CN106636591A - Rolling and cooling control method of large-specification high-carbon chromium bearing steel - Google Patents
Rolling and cooling control method of large-specification high-carbon chromium bearing steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106636591A CN106636591A CN201510753181.XA CN201510753181A CN106636591A CN 106636591 A CN106636591 A CN 106636591A CN 201510753181 A CN201510753181 A CN 201510753181A CN 106636591 A CN106636591 A CN 106636591A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of iron and steel manufacturing, and discloses a rolling and cooling control method of large-specification high-carbon chromium bearing steel. The rolling and cooling control method comprises the following steps that a plurality of large-specification high-carbon chromium bearing steel rolled pieces obtained after roughing are subject to air cooling at the same time; the rolled pieces obtained after air cooling are subject to finish rolling; and the rolled pieces obtained after finish rolling are subject to graded water cooling. The production process that air cooling of the multiple rolled pieces obtained before finish rolling and graded water cooling of single rolled pieces obtained after finish rolling are combined is adopted in the method. By means of the rolling and cooling control method, under the condition that the rolling rhythm is not influenced, the time of air cooling before finish rolling is controlled, and rolling temperature of large-specification bars within two-phase zone scope is achieved; graded water cooling after finish rolling is used in a combined manner, cooling speed after finish rolling is controlled, and therefore the effect of reducing network carbide grade of the large-specification bearing steel us achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel and iron manufacturing field, the controlled rolling and controlled cooling method of more particularly to big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel.
Background technology
High-carbon-chromium bearing steel is the class in bearing steel, is the most frequently used steel grade for manufacturing bearing and bearing parts.
GCr15 and GCr15SiMn is most commonly used that in high-carbon-chromium bearing steel.
At present, High-carbon Cr Bearing Steel Bar temperature-controlled rolling technique is that pre- water-cooled is adopted before finish rolling by rolled piece surface
Fast cooling, then through the after-applied certain rolling reduction of certain hour samming；After finish rolling, then adopt
Rolled piece is cooled to a certain temperature by water-cooled, so as to tissue and performance required for obtaining.
The temperature-controlled rolling effect ratio of relatively small dimension bearing steel of this kind of technique for cross section diameter less than 80mm
It is more satisfactory.But, for bearing steel of the cross section diameter more than 80mm, the application of pre- water-cooled is restricted,
Its main cause is as follows：
1) blank specification is larger.In order to ensure the internal soundness of bearing steel, larger compression ratio should be adopted.
For the bearing steel with diameter greater than 80mm, blank section used is typically in 76000mm2(equivalent to the length of side
The square billet of 275mm) more than, pre- water-cooled rolled piece specification is about Φ 115mm, core table thermograde after cooling
It is too big, so being extremely difficult to the effect of temperature-controlled rolling using pre- water-cooled.
2) heating-up temperature is higher.Carbide liquid-extraction in order to eliminate strand, improve carbide strip and net
Shape inhomogeneities, should adopt higher heating-up temperature.For GCr15 continuous casting billets, its heating-up temperature is
1180～1220 DEG C.
3) finishing temperature is relatively low.In order to control net carbide rank, generally using relatively low finishing temperature.
To large scale rod bar, the temperature is 750～850 DEG C.
4) rolled piece internal stress is larger.Due to blank and product specification is larger, temperature drop amplitude requirement high, if
Using cooling velocity water-cooled faster, the rolled piece heart table temperature difference and internal stress can be larger, easily cause surface defect.
5) samming distance is longer.Due to temperature drop greatly, required equal temperature time and samming distance, it means that
Whole production line is elongated.Under normal circumstances, it is difficult to realize due to the restriction of site condition.
Due at present for big specification bearing Steel Bar is also without suitable cooling controlling and rolling controlling process, adopting normal
Rule hot rolling technology, net carbide rank is higher, increased heating or the heat treatment cost of lower procedure.Cause
This, production unfavorable at present is changed in the urgent need to a kind of cooling controlling and rolling controlling process suitable for big specification bearing steel
Situation.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of controlled rolling suitable for big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel
Control cooling method, the big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel carbide rank obtained using the method is low, good product performance.
The invention discloses a kind of cooling controlling and rolling controlling process of big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, comprises the following steps：
(A) the big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel rolled piece after roughing carries out many air coolings simultaneously；
(B) finish rolling will be carried out through the rolled piece of air cooling；
(C) rolled piece after finish rolling is carried out into classification water-cooled.
Preferably, the rolled piece takes off head rolling between two units of roughing and finish rolling, and has many rolled pieces
Continuous air cooling is realized between roughing and mm finishing mill unit.
Preferably, before the roughing, steel billet tapping temperature is 1180～1220 DEG C.
Preferably, when the finish rolling starts, the temperature of rolled piece is 750～850 DEG C.
Preferably, the cooldown rate of the water-cooled be more than or equal to 3～5 DEG C/s, after cooling rolled piece temperature less than etc.
In 700 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the cooling controlling and rolling controlling process of big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel of the invention, including with
Lower step：
(A) the big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel rolled piece after roughing carries out many air coolings simultaneously；
(B) finish rolling will be carried out through the rolled piece of air cooling；
(C) rolled piece after finish rolling is carried out into classification water-cooled.
Air cooling is carried out before finish rolling, control finish rolling is completed in two-phase section temperature range so that non-recrystallization
Austenite and the carbide for first separating out are subject to plastic deformation, crystal grain to be further elongated, and form a large amount of dislocations,
So that making the carbide network for first separating out form carbide particle that is tiny, disperseing little strip.Coordinate after finish rolling
Water-cooled, accelerates cooling, prevents hypereutectoid carbide intercrystalline precipitation, is compared in the tissue after rolling
Carbide network thin less.Finally so that larger specification bearing steel reduces the effect of net carbide rank
Really.Test result indicate that, the specification prepared according to the controlled rolling and controlled cooling method of the present invention is not more than Φ 90mm axles
Steel is held, its core net carbide rank is not more than 2.5；Specification is the bearing steel of Φ 95mm～Φ 120mm,
1/2R radius net carbide ranks are not more than 2.5, and core is not more than 3.0, reaches existing GB GB/T
18254-2002 is required for material net carbide rank of annealing in the specification limit；Specification is
The bearing steel of Φ 125mm～Φ 130mm, it is little that 1/2R radius net carbide ranks are not more than 2.5 cores
In 3.5.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the first controlled rolling and controlled cooling region technology arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is second controlled rolling and controlled cooling region technology arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the third controlled rolling and controlled cooling region technology arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is specification Φ 90mm bearing steel bar temp change curves；
Fig. 5 is specification Φ 110mm bearing steel bar temp change curves；
Fig. 6 is specification Φ 120mm bearing steel bar temp change curves；
Fig. 7 is specification Φ 130mm bearing steel bar temp change curves.
Specific embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to embodiment,
It is understood that these descriptions are simply to further illustrate the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to this
The restriction of invention claim.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of controlled rolling and controlled cooling method of big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, including it is following
Step：
(A) the big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel rolled piece after roughing carries out many air coolings simultaneously；
(B) finish rolling will be carried out through the rolled piece of air cooling；
(C) rolled piece after finish rolling is carried out into classification water-cooled；
The cooldown rate of the water-cooled is more than or equal to 3～5 DEG C/s, and rolled piece temperature is less than or equal to 700 DEG C after cooling.
The present invention is a kind of controlled rolling and controlled cooling method for being suitable for big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, by the method
The high-carbon-chromium bearing steel of composite demand can be obtained.The big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel of the present invention refers to that section is straight
High-carbon-chromium bearing steel of the footpath more than 80mm.
According to the present invention, first by roughing after big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel rolled piece carry out air cooling.It is described thick
Before rolling, steel billet tapping temperature is preferably 1180～1220 DEG C.
The air cooling can be implemented according to 3 kinds of modes, meet in continuous production according to 3 kinds of modes
The demand of air cooling cooling before finish rolling：
The first embodiment, referring to Fig. 1.
Two temperature control stands placed side by side are set between roughing mills and mm finishing mill unit,
If rolled piece cross-sectional area is A0, length of rolled piece is L0；Between roughing and mm finishing mill unit horizontal direction away from
From for Lx, vertical direction distance is Ly, and auxiliary equipment technique distance is La between roughing and mm finishing mill unit,
Rolling rhythm is t0, and it is Sx, traversing that the cool time according to required for temperature drop is required is t, rolled piece straight trip speed
Speed is Sy, traversing apart from Ls, while the rolled piece radical of cooling is N, rolled piece breaks after roughing mills
Face area is A1, then cross-sectional area is A2 after mm finishing mill unit,
Its implementation is：The rolled piece for coming is rolled out through roughing mills to be entered by the bottom of the first temperature control stand,
Then the first temperature control stand top is pushed to, the second temperature control stand top is moved to, the second control is finally moved to
Warm stand bottom, thus entering back into mm finishing mill unit carries out finish rolling.
As Ly=0：Lx=2 × L0 × A0/A1+La；
Ls=Sy × (t-Lx/Sx)/2；
N=t/t0.
Second embodiment, referring to Fig. 2.
One temperature control stand is set between roughing mills and mm finishing mill unit, and de- head roller-way is arranged in temperature control stand
Between.
If rolled piece cross-sectional area is A0, length of rolled piece is L0；Between roughing and mm finishing mill unit horizontal direction away from
From for Lx, vertical direction distance is Ly, and auxiliary equipment technique distance is La between roughing and mm finishing mill unit,
Rolling rhythm is t0, and it is Sx, traversing that the cool time according to required for temperature drop is required is t, rolled piece straight trip speed
Speed is Sy, traversing apart from Ls, while the rolled piece radical of cooling is N, rolled piece breaks after roughing mills
Face area is A1, then cross-sectional area is A2 after mm finishing mill unit,
Its implementation is：The rolled piece for coming is rolled out through roughing mills to be entered by temperature control stand middle part, gradually
On move on to temperature control stand top, when the 1st rolled piece is cooled to set point of temperature, the overall translation downwards of rolled piece,
1st rolled piece is placed on de- head roller-way, finish rolling is carried out hence into mm finishing mill unit, by that analogy.Institute
State set point of temperature and be 750～850 DEG C of temperature when finish rolling starts.
As Ly=0：Lx=L0 × A0/A1+La；
Ls=Sy × (t-Lx/Sx)；
N=t/t0.
The third embodiment, referring to Fig. 3.
One temperature control stand is set between roughing mills and mm finishing mill unit,
If rolled piece cross-sectional area is A0, length of rolled piece is L0；Between roughing and mm finishing mill unit horizontal direction away from
From for Lx, vertical direction distance is Ly, and auxiliary equipment technique distance is La between roughing and mm finishing mill unit,
Rolling rhythm is t0, and it is Sx, traversing that the cool time according to required for temperature drop is required is t, rolled piece straight trip speed
Speed is Sy, traversing apart from Ls, while the rolled piece radical of cooling is N, rolled piece breaks after roughing mills
Face area is A1, then cross-sectional area is A2 after mm finishing mill unit,
Its implementation is：
Through roughing mills roll out come rolled piece by temperature control stand bottom enter, gradually on move on to temperature control stand
Top, when being cooled to set point of temperature, rolled piece moves to the horizontal direction of mm finishing mill unit, hence into essence
Milling train group carries out finish rolling.The set point of temperature is 750～850 DEG C of temperature when finish rolling starts.
When Ly ≠ 0：Lx=L0 × A0/A1+La；
Ls=Sy × (t-Lx/Sx)；
Ly=Ls；
N=t/t0.
According to the present invention, after carrying out process air cooler, finish rolling will be carried out through the rolled piece of air cooling.The finish rolling is opened
During the beginning, the temperature of rolled piece is 750～850 DEG C, and in the two-phase section rolling temperature interval finish rolling is completed, by being beneficial to
So that carbide particle is tiny, so as to reduce carbide rank.The present invention does not have for the method for concrete finish rolling
It is specifically limited, carry out according to mode well known to those skilled in the art.In order to meet fast, economical, section
The about principle of cost, it is preferred that the rolled piece takes off head rolling between two units of roughing and finish rolling, and
There are many rolled pieces that air cooling is realized between roughing and mm finishing mill unit.
After finish rolling, the rolled piece after finish rolling is carried out into classification water-cooled.After finish rolling, rolled piece heats up through deformation
Reach 800～900 DEG C.The rolled piece read after finish rolling is needed rapidly to be cooled down.The cooldown rate of the water-cooled
More than or equal to 3～5 DEG C/s, rolled piece temperature is less than or equal to 700 DEG C after cooling.
According to the present invention, the total deformation of the big specification bearing steel after controlled rolling and controlled cooling method
A0-A2)/A0 >=93%；Finish rolling deflection：(A1-A2)/A1 ≈ 50%；Specification is not more than Φ 90mm bearings
Steel, its core net carbide rank is not more than 2.5；Specification is the bearing steel of Φ 95mm～Φ 120mm,
1/2R radius net carbide ranks are not more than 2.5, and core is not more than 3.0, reaches existing GB GB/T
18254-2002 is required for material net carbide rank of annealing in the specification limit；Specification is
The bearing steel of Φ 125mm～Φ 130mm, 1/2R radius net carbide ranks are not more than 2.5, and core is little
In 3.5.
For a further understanding of the present invention, with reference to the big specification high carbon chromium axle that embodiment is provided the present invention
The controlled rolling and controlled cooling method for holding steel is described in detail, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
The controlled rolling and controlled cooling Φ 90mm bearing Steel Bars of embodiment 1
Heating steel billet is come out of the stove to 1200 DEG C, Jing after high-pressure water descaling, 12 passages is rolled in thick, in
Discontinuity surface is Φ 120mm, and the traversing stands of Jing cool down (such as Fig. 1) in stepping, while it is 2 to cool down radical
Root, after 5 minutes, rolled piece surface temperature reaches 800 DEG C to temperature control, and core table thermograde is 78 DEG C, crop end
Mm finishing mill unit being entered afterwards and rolling 4 passages, roll into final finished Φ 90mm, finish to gauge speed is 1.57m/s, is gone out
Immediately enter after mm finishing mill unit and roll rear water-cooled section and quickly cool down, control cold bed recovery temperature for 650 DEG C, with
Continue Slow cooling on cold bed afterwards, and complete follow-up Cut-to-length collection operation.Rear water-cooled section is rolled by 3 sets of water tanks
Composition, often covers and section of rising again is arranged between water tank, and surface temperature is not less than 300 DEG C after control rolled piece cooling, keeps away
Exempt from surface and produce martensitic structure.
Rolled piece controlled rolling and controlled cooling temperature variation curve refers to Fig. 4, and in Fig. 4,1 is temperature control process, and 2 is cold for control
Process.
Controlled rolling and cooling process parameter and final finished carbide rank for details see attached table 1.
Embodiment 2：Controlled rolling and controlled cooling Φ 110mm bearing Steel Bars
Heating steel billet is come out of the stove to 1200 DEG C, Jing after high-pressure water descaling, 10 passages is rolled in thick, in
Discontinuity surface is Φ 148mm, and the traversing stands of Jing are cooled down in stepping, while it is 3 to cool down radical, temperature control 8
After minute, rolled piece surface temperature reaches 800 DEG C, and core table thermograde is 90 DEG C, and finish rolling is entered after crop end
Unit rolls 4 passages, rolls into final finished Φ 110mm, and finish to gauge speed is 1.05m/s, goes out mm finishing mill unit
Roll rear water-cooled section immediately afterwards quickly to cool down, control cold bed recovery temperature for 650 DEG C, subsequently on cold bed after
Continuous Slow cooling, and complete follow-up Cut-to-length collection operation.Roll rear water-cooled section to be made up of 3 sets of water tanks, often cover water
Section of rising again is set between case, and surface temperature is not less than 300 DEG C after control rolled piece cooling, it is to avoid surface produces horse
Family name's body is organized.
Rolled piece controlled rolling and controlled cooling temperature variation curve refers to Fig. 5, and in Fig. 5,1 is temperature control process, and 2 is cold for control
Process.Controlled rolling and cooling process parameter and final finished carbide rank for details see attached table 1.
Embodiment 3：Controlled rolling and controlled cooling Φ 120mm bearing Steel Bars
Heating steel billet is come out of the stove to 1200 DEG C, Jing after high-pressure water descaling, 8 passages is rolled in thick, in
Discontinuity surface is Φ 177mm, and the traversing stands of Jing are cooled down in stepping, while it is 3 to cool down radical, temperature control 7
After minute, rolled piece surface temperature reaches 800 DEG C, and core table thermograde is 110 DEG C, and essence is entered after crop end
Milling train group rolls 4 passages, rolls into final finished Φ 120mm, and finish to gauge speed is 0.88m/s, goes out finishing mill
Roll rear water-cooled section after group immediately quickly to cool down, it is 650 DEG C to control cold bed recovery temperature, subsequently on cold bed
Continue Slow cooling, and complete follow-up Cut-to-length collection operation.Roll rear water-cooled section to be made up of 3 sets of water tanks, often cover
Section of rising again is set between water tank, and surface temperature is not less than 300 DEG C after control rolled piece cooling, it is to avoid surface produces
Martensitic structure.
Rolled piece controlled rolling and controlled cooling temperature variation curve refers to Fig. 6, and in Fig. 6,1 is temperature control process, and 2 is cold for control
Process.Controlled rolling and cooling process parameter and final finished carbide rank for details see attached table 1.
Embodiment 4：Controlled rolling and controlled cooling Φ 130mm bearing Steel Bars
Heating steel billet is come out of the stove to 1200 DEG C, Jing after high-pressure water descaling, 8 passages is rolled in thick, in
Discontinuity surface is Φ 177mm, and the traversing stands of Jing are cooled down in stepping, while it is 3 to cool down radical, temperature control 7
After minute, rolled piece surface temperature reaches 800 DEG C, and core table thermograde is 110 DEG C, and essence is entered after crop end
Milling train group rolls 4 passages, rolls into final finished Φ 130mm, and finish to gauge speed is 0.75m/s, goes out finishing mill
Roll rear water-cooled section after group immediately quickly to cool down, it is 650 DEG C to control cold bed recovery temperature, subsequently on cold bed
Continue Slow cooling, and complete follow-up Cut-to-length collection operation.Roll rear water-cooled section to be made up of 3 sets of water tanks, often cover
Section of rising again is set between water tank, and surface temperature is not less than 300 DEG C after control rolled piece cooling, it is to avoid surface produces
Martensitic structure.
Rolled piece controlled rolling and controlled cooling temperature variation curve refers to Fig. 7, and in Fig. 7,1 is temperature control process, and 2 is cold for control
Process.Controlled rolling and cooling process parameter and final finished carbide rank for details see attached table 1.
Table 1：Represent scale rod bar structure property prediction
Comparative example 1
According to the preparation technology of conventional bearings steel：
Steel billet is come out of the stove, Jing after high-pressure water descaling, roughing and finish rolling is carried out successively, then directly carry out water-cooled,
Obtain bearing steel.
Because conventional method does not carry out temperature-controlled rolling, the cold measure of control is not adopted after roughing yet, therefore, hot rolling material
Carbide rank is all more than 3.5 grades.
The explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept.Should refer to
Go out, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, also
Some improvement and modification can be carried out to the present invention, these are improved and modification also falls into the claims in the present invention
In protection domain.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using this
Invention.Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art,
Generic principles defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, at other
Realize in embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will
Meet the most wide scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of controlled rolling and controlled cooling method of big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel, comprises the following steps：
(A) the big specification high-carbon-chromium bearing steel rolled piece after roughing carries out many air coolings simultaneously；
(B) finish rolling will be carried out through the rolled piece of air cooling；
(C) rolled piece after finish rolling is carried out into classification water-cooled.
2. controlled rolling and controlled cooling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rolled piece is in roughing
Head rolling is taken off and two units of finish rolling between, and has many rolled pieces company of realization between roughing and mm finishing mill unit
Continuous air cooling.
3. controlled rolling and controlled cooling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before the roughing, steel
Base tapping temperature is 1180～1220 DEG C.
4. controlled rolling and controlled cooling method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that when the finish rolling starts,
The temperature of rolled piece is 750～850 DEG C.
5. controlled rolling and controlled cooling method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the cooling of the water-cooled
Speed is more than or equal to 3～5 DEG C/s, and rolled piece temperature is less than or equal to 700 DEG C after cooling.
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| CN112301193A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-02 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Thermomechanical treatment method for preparing rare earth bearing steel |
| CN112522481A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | Control method of net-shaped carbide of hot-rolled bearing steel |
| CN112536321A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-23 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Cold control method for small-specification bearing steel |
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| CN108246801A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 钢铁研究总院华东分院 | A kind of big specification non-hardened and tempered steel rolling equipment and its rolling production method |
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| CN112522481A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | Control method of net-shaped carbide of hot-rolled bearing steel |
| CN112536321A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-23 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Cold control method for small-specification bearing steel |
| CN112536321B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2023-03-14 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Cold control method for small-specification bearing steel |
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