CN106636221B - Acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw material - Google Patents
Acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw material Download PDFInfo
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017858 demethylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010520 demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
An acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw materials belongs to the field of alcohol production, and comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning the raw materials; (2) the raw materials are crushed by a wet method to obtain slurry; (3) low-temperature cooking of the raw materials; cooking the raw material slurry at 90-100 ℃ for 2.5-3 h to obtain liquefied mash; (4) saccharifying; adding 0.1-0.3 kg of saccharifying enzyme into each cubic meter of liquefied mash, and saccharifying at 56-60 ℃ for 50-60 min to obtain saccharified mash; (5) performing acid-free fermentation; adding yeast according to 0.01-0.1% of the weight of the raw materials, and fermenting at 31-33 ℃ for 50-60 h to obtain mature mash; (6) distilling to obtain edible alcohol; (7) adsorbing by a molecular sieve to obtain the absolute alcohol. The acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using the starchy raw material shortens the fermentation time, effectively inhibits or interferes the breeding of bacteria, performs acid-free fermentation, and can improve the fermentation rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alcohol production, in particular to an acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy materials.
Background
In the traditional alcohol fermentation process, methods such as acidification by adding sulfuric acid, heating sterilization and the like are generally adopted to inhibit mixed bacteria. The heating sterilization can kill the mixed bacteria, but needs to increase equipment, consumes a large amount of steam, has higher operation cost, is easy to cause the loss of sugar, and is rarely adopted. Most of the existing alcohol production processes adopt an acid acidification method, and the pH value of mash is adjusted to 3.2-3.8 by sulfuric acid to inhibit the growth of mixed bacteria. The use amount of the sulfuric acid is large, so that equipment is corroded, the sulfate radical content of the waste liquid is increased, and the environmental protection treatment difficulty is increased; meanwhile, the low pH value can also be unfavorable for the growth and propagation of the yeast. In addition, sulfuric acid is a very dangerous corrosive product, and poses a threat to the personal safety of operators.
The existing acid-free fermentation technology has long fermentation time, long process cycle and low production benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, there is a need for an acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol from starchy materials, which does not require the addition of sulfuric acid during the fermentation process, and which has a short fermentation time and an improved fermentation rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw materials comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the raw materials;
(2) carrying out wet grinding on the raw materials to obtain slurry;
(3) low-temperature cooking of the raw materials;
heating and cooking the slurry of the raw material obtained in the step (2), wherein the cooking temperature is 90-100 ℃, the cooking time is 2.5-3 h, and obtaining liquefied mash after cooking and liquefaction;
(4) saccharifying;
cooling the liquefied mash obtained in the step (3) to below 60 ℃, then sending the cooled liquefied mash into a saccharification tank, adding 0.1-0.3 kg of saccharifying enzyme into each cubic meter of liquefied mash, keeping the saccharification temperature at 56-60 ℃, and saccharifying for 50-60 min to obtain saccharified mash;
(5) performing acid-free fermentation;
cooling the saccharified mash obtained in the step (4) to below 33 ℃, then feeding the saccharified mash into a fermentation tank, adding yeast according to 0.01-0.1% of the weight of the raw materials, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 31-33 ℃, and the fermentation time is 50-60 hours, so as to obtain mature mash;
(6) distilling;
distilling the mature mash obtained in the step (5) to obtain edible alcohol;
(7) molecular sieve adsorption;
evaporating the edible alcohol obtained by distillation in the step (6) into ethanol steam, feeding the ethanol steam into a 3A zeolite molecular sieve adsorption tower after the temperature of the ethanol steam is raised to 145 ℃, and then feeding the ethanol steam into a rectifying tower for repeated distillation to obtain the anhydrous alcohol.
Further, the starchy material is selected from one or more of cassava, corn, sweet potato, rice and wheat.
Further, in the wet grinding process in the step (2), the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 7: 5-7: 4.
Further, in the step (5), the fermentation tank is arranged in an open air environment, and an external forced cooling system is adopted to ensure that the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 31-33 ℃.
Further, in the step (6), the distillation mode is five-tower differential pressure distillation, and the five-tower differential pressure distillation is respectively a crude distillation tower, a water washing tower, a rectifying tower, a demethanizer and an impurity tower.
Further, in the step (6), the five-tower differential pressure steaming is controlled by a DCS automatic control system, and control points comprise pressure, temperature, liquid level and flow rate.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using the starchy raw material does not add sulfuric acid during fermentation, but adopts a method for shortening the fermentation time, so that the fermentation is carried out under the condition of higher pH, the fermentation efficiency of sufficient yeast is exerted, the fermentation time is shortened, the breeding of bacteria can be effectively inhibited or interfered, and the method can improve the fermentation rate.
2. The acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using the starchy raw material adopts the advanced five-tower differential pressure distillation technology, and can effectively and thoroughly remove high-boiling-point impurity components such as n-propanol, iso-tincture alcohol, iso-alcohol and the like; the crude distillation tower adopts vacuum distillation, which is not only in need of energy saving, but also is beneficial to increasing the relative volatility between ethanol and other impurities, so that the impurities are easier to separate, acid impurities are thoroughly removed, the scale deposition of a wine tank in the crude distillation tower is reduced, and the quality of high-grade edible alcohol is achieved. The energy-saving effect is remarkable, and the steam consumption for distillation of alcohol per ton is about 280 tons, which is lower than that of the traditional method; and the steam consumption and the cooling water consumption of distillation are greatly reduced, the energy is saved by 46 percent compared with the traditional five-tower atmospheric distillation technology, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
3. The acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy materials does not use sulfuric acid at all, and the pH value of the fermented mash is greatly improved compared with that of the fermented mash using sulfuric acid, so that the corrosion of fermentation equipment and pipelines is greatly reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. Meanwhile, the lime used for neutralization in the alcohol waste liquid treatment process is greatly reduced, and the operation cost of waste liquid treatment is reduced; in addition, S can be reduced in the anaerobic treatment of waste water2-The toxicity to methane bacteria is beneficial to the growth of methane bacteria, the desulfurization cost of anaerobic fermentation of methane is reduced, the degradation speed of COD is greatly improved, and the yield of methane is improved.
4. The acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using the starchy raw material does not use sulfuric acid at all, has higher pH value and less sulfate radicals in the fermented mash, reduces the scaling phenomenon of pipelines and distillation towers, greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers, and reduces the danger of the operation of the workers.
5. The acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using the starchy raw material does not need to add penicillin and the like, and drug resistance can occur due to long-term use of the penicillin.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1:
an acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw materials comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and peeling fresh cassava;
(2) wet grinding of fresh cassava: carrying out secondary wet grinding on fresh cassava to obtain slurry of the fresh cassava, wherein the weight ratio of the fresh cassava to water is 7: 5;
(3) low-temperature cooking of the raw materials;
heating and cooking the slurry of the raw material obtained in the step (2), wherein the cooking temperature is 90 ℃, the cooking time is 3 hours, and obtaining liquefied mash after cooking and liquefaction;
(4) saccharifying;
cooling the liquefied mash obtained in the step (3) to below 60 ℃, then sending the liquefied mash into a saccharification tank, adding 0.1kg of saccharifying enzyme into each cubic meter of liquefied mash, keeping the saccharification temperature at 56 ℃, and carrying out saccharification for 60min to obtain saccharified mash;
(5) performing acid-free fermentation;
cooling the saccharified mash obtained in the step (4) to below 33 ℃, then feeding the saccharified mash into a fermentation tank, adding yeast according to 0.01 percent of the weight of fresh cassava, carrying out anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation tank is arranged in an open air environment, and an external forced cooling system is adopted to ensure that the fermentation temperature is controlled at 31 ℃ and the fermentation time is 60 hours, thus obtaining mature mash;
(6) distilling;
distilling the mature mash obtained in the step (5) to obtain edible alcohol; the distillation mode is five-tower differential pressure distillation, and the five-tower differential pressure distillation is respectively a crude distillation tower, a water washing tower, a rectifying tower, a demethylation tower and an impurity tower. And the five-tower differential pressure steaming is controlled by a DCS (distributed control system) automatic control system, and control points comprise pressure, temperature, liquid level and flow.
(7) Molecular sieve adsorption;
evaporating the edible alcohol obtained by distillation in the step (6) into ethanol steam, feeding the ethanol steam into a 3A zeolite molecular sieve adsorption tower after the temperature of the ethanol steam is raised to 145 ℃, and then feeding the ethanol steam into a rectifying tower for repeated distillation to obtain the anhydrous alcohol.
Example 2:
an acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw materials comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and peeling raw materials: respectively cleaning and peeling fresh cassava and potatoes;
(2) wet grinding of raw materials: mixing fresh cassava and potatoes, and performing secondary wet grinding to obtain mixed slurry of the fresh cassava and potatoes, wherein the weight ratio of the fresh cassava and potato raw materials to water is 7: 4.5;
(3) low-temperature cooking of the raw materials;
heating and cooking the mixed slurry of the raw materials obtained in the step (2), wherein the cooking temperature is 95 ℃, the cooking time is 2.75 hours, and obtaining liquefied mash after cooking and liquefying;
(4) saccharifying;
cooling the liquefied mash obtained in the step (3) to below 60 ℃, then sending the liquefied mash into a saccharification tank, adding 0.2kg of saccharifying enzyme into each cubic meter of liquefied mash, keeping the saccharification temperature at 58 ℃, and carrying out saccharification for 55min to obtain saccharified mash;
(5) performing acid-free fermentation;
cooling the saccharified mash obtained in the step (4) to below 33 ℃, then feeding the saccharified mash into a fermentation tank, adding yeast according to 0.05 percent of the weight of the fresh cassava and the potato, carrying out anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation tank is arranged in an open air environment, and an extra-tank forced cooling system is adopted to ensure that the fermentation temperature is controlled at 32 ℃, and the fermentation time is 55 hours, thus obtaining mature mash;
(6) distilling;
distilling the mature mash obtained in the step (5) to obtain edible alcohol; the distillation mode is five-tower differential pressure distillation, and the five-tower differential pressure distillation is respectively a crude distillation tower, a water washing tower, a rectifying tower, a demethylation tower and an impurity tower. And the five-tower differential pressure steaming is controlled by a DCS (distributed control system) automatic control system, and control points comprise pressure, temperature, liquid level and flow.
(7) Molecular sieve adsorption;
evaporating the edible alcohol obtained by distillation in the step (6) into ethanol steam, feeding the ethanol steam into a 3A zeolite molecular sieve adsorption tower after the temperature of the ethanol steam is raised to 145 ℃, and then feeding the ethanol steam into a rectifying tower for repeated distillation to obtain the anhydrous alcohol.
Example 3:
an acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw materials comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and peeling raw materials: respectively cleaning and peeling cassava, corn, sweet potato, rice and wheat;
(2) wet grinding of raw materials: mixing all the raw materials, and performing primary wet grinding to obtain mixed slurry of the raw materials, wherein the weight ratio of the raw materials to water is 7: 4;
(3) low-temperature cooking of the raw materials;
heating and cooking the mixed slurry of the raw materials obtained in the step (2), wherein the cooking temperature is 100 ℃, the cooking time is 2.5 hours, and obtaining liquefied mash after cooking and liquefaction;
(4) saccharifying;
cooling the liquefied mash obtained in the step (3) to below 60 ℃, then sending the liquefied mash into a saccharification tank, adding 0.3kg of saccharifying enzyme into each cubic meter of liquefied mash, keeping the saccharification temperature at 60 ℃, and carrying out saccharification for 50min to obtain saccharified mash;
(5) performing acid-free fermentation;
cooling the saccharified mash obtained in the step (4) to below 33 ℃, then feeding the saccharified mash into a fermentation tank, adding yeast according to 0.1 percent of the weight of the raw materials, carrying out anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation tank is arranged in an open air environment, and an external forced cooling system is adopted to ensure that the fermentation temperature is controlled at 33 ℃ and the fermentation time is 50 hours, thus obtaining mature mash;
(6) distilling;
distilling the mature mash obtained in the step (5) to obtain edible alcohol; the distillation mode is five-tower differential pressure distillation, and the five-tower differential pressure distillation is respectively a crude distillation tower, a water washing tower, a rectifying tower, a demethylation tower and an impurity tower. And the five-tower differential pressure steaming is controlled by a DCS (distributed control system) automatic control system, and control points comprise pressure, temperature, liquid level and flow.
(7) Molecular sieve adsorption;
evaporating the edible alcohol obtained by distillation in the step (6) into ethanol steam, feeding the ethanol steam into a 3A zeolite molecular sieve adsorption tower after the temperature of the ethanol steam is raised to 145 ℃, and then feeding the ethanol steam into a rectifying tower for repeated distillation to obtain the anhydrous alcohol.
The applicant has made a large number of alcohol fermentation tests in the test process, and now some of the tests are arranged as follows:
in 2013 + 2015, alcohol fermentation tests were carried out by Luochengke alcohol technology development Limited liability company in river basin of the Zhuzhou province of Guangxi, and 4 test groups were set for the tests, wherein each group contains 7000kg of fresh cassava.
Group 1: the alcohol fermentation mode of the embodiment 1 of the invention is adopted;
group 2: a method of adding sulfuric acid in the fermentation process is adopted, meanwhile, the yeast amount is 0.001 percent of the weight of the fresh cassava, and other treatment modes are the same as those of the group 1;
group 3: the fermentation time is set to be 80h, and other treatment modes are the same as those of the group 1;
group 4: during distillation, five-tower atmospheric distillation is adopted, and other treatment modes are the same as those of the group 1.
The condition of alcohol was observed and recorded during the fermentation process, and the statistics of each data are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 data of the respective indices of the alcoholic fermentation process
| Grouping | Fermentation rate | Rate of sterilization | Quality of alcohol |
| Group 1 | 93％ | 80％ | Superior food |
| Group 2 | 91％ | 89％ | Superior food |
| Group 3 | 90％ | 68％ | In general |
| Group 4 | 92％ | 79％ | In general |
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, group 2 added sulfuric acid during alcoholic fermentation, which affects the growth and propagation of yeast, so the fermentation rate was lower than that of the present invention. Group 3, because of the long fermentation time, will cause the bacterium to breed more, and antibacterial effect is not good, so has great influence to the fermentation rate, and the quality of alcohol is also general. The 4 th group adopts five-tower atmospheric distillation, which has great influence on the quality of alcohol.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An acid-free fermentation method for producing alcohol by using starchy raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning the raw materials;
(2) carrying out wet grinding on the raw materials to obtain slurry;
(3) low-temperature cooking of the raw materials;
heating and cooking the slurry of the raw material obtained in the step (2), wherein the cooking temperature is 90-100 ℃, the cooking time is 2.5-3 h, and obtaining liquefied mash after cooking and liquefaction;
(4) saccharifying;
cooling the liquefied mash obtained in the step (3) to below 60 ℃, then sending the cooled liquefied mash into a saccharification tank, adding 0.1-0.3 kg of saccharifying enzyme into each cubic meter of liquefied mash, keeping the saccharification temperature at 56-60 ℃, and saccharifying for 50-60 min to obtain saccharified mash;
(5) performing acid-free fermentation;
cooling the saccharified mash obtained in the step (4) to below 33 ℃, then feeding the saccharified mash into a fermentation tank, adding yeast according to 0.01-0.1% of the weight of the raw materials, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 31-33 ℃, and the fermentation time is 50-60 hours, so as to obtain mature mash;
(6) distilling;
distilling the mature mash obtained in the step (5) to obtain edible alcohol;
(7) molecular sieve adsorption;
evaporating the edible alcohol obtained by distillation in the step (6) into ethanol steam, feeding the ethanol steam into a 3A zeolite molecular sieve adsorption tower after the temperature of the ethanol steam is raised to 145 ℃, and then feeding the ethanol steam into a rectifying tower for repeated distillation to obtain the anhydrous alcohol.
2. The method for acid-free fermentation of alcohol according to claim 1, characterized in that: the starchy material is selected from one or more of cassava, corn, sweet potato, rice and wheat.
3. The method for acid-free fermentation of alcohol according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the wet grinding process in the step (2), the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 7: 5-7: 4.
4. The method for acid-free fermentation of alcohol according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), the fermentation tank is arranged in an open air environment, and an external forced cooling system is adopted to ensure that the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 31-33 ℃.
5. The method for acid-free fermentation of alcohol according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (6), the distillation mode is five-tower differential pressure distillation, and the five-tower differential pressure distillation is respectively a crude distillation tower, a water washing tower, a rectification tower, a demethanizer and an impurity tower.
6. The method of acid-free fermentation of alcohol according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step (6), the five-tower differential pressure steaming is controlled by a DCS automatic control system, and control points comprise pressure, temperature, liquid level and flow.
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