of acquisition is
85.89%。
Molten leaching ore dressing is carried out using the ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method of the present invention to reclaim, molten dipped journey
Including addition leaching agent CaCl2Leached, molten dipped journey is additionally added the hardening agent ZXT-16 in embodiment 1, and it sorts step
For：
（1）Weigh dry ion type rareearth sample ore A 500g and load molten leaching post；
（2）By leaching agent CaCl2With hardening agent ZXT-16 dissolvings, mixing；
（3）By the leaching agent CaCl for having configured2Shower-bubble type is carried out to molten leaching post middle rare earth ore deposit with hardening agent ZXT-16, leaching is collected
Go out liquid.
The leaching agent CaCl of molten dipped journey2Concentration is 70g/L, and hardening agent ZXT-16 concentration is 2.2g/L, leaching agent CaCl2
Shower-bubble type is carried out according to the flow velocity of 6.5mL/min with hardening agent ZXT-16, is leached than collecting for 0.52mL/g admittedly by leaching solution
Liquid.
The rare earth leaching rate that the present embodiment is obtained is 98.85%.
The content not being described in detail in this specification is prior art known in professional and technical personnel in the field.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method, its molten dipped journey includes adding leaching agent to be leached, and adds
Leaching agent be potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride in one kind；It is characterized in that its molten dipped journey is additionally added ZXT-
16 make hardening agent.
2. ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that its is molten dipped
The step of journey, includes：
（1）Ion type rareearth ore is loaded into molten leaching post；
（2）By leaching agent and hardening agent ZXT-16 dissolvings, mixing；
（3）The leaching agent for having configured and hardening agent ZXT-16 are carried out into shower-bubble type to soaking post middle rare earth ore deposit, leachate is collected.
3. ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that its is molten dipped
The leaching agent concentration of journey is 30 ~ 85g/L, and hardening agent ZXT-16 concentration is 1.0 ~ 2.5g/L.
4. ion type rareearth ore leaching body system Strengthen education method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that will configure
Leaching agent and hardening agent sprayed according to the flow velocity of 1.0 ~ 8.0mL/min, by leaching solution admittedly than for 0.15 ~ 0.75mL/g
Collect leachate；The hardening agent ZXT-16 is with alkyl sulfonic acid succinamic acid potassium, methylaminoethyl sodium sulfonate, stearyl ammonia
Base sodium sulfonate, phosphate ester potassium are raw material, according to mass ratio（1.2~2.8）:1:（0.6~1.8）：0.5 proportioning mixing, in normal temperature
Container, 30 ~ 40min of magnetic stirrer are done under normal pressure with beaker to produce.
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| CN106636630B (en) | 2018-10-02 |
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