CN106635269A - 一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106635269A
CN106635269A CN201610830461.0A CN201610830461A CN106635269A CN 106635269 A CN106635269 A CN 106635269A CN 201610830461 A CN201610830461 A CN 201610830461A CN 106635269 A CN106635269 A CN 106635269A
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崔应文
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：环烷基基础油100‑150，菜籽油5‑10，锭子油5‑10，纳米二氧化钛0.1‑0.15，2,6‑二叔丁基对甲酚0.3‑0.5，苯并三氮唑0.1‑0.15，季戊四醇硬脂酸酯0.1‑0.15，正硅酸乙酯0.01‑0.015，单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.3‑0.5，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷0.01‑0.015，羊毛脂0.5‑1。本发明的变压器油既具有优良的绝缘、散热性能，同时性质稳定，使用寿命长，还具有流动性高的特点，有利于变压器长周期运行，实用性强。

Description

一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油及其制 备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及变压器油技术领域，尤其涉及一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着电力变压器往高绝缘、大容量和小型化的方向不断发展，提升绝缘介质的性能越来越受到重视。变压器油是一种低粘度油，具有绝缘和散热两大功能，是目前变压器绝缘系统中的重要组成部分，其性能对变压器长期运行的安全性和可靠性起到重要作用。因此，如何提升变压器油的性能已经成为研究热点之一。
纳米改性变压器油是利用纳米颗粒对变压器油进行改性得到的新型变压器油，具有其高散热性和独特的电气性能，正受到越来越广泛的关注。在实际应用中，纳米颗粒在变压器油中易发生团聚沉降而使性能退化，严重影响了纳米改性变压器油的使用寿命。文献《油酸修饰对纳米二氧化钛在变压器油中分散性的影响》利用油酸对纳米二氧化钛进行有机表面修饰，将修饰后的纳米粉体超声分散到变压器油中制备纳米二氧化钛改性变压器油，从而使纳米二氧化钛粒子在变压器油中的分散性和稳定性得到提高。这种方法虽然能提高纳米颗粒在变压器油中的分散、稳定性，然而油酸具有在空气中容易变质的特点，尤其是高温条件下极易氧化、分解，在实际运行中难以维持纳米改性变压器油的长期稳定。因此，为维持纳米改性变压器油在实际应用中的性能，提高其使用寿命，仍需改善其长期使用稳定性。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种绝缘、导热性能优良，长期稳定性好、使用寿命长的含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
环烷基基础油100-150，菜籽油5-10，锭子油5-10，纳米二氧化钛0.1-0.15，2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.3-0.5，苯并三氮唑0.1-0.15，季戊四醇硬脂酸酯0.1-0.15，正硅酸乙酯0.01-0.015，单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.3-0.5，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷0.01-0.015，羊毛脂0.5-1。
一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）先将纳米二氧化钛按固液重量比1:100-1:200加入无水乙醇中超声分散均匀，然后缓慢加入正硅酸乙酯和乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷并搅拌0.5-1h得到混合液，最后缓慢滴加相当于1/20-1/10混合液体积的醋酸溶液并于50-60℃搅拌2-4h，冷却后离心并将得到的固体用无水乙醇洗涤数次，得改性纳米粒，所述醋酸溶液的质量分数为4-6%；
（2）将菜籽油经过碱炼脱酸、蒸馏、活性白土吸附脱色脱臭处理得到精制菜籽油，然后加入季戊四醇硬脂酸酯和羊毛脂80-90℃搅拌1-2h，最后加入环烷基基础油、锭子油50-60℃混合0.5-1h，冷却后得复合油；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的改性纳米粒加入步骤（2）得到的复合油中超声分散均匀，然后加入其余原料50-60℃搅拌0.5-1h，冷却后蒸馏、过滤精制，即得含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油。
本发明的优点是：
本发明利用正硅酸乙酯和乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷水解缩聚包覆纳米粒子形成聚硅氧烷包覆核壳结构纳米粒，具有良好的分散性、耐老化性和高度的稳定性，能稳定地分散于变压器油中，既能有效提升变压器油的绝缘、散热、抗老化性，并且不易受到外界运行条件的影响而发生变质、沉淀，影响变压器油的性能；同时，利用橡胶籽油的精炼、及与其余原料的复配与增效作用，使得到的变压器油既具有优良的绝缘、散热性能，同时性质稳定，使用寿命长，还具有流动性高的特点，有利于变压器长周期运行，实用性强。
具体实施方式
一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油，由下列重量(kg)的组分原料制备而成：
环烷基基础油100，菜籽油5，锭子油5，纳米二氧化钛0.1，2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.3，苯并三氮唑0.1，季戊四醇硬脂酸酯0.1，正硅酸乙酯0.01，单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.3，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷0.01，羊毛脂0.5。
一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）先将纳米二氧化钛按固液重量比1:100加入无水乙醇中超声分散均匀，然后缓慢加入正硅酸乙酯和乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷并搅拌0.5h得到混合液，最后缓慢滴加相当于1/20混合液体积的醋酸溶液并于50℃搅拌2h，冷却后离心并将得到的固体用无水乙醇洗涤数次，得改性纳米粒，所述醋酸溶液的质量分数为4%；
（2）将菜籽油经过碱炼脱酸、蒸馏、活性白土吸附脱色脱臭处理得到精制菜籽油，然后加入季戊四醇硬脂酸酯和羊毛脂80℃搅拌1h，最后加入环烷基基础油、锭子油50℃混合0.5h，冷却后得复合油；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的改性纳米粒加入步骤（2）得到的复合油中超声分散均匀，然后加入其余原料50℃搅拌0.5h，冷却后蒸馏、过滤精制，即得含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油。
其中环烷基基础油选用75DN型号。
上述制得的变压器油工频击穿电压≥80kV，其余指标均达到GB2536-2011标准，120℃运行1000h仍能保持稳定、无沉淀，符合实际使用需求。

Claims (2)

1.一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油，其特征在于，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
环烷基基础油100-150，菜籽油5-10，锭子油5-10，纳米二氧化钛0.1-0.15，2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.3-0.5，苯并三氮唑0.1-0.15，季戊四醇硬脂酸酯0.1-0.15，正硅酸乙酯0.01-0.015，单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.3-0.5，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷0.01-0.015，羊毛脂0.5-1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）先将纳米二氧化钛按固液重量比1:100-1:200加入无水乙醇中超声分散均匀，然后缓慢加入正硅酸乙酯和乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷并搅拌0.5-1h得到混合液，最后缓慢滴加相当于1/20-1/10混合液体积的醋酸溶液并于50-60℃搅拌2-4h，冷却后离心并将得到的固体用无水乙醇洗涤数次，得改性纳米粒，所述醋酸溶液的质量分数为4-6%；
（2）将菜籽油经过碱炼脱酸、蒸馏、活性白土吸附脱色脱臭处理得到精制菜籽油，然后加入季戊四醇硬脂酸酯和羊毛脂80-90℃搅拌1-2h，最后加入环烷基基础油、锭子油50-60℃混合0.5-1h，冷却后得复合油；
（3）将步骤（1）得到的改性纳米粒加入步骤（2）得到的复合油中超声分散均匀，然后加入其余原料50-60℃搅拌0.5-1h，冷却后蒸馏、过滤精制，即得含锭子油的高流动性核壳结构纳米改性变压器油。
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