CN106627157A - Electric automobile distribution box and electric automobile with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric vehicle distribution box in the field of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle using the distribution box; the electric vehicle distribution box includes a box body, a connector is arranged on the outer wall of the box body, and an electrical appliance Components and conductive connectors for conducting connectors and electrical components. The electrical components include protective devices. The distribution box also includes an insulating board partition arranged in the distribution box. The top of the upper side of the insulating partition is provided with The protection device; the electric vehicle distribution box of the present invention adopts the form of layered arrangement, a part of the electrical components is arranged above the insulating partition, and the other part is arranged below the insulating partition; compared with the existing automobile distribution box , The automobile power distribution box of the present invention can better utilize the limited space in the power distribution box, and the power distribution box has a high degree of integration, a small volume, and is more convenient to use.

Description

Electric vehicle power distribution box and electric vehicle using the power distribution box

technical field

The invention relates to an electric vehicle power distribution box in the field of electric vehicles and an electric vehicle using the power distribution box.

Background technique

In order to alleviate problems such as the global energy crisis and environmental degradation, my country is vigorously promoting the development and use of electric vehicles; electric vehicles usually run on high-power vehicle electricity, with high voltage and high current, and high-voltage power distribution boxes are an important component of electric vehicles The part is used to solve the problem of high-voltage distribution of electric vehicles with multiple high-voltage power units.

The Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN103481792B and the application date of 2013.09.17 discloses a high-voltage power distribution box for power batteries, including a base and a cover plate fixedly connected to the base, and multiple high-voltage components are installed in the power distribution box , the bottom wall of the base is provided with accommodating chambers for accommodating various high-voltage components; the high-voltage components include positive relays, pre-charging relays, negative relays, fuses, etc. After being placed in the storage tank, each high-voltage component is connected to the power supply of the power distribution box through the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth copper bars, so as to realize the power supply of each high-voltage power unit on the electric vehicle. power supply.

As mentioned above, the problems existing in the existing power distribution box are: 1. The high-voltage components in the power distribution box adopt a single-layer structure, the relative positions of the high-voltage components are scattered, and the space utilization rate in the power distribution box 2. In order to realize the connection between the high-voltage components at different positions and the power supply of the power distribution box, the required copper bars need to be bent many times. The structure is complex and difficult to manufacture.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high degree of integration, small volume, and compact electric vehicle power distribution box to solve the existing problems of the existing automobile power distribution box, such as large volume, high manufacturing difficulty and low integration degree. low problem; the purpose of the present invention is also to provide an electric vehicle using the power distribution box.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the electric vehicle power distribution box of the present invention is:

The electric vehicle power distribution box includes a box body, a connector is provided on the outer wall of the box body, electrical components and conductive connectors for conducting the connector and electrical components are arranged inside the box body, the electrical components include protective devices, and a set The insulating plate partition in the power distribution box is provided with the protective device on the top of the upper side of the insulating partition.

The electrical components include relays arranged on the lower side of the insulating partition.

The connector includes a power connector for connecting to a power source outside the power distribution box; the conductive connector includes a first bus bar copper bar and a second bus bar copper bar respectively used to connect the two poles of the power connector, and the first bus bar The copper bar is arranged on the top surface of the insulating partition, and the second busbar copper bar is arranged on the bottom surface of the insulating partition or at a position below the bottom surface and close to the insulating partition.

One of the two terminals of the protection device is electrically connected to the first busbar copper bar, the other is connected to the corresponding relay, the other end of the relay is connected to one terminal of the corresponding connector, and the other end of the connector is connected to the second terminal. Two bus bar copper connection.

The power distribution box also includes insulating pillars arranged on the bottom wall of the box body for supporting the second busbar copper bar.

The box body is molded by die-casting.

The power distribution box also includes a box cover arranged at the box mouth of the box body and adapted to the box body, and a sealing groove for installing a seal is provided on the top of the box body corresponding to the box cover.

The top of the insulating partition is provided with an installation groove sunken toward the inside of the distribution box for the installation of the protection device.

The inner wall of the distribution box is provided with a mounting platform for installing the insulating partition, and the insulating partition is fixed on the mounting platform by screws.

The technical scheme of electric vehicle of the present invention is:

An electric vehicle includes a power distribution box. The power distribution box includes a box body. Connectors are arranged on the outer wall of the box body. Electrical components and conductive connectors for conducting the connectors and electrical components are arranged inside the box body. The electrical components include protection The device also includes an insulating board partition arranged in the distribution box, and the upper top of the insulating partition is provided with the protective device.

The electrical components include relays arranged on the lower side of the insulating partition.

The connector includes a power connector for connecting to a power source outside the power distribution box; the conductive connector includes a first bus bar copper bar and a second bus bar copper bar respectively used to connect the two poles of the power connector, and the first bus bar The copper bar is arranged on the top surface of the insulating partition, and the second busbar copper bar is arranged on the bottom surface of the insulating partition or at a position below the bottom surface and close to the insulating partition.

One of the two terminals of the protection device is electrically connected to the first busbar copper bar, the other is connected to the corresponding relay, the other end of the relay is connected to one terminal of the corresponding connector, and the other end of the connector is connected to the second terminal. Two bus bar copper connection.

The power distribution box also includes insulating pillars arranged on the bottom wall of the box body for supporting the second busbar copper bar.

The box body is molded by die-casting.

The power distribution box also includes a box cover arranged at the box mouth of the box body and adapted to the box body, and a sealing groove for installing a seal is provided on the top of the box body corresponding to the box cover.

The top of the insulating partition is provided with an installation groove sunken toward the inside of the distribution box for the installation of the protection device.

The inner wall of the distribution box is provided with a mounting platform for installing the insulating partition, and the insulating partition is fixed on the mounting platform by screws.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the distribution box of the present invention includes an insulating partition arranged in the distribution box, the distribution box adopts the form of layered arrangement, a part of electrical components is arranged above the insulating partition, and the other part is arranged on the insulating partition Below the partition; compared with the existing automobile power distribution box, the automobile power distribution box of the present invention can better utilize the limited space in the power distribution box, and the power distribution box has a higher degree of integration and a smaller volume , it is more convenient to use.

Furthermore, the main circuit of the power distribution box is connected through the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and the high-voltage components are connected in parallel to the corresponding bus bar. The integration of the power distribution box is relatively high. Compared with the existing The distribution box reduces the number of required copper bars and reduces the manufacturing cost of the distribution box.

Further, grooves for installation of the protection devices are provided on the top surface of the insulating partition, and the groove walls of the grooves insulate and separate the protection devices.

Further, the bottom wall of the distribution box is provided with insulating pillars for supporting the second busbar copper bar.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general assembly structure schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of electric vehicle power distribution box of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side view of the rear side of Figure 1;

3 is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of the electric vehicle power distribution box of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged view of A place in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the insulating partition and the protective devices on the insulating partition in a specific embodiment of the electric vehicle power distribution box of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the box body and the relays in the box body in a specific embodiment of the electric vehicle power distribution box of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The specific embodiment of the electric vehicle distribution box of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, includes a box body 11 and a box cover 10 arranged at the opening of the box body 11, as shown in Figure 3, the top of the box body 11 A sealing groove in the form of steps with an inner bottom and outer height is provided near the inner side of the box body 11 , and the sealing member 13 is assembled in the sealing groove to form a seal between the box cover 10 and the box body 11 . In this embodiment, the box body 11 is manufactured by casting process.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the outer wall of the box body 11 is provided with connectors for connecting with various high-voltage power units on the electric vehicle, and the connectors include battery pack high-voltage connector 1, PTC high-voltage connector 2, DC /DC high voltage connector 3, slow charging/air conditioner high voltage connector 4, motor controller connector 7, fast charging high voltage connector 8, low voltage connector 9; the connectors are arranged outside the box body 11 for easy plugging and unplugging.

Wherein: the motor control connector 7 is internally connected with the box body 11 through the high-voltage wire 6, and a wire plug 5 is installed at the junction of the high-voltage wire 6 and the box body 11 for waterproofing. Both the PTC high-voltage connector 2 and the slow charging/air-conditioning high-voltage connector 4 adopt a four-core structure to reduce the number of required connectors and save space.

Corresponding to the above-mentioned connectors, the interior of the box body 11 also contains several protection devices and relays for matching with the above-mentioned corresponding connectors; the protection devices include: DC/DC fuse 15, fast charging fuse 16 , motor fuse 17, PTC/air conditioner fuse 18, slow charge fuse 20; relays include: fast charge relay 24, first PTC relay 28, second PTC relay 26, slow charge relay 27.

The inside of the box body 11 is provided with an insulating partition 21, and the top of the insulating partition 21 is provided with installation grooves for the installation of the above-mentioned protection devices, and the groove walls of the installation grooves insulate and separate the protection devices; the above-mentioned relays are installed on On the bottom wall of the box body 11.

As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the four corners inside the box body 11 are respectively provided with mounting platforms 29 for the installation of the insulating partition board 21 at positions close to the middle height of the box body 11, and the insulating partition board 21 The four corners are respectively fixed on the corresponding installation platform 29 by screws.

On the top surface of the insulating partition 21 and below each of the above-mentioned protective devices, a positive busbar copper bar 19 is provided, an insulating pillar 31 is provided on the bottom wall of the box body 11, and a negative electrode busbar copper bar 30 is provided on the insulating pillar 31; On the insulating partition 21, one of the terminals of each of the protective devices is connected to the positive busbar copper bar 19; on each of the insulating pillars 31, one of the terminals of each of the relays is connected to the negative busbar copper bar 30; The positive busbar copper bar 19 and the negative busbar copper bar 30 are respectively led out to the high voltage connector 1 of the battery pack.

In this embodiment, since the power of each high-voltage power consumption unit in the electric vehicle is different, the difference is relatively large; at the same time, in order to fully utilize the space of the distribution box, it is difficult to take care of a single conductive connection form;

Among them: one end of the fast charge fuse 16 is directly connected to the positive busbar copper bar 19, the other end of the fast charge fuse 16 is connected to one end of the fast charge relay 24 through the fast charge circuit copper bar 23, and the other end of the fast charge relay 24 is passed through The fast charging positive electrode copper bar 25 is connected to the fast charging connector 8 , and the other terminal of the fast charging connector 8 is directly connected to the negative busbar copper bar 30 . When in use, the fast charging connector 8 is externally connected to a charging power source, and the current is then transmitted to the battery pack through the positive busbar copper bar 19 and the negative bus bar copper bar 30 to realize fast charging of the battery pack.

One end of the motor fuse 17 is directly connected to the positive busbar copper bar 19, and the other end of the motor fuse 17 is connected to the positive end of the motor control connector 7 through the PCU copper bar 22 bent towards the underside of the insulating partition 21. The negative end of the control connector 7 is directly connected to the negative busbar copper bar 30 .

The positive pole of the DC/DC high voltage connector 3 is connected to the DC/DC fuse 15 through common wires, and the negative pole of the DC/DC high voltage connector 3 is connected to the negative bus bar 30 through common wires.

The positive pole of the PTC high-voltage connector 2 is connected to the PTC/air conditioner fuse 18, the first PTC relay 28 and the second PTC relay 26 through ordinary wires, and the negative pole of the PTC high-voltage connector 2 is connected to the negative bus bar 30 through ordinary wires.

The positive pole of the slow charge/air conditioner high voltage connector 4 is connected to the slow charge fuse 20 and the slow charge relay 27 through ordinary wires, and the negative pole of the slow charge/air conditioner high voltage connector 4 is connected to the negative busbar copper bar 30 through wires.

The low-voltage connector 9 is a multi-core connector, and the low-voltage connector 9 is connected to the control terminals of the fast charging relay 24 , the slow charging relay 27 , the first PTC relay 28 and the second PTC relay 26 respectively.

In this embodiment, the switching between fast charging and slow charging is realized by switching between the slow charging relay 27 and the fast charging relay 24; through the first PTC relay 28 and the second PTC relay 26, two gears of PTC can be realized Bit control function.

The battery pack high-voltage connector 1, the PTC high-voltage connector 2 and the slow charging/air-conditioning high-voltage connector 4 all include low-voltage interfaces; When it is on, it is in contact with the microswitch 12, and the microswitch 12 is in the closed state; when the lid 10 is opened, the microswitch 12 is opened and is in the off state.

The low-voltage interfaces of battery pack high-voltage connector 1, PTC high-voltage connector 2, and slow charging/air-conditioning high-voltage connector 4 are connected in series and connected with low-voltage connector 9 and micro switch 12. When battery pack high-voltage connector 1, PTC high-voltage connector 2. When any one of the slow charging/air-conditioning high-voltage connector 4 and the micro switch 12 is disconnected, the vehicle control system of the electric vehicle will monitor the signal of the low-voltage connector 9 and adopt an appropriate strategy for control.

When in use, the high-voltage connector 1 of the battery pack is connected to the battery pack externally, and the high-voltage power of the battery pack is input into the high-voltage power distribution box, and then output to the high-voltage power distribution box through the corresponding two-core high-voltage connector and four-pin high-voltage connector respectively to achieve high voltage. distribution function; at the same time, through the relay control, the fast and slow charging function of the battery pack can be realized.

The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, tidy wiring and multi-function, especially excellent waterproof and sealing performance, and reliable and safe circuit.

The above descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (18)

1. The electric vehicle power distribution box includes a box body, a connector is provided on the outer wall of the box body, electrical components and conductive connectors for conducting the connector and electrical components are arranged inside the box body, and the electrical components include protective devices. It is characterized in that it also includes an insulating board partition arranged in the power distribution box, and the upper top of the insulating partition board is provided with the protective device. 2. The power distribution box for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the electrical components include relays arranged on the lower side of the insulating partition. 3. The electric vehicle power distribution box according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connector includes a power connector for connecting to a power source outside the power distribution box; The first bus bar copper bar and the second bus bar copper bar at the two poles of the connector, the first bus bar copper bar is arranged on the top surface of the insulating partition, and the second bus bar copper bar is arranged on or below the bottom surface of the insulating partition and close to the insulation at the position of the partition. 4. The electric vehicle power distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that: one of the two terminals of the protection device is electrically connected to the first busbar copper bar, the other is connected to the corresponding relay, and the other of the relay is One end is connected to a terminal of the corresponding connector, and the other end of the connector is connected to the second busbar copper bar. 5. The electric vehicle power distribution box according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the power distribution box further comprises insulating pillars arranged on the bottom wall of the box body for supporting the second bus bar. 6. The power distribution box for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the box body is die-cast. 7. The electric vehicle power distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the power distribution box also includes a box cover arranged at the box mouth of the box body and adapted to the box body, the box body The position corresponding to the top and the box cover is provided with a sealing groove for installing the sealing element. 8. The power distribution box for electric vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the top of the insulating partition is provided with a mounting groove for the protection device to be installed that is recessed toward the inner side of the power distribution box . 9. The power distribution box for electric vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the inner wall of the power distribution box is provided with a mounting platform for installing insulating partitions, and the insulating partitions are fixed on the on the mounting table. 10. Electric vehicles, including a power distribution box. The power distribution box includes a box body, a connector is provided on the outer wall of the box body, and electrical components and conductive connectors for conducting the connector and electrical components are arranged inside the box body. It includes a protective device, and is characterized in that it also includes an insulating board partition arranged in the distribution box, and the upper top of the insulating partition is provided with the protective device. 11. The electric vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that: said electrical components include relays arranged on the lower side of the insulating partition. 12. The electric vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that: the connector includes a power connector for connecting to a power source outside the power distribution box; The first bus bar copper bar and the second bus bar copper bar, the first bus bar copper bar is arranged on the top surface of the insulating partition, the second bus bar copper bar is arranged on the bottom surface of the insulating partition or below the bottom surface and close to the insulating partition location. 13. The electric vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that: one of the two terminals of the protection device is electrically connected to the first busbar copper bar, the other is connected to the corresponding relay, and the other end of the relay is connected to the corresponding One terminal of the connector is connected, and the other end of the connector is connected to the second busbar copper bar. 14. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the power distribution box further comprises insulating pillars arranged on the bottom wall of the box body for supporting the second bus bar. 15. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that: the box body is formed by die-casting. 16. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: the power distribution box also includes a box cover arranged at the box opening of the box body and adapted to the box body, and the top of the box body is in contact with the box body The corresponding position of the cover is provided with a sealing groove for installing the sealing element. 17. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: the top of the insulating partition is provided with a mounting groove recessed toward the inner side of the distribution box for mounting the protective device. 18. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: the inner wall of the power distribution box is provided with a mounting platform for installing insulating partitions, and the insulating partitions are fixed on the mounting platform by screws .