CN106636514A - Online measurement device and method for temperature of large blast furnace molten iron - Google Patents
Online measurement device and method for temperature of large blast furnace molten iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN106636514A CN106636514A CN201610947283.XA CN201610947283A CN106636514A CN 106636514 A CN106636514 A CN 106636514A CN 201610947283 A CN201610947283 A CN 201610947283A CN 106636514 A CN106636514 A CN 106636514A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online measuring device and method for the temperature of large blast furnace molten iron and belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement of blast furnace molten iron. The online measuring device comprises an iron outlet channel, a slag skimmer, a molten iron temperature measuring unit and an information control collector, wherein a temperature measuring mechanism is fixedly connected with the top of the slag skimmer through a temperature measuring support; a rotating part is arranged at the top of the temperature measuring support; the other end of a horizontal telescopic rod is vertically provided with a vertical telescopic air cylinder; a temperature measuring gun is arranged at the tail end of the vertical telescopic air cylinder and is used for installation of a temperature thermocouple; a couple separation part is arranged at the top of the temperature measuring gun; and a thermocouple storage mechanism and a thermocouple fire extinguishing tank are arranged at the top of the slag skimmer. According to the online measuring device and method, the temperature measuring time is determined by calculating the effective tapping time, complicated production conditions that a tapping hole of a blast furnace is blocked, tapping of the tapping hole is suspended, and the blast furnace can not run smoothly are effectively handled, and the influence of subjective factors of operators is avoided, so that the online automatic measurement of the blast furnace molten iron is realized to cope with the complex production conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blast-melted thermometry field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature
On-line measurement apparatus and method.
Background technology
Blast furnace ironmaking is the important step in iron and steel production, is also most widely used iron-smelting process, blast furnace production process
In load iron ore, coke, slag making with flux (limestone) from furnace roof, be blown into along the air port in stove week from lower furnace preheated
Air.The carbon monoxide that carbon at high temperature in coke is generated with the oxygen burning blasted in air, will in uphill process in stove
Iron oxides reduction in Ore obtains molten iron, and the flux such as unreduced impurity and limestone is combined and generates slag in iron ore,
The high temperature liquid iron of Jing blast furnace processes is mixed with slag and flowed out by tapping hole.
In blast furnace ironmaking production process, crude fuel carries out redox reaction in blast furnace and generates molten iron, this process
Middle in-furnace temperature directly affects being normally carried out for blast furnace ironmaking, and the temperature in State of Blast Furnace is the ironmaking direct motion of reaction blast furnace inside
Important parameter, but because blast furnace internal temperature is higher, smelting condition is complicated, it is difficult to the temperature inside direct detection blast furnace, because
This existing technical staff judges blast furnace in-furnace temperature often through blast-melted temperature is detected.In order to adjust State of Blast Furnace
Condition and guarantee molten iron have suitable smelting condition in subsequent technique production process.Existing detection mode mainly has thermocouple
Direct temperature measurement and infrared thermometry：1) infrared detection mode, can only detect molten iron surface temperature, it is impossible to detect that molten iron inside is real
Border temperature so that data validity distortion is serious.Although 2) thermocouple temperature measurement can directly detect molten iron temperature, thermoelectricity
Even direct temperature measurement needs operator to hold thermocouple in cast house direct temperature measurement, and labor intensity of operating staff is big, temperature measurement data
Collection is not in time, it is difficult to realize real-time on-line measurement, because accident is more during blast furnace ironmaking, existing molten iron detection
Method is difficult to effectively tackle the complicated production process of blast furnace, it is impossible to accurate response in-furnace temperature so that the molten iron temperature of measurement
It is difficult to characterize the operation conditions of blast furnace；And temperature measurement data is directly subject to the subjectivities such as operating experience, the operation technique of operator
The impact of factor；The problems referred to above urgent need to resolve.
Jing patent retrievals, the method (Chinese Patent Application No. of molten iron temperature measurement in a kind of blast furnace crucibe：
201511020325.7, the applying date：2015.12.29), can first be assumed in cupola well according to blast furnace crucibe Three-dimensional Heat-transfer mechanism model
The temperature of molten iron, so as to realizing accurate to molten iron temperature in blast furnace crucibe and measuring in real time, but the method has still been difficult to
Effect ground, exactly detection blast furnace iron notch molten iron temperature, blast-melted temperature measuring equipment (China Patent No.：
ZL201110342024.1, applying date 2011.11.02) although molten iron temperature measuring equipment simple structure, low cost, thermometric are accurately,
It is difficult to carry out effective thermometric in the complicated production process of blast furnace.
The content of the invention
1. the invention technical problem to be solved
It is an object of the invention to overcome in prior art, existing molten iron measurement apparatus are difficult to tackle the complicated life of blast furnace
Occurrence condition, making it difficult to detect the problem of blast furnace iron notch molten iron temperature effectively, exactly, there is provided a kind of large blast furnace molten iron
The on-line measurement apparatus and method of temperature, for blast furnace complicated production condition provide effectively, online molten iron temperature detection method.
2. technical scheme
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：
A kind of molten iron temperature measuring unit of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, including temperature measuring mechanism, thermocouple storage machine
Structure and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove, described temperature measuring mechanism by being fixedly connected with the top of thermometric support and slag skimmer, the thermometric top of support
Portion is provided with rotary part, is provided with horizontal extension bar on described rotary part, rotary part can drive horizontal extension bar with
Rotate centered on thermometric support, the other end of horizontal extension bar it is vertical be provided with vertical telescopic cylinder, described is vertically flexible
The end of cylinder arranges temperature-measuring gun, and the temperature-measuring gun is used to install temperature thermocouple, and at the top of described temperature-measuring gun galvanic couple is provided with
Separating component, described thermocouple holding structure and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove is arranged at the top of slag skimmer.
Preferably, described galvanic couple separating component is slidably mounted on temperature-measuring gun, and galvanic couple separating component can be along thermometric
The length direction motion of rifle.
A kind of on-line measurement device of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, including iron tap channel, slag skimmer, molten iron thermometric
Unit and information control harvester, described iron tap channel one end is connected with the tapping hole of blast-furnace body, the other end of iron tap channel and
Slag skimmer is connected, and temperature-measuring port is provided with the dedusting cover plate at the top of slag skimmer, and cover plate is provided with described iron tap channel, described
Molten iron temperature measuring unit is arranged at slag skimmer top, and the molten iron temperature measuring unit is the molten iron temperature measuring unit of the claims, described
Molten iron temperature measuring unit and information control harvester electrically connect, described information controls harvester and can gather molten iron temperature measuring unit
Kinestate, and control molten iron temperature measuring unit and carry out thermometric operation.
Preferably, described thermocouple fire extinguishing groove is disposed in proximity to the side of temperature-measuring port, and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove is located at and surveys
Between warm support and temperature-measuring port.
A kind of on-line measurement system of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, including online temperature measuring equipment, clay gun, opening
Machine and cover carriage, described temperature measurement on-line device is the temperature measurement on-line device of the claims, the clay gun and opening seat in the plane
In the side of iron tap channel, described cover carriage is located at the opposite side of iron tap channel, described clay gun, tapping machine and cover carriage and information
Control harvester electrical connection, described information control harvester can gather the kinestate of clay gun, tapping machine and cover carriage.
A kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine tapping position, the positional information of clay gun, tapping machine and cover carriage is gathered, so that it is determined that position of tapping a blast furnace
Put, the input default thermometric time；
Step 2：Effective tapping duration is calculated, tapping machine returns to home position, and then cover carriage will tap a blast furnace on trench cover lid
Start recording tapping duration is tc, then calculates effective tapping duration Tc；
Step 3：Determine thermometric opportunity, when accumulative tapping duration reaches the default thermometric time or works as hand-operated temperature-measuring is collected
Signal, control temperature measuring equipment carry out thermometric；
Step 4：Measurement molten iron temperature, temperature measuring equipment control thermocouple measurement molten iron temperature.
Preferably, the concrete steps 1 of step 1 are：After cover carriage removes cover plate, the accumulative continuous rotation of collection tapping machine
The time of strike tapping hole is t1, as t1 >=5min, determines that the corresponding tapping hole of the tapping machine is the tapping hole that this taps a blast furnace,
The predetermined thermometric time is set for tmi；Work as t1<5min, then not can determine that this tapping hole position tapped a blast furnace.
Preferably, step 2 is concretely comprised the following steps：
If (2-1), blast fumance is smoothly, and tapping hole taps a blast furnace smoothness, then Tc=tc；
If (2-2) tapping hole taps a blast furnace not smooth, the tapping duration of tapping hole is t2 when sending supplementary opening information, is sent out
Cover carriage is again started up removing cover plate when message ceases, and tapping machine to rotate return to home position after the completion of strike tapping hole again,
Then cover carriage again resets cover plate；If t2 >=20min, effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2 is recorded, if t2<20min,
Then record effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2-10；
If (2-3) blast fumance has some setbacks, send cover carriage when blocking up information and be again started up removing cover plate, clay gun will tap a blast furnace
Mouth is blocked, and can be again turned in ferrum mouth continuing to tap a blast furnace after blast fumance is smooth, and cover carriage resets cover plate, information control harvester
It is t4 that cover plate is removed collection cover carriage the time interval for resetting again；The tapping duration for sending tapping hole when blocking up information is t3；
If t3 >=30min, if t4 >=25, Tc=tc-t3-t4；If 25>T4 >=15, then Tc=tc-t4-20；If t4<15, then Tc=
tc-t4-10；If t3<30min, if t4 >=15, Tc=tc-t3-t4；If t4<15, then Tc=tc-t3-t4+5.
Preferably, step 3 is concretely comprised the following steps：
(3-1) when without hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, Tc=tmiWhen, molten iron temperature measuring unit starts thermometric；
(3-2) when there is hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, then thermometric immediately, and to application when effectively tapping a blast furnace when recording hand-operated temperature-measuring
Between the time interval of first default point for measuring temperature after Ts, i.e. hand-operated temperature-measuring point and hand-operated temperature-measuring degree be t△, work as t△<When 10, then handss
First default point for measuring temperature no longer thermometric after dynamic thermometric, the normal thermometric of other points for measuring temperature；Work as t△When >=10, all default points for measuring temperature
Normal thermometric.
Preferably, step 4 measures concretely comprising the following steps for molten iron temperature：If information control harvester collects molten iron thermometric list
Thermocouple is installed on the temperature-measuring gun of unit, then molten iron temperature measuring unit direct drive thermocouple carries out molten iron thermometric；If information is controlled
Harvester is collected does not install thermocouple on the temperature-measuring gun of molten iron temperature measuring unit, then temperature-measuring gun first installs thermocouple, then molten iron
Temperature measuring unit drives thermocouple to carry out molten iron thermometric.
3. beneficial effect
The technical scheme provided using the present invention, compared with existing known technology, with following remarkable result：
(1) the on-line measurement device of a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the invention, when information control harvester is collected
During thermometric information, rotary part can drive horizontal extension bar to rotate centered on thermometric support, and horizontal extension bar drives temperature-measuring gun
Align with temperature-measuring port, vertical telescopic cylinder drives temperature-measuring gun vertical direction upper feeding, so as to carry out temperature survey to molten iron, it is to avoid
Operator subjective factorss affect, it is possible to achieve the accurate and effective measurement of molten iron temperature, for blast furnace casting during answer
Miscellaneous production status, devise reasonable, complete thermometric scheme, when different situations are run into during blast furnace casting, the present invention
Detection means automatically adjust the detection scheme of molten iron temperature so that the detection means of the present invention can effectively tackle blast furnace casting
During complicated production situation, and can it is accurate and effective, it is automatic detection tap a blast furnace during molten iron temperature, with effective earth's surface
Levy the reaction condition inside blast furnace；
(2) the on-line measurement device of a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the invention, the first fire extinguishing groove and the second fire extinguishing groove
For the arcuate groove being symmetrically set, complete cylindrical slot is constituted after the first fire extinguishing groove and the second fire extinguishing groove combination, and first goes out
Fiery groove and the second fire extinguishing groove can move toward one another or opposite motion on fire extinguishing base, at the end of thermometric, the first fire extinguishing groove and the
Two fire extinguishing grooves are moved opposite to each other, so as to increase spacing between the two, are easy to temperature-measuring gun to drive thermocouple to move to the first fire extinguishing groove
And second between fire extinguishing groove, then the first fire extinguishing groove and the second fire extinguishing and clamps thermocouple groove move toward one another, so as to by thermoelectricity
Even anoxybiotic fire extinguishing；
(3) On-line Measuring Method of a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the invention, designs complete blast-melted temperature
Detection scheme, it is first determined tapping position, secondly calculates effective tapping duration, then determines thermometric opportunity, finally measures ferrum
Coolant-temperature gage, can effectively tackle the complicated production situations such as blast furnace iron notch is blocked up, ferrum mouth time-out taps a blast furnace, operation of blast furnace has some setbacks, and
According to different production status adjust automatically detection schemes, it is to avoid operator's subjective factorss affect, and realize blast-melted
On-line automatic measurement, to tackle blast furnace casting during complicated production status.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the fit structure schematic diagram of the temperature-measuring gun and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the On-line Measuring Method of the large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention.
Label declaration in schematic diagram：
100th, iron tap channel；200th, slag skimmer；210th, temperature-measuring port；300th, molten iron temperature measuring unit；310th, temperature measuring mechanism；311st, survey
Warm support；312nd, rotary part；313rd, horizontal extension bar；314th, vertical telescopic cylinder；315th, galvanic couple separating component；316th, thermometric
Rifle；320th, thermocouple holding structure；321st, storage tank；330th, thermocouple fire extinguishing groove；331st, the first fire extinguishing groove；332nd, the second fire extinguishing
Groove；333rd, fire extinguishing base；400th, information control harvester；510th, blast-furnace body；520th, clay gun；530th, tapping machine；540th, lid is taken off
Machine.
Specific embodiment
Hereafter accompanying drawing with reference to the detailed description of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the accompanying drawing forms of description
Point, show enforceable exemplary embodiment of the invention as an example in the figure.Although these exemplary embodiment quilts
Fully describe in detail so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention, it is to be understood that be capable of achieving other embodiment and
Can without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to the present invention various changes can be made.Hereafter to embodiments of the invention
More detailed description is not limited to required the scope of the present invention, and does not limit just to being illustrated and right
Of the invention the characteristics of and the description of feature, to propose to perform the best mode of the present invention, and are sufficient so that those skilled in the art
The present invention can be implemented.Therefore, the scope of the invention is only defined by the appended claims.
Hereafter detailed description of the present invention and example embodiment can combine accompanying drawing to more fully understand, wherein the present invention
Element and feature are identified by reference.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of molten iron temperature measuring unit of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the invention, including temperature measuring machine
Structure 310, thermocouple holding structure 320 and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove 330, described temperature measuring mechanism 310 is by thermometric support 311 and slash
The top of slag device 200 is fixedly connected with, and the top of thermometric support 311 is provided with rotary part 312, sets on described rotary part 312
Horizontal extension bar 313 is equipped with, rotary part 312 can drive horizontal extension bar 313 to rotate centered on thermometric support 311, level
The other end of expansion link 313 it is vertical be provided with vertical telescopic cylinder 314, the end of described vertical telescopic cylinder 314 is arranged
Temperature-measuring gun 316, the temperature-measuring gun 316 is used to install temperature thermocouple, and horizontal extension bar 313 can drive temperature-measuring gun 316 along water
Square to motion, vertical telescopic cylinder 314 can drive the vertical direction upper feeding of temperature-measuring gun 316, so as to realize moving temperature-measuring gun 316
Move to specified location and thermocouple is installed, after the completion of the installation of TC, temperature-measuring gun 316 drives thermocouple to be moved to the temperature-measuring port specified
210 carry out molten iron temperature detection.
The top of the temperature-measuring gun 316 of the present invention is provided with galvanic couple separating component 315, and galvanic couple separating component 315 is slidably installed
On temperature-measuring gun 316, motor is provided with galvanic couple separating component 315, motor can drive the phase of galvanic couple separating component 315
For temperature-measuring gun 316 moves vertically, when before thermometric thermocouple is fixed positioned on temperature-measuring gun 316, galvanic couple separating component 315 to
Upper motion simultaneously contacts with vertical telescopic cylinder 314, and thermometric terminates rear galvanic couple separating component 315 and moves downward a segment distance, will
Thermocouple is partially separated with temperature-measuring gun 316, and test temperature display instrument is not in displays temperature registration, if now galvanic couple separating component
315 continue to move downward, then thermocouple will be kept completely separate with temperature-measuring gun 316, and thermocouple will slide from temperature-measuring gun 316.
The thermocouple holding structure 320 and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove 330 of the present invention is arranged at the top of slag skimmer 200, wherein
Storage tank 321 is provided with thermocouple holding structure 320, storage tank 321 is used to deposit standby thermocouple, and thermocouple is deposited
Digital signal processor is provided with mechanism 320, also known as dsp system, such that it is able to constantly count storage tank 321 in thermocouple
Quantity, starts to report to the police when the thermocouple quantity in depositing storage tank 321 is less than 1, and reminds operator to lay thermocouple.
A kind of on-line measurement device of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, including iron tap channel 100, slag skimmer 200, ferrum
Water temperature measuring unit 300 and information control harvester 400, the tapping hole phase of described one end of iron tap channel 100 and blast-furnace body 510
Even, the other end of iron tap channel 100 is connected with slag skimmer 200, and on the dedusting cover plate at the top of slag skimmer 200 temperature-measuring port 210 is provided with,
Temperature-measuring port 210 is located at the impact that the top of slag skimmer 200 is conducive to avoiding slag to measuring molten iron temperature.The iron tap channel of the present invention
Cover plate is provided with 100, molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 is arranged at the top of slag skimmer 200, and the top of slag skimmer 200 is provided with support,
Molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 is provided with frame, the molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 is above-mentioned molten iron temperature measuring unit, described molten iron is surveyed
Warm unit 300 is electrically connected with information control harvester 400, and described information control harvester 400 can gather molten iron temperature measuring unit
300 kinestate, and control molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 and carry out thermometric operation, thermometric operation includes that temperature-measuring gun 316 is moved to and deposits
Putting the installation thermocouple of groove 321, temperature-measuring gun 316 drives thermocouple to be moved to the determination thermometric opportunity of temperature-measuring port 210, electricity after the completion of thermometric
Even separating component 315 partly or completely separates thermocouple with temperature-measuring gun 316, and thermocouple is moved to thermoelectricity by temperature-measuring gun 316
Even fire extinguishing groove 330 carries out fire-extinguishing operations.
As shown in figure 3, wherein thermocouple fire extinguishing groove 330 includes the first fire extinguishing groove 331, second fire extinguishing groove 332 and fire extinguishing bottom
Seat 333, the first fire extinguishing fire extinguishing groove 332 of groove 331 and second is installed on fire extinguishing base 333, the first described fire extinguishing groove 331 and second
Fire extinguishing groove 332 is the arcuate groove being symmetrically set, and constitutes after the first fire extinguishing fire extinguishing combination of groove 332 of groove 331 and second complete
Cylindrical slot, and the first fire extinguishing fire extinguishing of groove 331 and second groove 332 can work as survey in move toward one another or the opposite motion on base 333 of putting out a fire
At the end of temperature, the first fire extinguishing fire extinguishing groove 332 of groove 331 and second is moved opposite to each other, so as to increase spacing between the two, is easy to thermometric
Rifle 316 drives thermocouple to move between the first fire extinguishing groove 331 and the second fire extinguishing groove 332, then the first fire extinguishing groove 331 and second
The fire extinguishing move toward one another of groove 332 simultaneously clamps thermocouple, so as to thermocouple anoxybiotic be put out a fire.Thermocouple fire extinguishing groove 330 is arranged at and leans on
The closely side of temperature-measuring port 210, and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove 330 is located between thermometric support 311 and temperature-measuring port 210, and thermocouple goes out
The center of fiery groove 330, thermometric support 311 and temperature-measuring port 210 is on same straight line.
The present invention a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature on-line measurement system, including online temperature measuring equipment, clay gun 520,
Tapping machine 530 and cover carriage 540, described temperature measurement on-line device is above-mentioned temperature measurement on-line device, the clay gun 520 and opening
Machine 530 is located at the side of iron tap channel 100, and cover carriage 540 is located at the opposite side of iron tap channel 100, described clay gun 520, tapping machine
530 and cover carriage 540 and information control harvester 400 electrically connect, described information control harvester 400 can gather clay gun 520,
The kinestate of tapping machine 530 and cover carriage 540.Tapping machine 530 is used to open tapping hole during tapping a blast furnace, and clay gun 520 is used
In tapping hole is blocked up, cover carriage 540 is used to during tapping hole the cover plate on iron tap channel 100 is removed or resetted, so as to for
Tapping machine 530 is open and clay gun 520 is blocked up provides space.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine tapping position, large blast furnace typically possesses multiple tapping holes, therefore in the mistake of measurement molten iron temperature
Cheng Qian typically will first determine the tapping hole for this time tapping a blast furnace, and gather the positional information of clay gun 520, tapping machine 530 and cover carriage 540,
After cover carriage 540 removes cover plate, the time for gathering the accumulative continuous rotation strike tapping hole of tapping machine 530 is t1, when t1 >=
During 5min, determine that the corresponding tapping hole of cover carriage 540 is the tapping hole that this taps a blast furnace, the predetermined thermometric time is set for tmi；When
t1<5min, then not can determine that this tapping hole position tapped a blast furnace；
Step 2：Effective tapping duration is calculated, after determining tapping position, tapping machine 530 returns to home position, then takes off lid
It is tc that the cover plate of iron tap channel 100 is covered start recording tapping duration by machine 540, what deserves to be explained is tc is a dynamic time,
Its start from the cover plate lid of iron tap channel 100 accumulate time up to tapping a blast furnace stop recording of formally terminate, wherein during tapping a blast furnace by
When blast fumance does not smoothly cause time-out to tap a blast furnace, tc does not stop timing, and only when the tapping hole, this taps a blast furnace and just stop completely
Only record tc；Effective tapping duration Tc is then calculated, wherein Tc is the function with regard to tc；
If (2-1), blast fumance is smoothly, and tapping hole taps a blast furnace smoothness, then Tc=tc；
If (2-2) tapping hole taps a blast furnace not smooth, need to carry out supplementary opening to tapping hole, when sending supplementary opening information
The tapping duration of tapping hole is t2, and cover carriage 540 is again started up removing cover plate when sending opening information, and tapping machine 530 is again
Home position is returned to after the completion of rotation strike tapping hole, then cover carriage 540 again resets cover plate；If t2 >=20min, remember
Effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2 is recorded, if t2<20min, then record effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2-10；This time, tapping machine
530 again rotation strike tapping hole in order to tapping hole is dredged again, so as to tap a blast furnace offer guarantee for tapping hole smoothness；
If (2-3) blast fumance has some setbacks, need to block tapping hole and suspend and tap a blast furnace, send cover carriage 540 when blocking up information
It is again started up removing cover plate, clay gun 520 blocks tapping hole, ferrum mouth can be again turned on continuing after blast fumance is smooth
Ferrum, cover carriage 540 resets cover plate, and the information control collection cover carriage 540 of harvester 400 removed cover plate between the time for resetting again
It is divided into t4；The tapping duration for sending tapping hole when blocking up information is t3；
If t3 >=30min, if t4 >=25, Tc=tc-t3-t4；If 25>T4 >=15, then Tc=tc-t4-20；If t4<
15, then Tc=tc-t4-10；If t3<30min, if t4 >=15, Tc=tc-t3-t4；If t4<15, then Tc=tc-t3-t4+
5。
Step 3：Determine thermometric opportunity, when accumulative tapping duration reaches the default thermometric time or works as hand-operated temperature-measuring is collected
Signal, control temperature measuring equipment carry out thermometric；
(3-1) when without hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, Tc=tmiWhen, molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 starts thermometric；
(3-2) when there is hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, then thermometric immediately, and to application when effectively tapping a blast furnace when recording hand-operated temperature-measuring
Between the time interval of first default point for measuring temperature after Ts, i.e. hand-operated temperature-measuring point and hand-operated temperature-measuring degree be t△, work as t△<When 10, then handss
First default point for measuring temperature no longer thermometric after dynamic thermometric, the normal thermometric of other points for measuring temperature；Work as t△When >=10, all default points for measuring temperature
Normal thermometric.
Step 4：Measurement molten iron temperature
If information control harvester 400 is collected is provided with thermocouple on temperature-measuring gun 316, temperature-measuring gun 316 is directly by warm
Galvanic couple is compressed, and then drives thermocouple to insert by temperature-measuring port 210, carries out molten iron thermometric；If information control harvester 400 is collected
Thermocouple is not installed, then temperature-measuring gun 316 is moved to thermocouple holding structure 320 and installs thermocouple, then thermometric on temperature-measuring gun 316
Rifle 316 drives thermocouple to insert by temperature-measuring port 210, carries out molten iron thermometric；
If (4-1) thermocouple measures molten iron temperature between 1250-1600 DEG C, the normal thermometric of thermocouple is represented, thermometric is complete
Into rear thermocouple is lifted rapidly, fire extinguishing process is carried out to thermocouple, and thermocouple is reclaimed, be that next thermometric is standby,
This time thermometric terminates；Wherein described fire extinguishing is processed as：Thermometric terminates rear galvanic couple separating component 315 and moves downward a segment distance,
Move distance is 1-2cm, so that thermocouple is partially separated with temperature-measuring gun 316, when thermocouple is partially separated with temperature-measuring gun 316
When, temperature-measuring gun 316 carries out thermometric, the first fire extinguishing fire extinguishing groove of groove 331 and second when reusing by directly thermocouple is compressed
332 opposite motions, so as to increase spacing between the two, are easy to temperature-measuring gun 316 to drive thermocouple to move to the first fire extinguishing groove 331
And second between fire extinguishing groove 332, then the first fire extinguishing fire extinguishing of groove 331 and second and clamps thermocouple the move toward one another of groove 332, from
And thermocouple anoxybiotic is put out a fire；
If (4-2) thermocouple measures molten iron temperature and thermometric registration is shown not between 1250-1600 DEG C or not, then it represents that
Thermometric exception, rapidly lifts thermocouple after the completion of thermometric, and galvanic couple separating component 315 moves downward 5-15cm, so that hot
Galvanic couple is kept completely separate with temperature-measuring gun 316, and thermocouple is discarded, and then temperature-measuring gun 316 is moved to thermocouple holding structure 320,
Temperature-measuring gun 316 reinstalls thermocouple, and replication molten iron temperature, until the normal thermometric of thermocouple.
Certainly, in step 1：Determine tapping position, step 2：Calculate effective tapping duration, step 3：Determine thermometric opportunity and
Step 4：During measurement molten iron temperature, when operator have found mistake, information can be manually entered and tapped a blast furnace to determine
Position, the effective tapping duration of adjustment, modification thermometric opportunity；To prevent the generation of accident.
Embodiment 1
A kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine tapping position, gather the positional information of clay gun 520, tapping machine 530 and cover carriage 540, when taking off lid
After machine 540 removes cover plate, the time for gathering the accumulative continuous rotation strike tapping hole of tapping machine 530 is t1=10min, works as t1=
During 10 >=5min, determine that the corresponding tapping hole of cover carriage 540 is the tapping hole that this taps a blast furnace, arranging predetermined thermometric time is
tmi, wherein tm1=60, tm2=80, tm3=100min；Reaching 60,80 and 100min in effective tapping duration carries out thermometric；
Step 2：Effective tapping duration is calculated, after determining tapping position, tapping machine 530 returns to home position, then takes off lid
The cover plate of iron tap channel 100 is covered start recording tapping duration for tc by machine 540；Effective tapping duration Tc is then calculated, wherein Tc is
With regard to the function of tc；Smoothly, tapping hole taps a blast furnace smoothness blast fumance, then Tc=tc；
Step 3：Determine thermometric opportunity, when accumulative tapping duration reaches the default thermometric time or works as hand-operated temperature-measuring is collected
Signal, control temperature measuring equipment carry out thermometric；During without hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, the first point for measuring temperature, ferrum are reached during Tc=tc=60min
Water temperature measuring unit 300 starts first time thermometric；
Step 4：Measurement molten iron temperature, information control harvester 400 collects and thermocouple is provided with temperature-measuring gun 316, surveys
Warm rifle 316 directly compresses thermocouple, then drives thermocouple to insert by temperature-measuring port 210, carries out molten iron thermometric, and records thermometric
Numerical value.Information control harvester 400 collects and thermocouple is provided with temperature-measuring gun 316, and temperature-measuring gun 316 is directly by thermocouple pressure
Tightly, then drive thermocouple to insert by temperature-measuring port 210, carry out molten iron thermometric, and record thermometric numerical value.And the molten iron temperature for measuring
For 1490 DEG C, thermocouple measures molten iron temperature between 1250-1600 DEG C, represents the normal thermometric of thermocouple, fast after the completion of thermometric
Speed lifts thermocouple, and to thermocouple fire extinguishing process is carried out, and thermocouple is reclaimed, and is that next thermometric is standby, this time surveys
Temperature terminates.
Then tc=80 and 100min, carries out respectively second and third time thermometric, and thermometric numerical value is 1440 DEG C and 1430 DEG C.
So as to accurately and fast detect the molten iron temperature during blast furnace casting, effectively to react the temperature in State of Blast Furnace and smelting
Situation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine tapping position, gather the positional information of clay gun 520, tapping machine 530 and cover carriage 540, when taking off lid
After machine 540 removes cover plate, the time for gathering the accumulative continuous rotation strike tapping hole of tapping machine 530 is t1=10, works as t1=10
During >=5min, determine that the corresponding tapping hole of cover carriage 540 is the tapping hole that this taps a blast furnace, the predetermined thermometric time is set for tmi,
Wherein tm1=60, tm2=80, tm3=100；Reaching 60,80 and 100min in effective tapping duration carries out thermometric；
Step 2：Effective tapping duration is calculated, after determining tapping position, tapping machine 530 returns to home position, then takes off lid
The cover plate of iron tap channel 100 is covered start recording tapping duration for tc by machine 540；Effective tapping duration Tc is then calculated, wherein Tc is
With regard to the function of tc；Tapping hole taps a blast furnace not smooth, then need to carry out supplementary opening to tapping hole, goes out when sending supplementary opening information
The tapping duration of ferrum mouth is t2=25min, and cover carriage 540 is again started up removing cover plate when sending opening information, tapping machine 530
Again home position is returned to after the completion of rotation strike tapping hole, then cover carriage 540 again resets cover plate；If t2=25 >=
20min, then record effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2=tc-25min；
Step 3：Determine thermometric opportunity, when accumulative tapping duration reaches the default thermometric time or works as hand-operated temperature-measuring is collected
Signal, control temperature measuring equipment carry out thermometric；During without hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, during Tc=tc-25=60min, molten iron temperature measuring unit
300 start thermometric, i.e. the first point for measuring temperature is reached during tc=85min, and molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 starts first time thermometric；
Step 4：Measurement molten iron temperature, information control harvester 400 collects and thermocouple is provided with temperature-measuring gun 316, surveys
Warm rifle 316 moves downward 5cm, directly compresses thermocouple, then drives thermocouple to insert by temperature-measuring port 210, carries out molten iron survey
Temperature, and record thermometric numerical value.And the molten iron temperature for measuring be 1510 DEG C, thermocouple measure molten iron temperature 1250-1600 DEG C it
Between, the normal thermometric of thermocouple is represented, after the completion of thermometric thermocouple is lifted rapidly, fire extinguishing process is carried out to thermocouple, and to heat
Galvanic couple is reclaimed, and is that next thermometric is standby, and this time thermometric terminates.
Then as Tc=tc-25=80,100min, i.e. during tc=105 and 125min, molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 starts
Second thermometric and third time thermometric.But, as tc=100min, operation of blast furnace exception is found, now Tc=tc-25=
75min<80min, not yet reaches the opportunity of second thermometric, and operator's manual operation, repeat step 3 enters (3-2) behaviour
Make, when having hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, then thermometric immediately, the molten iron temperature for measuring is 1480 DEG C；And to application when recording hand-operated temperature-measuring
Effective tapping duration Ts=tc-25=100-25=75min, i.e. tm1<Ts<tm2, i.e. hand-operated temperature-measuring point Ts and hand-operated temperature-measuring degree
First default point for measuring temperature (the i.e. t of the present embodiment afterwardsm2=80min) time interval be t△=tm2- Ts=80-75=5min<
10min, then the first default point for measuring temperature after hand-operated temperature-measuring no longer thermometric, i.e. Tc=tc-25=80min when, draw tc=85min
When the second point for measuring temperature no longer thermometric, during the tc=125min of the normal thermometric, i.e. the present embodiment of other points for measuring temperature, the 3rd point for measuring temperature
Third time thermometric is normally carried out, the molten iron temperature for measuring is 1520 DEG C.
The production process complicated such that it is able to tackle blast furnace, effectively to react the temperature in State of Blast Furnace and smelting situation,
Strong guarantee is provided for smooth operation of furnace, production.
Embodiment 3
A kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature of the present invention, step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine tapping position, gather the positional information of clay gun 520, tapping machine 530 and cover carriage 540, when taking off lid
After machine 540 removes cover plate, the time for gathering the accumulative continuous rotation strike tapping hole of tapping machine 530 is t1=8min, works as t1=
During 10 >=5min, determine that the corresponding tapping hole of cover carriage 540 is the tapping hole that this taps a blast furnace, arranging predetermined thermometric time is
tmi, wherein tm1=60min；Reaching 60min in effective tapping duration carries out thermometric；
Step 2：Effective tapping duration is calculated, after determining tapping position, tapping machine 530 returns to home position, then takes off lid
The cover plate of iron tap channel 100 is covered start recording tapping duration for tc by machine 540；Effective tapping duration Tc is then calculated, wherein Tc is
With regard to the function of tc；Blast fumance has some setbacks, then need to block tapping hole and suspend and tap a blast furnace, and sends when blocking up information cover carriage 540 again
Secondary startup removes cover plate, and clay gun 520 blocks tapping hole, can be again turned in ferrum mouth continuing to tap a blast furnace after blast fumance is smooth,
Cover carriage 540 resets cover plate, and cover plate is removed the information control collection cover carriage 540 of harvester 400 time interval for resetting again
For t4=18min；The tapping duration for sending tapping hole when blocking up information is t3=35；If t3=35 >=30min, if 25>T4=
18min >=15, then Tc=tc-t4-20=tc-38min；
Step 3：Determine thermometric opportunity, when accumulative tapping duration reaches the default thermometric time or works as hand-operated temperature-measuring is collected
Signal, control temperature measuring equipment carry out thermometric；During without hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, during Tc=tc-38=60min, molten iron temperature measuring unit
300 start thermometric, i.e. during tc=98min, molten iron temperature measuring unit 300 starts thermometric；
Step 4：Measurement molten iron temperature, information control harvester 400 is collected does not install thermocouple on temperature-measuring gun 316, then
Temperature-measuring gun 316 is moved to thermocouple holding structure 320 and installs thermocouple, and then temperature-measuring gun 316 drives thermocouple to insert by thermometric
Mouth 210, carries out molten iron thermometric；And record thermometric numerical value.And the molten iron temperature for measuring is 1210 DEG C, thermocouple measures molten iron temperature
Not between 1250-1600 DEG C, represent that thermocouple temperature measurement is abnormal, rapidly lift thermocouple after the completion of thermometric, galvanic couple is separated
Part 315 is moved downward, so that thermocouple is kept completely separate with temperature-measuring gun 316, and thermocouple is discarded, then temperature-measuring gun
316 are moved to thermocouple holding structure 320, and temperature-measuring gun 316 is reinstalled thermocouple, and replication molten iron temperature, surveyed again
It is 1450 DEG C to obtain molten iron temperature, represents the normal thermometric of thermocouple, rapidly lifts thermocouple after the completion of thermometric, and thermocouple is carried out
Fire extinguishing is processed, and thermocouple is reclaimed, and is that next thermometric is standby, and this time thermometric terminates.
The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with specific exemplary embodiment.It is understood, however, that can not take off
Various modifications and variations are carried out in the case of the scope of the present invention being defined by the following claims.Detailed description and drawings
Should be to be considered only as it is illustrative and not restrictive, if there is any such modification and modification, then they all will
Fall in the scope of the present invention described here.Additionally, background technology is intended to illustrate the Development Status and meaning of this technology,
It is not intended to limit the application of the present invention or the application and the present invention.
Although more specifically, here has been described with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not limited in
These embodiments, but including those skilled in the art according to above detailed description it can be appreciated that it is modified, omit,
Any and whole embodiments of (such as between each embodiment) combination, adaptive change and/or replacement.In claim
Restriction can widely be explained according to the language used in claim, and be not limited in foregoing detailed description or in reality
The example described during applying this application, these examples are considered as nonexcludability.For example, in the present invention, term is " preferred
Ground " not exclusively, preferably, here it means that " but be not restricted to that ".Where method or process claims in office
In any step for enumerating can in any order perform and be not limited to the order proposed in claim.Therefore, the present invention
Scope only should be determined by claims and its legal equivalents, rather than by descriptions and examples given above come
It is determined that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of molten iron temperature measuring unit of large blast furnace molten iron temperature, it is characterised in that including temperature measuring mechanism (310), thermocouple
Holding structure (320) and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove (330), described temperature measuring mechanism (310) is by thermometric support (311) and slag skimmer
(200) it is fixedly connected with the top of, thermometric support (311) top is provided with rotary part (312), described rotary part (312)
On be provided with horizontal extension bar (313), rotary part (312) can be driven during horizontal extension bar (313) is with thermometric support (311)
The heart is rotated, the other end of horizontal extension bar (313) it is vertical be provided with vertical telescopic cylinder (314), described vertically flexible gas
The end of cylinder (314) arranges temperature-measuring gun (316), and the temperature-measuring gun (316) is for installing temperature thermocouple, described temperature-measuring gun
(316) it is provided with galvanic couple separating component (315) at the top of, described thermocouple holding structure (320) and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove
(330) it is arranged at the top of slag skimmer (200).
2. the molten iron temperature measuring unit of a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Galvanic couple separating component (315) is slidably mounted on temperature-measuring gun (316), and galvanic couple separating component (315) can be along temperature-measuring gun (316)
Length direction motion.
3. a kind of on-line measurement device of large blast furnace molten iron temperature, it is characterised in that including iron tap channel (100), slag skimmer
(200), molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) and information control harvester (400), described iron tap channel (100) one end and blast-furnace body
(510) tapping hole is connected, and the other end of iron tap channel (100) is connected with slag skimmer (200), the dedusting at the top of slag skimmer (200)
Temperature-measuring port (210) is provided with cover plate, cover plate, described molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) are provided with described iron tap channel (100)
It is arranged at slag skimmer (200) top, the molten iron temperature measuring unit of the molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) described in claim 1 or 2, institute
The molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) stated is electrically connected with information control harvester (400), described information control harvester (400) energy
Gathering the kinestate of molten iron temperature measuring unit (300), and control molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) carries out thermometric operation.
4. the on-line measurement device of a kind of large blast furnace molten iron temperature according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described
Thermocouple fire extinguishing groove (330) is disposed in proximity to the side of temperature-measuring port (210), and thermocouple fire extinguishing groove (330) positioned at thermometric support
(311) and temperature-measuring port (210) between.
5. a kind of on-line measurement system of large blast furnace molten iron temperature, it is characterised in that including online temperature measuring equipment, clay gun
(520), tapping machine (530) and cover carriage (540), described temperature measurement on-line device is the online survey of any one of claim 3 or 4
Warm device, the clay gun (520) and tapping machine (530) are located at positioned at the side of iron tap channel (100), described cover carriage (540)
The opposite side of iron tap channel (100), described clay gun (520), tapping machine (530) and cover carriage (540) control harvester with information
(400) electrically connect, described information control harvester (400) can gather clay gun (520), tapping machine (530) and cover carriage (540)
Kinestate.
6. a kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine tapping position, gather the positional information of clay gun (520), tapping machine (530) and cover carriage (540), so as to
Determine tapping position, input default thermometric time；
Step 2：Effective tapping duration is calculated, tapping machine (530) returns to home position, then cover carriage (540) is by iron tap channel
(100) it is tc that cover plate covers start recording tapping duration, then calculates effective tapping duration Tc；
Step 3：Thermometric opportunity is determined, when accumulative tapping duration reaches the default thermometric time or when the letter for collecting hand-operated temperature-measuring
Number, control temperature measuring equipment carries out thermometric；
Step 4：Measurement molten iron temperature, temperature measuring equipment control thermocouple measurement molten iron temperature.
7. a kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 1
Concrete steps 1 be：After cover carriage (540) removes cover plate, the accumulative continuous rotation strike tapping hole of collection tapping machine (530)
Time be t1, as t1 >=5min, determine that the corresponding tapping hole of tapping machine (530) is the tapping hole that this taps a blast furnace, arrange
The predetermined thermometric time is tmi；Work as t1<5min, then not can determine that this tapping hole position tapped a blast furnace.
8. a kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 2
Concretely comprise the following steps：
If (2-1), blast fumance is smoothly, and tapping hole taps a blast furnace smoothness, then Tc=tc；
If (2-2) tapping hole taps a blast furnace not smooth, the tapping duration of tapping hole is t2 when sending supplementary opening information, sends opening letter
Cover carriage (540) is again started up removing cover plate during breath, and tapping machine (530) rotates to hit again and return to after the completion of tapping hole original
Position, then cover carriage (540) cover plate is resetted again；If t2 >=20min, effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2 is recorded, if
t2<20min, then record effective tapping duration Tc=tc-t2-10；
If (2-3) blast fumance has some setbacks, send cover carriage when blocking up information (540) and be again started up removing cover plate, clay gun (520)
Tapping hole is blocked, ferrum mouth can be again turned on continuing to tap a blast furnace after blast fumance is smooth, cover carriage (540) resets cover plate, believed
It is t4 that breath controls harvester (400) collection cover carriage (540) and cover plate is removed the time interval for resetting again；Send when blocking up information
The tapping duration of tapping hole is t3；
If t3 >=30min, if t4 >=25, Tc=tc-t3-t4；If 25>T4 >=15, then Tc=tc-t4-20；If t4<15, then
Tc=tc-t4-10；If t3<30min, if t4 >=15, Tc=tc-t3-t4；If t4<15, then Tc=tc-t3-t4+5.
9. a kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 3
Concretely comprise the following steps：
(3-1) when without hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, Tc=tmiWhen, molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) starts thermometric；
(3-2) when there is hand-operated temperature-measuring signal, then thermometric immediately, and effective tapping duration when recording hand-operated temperature-measuring to applying
The time interval of the first default point for measuring temperature after Ts, i.e. hand-operated temperature-measuring point and hand-operated temperature-measuring degree is t△, work as t△<When 10, then manually
First default point for measuring temperature no longer thermometric after thermometric, the normal thermometric of other points for measuring temperature；Work as t△When >=10, all default points for measuring temperature are just
Normal thermometric.
10. a kind of On-line Measuring Method of large blast furnace molten iron temperature according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 4
Measure concretely comprising the following steps for molten iron temperature：If information control harvester (400) collects the temperature-measuring gun of molten iron temperature measuring unit (300)
(316) thermocouple is installed, then molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) direct drive thermocouple carries out molten iron thermometric on；If information is controlled
Harvester (400) to be collected and do not install thermocouple on the temperature-measuring gun (316) of molten iron temperature measuring unit (300), then temperature-measuring gun (316) is first
Thermocouple is installed, then molten iron temperature measuring unit (300) drives thermocouple to carry out molten iron thermometric.
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| CN109029737A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-18 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of intelligent vision localization method of thermometric sampling |
| CN112113677A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 | Neodymium iron boron smelting temperature measuring device and method |
| CN112484503A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-12 | 交城义望铁合金有限责任公司 | Device for transporting hot melting slag |
| CN113201611A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-03 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Method for judging temperature change trend in blast furnace ironmaking |
| CN113832276A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for intelligent iron blocking port of blast furnace tapping |
| CN114854919A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-05 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Device for quickly judging temperature of vanadium-titanium ore blast furnace |
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| CN113832276A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for intelligent iron blocking port of blast furnace tapping |
| CN113832276B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-12-16 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for intelligent iron blocking port of blast furnace tapping |
| CN112113677A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 | Neodymium iron boron smelting temperature measuring device and method |
| CN112484503A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-12 | 交城义望铁合金有限责任公司 | Device for transporting hot melting slag |
| CN113201611A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-03 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Method for judging temperature change trend in blast furnace ironmaking |
| CN114854919A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-05 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Device for quickly judging temperature of vanadium-titanium ore blast furnace |
| CN114854919B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-01-30 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Device for quickly judging smelting furnace temperature of vanadium titanium ore blast furnace |
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