CN106636533B - With the slagging method of calcite substitution lime in a kind of converter - Google Patents
With the slagging method of calcite substitution lime in a kind of converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106636533B CN106636533B CN201610903886.XA CN201610903886A CN106636533B CN 106636533 B CN106636533 B CN 106636533B CN 201610903886 A CN201610903886 A CN 201610903886A CN 106636533 B CN106636533 B CN 106636533B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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Abstract
The present invention discloses in a kind of converter with the slagging method of calcite substitution lime, comprising the following steps: a) chooses suitable calcite for substituting part lime, the calcite and forms slag material with the lime not substituted；B) dosage of the slag material is calculated；C) thermal balance in converter is calculated, molten iron and steel scrap charge weight are adjusted；D) slag material is added in batches and adjusts oxygen-supplying amount in converter；E) smelting endpoint thermometric, sampling, preparation tapping.This method realizes that the efficient of mineral resources utilizes while reducing production cost, and energy-saving and emission-reduction reduce environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pneumatic steelmaking fields, and in particular to the slagging method of calcite substitution lime in a kind of converter.
Background technique
Steel and iron industry is key industry, and steel and iron industry raw material are mainly non-renewable ore.The master of steel-making
Wanting raw material is molten iron, contains many impurity elements in molten iron, such as sulphur, phosphorus need making steel to remove these objectionable impurities
Lime is added in the process and carries out slag making.
Lime is product made of being calcined as calcium carbonate mineral, needs to carry out calcium carbonate mineral in production to be heated to 1200
DEG C or more, calcium carbonate can just resolve into lime and carbon dioxide.A large amount of heat, and stone can be absorbed during production lime
To cool to suitable temperature after ash firing could transport steel mill, and whole process wastes a large amount of heat, and generates
CO2 emission can cause greenhouse effects into air, the dust of generation pollutes the environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the application is provided in a kind of converter with the method for calcite substitution lime slagging and producing steel.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention is to be made in a kind of converter with calcite substitution lime
The method of slag steel-making, comprising the following steps:
A) it chooses suitable calcite and forms slag making with the lime not substituted for substituting part lime, the calcite
Material；
B) dosage of the slag material is calculated；
C) thermal balance in converter is calculated, molten iron and steel scrap charge weight are adjusted；
D) slag material is added in batches and adjusts oxygen-supplying amount in converter；
E) smelting endpoint thermometric, sampling, preparation tapping.
Preferably, in the step a) suitable calcite be theoretical chemistry group become the mass fraction of calcium oxide be 51~
55%, the mass fraction of carbon dioxide is 43~48%, and the calcite that the mass fraction of silica is 1.0~2.0% is described
The granularity of calcite is 10~50mm.
Preferably, the dosage of the slag material is calculated in the step b) are as follows: foundation is not become with basicity of slag, calculates institute
The ratio of calcite with the lime substituted is stated, the matter of the calcite and the lime not substituted of smelting every furnace steel needs is calculated
Amount.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the calcite and the lime substituted is (1.6~1.8): 1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the calcite and the lime substituted is 1.7:1.
Preferably, it is by calcite in the slag material and the stone not substituted that thermal balance in furnace is calculated in the step c)
The endothermic value of ash adjusts converter molten iron and steel scrap charge weight.
Main component is calcium carbonate in calcite, and calcium carbonate can resolve into lime and carbon dioxide gas at high temperature,
The reaction needs to absorb a large amount of heat during carrying out, and measures the cooling benefit ratio of each supplementary material according to converter heat Balance Calculation
Example: lime: calcite: steel scrap=1: 3: 1.1, it is converted in this ratio, adjusts adding amount of scrap steel.
Preferably, the d of the step) in slag material is added in batches and adjust oxygen-supplying amount for first into converter according to (13
~19) kg calcite/t steel is added calcite, and lower oxygen rifle is lighted a fire successfully after 30 seconds, first slag material is added, to scorification early period
After the completion, second batch slag material is added, oxygen-supplying amount is adjusted according to slag state.
Preferably, the d of the step) in slag material is added in batches is first described slag material is that remaining calcite is total
Quality 2/3 and do not substituted the 2/3 of lime gross mass, the second batch slag material is the 1/3 of remaining calcite gross mass
The 1/3 of the lime gross mass not substituted.
It is furthermore preferred that the d of the step) in slag material is added in batches and adjust oxygen-supplying amount be the second batch slag charge root
It is added in batches according to ramp case in furnace and slag state, every batch of additional amount is no more than 500kg, and the second batch slag charge is being opened
It is added in 6~10 minutes after blowing igniting.
It can be decomposed after being heated due to calcite and generate a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, if excessive slag making is once added
Material, initial slag charge is unfused, and carbon dioxide can not exclude in time completely, may cause the splash of foamed slag, that is, influence to smelt
Stability.Therefore, slag material will be added in batches according to slag making state in furnace.
Preferably, the adjustment oxygen-supplying amount in the step d) is after opening and blowing and light a fire successfully, and rifle position is controlled in 80~100cm,
For the voltage-controlled system of oxygen in 0.93~0.95MPa, oxygen supply intensity is 250~260m3/h·t；Before playing slag, to be improved according to fire door situation
Rifle position, quickly subtracts oxygen, rifle position control in 100~120cm, the voltage-controlled system of oxygen in 0.8~0.85MPa, oxygen supply intensity is 210~
220m3/h·t；
It is furthermore preferred that improving rifle position if occurring slag getting dry phenomenon in slagging process, low oxygen pressure is dropped, smelting is appropriately extended
The time is refined, reduces the slag getting dry time, it is ensured that scorification is complete.
Preferably, the adjustment oxygen-supplying amount in the step d) are as follows: in the pressure of falling stokehold rifle time >=70 second.Press the control of rifle rifle position
In 80~85cm, for the voltage-controlled system of oxygen in 0.93~0.95Mpa, oxygen supply intensity is 250~260m3/h·t。
The present invention provides a kind of method for replacing lime slagging and producing steel with calcite in converter, this method and the prior art
Compared to having the advantages that the following:
(1), source is more extensive in nature than the ore of lime stone for calcite in the present invention, and part side solves crystal grain
Ateliosis, it is impossible to be used in lime calcining limits the use scope of calcite, and therefore, the present invention directly uses calcite
In pneumatic steelmaking, the source of raw materials for production is expanded, improves the utilization rate of non-renewable resources, calcite in actual purchase
Purchase cost advantageously reduces steel-making cost also below lime stone.
(2), calcite molten iron surface decomposition temperature in converter and is calcination at 900 DEG C or so in limekiln
Lime needs temperature at 1000 DEG C or more；Calcite can decompose completely in 5 minutes under converter hot environment, therefore handle side
Xie Shi, which is directly used in converter slag-making lime is used for converter slag-making again after calcining and decomposing in limekiln than it, has saved the energy.
(3), calcite occurs to react as follows in converter: CaCO3(s)=CaO (s)+CO2(g), calcite, which decomposes, generates
Lime and carbon dioxide, lime generate in layers, and clinker, the moving direction of calcination reaction layer and change are dissolved in reaction in layers
The moving direction of slag conversion zone is consistent, the particulate activated height of the CaO of generation, and easy slagging realizes effective component CaO in calcite
Efficiently utilize.
(4) following several reactions can occur in converter for the calcium oxide and carbon dioxide that calcite generates after decomposing:
(CaO)+[S]=(CaS)+[O] (1)
2 [P]+5 (FeO)+4 (CaO)=4CaOP2O5+5Fe (2)
CO2+ C=2CO (g) (3)
CO2+1/2[Si]→CO+1/2SiO2(s) (4)
CO2+[Mn]→CO+MnO(s) (5)
CO2+Fe(l)→CO+FeO(s) (6)
CO2+2/5[P]→CO+1/5P2O5(l) (7)
Above several reactions can slough the impurity such as sulphur, phosphorus, manganese in molten steel, while can remove extra carbon and make in steel
Carbon content reach standard, while these reactions also illustrate that calcite can achieve metallurgy lime for the identical mesh of converter slag-making
's.Using calcite decarburization principle, it will be discharged into atmosphere during the lime burning of limekiln, generate the CO of greenhouse effects2Gas leads to
It crosses chemical reaction in converter and is converted into CO gas.CO is the main component of coal gas of converter, is recycled by RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, is reached
To target for energy-saving and emission-reduction.The CO gas generated during simultaneous reactions is assembled in molten steel, grows up, floating is conducive to remove molten steel
Middle field trash.
In conclusion the efficient utilization of mineral resources may be implemented in the present invention, while production cost is reduced, promotes steelmaker
Industry walks resource-conserving Green Development road.
Specific embodiment
It is right combined with specific embodiments below in order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention
The present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention provides a kind of methods for substituting lime slagging and producing steel with calcite in converter, comprising the following steps:
A) it chooses suitable calcite and forms slag making with the lime not substituted for substituting part lime, the calcite
Material；
B) dosage of the slag material is calculated；
C) thermal balance in converter is calculated, molten iron and steel scrap charge weight are adjusted；
D) slag material is added in batches and adjusts oxygen-supplying amount in converter；
E) smelting endpoint thermometric, sampling, preparation tapping.
Wherein, the mass fraction that the theoretical chemistry group for the calcite selected in step a) becomes calcium oxide is 51~55%,
The mass fraction of carbon dioxide is 43~48%, and the mass fraction of silica is 1.0~2.0%, the granularity of the calcite
For 10~50mm.
In the present invention, in order to keep basicity of slag constant, need to calculate calcite and the stone substituted in the slag material
The ratio of ash calculates the quality for smelting calcite and lime that every furnace steel needs.
According to the present invention, the mass ratio of the calcite and the lime substituted is (1.6~1.8): 1.
In some embodiments of the invention, the calcite is 1.7:1 with the mass ratio of lime substituted, i.e., every thousand
Gram lime needs to be substituted with 1.7 kilograms of calcite.
Since calcite decomposition needs to absorb a large amount of heat, the thermal balance in furnace to be kept to need to adjust converter iron
The charge weight of water and steel scrap.
According to the present invention, slag material is added in batches in the step d) and adjust oxygen-supplying amount for first into converter according to
(13~19) kg calcite/steel is added calcite, and lower oxygen rifle is lighted a fire successfully after 30 seconds, first slag material is added, first slag
Material is 2/3 of the gross mass of 2/3 and the lime not substituted of remaining calcite quality in slag material, is completed to scorification early period
Afterwards, it is added second batch slag material, the second batch slag material is the total of the 1/3 of remaining calcite quality and the lime not substituted
The 1/3 of quality will adjust oxygen-supplying amount according to slag state during slag material is added.
It is furthermore preferred that slag material is added in batches in the step d) and adjust oxygen-supplying amount be the second batch slag charge according to
Ramp case and slag state are added in batches in furnace, and every batch of additional amount is no more than 500kg, and the second batch slag charge is blown opening
It is added in 6~8 minutes after igniting.
It can be decomposed after being heated due to calcite and generate a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, if excessive slag making is once added
Material, initial slag charge is unfused, and carbon dioxide can not exclude in time completely, may cause the splash of foamed slag, that is, influence to smelt
Stability.Therefore, slag material will be added in batches according to slag making state in furnace.
It in the step d) of the invention, opens after blowing and lighting a fire successfully, rifle position controls the height in 80~100cm, oxygen pressure
In 0.93~0.95MPa, oxygen supply intensity is 250~260m for control3/h·t；Before playing slag, rifle position is improved according to fire door situation,
Quickly subtract oxygen, rifle position control is in 100~120cm, and for the voltage-controlled system of oxygen in 0.8~0.85MPa, oxygen supply intensity is 210~220m3/h·
t；In the pressure of falling stokehold rifle time >=70 second, press the control of rifle rifle position in 80~85cm, the voltage-controlled system of oxygen is in 0.93~0.95Mpa, oxygen supply
Intensity is 250~260m3/h·t。
The following are the specific embodiment of the invention, elaborate technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1, experiment carries out in 80t converter, buys calcite, and the theoretical chemistry group of calcite becomes the quality point of calcium oxide
Number is 51.82%, and the mass fraction of carbon dioxide is 39.14%, and the mass fraction of silica is 1.57%, the grain of calcite
Degree is 10~50mm.
2, calculate slag making materials: 79t molten iron needs altogether 3497kg lime, and every kilogram of lime can use 1.7kg calcite
Substitution, needs 1232kg calcite, 2772kg lime altogether.
3, the amount of being transferred to of converter molten iron and steel scrap: molten iron 79t, steel scrap 4t is calculated.
4, addition 1.0t calcite is rebasing after slag is splashed in converter, and lower oxygen rifle is lighted a fire successfully after 30 seconds, and early period is according to ramp case
Remaining 2/3 calcite and 2/3 lime are added in batches, 232kg is added in every batch of calcite, and 500kg is added in lime, to preceding
After phase scorification is good, remaining lime and lime stone is added in second batch, and second batch slag charge is according to ramp case in furnace and slag state
Be added in batches, every batch of calcite be added 0kg, lime be added 500kg, second batch slag charge open blow after added in 8 minutes.
5, it opens after blowing and lighting a fire successfully, rifle position controls the height in 87cm, and in 0.93MPa, oxygen supply intensity is the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
253m3/h·t；Before playing slag, rifle position is improved according to fire door situation, quickly subtract oxygen, rifle position control exists in 105m, the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
0.85MPa, oxygen supply intensity 232m3/h·t；It is 80 seconds in the pressure of the falling stokehold rifle time after the second batch slag material is added.
6, the sampling of falling furnace thermometric, composition is qualified, and temperature is 1660 DEG C, tapping.
Embodiment 2
1, experiment carries out in 80t converter, buys calcite, and the theoretical chemistry group of calcite becomes the quality point of calcium oxide
Number is 51.82%, and the mass fraction of carbon dioxide is 39.14%, and the mass fraction of silica is 1.57%, the grain of calcite
Degree is 10~50mm.
2, calculate slag making materials: 79t molten iron needs altogether 3478kg lime, and every kilogram of lime can use 1.7kg calcite
Substitution, needs 1463kg calcite, 2618kg lime altogether.
3, the amount of being transferred to of converter molten iron and steel scrap: molten iron 79t, steel scrap 3t is calculated.
4, addition 1.0t calcite is rebasing after slag is splashed in converter, and lower oxygen rifle is lighted a fire successfully after 30 seconds, and early period is according to ramp case
Remaining 2/3 calcite and 2/3 lime are added in batches, 200kg is added in every batch of calcite, and 500kg is added in lime, to preceding
After phase scorification is good, remaining lime and lime stone is added in second batch, and second batch slag charge is according to ramp case in furnace and slag state
Be added in batches, every batch of calcite be added 0kg, lime be added 500kg, second batch slag charge open blow after added in 8 minutes.
5, it opens after blowing and lighting a fire successfully, rifle position controls the height in 92cm, and in 0.93MPa, oxygen supply intensity is the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
252m3/h·t；Before playing slag, rifle position is improved according to fire door situation, quickly subtract oxygen, rifle position control exists in 105cm, the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
0.85MPa, oxygen supply intensity 225m3/h·t；It is 75 seconds in the pressure of the falling stokehold rifle time after the second batch slag material is added.
6, the sampling of falling furnace thermometric, composition is qualified, and temperature is 1654 DEG C, tapping.
Embodiment 3
1, experiment carries out in 80t converter, buys calcite, and the theoretical chemistry group of calcite becomes the quality point of calcium oxide
Number is 51.82%, and the mass fraction of carbon dioxide is 39.14%, and the mass fraction of silica is 1.57%, the grain of calcite
Degree is 10~50mm.
2, calculate slag making materials: 81t molten iron needs altogether 3575kg lime, and every kilogram of lime can use 1.7kg calcite
Substitution, needs 1963kg calcite, 2420kg lime altogether.
3, the amount of being transferred to of converter molten iron and steel scrap: molten iron 81t, steel scrap 1.2t is calculated.
4, addition 1.3t calcite is rebasing after slag is splashed in converter, and lower oxygen rifle is lighted a fire successfully after 30 seconds, and early period is according to ramp case
Remaining 2/3 calcite and 2/3 lime are added in batches, 200kg is added in every batch of calcite, and 500kg is added in lime, to preceding
After phase scorification is good, remaining lime and lime stone is added in second batch, and second batch slag charge is according to ramp case in furnace and slag state
Be added in batches, every batch of calcite be added 200kg, lime be added 500kg, second batch slag charge open blow after added in 8 minutes.
5, it opens after blowing and lighting a fire successfully, rifle position controls the height in 82cm, and in 0.95MPa, oxygen supply intensity is the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
256m3/h·t；Before playing slag, rifle position is improved according to fire door situation, quickly subtract oxygen, rifle position control exists in 110cm, the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
0.83MPa, oxygen supply intensity 229m3/h·t；It is 80 seconds in the pressure of the falling stokehold rifle time after the second batch slag material is added.
6, the sampling of falling furnace thermometric, composition is qualified, and temperature is 1670 DEG C, tapping.
Reference examples 1
In this way, to reach smelting identical with Examples 1 to 3 as a result, calcite therein is changed into lime, stone
Ash is made by limestone calcination, and 1kg lime is often obtained during calcined limestone and needs to consume about 5000KJ energy, is generated
0.5Nm3CO2Gas, the noxious products in these gases and calcination process are discharged directly into atmosphere, pollute the environment.
Reference examples 2
Calcite and lime stone main component are CaCO3, but effective component CaCO contained by calcite and lime stone3
Content is different, is directly used in pneumatic steelmaking slag making to variant on the substitution ratio of lime.Calcite compares lime stone in this patent
Ore source is more extensive in nature, calcite is directly used in pneumatic steelmaking by the present invention, expand raw materials for production come
Source improves the utilization rate of non-renewable resources, and the purchase cost of calcite is conducive to drop also below lime stone in actual purchase
Low steel-making cost.
Lime burning ratio limekiln lime burning energy conservation 2000KJ/kg lime in converter has apparent energy-saving effect.
Above embodiments illustrate that calcite can achieve metallurgy lime for the identical purpose of converter slag-making.And utilize calcite decarburization
Principle will be discharged into atmosphere during the lime burning of limekiln, generate the CO of greenhouse effects2Gas, by being chemically reacted in converter
It is converted into CO gas.CO is the main component of coal gas of converter, is recycled by RECOVERY OF CONVERTER GAS, and target for energy-saving and emission-reduction is reached.
The CO gas generated during simultaneous reactions is assembled in molten steel, grows up, floating is conducive to remove field trash in molten steel.Therefore originally
Invention has not only saved the energy than the prior art, reduces environmental pollution, while reducing production cost.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.
Claims (6)
1. with the slagging method of calcite substitution lime in a kind of converter, comprising the following steps:
A) it chooses suitable calcite and forms slag material with the lime not substituted for substituting part lime, the calcite；
The suitable calcite are as follows: the mass fraction of calcium oxide is 51~55% in theoretical chemistry composition, the quality point of carbon dioxide
Number is 43~48%, the calcite that the mass fraction of silica is 1.0~2.0%, the granularity of the calcite is 10~
50mm；
B) dosage of the slag material is calculated；Specifically: foundation is not become with basicity of slag, the calcite is calculated and is substituted
Lime ratio, calculate the quality for smelting calcite that every furnace steel needs and the lime not substituted；
C) thermal balance in converter is calculated, molten iron and steel scrap charge weight are adjusted；Specifically: by calcite in the slag material and not by
The endothermic value of the lime of substitution adjusts converter molten iron and steel scrap charge weight；
D) slag material is added in batches and adjusts oxygen-supplying amount in converter；Specifically: before converting molten steel, first into converter according to
(13-19) kg calcite/t steel is added calcite, and lower oxygen rifle is lighted a fire successfully after 30 seconds, first slag material is added, to pre-slag
After the completion of change, second batch slag material is added, oxygen-supplying amount is adjusted according to slag state；
E) smelting endpoint thermometric, sampling, preparation tapping.
2. slagging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mass ratio of the calcite and the lime substituted
Example is (1.6~1.8): 1.
3. slagging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step d), first described slag material is
Remaining calcite gross mass 2/3 and do not substituted the 2/3 of lime gross mass, the second batch slag material is remaining calcite
Gross mass 1/3 and do not substituted the 1/3 of lime gross mass.
4. slagging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second batch slag material, root are added in the step d)
Oxygen-supplying amount is adjusted according to slag state are as follows: the second batch slag charge is added in batches according to ramp case in furnace and slag state, often
Batch additional amount be no more than 500kg, the second batch slag charge open blow igniting after added in 6~10 minutes.
5. slagging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the adjustment oxygen-supplying amount in the step d) are as follows: open and blow
After lighting a fire successfully, rifle position control is in 80~100cm, and for the voltage-controlled system of oxygen in 0.93~0.95MPa, oxygen supply intensity is 250~260m3/
h·t；Before playing slag, rifle position is improved according to fire door situation, quickly subtract oxygen, rifle position control exists in 100~120cm, the voltage-controlled system of oxygen
0.8~0.85MPa, oxygen supply intensity are 210~220m3/h·t。
6. slagging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the adjustment oxygen-supplying amount in the step d) are as follows: falling
Rifle time >=70 second are pressed in stokehold, and the control of pressure rifle rifle position is in 80~85cm, and the voltage-controlled system of oxygen is in 0.93~0.95Mpa, oxygen supply intensity control
System is in 250~260m3/h·t。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101177721A (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-14 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院 | Multifunctional composite refining agent for steel-smelting |
| CN101525678A (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2009-09-09 | 北京科技大学 | Method of replacing lime with limestone for slagging and producing steel in oxygen top blown converter |
| CN102864272A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-09 | 吉林建龙钢铁有限责任公司 | Calcite converter steelmaking method |
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2016
- 2016-10-17 CN CN201610903886.XA patent/CN106636533B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101177721A (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-14 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院 | Multifunctional composite refining agent for steel-smelting |
| CN101525678A (en) * | 2009-04-21 | 2009-09-09 | 北京科技大学 | Method of replacing lime with limestone for slagging and producing steel in oxygen top blown converter |
| CN102864272A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-09 | 吉林建龙钢铁有限责任公司 | Calcite converter steelmaking method |
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