CN106630147B - Device and method based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate - Google Patents
Device and method based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106630147B CN106630147B CN201710010999.1A CN201710010999A CN106630147B CN 106630147 B CN106630147 B CN 106630147B CN 201710010999 A CN201710010999 A CN 201710010999A CN 106630147 B CN106630147 B CN 106630147B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device and method based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate, device of the present invention includes the power device above the water surface and the reaction unit below the water surface;Power device includes air pump, water pump and functional device, reaction unit is followed successively by aerobic biofilm reactor and anaerobic organism membrane reactor from top to bottom, and anaerobic organism membrane reactor divides upper layer and lower layer, and lower layer fills plant residue, upper layer, which fills, is attached with the light filler of microorganism, is separated with strainer for two layers;Water flow takes uplink form in reactor, and water body containing nitrate reaction successively passes through plant residue layer, light filler layer reaction removal nitrate, enters back into aerobic biofilm reactor removal organic matter, finally enter natural water body.Apparatus and method of the present invention is in addition to it can effectively remove water body nitrate, moreover it is possible to promote upper and lower level water mixing, accelerate mass exchange, biological cleaning process in fortified water.Simultaneously the device can continuous operation, low energy consumption, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
Surface water body (such as lake, river, water are removed using aerobic and anaerobic organism membrane reactor the present invention relates to a kind of
Library and pond etc.) nitrate device and method.The device and method can effectively remove nitrate in water body, while can promote
Into upper and lower water mixing.The device and method can be combined with biological wastewater treatment oxidation pond and artificial swamp, to expand processing
Effect.
Background technique
Existing natural water body in-situ treatment systems most is by aeration mode or combines ammonia in biological floating bed removal water body
Nitrogen or organic matter, but ammonia nitrogen can be oxidized to nitrate by nitrobacteria under conditions of aerobic.And denitrifying bacteria is anaerobism
Bacterium, therefore this method is not obvious the removal effect of nitrate.Most organic matter is to be difficult to be given birth in water body simultaneously
What object directly utilized, therefore cause denitrification activity in water body lower, the minimizing technology of nitrate needs in natural water body at present
Additional organic carbon source, such as methanol, acetic acid, propionic acid are wanted, but increases operating cost.
Meeting releasing organics carbon, macromolecular organic carbon pass through degradation to plant residue during microbial degradation in by water body
Small molecule organic carbon can be converted into so as to be directly used by the microbe, denitrifying bacteria can be organic using the small molecule generated
Nitrate reduction is nitrogen by carbon, to realize the removal of nitrate.
Summary of the invention
Low energy consumption, investment and operating cost are few the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, have a extensive future based on good
The device and method of oxygen and anaerobic organism film removal water body nitrate, realize the removing of nitrate in surface water body, improve water quality,
Reduce algal bloom odds in surface water body.
The present invention is reached in reduction water inlet by combining aquatic plant residues degradation and two kinds of techniques of aerobic-anaerobic biomembrane
The target of nitrate.Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of device based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate, including power device and reaction unit;
The power device is placed on Overwater floating platform, provides the energy supply of the energy including air pump, water pump and for air pump, water pump
Device;
The reaction unit is located at horizontal plane lower part, from top to bottom successively includes aerobic biofilm reactor and anaerobic organism
Membrane reactor;The anaerobic organism membrane reactor is upflow-type reactor, sealing at the top of anaerobic organism membrane reactor, the side on top
Wall is equipped with opening, is connected to the aerobic biofilm reactor, and anaerobic organism membrane reactor bottom is equipped with reactor collet,
Anaerobic organism membrane reactor bottom is closed;
There are aeration head and light filler in the aerobic biofilm reactor, the aeration head connects air pump, is aerobic life
The oxygen supply of object membrane reactor, one end that aerobic biofilm reactor is not connect with anaerobic organism membrane reactor are closed using grid;
It is divided into two layers inside the anaerobic organism membrane reactor by sieve, upper layer is packing layer, is provided with lightweight and fills out
Material, lower layer are plant residue layer, are provided with plant residue;Water inlet is equipped at plant residue layer, water pump is by protruding into water
Water inlet water inlet tube, then water is pumped by plant residue layer by water inlet and is reacted.
As present invention further optimization, the aerobic biofilm reactor uses the closed one end of grid to updip
Tiltedly;The number of aerobic biofilm reactor is at least two.Aerobic biofilm reactor and the inclination of anaerobic organism membrane reactor connect
It connects, if can guarantee the removal effect of organic matter using two or more aerobic biofilm reactors.Aerobic biologic membrane is anti-
Device is answered generally to be arranged 2 ~ 6, number excessively will increase cost, can be increased and decreased according to the actual conditions of water body nitrate content concn
The number of aerobic biofilm reactor.Aerobic biofilm reactor is tilted upwards using the closed one end of grid, can be guided and be filled out
Expect stacked direction, and be conducive to the flowing of air blasted, is conducive to the progress reacted in aerobic biofilm reactor.
As present invention further optimization, the anaerobic organism membrane reactor, aerobic biofilm reactor are cylindrical body
Structure, material selection organic glass.The anaerobic organism membrane reactor main body is made of two sections lucite tube, and upper section has
Machine glass tube is provided with light filler as packing layer, and it is residual to be provided with plant as plant residue layer for lower section lucite tube
Body;Two sections of organic glass bores are identical, separated between pipe by sieve;Stainless steel is additionally provided with outside the anaerobic organism membrane reactor
Cutting ferrule, the stainless steel cutting ferrule include ring stainless steel set and stainless steel strip, and the ring stainless steel of stainless steel cutting ferrule lower end covers card
On lower section lucite tube, ring stainless steel covers that upper stainless steel strip extends to upper section lucite tube and to be stuck in upper section organic
Glass tube top, it is an entirety that two sections of lucite tubes, which are tightly connected,.Setting two sections for anaerobic organism membrane reactor has
The structure that machine glass tube is spliced to form, and fixed with stainless steel cutting ferrule, convenient for the replacement of plant residue layer implants residuum, periodically
Stainless steel cutting ferrule is opened, the glass tube of lower section dress plant residue is taken out into replacement plant residue.
As present invention further optimization, used between the aerobic biofilm reactor and anaerobic organism membrane reactor
Flexible connection.The opening being flexibly connected across anaerobic organism membrane reactor upper wall connects aerobic biofilm reactor, for reacting
The circulation of water body.
As present invention further optimization, described device is energized using solar energy, and the power supply device includes solar energy
Plate and battery.As a source of power with solar energy, without energy consumption, pollution-free, good without operating cost, versatility, and environment phase
Capacitive is good, does not destroy the landscape function in lake.
As present invention further optimization, in the anaerobic organism membrane reactor, the plant residue body of plant residue layer
Product filling proportion is 85% ~ 95%, and the volume filling proportion of light filler layer is 75% ~ 85%.
As present invention further optimization, in the aerobic biofilm reactor, the filling proportion of light filler is 80%
~90%。
As present invention further optimization, MBBR filler is selected in the light filler;The plant residue selects heavy water
Plant residue.
In the device of the invention, the light filler can be plastic hollow bead or semi soft packing;Air pump and aeration
The connected hose of head can be silicone tube, rubber tube or other similar hose;Pump water inlet and it is connected to anaerobic organism film
The water inlet of reactor is all made of hose, can be silicone tube, rubber tube or other similar hose.
As present invention further optimization,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate, including
Following steps:
(1) anti-nitration reaction removes nitrate: water pump will contain nitric acid body of salt and be pumped into the life of up-flow anaerobism by water inlet
Object membrane reactor bottom, up-flow anaerobic organism membrane reactor bottom are equipped with plant residue, and upper layer is equipped with the attachment micro- life of denitrification
The light filler of object is separated between light filler and plant residue by sieve, and body of salt containing nitric acid is through sieve from up-flow anaerobism
Biofilm reactor bottom flows into upper layer through sieve, and nitrate is reduced to nitrogen through anti-nitration reaction in water body;
Wherein, the carbon source for reacting required is provided by plant residue, the work of plant residue microorganism in body of salt containing nitric acid
Use down the carbon source for releasing organic carbon as anti-nitration reaction;
(2) it removes water body organic matter: being flowed into through up-flow anaerobic organism membrane reactor denitrification treated water body aerobic
Biofilm reactor, aerobic biofilm reactor is interior by aeration oxygen supply, is provided with the light filler of attached microbial, water body exists
Aerobic biofilm reactor carries out organic matter degradation under microbial action, removes the organic matter in water body;Treated water body
Into in natural water body.
The present invention handles the surface water containing nitrate using aerobic-anaerobic biofilm reactor, in temperature condition appropriate
Under, for anaerobic organism membrane reactor after the natural culture of one week or so time domestication, light filler surface can apposition growth one
Quantitative active microorganism, and nitrate content in water inlet can be reduced by denitrification, while aerobe film reaction
Device can degrade organic matter in water body, to reduce the content of organics of water inlet natural water body.
Method of the invention has the advantages that
1. the present invention with solar energy as a source of power, without energy consumption, pollution-free, good without operating cost, versatility, and
Environmental compatibility is good, does not destroy the landscape function in lake;
2. realizing nitric acid in surface water body with the technical approach that aquatic plant residues degradation-anaerobic-aerobic biomembrane combines
The removal of salt.The method can either efficiently remove nitrate, be not necessarily to additional organic carbon source, reduce operating cost, and can promote
Exchange into the upper and lower water body mixes, and promotes mass exchange, accelerates the process of organism in water purification;
3. the device of the invention runs easy to operate, simple installation, replacement filler is convenient, and management is simple, is suitable for natural
It is practical with the contamination control and water correction of man-made surface water body.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section structural drawing of device of the present invention;
Wherein, arrow indicates water (flow) direction.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described with specific embodiment for explanation with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
This example demonstrates that the specific embodiment of the device of the invention.
Device based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate as shown in Figure 1, including power device and reaction dress
It sets;
The power device is located at the water surface or more, is placed on Overwater floating platform 5, including air pump 3, water pump 4 and for air pump 3,
The power supply device of the offer energy of water pump 4;Solar energy function is used in the present embodiment, power supply device includes solar panels 1 and electric power storage
Pond 2.
The reaction unit is located at water surface lower part, from top to bottom successively includes aerobic biofilm reactor 6, anaerobic organism film
Reactor 7, reactor collet 8;Anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 and aerobic biofilm reactor 6 are cylindrical structure, material selection
Organic glass.Anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 is upflow-type reactor, and it is anti-that the reactor collet 8 is located at the anaerobic organism film
7 bottom of device is answered, 7 bottom of anaerobic organism membrane reactor is closed;
There are aeration head 31 and light filler in the aerobic biofilm reactor 6, the aeration head 31 connects air pump 3, is
Aerobic biofilm reactor 6 supplies oxygen, and one end that aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is not connect with anaerobic organism membrane reactor uses grid
61 closings, while aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is tilted upwards using the closed one end of grid 61, considers cost problem, aerobic life
6 number of object membrane reactor may be selected to be 2 ~ 6.
It is divided into two layers inside the anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 by sieve 70, upper layer is packing layer 71, is provided with light
Matter filler seals at the top of packing layer 71, and the side wall on top is equipped with opening 711, passes through flexible connection with aerobic biofilm reactor 6
712 connections;Lower layer is plant residue layer 72, is provided with plant residue;Water inlet 42 is equipped at plant residue layer 72, water pump 4 is logical
It crosses the water inlet pipe 41 protruded into water to intake, then water is pumped by plant residue layer 72 by water inlet 42 and is reacted.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment the difference is that only that 7 main body of anaerobic organism membrane reactor is by two sections with embodiment 1
Lucite tube composition, upper section lucite tube are provided with light filler, lower section lucite tube is as plant as packing layer 71
Object residuum layer 72, is provided with plant residue;Two sections of organic glass bores are identical, separated between pipe by sieve 70;
To be fixedly connected with two sections of lucite tubes, stainless steel cutting ferrule 9, institute are additionally provided with outside the anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7
Stating stainless steel cutting ferrule 9 includes ring stainless steel set 91 and stainless steel strip 92,91 card of ring stainless steel set of 9 lower end of stainless steel cutting ferrule
On lower section lucite tube, the stainless steel strip 92 on ring stainless steel set 91 extends to upper section lucite tube and is stuck in upper section
Lucite tube top, it is an entirety that two sections of lucite tubes, which are tightly connected,.
Embodiment 3
This example demonstrates that the specific embodiment of the method for the present invention.
Method of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) anti-nitration reaction removes nitrate: water pump will contain nitric acid body of salt and be pumped into the life of up-flow anaerobism by water inlet
Object membrane reactor bottom, up-flow anaerobic organism membrane reactor bottom are equipped with plant residue, and upper layer is equipped with the attachment micro- life of denitrification
The light filler of object is separated between light filler and plant residue by sieve, and body of salt containing nitric acid is through sieve from up-flow anaerobism
Biofilm reactor bottom flows into upper layer through sieve, and nitrate is reduced to nitrogen through anti-nitration reaction in water body;
Wherein, the carbon source for reacting required is provided by plant residue, the work of plant residue microorganism in body of salt containing nitric acid
Use down the carbon source for releasing organic carbon as anti-nitration reaction;
(2) it removes water body organic matter: being flowed into through up-flow anaerobic organism membrane reactor denitrification treated water body aerobic
Biofilm reactor, aerobic biofilm reactor is interior by aeration oxygen supply, is provided with the light filler of attached microbial, water body exists
Aerobic biofilm reactor carries out organic matter degradation under microbial action, removes the organic matter in water body;Treated water body
Into in natural water body.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4- embodiment 6 is used to illustrate the concrete application effect of apparatus of the present invention.It is profound to Nanjing in the present embodiment
Wu Qu landscape water body carries out nitrate and removes engineering.The biology of aerobic-anaerobic described in the embodiment of the present invention 2 is constructed in lake water
Membrane reactor device.
Solar panels 1 select the monocrystalline solar panels of 1 12V100W in the present embodiment, and battery 2 selects 1 12V60AH
Lead-acid battery, air pump 3 select 12V35W air pump, water pump 4 select 12V60W water pump;
Anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 is diameter 14cm, and the organic glass reactor of height 100cm, sieve 70, which is mounted on, to be detested
At the above 15cm in 7 bottom of oxygen biofilm reactor;In 7 bottom of anaerobic organism membrane reactor, aquatic plant residues layer 72 is set, on
Light filler layer 71 is arranged in portion, and submerged plant selects the intracorporal submerged plant hornwort of landscape water to be processed, plant residue layer body
Product filling ratio control is 85%;Light filler selects diameter for the MBBR filler of φ 10mm*8mm, and the volume of light filler layer is filled out
Ratio control is filled 80%;Water flow in anaerobic organism membrane reactor is using upper form, and raw water is followed by aquatic plant residues
Layer 72 and light filler layer 71 enter aerobic biofilm reactor 6 after completing denitrification process;Aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is to have
Machine glass material, diameter 30cm, length 100cm, light filler select diameter for the MBBR filler of φ 10mm*8mm, light filler
Volume filling proportion control 85%;Water flow is 2 hours in the residence time aerobic, in anaerobic organism membrane reactor.
During 35 days of system trial run, to the aerobic-anaerobic biofilm reactor Inlet and outlet water water quality of processing landscape water body
It is tested and analyzed, discovery system is respectively 96% to the average removal rate of nitrate, has reached reinforcing nitrate of surface water and has gone
The effect removed.
Embodiment 5
Nitrate is carried out to Nanjing Xuanwu District landscape water body and removes engineering.The embodiment of the present invention 2 is constructed in lake water
The aerobic-anaerobic biofilm reactor device.
Solar panels 1 select the monocrystalline solar panels of 1 12V100W, and battery 2 selects the plumbic acid electricity of 1 12V60AH
Pond, air pump 3 select 12V35W air pump, and water pump 4 selects 12V40W water pump;
Anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 is diameter 14cm, and the organic glass reactor of height 100cm, sieve 70, which is mounted on, to be detested
At the above 15cm in 7 bottom of oxygen biofilm reactor;In 7 bottom of anaerobic organism membrane reactor, aquatic plant residues layer 72 is set, on
Light filler layer 71 is arranged in portion, and submerged plant selects the intracorporal submerged plant hornwort of landscape water to be processed, plant residue layer body
Product filling ratio control is 90%;Light filler selects diameter for the MBBR filler of φ 10mm*8mm, and the volume of light filler layer is filled out
Ratio control is filled 75%;Water flow in anaerobic organism membrane reactor is using upper form, and raw water is followed by aquatic plant residues
Layer 72 and light filler layer 71 enter aerobic biofilm reactor 6 after completing denitrification process;Aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is to have
Machine glass material, diameter 30cm, length 100cm, light filler select diameter for the MBBR filler of φ 18mm*10mm, and lightweight is filled out
The volume filling proportion of material is controlled 90%;Water flow is 2.5 hours in the residence time aerobic, in anaerobic organism membrane reactor.
During 40 days of system trial run, to the aerobic-anaerobic biofilm reactor Inlet and outlet water water quality of processing landscape water body
It is tested and analyzed, discovery system is 93% to the average removal rate of nitrate, has reached and has strengthened nitrate of surface water removal
Effect.
Embodiment 6
Nitrate is carried out to Nanjing Qinhuai District's landscape water body and removes engineering.It is of the present invention good to construct in lake water
Oxygen anaerobic organism membrane reactor device.
Solar panels 1 select the monocrystalline solar panels of 1 12V100W, and battery 2 selects the plumbic acid electricity of 1 12V60AH
Pond, air pump 3 select 12V35W air pump, and water pump 4 selects 12V40W water pump;
Anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 is diameter 14cm, and the organic glass reactor of height 100cm, sieve 70, which is mounted on, to be detested
At the above 15cm in 7 bottom of oxygen biofilm reactor;In 7 bottom of anaerobic organism membrane reactor, aquatic plant residues layer 72 is set, on
Light filler layer 71 is arranged in portion, and submerged plant selects the intracorporal submerged plant hornwort of landscape water to be processed, plant residue layer body
Product filling ratio control is 95%;Light filler selects diameter for the MBBR filler of φ 10mm*8mm, and the volume of light filler layer is filled out
Ratio control is filled 85%;For water flow in anaerobic organism membrane reactor 7 using upper form, raw water is residual followed by water plant
Body layer 72 and light filler layer 71 enter aerobic biofilm reactor 6 after completing denitrification process;Aerobic biofilm reactor 6 is
Organic glass material, diameter 30cm, length 100cm, light filler select diameter for the MBBR filler of φ 18mm*10mm, lightweight
The volume filling proportion of filler is controlled 80%;Water flow is 3 hours in the residence time aerobic, in anaerobic organism membrane reactor.
During 50 days of system trial run, to the aerobic-anaerobic biofilm reactor Inlet and outlet water water quality of processing landscape water body
It is tested and analyzed, discovery system is 93.7% to the average removal rate of nitrate, has reached the removal of reinforcing nitrate of surface water
Effect.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of device based on biofilm reactor removal water body nitrate, which is characterized in that including power device and reaction
Device;
The power device is placed on Overwater floating platform, provides the energy supply dress of the energy including air pump, water pump and for air pump, water pump
It sets;
The reaction unit is located at horizontal plane lower part, from top to bottom successively includes that aerobic biofilm reactor and anaerobic organism film are anti-
Answer device;The anaerobic organism membrane reactor is upflow-type reactor, is sealed at the top of anaerobic organism membrane reactor, the side wall on top is set
There is opening, be connected to the aerobic biofilm reactor, anaerobic organism membrane reactor bottom is equipped with reactor collet, by institute
State the closing of anaerobic organism membrane reactor bottom;
There are aeration head and light filler in the aerobic biofilm reactor, the aeration head connects air pump, is aerobic biologic membrane
Reactor oxygen supply, one end that aerobic biofilm reactor is not connect with anaerobic organism membrane reactor are closed using grid;
It is divided into two layers inside the anaerobic organism membrane reactor by sieve, upper layer is packing layer, it is provided with light filler, under
Layer is plant residue layer, is provided with plant residue;Water inlet is equipped at plant residue layer, water pump is by protruding into the water inlet pipe in water
Water inlet, then water is pumped by plant residue layer by water inlet and is reacted.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aerobic biofilm reactor uses grid closed one
End inclination upwards;The number of aerobic biofilm reactor is at least two.
3. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anaerobic organism membrane reactor, aerobe film reaction
Device is cylindrical structure, material selection organic glass.
4. device according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the anaerobic organism membrane reactor main body is by upper and lower two
Section lucite tube composition, upper section lucite tube are provided with light filler, lower section lucite tube is as plant as packing layer
Object residuum layer, is provided with plant residue;Two sections of organic glass bores are identical, separated between pipe by sieve;
It is additionally provided with stainless steel cutting ferrule outside the anaerobic organism membrane reactor, the stainless steel cutting ferrule includes ring stainless steel set and not
Become rusty steel bar, and the ring stainless steel set of stainless steel cutting ferrule lower end is stuck on lower section lucite tube, and ring stainless steel set is upper stainless
Steel bar extends to upper section lucite tube and is stuck in upper section lucite tube top, and it is one that two sections of lucite tubes, which are tightly connected,
A entirety.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aerobic biofilm reactor and anaerobic organism film reaction
Using flexible connection between device.
6. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described device is energized using solar energy, the power supply device
Including solar panels and battery.
7. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the anaerobic organism membrane reactor, plant residue layer
Plant residue volume filling proportion is 85% ~ 95%, and the volume filling proportion of light filler layer is 75% ~ 85%.
8. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the aerobic biofilm reactor, light filler is filled out
Filling ratio is 80% ~ 90%.
9. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that MBBR filler is selected in the light filler;The plant is residual
Body selects submerged plant residuum.
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CN107973496A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-01 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | The apparatus and method that ammonia anaerobic oxidation is realized based on up-flow fixed bed reactors |
CN109354188B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江工业大学上虞研究院有限公司 | Device and method for treating sewage by synchronous nitrification and denitrification biomembrane method |
CN110054289A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-26 | 常州大学 | A kind of river water body purifying processing device |
CN110217890B (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Device and method for enhancing water body nitrogen removal based on aerobic denitrification fungi |
CN114716018B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-11-21 | 安徽普氏生态环境有限公司 | Integrated sewage treatment system and process |
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