Background technology
As the development of Petroleum finance, drilling depth are constantly deepened, drilling strata is more and more complicated, and the quantity of the special well such as directional well, horizontal well gradually increases.This makes performance of the drilling engineering to drilling fluid, particularly high-temperature resistance put forward higher requirement.Asphalt product with good anti-collapse, lubrication, reduces the comprehensive effectiveness such as leak-off and high-temperature stable as important additive for drilling fluid.But the work in hot environment requirement that general softening point asphalt be able to cannot be met under deep-well because even trickling is overbated.
High softening point bitumen refers to softening point more than 100 DEG C, especially the Colophonium more than 120 DEG C.High softening point bitumen has to compare and is widely applied because of its outstanding high-temperature resistance.High softening point bitumen can be used in the drillng operation in deep-seated oil gas field, as the important component part of drilling fluid, can under the high temperature conditions play closure, anti-collapse, stabilizing borehole, reduce the effect of filter loss.
In order to improve the performance of drilling fluid asphalt product, many methods are successively disclosed both at home and abroad Colophonium is modified.Wherein topmost method just carries out sulfonation to Colophonium.Such as US3485745, CN99109453, CN201010250241.Although this method can increase the water solublity of product, oil solution ratio is relatively low.Sulfonate is mainly generated after Colophonium is sulfonated, the softening point of product is not almost measured and, can only use under relatively low temperature conditionss.And its granule is poor without elasticity, deformability, it is impossible to the duct in arbitrarily embedded well, particularly irregular shape duct, it is impossible to function well as closure and the effect of filtrate reducing.Meanwhile, this technique is more complicated, and pollution is easily caused to environment.
Drilling fluid is divided into oil base drilling fluid and water-base drilling fluid with its continuous phase.High softening-point asphalt is mainly based on oil-soluble, so the good dispersion in oil base drilling fluid, application is not a problem.But in water-base drilling fluid, due to its water solublity very little, there is a problem of difficulties in dispersion, be difficult it is stable.This is also restriction high softening point bitumen wide variety of principal element in water-base drilling fluid.
High softening point bitumen is when used in drilling fluid, it is desirable to be distributed in mud system with minimum granule, so both can ensure that Colophonium was uniformly dispersed, and can avoid being agglomerated into big block blocking vibration sieve and causing the generation of the problems such as cannot using again.Under normal circumstances, the Particle size requirements of pitch particle are below 150 μm, or even 120 μm have good using effect with lower section.
However, Colophonium belongs to temperature-sensitive material, in crushing or superfine grinding, very big cost can be increased.Allow to obtain tiny pitch particle, it is also very very difficult to want the stable dispersion in water-base drilling fluid.Cannot play a part of closure and filtrate reducing in down-hole if if being unable to stable dispersion.
The content of the invention
It is low for the asphaltic products softening point used in drilling fluid of the prior art, granule is larger, dispersive property is bad in drilling fluid, it is not well positioned to meet the closure of drilling fluid, anti-collapse, stabilizing borehole, the problems such as reducing the performance of filter loss, the present invention provides one kind can resistant to elevated temperatures water-base drilling fluid, it includes a kind of asphaltic liquid containing modified high softening point bitumen granule, its pitch particle particle diameter is little, can in water-base drilling fluid stable dispersion, substantially increase the closure of drilling fluid, anti-collapse, stabilizing borehole, reduces the performances such as filter loss.
The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-temperature resistant water base drilling fluid, in terms of mass fraction, the drilling fluid includes following component:
Base starches 85 ~ 97 parts
3 ~ 15 parts of modified high softening point bitumen liquid
The modified high softening point bitumen liquid according to the mass fraction, including following components:
3 ~ 7 parts of modified high softening point bitumen granule
3 ~ 7 parts of water
Modified high softening point bitumen grain diameter≤120 μm, the shell formed including the core being made up of basic asphalt and by modifying agent, according to the mass fraction, core is 7 ~ 9 parts, and shell is 1 ~ 3 part;The modifying agent includes polymerised sulphur and free sulphur, and the weight ratio of polymerised sulphur and free sulphur is 3 in modifying agent:7~7:3;
Also include stable dispersant and stabilizer in the modified high softening point bitumen liquid, the stable dispersant is polyethenoxy ether class, the 0.1% ~ 10% of Colophonium based on its addition, the stabilizer is alcohols or xanthic acid esters, and its addition is the 0.01 ~ 0.5% of polymerised sulphur and free sulphur total amount.
Further, described base slurry is the conventional water-based drilling liquid-based slurry in this area, can be prepared according to prior art conventional method, and the composition and preparation method of base slurry are known for those skilled in the art, for example, can carry out according to following preparation process:Natrium carbonicum calcinatum is added in water, calcium bentonite is added, high-speed stirred and being conserved obtain after certain hour.
Further, the basic asphalt is the Colophonium that softening point is 100~200 DEG C, at least one in oxidized asphalt, solvent deoiling Colophonium, bitumen.
Further, at least one of the stable dispersant in aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene;At least one of the stabilizer in isopropanol, 4- chlorine n-butyl alcohols, 6- chlorine 1- hexanols, 4- bromobenzene methanol, dithiodiisopropyl xanthate and di n butyl xanthogen disulfide.
Further, the modifying agent is by the way that sulfur is heated to into 120 ~ 160 DEG C, after 10 ~ 60 minutes, it is heated to 500 ~ 600 DEG C, noble gases are passed through simultaneously, 0.5 ~ 2.0MPa of pressure is kept, and are kept for 10 ~ 100 minutes, sulfur steam is formed, then sulfur steam is sprayed into into into the quenching liquid containing stable dispersant and stabilizer chilling and obtained.
Further, properties modifier is also included in the drilling fluid, at least one of the properties modifier in modified starch or water-soluble fibre, its addition, by base slurry and the gross weight meter of the high softening point bitumen liquid that is modified, is the 0.1% ~ 5% of the two total amount.The modified starch is phosphate ester starch, carboxymethyl starch or cationic starch;The water-soluble fibre is carboxymethyl cellulose, vinal or hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Another technical purpose of the present invention is the preparation method for providing above-mentioned high-temperature resistant water base drilling fluid, is comprised the following steps:
1. modified high softening point bitumen liquid is prepared:Basic asphalt is added and is crushed into water, add stable dispersant and stabilizer, obtain asphaltic liquid;Sulfur is heated to into 120 ~ 160 DEG C, after 10 ~ 60 minutes, 500 ~ 600 DEG C are heated to, while being passed through noble gases, 0.5 ~ 2.0MPa of pressure is kept, is kept for 10 ~ 100 minutes, form sulfur steam;Sulfur steam is injected in asphaltic liquid, it is 1 ~ 3 that both additions press sulfur with the mass ratio of basic asphalt:7 ~ 9, the pitch particle of formation is suspended in asphaltic liquid, is kept for 30 ~ 120 minutes under the conditions of 40 ~ 65 DEG C, obtains modified high softening point bitumen liquid;The stable dispersant is polyethenoxy ether class, and the stabilizer is alcohols or xanthic acid esters;
2. modified high softening point bitumen liquid and base are starched, or by modified high softening point bitumen liquid, base slurry and properties modifier mix homogeneously, obtains the high-temperature resistant water base drilling fluid.
Further, at least one of the stable dispersant in aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, the 0.1 ~ 10% of Colophonium based on the addition of stable dispersant.At least one of the stabilizer in isopropanol, 4- chlorine n-butyl alcohols, 6- chlorine 1- hexanols, 4- bromobenzene methanol, dithiodiisopropyl xanthate and di n butyl xanthogen disulfide, the addition of stabilizer is the 0.01 ~ 0.5% of sulfur.
Further, step 1. in Colophonium is crushed into the one kind that can be adopted in high-speed shearing emulsion machine, colloid mill or grinder, grinding time 20 ~ 60 minutes be crushed to mean diameter≤120mm.
Further, the sulfur selects industrial top grade Cosan(Purity more than 99.5%).
Further, step 2. the mixing can using the technological means such as standard machinery stirring, high shear, colloid mill or ultrasonic disperse, incorporation time according to the uniformity coefficient of material system, generally 5 ~ 30 minutes.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1)In the preparation process in accordance with the present invention, when modified high softening point bitumen liquid is prepared, basic asphalt is crushed in water can avoid the granule caused because of heat release from boning again, and asphaltic liquid can provide nuclear phase as quenching liquid, pitch particle, be conducive to the polymerization of sulfur.Stabilizer is added during asphaltic liquid is prepared, the yield and stability of high-elastic polymerised sulphur can be improved.Can make high-elastic sulfur polymer that one layer of clad is formed outside Colophonium simultaneously, after follow-up cooling, stabilized treatment, form organic whole, improve the performance of modified pitch granule.
(2)In the inventive method, in sulfur polymerization process noble gases are introduced(Such as N2), one be on the other hand be to provide enough power to the sulfur atomization after polymerization to play a protective role at high temperature;Further, it is also possible to pass through the adjustment of pressure, carry out the size of the final granule of modulation, so as to meet different use requirements.
(3)In general, after sulfur frit reaction, the conversion ratio of high-elastic polymerised sulphur is 40 ~ 60%, in this method and it need not be extracted, be purified etc. and processed, although because the sulfur that this part does not convert can not form organic whole with high softening point bitumen, it is good dispersant and interleaving agent, be conducive to pitch particle stable dispersion, the modified high softening point bitumen for obtaining in the process of the present invention is without the need for additional other auxiliary agents, you can with room temperature long term storage, simplify production technology.
(4)Modified high softening point bitumen liquid is added in the water-base drilling fluid of the present invention, not only solve a difficult problem for Colophonium ambient ground, and by the synergism of the various additives such as modifying agent, stable dispersant, properties modifier, can make that high softening point bitumen is particle stabilized to be dispersed in water-base drilling fluid.Method of the present invention process is simple, easy to operate, cost are relatively low, pitch particle in obtained high softening point bitumen liquid is the mixture in the floor height bullet polymerised sulphur of basic asphalt outer cladding one and free sulphur, not only grain diameter is little, with certain elastic deformability, being capable of storage-stable at normal temperatures, and high temperature resistant property is excellent, cutting property, the yield value of system and High Temperature High Pressure filtration reduction are glued so as to improve carrying for drilling fluid, drilling fluid of the present invention can be used in the deep-well in oil field, ultra-deep well drilling operation.
Embodiment 4
Take the solvent deoiling Colophonium that 375g softening points are 151.8 DEG C be added in 325g cold water carried out with high-shear emulsion machine crushing 45 minutes, be subsequently adding 32g alkylphenol polyoxyethylene(OP-10)Continue to mix 30 minutes with the di n butyl xanthogen disulfide of 0.3g, pitch particle is dispersed in water;125g Cosans are placed in melt 150 DEG C are heated in sulfur kettle, kept for 55 minutes, in entering into reactor, temperature of reaction kettle is controlled at 560 DEG C, while being passed through N2, keep the MPa of pressure 1.0.Kept for 40 minutes with this understanding.Then the dispensing valve of reactor bottom is opened, the steam containing polymerised sulphur is quickly injected in the above-mentioned bitumeniferous cold water for preparing carries out chilling, is kept for 30 minutes under the conditions of 50 DEG C, sufficiently solidified and stablized, obtain modified high softening point bitumen liquid(Colophonium mean diameter 75mm).
18g high softening point bitumen liquid is placed in the drilling well liquid-based slurry that 400mL is prepared, addition accounts for the cationic starch of drilling fluid quality 4.5%, and high speed shear 20 minutes obtains high-temperature resistant water-based drilling fluid.
Modified high softening point bitumen liquid to obtaining in preparation process in embodiment 1 ~ 4 carries out dehydration and evacuation dried.Gained solid is sieved with vibrosieve, high softening point bitumen granule is obtained.Carry out percent of pass after particle diameter, softening point and solarization to high softening point bitumen granule to determine, its result is as shown in table 1.
The property of high softening point bitumen granule in each embodiment of table 1.
The particle diameter of pitch particle adopts micro- sem observation, and carries scale measure with microscope.The method of testing of softening point is carried out according to GB/T4507 methods.Percent of pass refers to after sieve:After particulate matter room temperature is stacked 30 days, with being sieved with the standard screen of same apertures when just preparing, the percent of gross mass is accounted for by the granular mass of sieve aperture.The index mainly investigates stability of the particulate matter after storage, i.e. change of size situation.
Water-base drilling fluid properties prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 4 are measured, as a result as shown in table 2.
The property of water-base drilling fluid in each embodiment of table 2.
Viscosity and high temperature and high pre ssure filtration are carried out by the methods of GB/T 16783.