CN106626369A - Three-dimensional printer having support material forming function and forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional printer having a support material forming function. The three-dimensional printer comprises a printing head component, a printing platform and a controller, the printing head component can independently move relative to the printing platform in the three-dimensional directions; the controller is electrically connected with the printing head component and the printing platform; the printing head component comprises a fusion chamber, after being fused in the fusion chamber, a print material is deposited layer by layer on the printing platform according to the preset procedures; a first power unit is loaded with a foaming agent, and the first power unit supplies the foaming agent to the fusion chamber, so that the foaming agent is mixed and fused with the print material. When a support part is printed, the foaming agent is added into the fusion chamber, the volume of the print material expands after the foaming agent and the print material are mixed and fused, the expanded fused material is deposited layer by layer on the printing platform to form the support part, the density of the support part is correspondingly reduced, and the weight of a used support material is correspondingly reduced, so that the purpose of lowering the cost is achieved.

Description

The three-dimensional printer and its forming method of function are molded with backing material

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensional printer, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material And its forming method.

Background technology

3 D-printing, also referred to as increasing material manufacturing or lamination moulding, are the processes that physical object is processed using mathematical model, In process, print object is built by successively dosing material.

The type that the method for three-dimensional fast shaping mainly includes is：Stereolithography or photocuring （Stereolithography, SLA), layer separated growth（Laminated object manufacturing, LOM), choosing Selecting property laser fusion（Selective laser Melting, SLM), fused glass pellet（Fused deposition modeling, FDM)。

At present, the three-dimensional of FDM types on the market（3D）Print most commonly seen, the production of such three-dimensional printer Cost is relatively low, and the operation for printing more is facilitated, and beginner is easily mastered.Its cardinal principle is by wire silk material such as PLA（It is poly- Lactic acid）Deng melting by high temperature nozzle, then using the continuously extruded of follow-up wire rod, the material of molten is passed through into jet expansion Extrusion, then molten material layers pile up produce three-dimensional body, for example Application No. CN201410827191.9, FDM types have been recorded in the Chinese invention patent application file of CN201510054483.8 and CN201510313735.4 Three-dimensional printer and its operation principle.

However, existing three-dimensional printer there are problems that a lot when hanging object is printed, or even hanging thing cannot be printed Body.For example, as shown in figure 1, being a kind of existing three-dimensional body with suspending part, the three-dimensional body includes main part 10 and hangs Empty portion 11, suspending part 11 is supported due to bottom surface without other, is limited to gravity factor, and in 3 D-printing this cannot be just realized The shaping of suspending part 11.When needing to print this three-dimensional body with suspending part 11 with three-dimensional printer.As shown in Fig. 2 Three-dimensional printer typically prints first main part 10, then, prints supporting part 12, so just can continue in supporting part 12 On print suspending part 11.However, this printing type needs to consume excessive backing material, this will result in the wave of resource Take, particularly when large-sized object is printed, such as when printing desk, building model or material object, the consumption of backing material is non- It is often huge, the serious manufacturing cost for increasing three-dimensional body.

The content of the invention

The main object of the present invention is to provide in a kind of solution three-dimensional body print procedure that backing material consumption is excessive asks Topic.

In order to complete above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material, its Including print head assembly, print platform and controller, print head assembly can independently be moved relative to print platform along three-dimensional It is dynamic；Controller is electrically connected respectively with print head assembly and print platform；Print head assembly includes melter, and printed material is in melting According on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform after indoor melting；First power unit is mounted with foaming agent, the first power Unit supplies foaming agent to melting interior and printed material mixed melting.

From such scheme, when supporting part is printed, foaming agent is added to melting interior, foaming agent and printing The volume of printed material is caused to expand after material mixed melting, the melted material layer by layer deposition of the expansion shape on print platform Into supporting part, the density of supporting part is accordingly reduced, and the weight of the backing material for using accordingly is reduced, so as to realize reduces cost Purpose.Especially for large-sized object, the such as shaping of human body, building model or material object, the cost savings of backing material are very Significantly.

One preferred scheme is that type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or PP tri- Dimension shaping silk；First power unit includes arranging spiral powder feeding rod in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, cavity, and spiral send Powder rod Motor drive, drives spiral powder feeding rod that foaming agent is brought into melting interior, motor and control under the work of motor Device is electrically connected with.The upstream end of cavity arranges a powder input port.

From such scheme, print head assembly only one of which printhead, the printhead can simultaneously as main part or The printing of supporting part.When type body portion, the first power unit does not work, and it is indoor that foaming agent does not enter melting.When beating When print supporting part, the first power unit is added to melting interior foaming agent, after foaming agent and printed material mixed melting Backing material is formed, backing material layer by layer deposition forms supporting part on print platform.

One preferred scheme is that print head assembly includes the first printhead and the second printhead：First printhead is loaded There is type body material, the first printhead can be independently moved with respect to print platform along three-dimensional；Second printhead includes molten Melt room, melter has first through hole and the second through hole, print backing material and enter melting interior, the first power along first through hole Unit is delivered to melter foaming agent along the second through hole.

From such scheme, when needing to print supporting part, the second printhead preparation work, foaming agent with print Volume is expanded after backing material mixed melting, and the second printhead is printing the backing material layer by layer deposition after volumetric expansion On platform.

Further preferred scheme is that type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or PP Three-dimensionally shaped silk, print backing material be the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of ABS or PP it is three-dimensional into Type dusty material；The position of the second through hole is provided with magnetic valve, the first power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and electricity Machine, arranges spiral powder feeding rod in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive, and spiral powder feeding rod is driven under the work of motor sending out Infusion brings melting interior into, and motor, magnetic valve are electrically connected with controller.

From such scheme, the backing material of pulverulence is more rapid with the mixed process of foaming agent, uniform, mixing More preferably, operating efficiency is improved effect.

One preferred scheme is to arrange a blowning installation in the position of the second through hole, and blowning installation is equal foaming agent It is even to dispel in melting interior.

Present invention also offers a kind of forming method of the three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material, 3 D-printing Machine include print head assembly, print platform and controller, print head assembly can relative to print platform along three-dimensional independently It is mobile；Controller is electrically connected respectively with print head assembly and print platform；Print head assembly includes melter, and printed material is molten Melt after indoor melting according on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform；First power unit is mounted with foaming agent, and first moves Power unit supplies foaming agent to melting interior and printed material mixed melting；

The forming method includes below step：First, preliminary step is performed, keeps three-dimensional printer in running order；So Afterwards, perform three-dimensional body main part forming step, print head assembly printed material is melted after layer by layer deposition in print platform The upper main part for forming three-dimensional body；Then, perform controller and judge step, when controller is judged to need to print three-dimensional body Supporting part when, start the first power unit work；Then, supporting part printing step is performed, the first power unit works, Motor drives to bring to melting is indoor foaming agent into after screw rod rotation and forms backing material with printed material mixed melting, prints material Material volume after foaming agent is added is expanded；Print head assembly is flat to printing the backing material layer by layer deposition of mixed melting Supporting part is formed on platform；Then, the forming step of above-mentioned three-dimensional body main part, controller are alternately performed and judge step and support The printing step of material, until completing the shaping of whole three-dimensional body.

One preferred scheme is that supporting part printing step includes initial stage and later stage, in the early stage the stage, foaming Agent is added to melting interior with the speed of first flow, and during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added to melting with the speed of second flow Interior, first flow is more than second flow；Meanwhile, in the early stage the density of the backing material that the stage is formed is less than shape during the late stages of developmet Into backing material density.

One preferred scheme is that supporting part printing step includes initial stage, mid-term stage and later stage, in the early stage Stage, foaming agent is added to melting interior with the speed of first flow, and in mid-term stage, foaming agent is added with the speed of second flow Enter to melting interior, during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added indoor to melting with the speed of the 3rd flow；First flow is more than second Flow, second flow is more than the 3rd flow, and the 3rd flow is zero；In the early stage the density of the backing material that the stage is formed is first close Degree, the density of the backing material formed in mid-term stage is the second density, and the density of the backing material for being formed during the late stages of developmet is Triple density；First density is less than the second density, and the second density is less than the main part of triple density, triple density and three-dimensional body Density is identical.

One preferred scheme is that type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or PP tri- Dimension shaping silk；First power unit includes arranging spiral powder feeding rod in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, cavity, and spiral send Powder rod Motor drive, drives spiral powder feeding rod that foaming agent is brought into melting interior, motor and control under the work of motor Device is electrically connected with.

One preferred scheme is that print head assembly includes the first printhead and the second printhead：First printhead is loaded There is type body material, the first printhead can be independently moved with respect to print platform along three-dimensional；Second printhead includes molten Melt room, melter has first through hole and the second through hole, print backing material and enter melting interior, the first power along first through hole Unit is delivered to melter foaming agent along the second through hole.Type body material be the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or ABS it is three-dimensional into Type silk or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP, it is the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of ABS to print backing material Or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PP；The position of the second through hole is provided with magnetic valve, the first power unit includes that cavity, spiral send Spiral powder feeding rod is set in powder rod and motor, cavity, and spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive drives spiral to send under the work of motor Powder rod brings melting interior into foaming agent, and motor, magnetic valve are electrically connected with controller.

Description of the drawings

With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is further detailed explanation.

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic cross-section of existing three-dimensional body.

Fig. 2 is existing a kind of printed by three-dimensional printer and the three-dimensional body with supporting part.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the three-dimensional printer with backing material shaping function of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the print head assembly of the first embodiment of the three-dimensional printer with backing material shaping function of the present invention Schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the three-dimensional printer with backing material shaping function of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is that there is print state during main part to show on the print platform of the three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment of the present invention It is intended to；

Print state schematic diagram when Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment preparation printing backing material of the present invention；

Fig. 9 is the print state schematic diagram that the three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment of the present invention prints supporting part and suspending part.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 5th of the present invention.

Figure 11 is printhead, the first feeding unit, second feeding unit of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 5th of the present invention Structural representation.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of the printhead of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 5th of the present invention.

Figure 13 is the theory three-dimensional object that preparation is printed in the memory module of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 5th of the present invention Structural representation.

Figure 14 is the theory three-dimensional object that preparation is printed in the memory module of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 5th of the present invention Mid portion structural representation.

Figure 15 is the structural representation of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 8th of the present invention.

Figure 16 is the connection diagram between the members of the embodiment of three-dimensional printer the 8th of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

First embodiment

As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material, it includes printhead cluster Part 30, print platform 13, the power unit 40 of controller 20 and first.

Print head assembly 30 is respectively relative to print platform 10 and independently moves along three-dimensional.Controller 20 respectively with beat Print head assembly 30 and print platform 13 are electrically connected.In a kind of type of drive, the motor powered rotation of controller 20, electricity Machine drives the movement of print platform 13 or print head assembly 30 by drive disk assembly.First power unit 40 is mounted with foaming agent, First power unit 40 is supplied foaming agent to melter 33 and printed material mixed melting.

As shown in figure 4, print head assembly 30 includes melter 33, silk 38 is printed by driving wheel 39 and support wheel 41 Coordinate and power is provided, printing silk 38 can progress in melter 33.Printing silk 38 is after melting in melter 33 According on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform 13.

Type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP.It is preferred that Ground, the first power unit 40 includes arranging spiral powder feeding rod in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, cavity, and spiral powder feeding rod is used Motor drive, drives spiral powder feeding rod that foaming agent is brought into indoor to melting under the work of motor, and motor is electric with controller 20 Property connection.

Print supporting part 12 when, the first power unit 40 is added to foaming agent in melter 33, foaming agent with After the printing mixed melting of silk 38 volume of printed material is expanded, the melting printed material layer by layer deposition of expansion is being beaten Supporting part 12 is formed on print platform 13, less than the undressed density for printing silk 38, what is used props up the density of supporting part 12 The weight of timbering material is accordingly reduced, so as to realize the purpose of reduces cost.Especially in large-sized object, such as manikin, The shaping of building model, the cost savings highly significant of backing material.The only one of which of print head assembly 30 of the present embodiment is beaten Print head, the printhead can as the printing of main part 10, supporting part 12 and suspending part 11, when type body portion 10, First power unit 40 is idle, that is, foaming agent do not entered in melter 33.When supporting part 12 are printed, the One power unit 40 is added to foaming agent in melter 33, and foaming agent form fid after the mixed melting of silk 38 with printing Material, backing material layer by layer deposition forms supporting part 12 on print platform 13.

The forming method of the three-dimensional printer for being molded function with backing material of the present embodiment includes below step.

First, preliminary step is performed, keeps three-dimensional printer in running order.

Then, perform the forming step of three-dimensional body main part 10, print head assembly 30 printing silk 38 is melted after by It is deposited upon on print platform 13 and forms the main part 10 of three-dimensional body.

Then, perform controller and judge step, when controller judge to need the supporting part 12 of printing three-dimensional body when Wait, start the first power unit 40 and work.

Then, the printing step of supporting part 12 is performed, the first power unit 40 works, motor is driven after screw rod rotation sending out Infusion is brought into melter 33 and prints the mixed melting of silk 38 formation backing material, and printed material is after foaming agent is added Volume is expanded.Print head assembly 30 forms supporting part the backing material layer by layer deposition of mixed melting on print platform 13 12。

Finally, after the printing step of supporting part 12 is completed, print on supporting part 12 and form suspending part 11, complete whole The shaping of three-dimensional body.

Second embodiment

The three-dimensional printer with backing material shaping function of the present embodiment is identical with first embodiment, below only with regard to difference Make description in place.As shown in figure 5, print head assembly includes the first printhead 31 and the second printhead 32.In first printhead 31 Type body material is mounted with, the first printhead 31 can be independently moved with respect to print platform 13 along three-dimensional.Second prints 32 include melter 33, and melter 33 has first through hole and the second through hole, print backing material along first through hole（Melter Side or top surface）Into in melter 33, the first power unit is delivered to melter 33 foaming agent along the second through hole.

First printhead 31 completes the printing step of main part 10 and suspending part 11.When type body portion 10, the The step of two printheads 32 have completed foaming agent and printed the mixed melting of silk, volume is expanded.Second printhead 32 Preparation work, the second printhead 32 forms supporting part the backing material layer by layer deposition after volumetric expansion on print platform 13 12, this mode compares first embodiment and saves the time.Type body material be the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or ABS it is three-dimensional into Type silk or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP, it is the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of ABS to print backing material Or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PP.

Compared to a printhead of first embodiment, the technical scheme of two printheads of the present embodiment can be carried significantly High workload efficiency, in the first embodiment, a printhead is needed in melter 33 after the printing step for completing main part 10 Interior mixing adds the printing step that can just continue supporting part 12 after foaming agent, it is clear that the operating efficiency of this mode is slower.Phase Than for, first printhead 31 of the present embodiment is completed after the print job of main part 10, and the second printhead 32 can be pre- The mixed melting step of foaming agent and printed material is first completed, so as to be obviously improved operating efficiency.

It is individual in other embodiments, the position of the second through hole is provided with magnetic valve.First power unit includes cavity, spiral shell Spiral powder feeding rod is set in rotation powder feeding rod and motor, cavity, and spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive drives spiral shell under the work of motor Rotation powder feeding rod is brought foaming agent in melter 33 into, and motor, magnetic valve are electrically connected with controller.When adopting in this way, The backing material of dusty material is more rapid with foaming agent mixed process, uniform, and more preferably, operating efficiency is improved mixed effect. In preferred scheme, one blowning installation is set in the position of the second through hole, blowning installation uniformly dispels foaming agent molten Melt in room 33.

In some preferred embodiments, the printing step of supporting part 12 includes initial stage and later stage.In the early stage Stage, foaming agent is added to melting interior with the speed of first flow, and during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added with the speed of second flow Enter to melting interior, first flow is more than second flow.Therefore, in the early stage the density of the backing material that the stage is formed is less than rear The density of the backing material that stage phase is formed, resulting in the different supporting part 12 of the density of diverse location.

In some preferred embodiments, supporting part printing step includes initial stage, mid-term stage and later stage. Initial stage, foaming agent is added to melting interior with the speed of first flow, and in mid-term stage, foaming agent is with the speed of second flow Rate is added to melting interior, and during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added indoor to melting with the speed of the 3rd flow；First flow is more than Second flow, second flow is more than the 3rd flow, and the 3rd flow is zero.In the early stage the density of the backing material that the stage is formed is the One density, mid-term stage formed backing material density be the second density, the backing material for being formed during the late stages of developmet it is close Spend for triple density；First density is less than the second density, and the second density is less than the master of triple density, triple density and three-dimensional body Body portion density is identical.Thus, the density of supporting part 12 includes successively from bottom to top the first density supporting part, the second density supporting part With triple density supporting part, triple density supporting part is identical with original print silk density, and such mode contributes to suspending part 11 bottom surface is molded on triple density supporting part 12.

3rd embodiment

The present embodiment has made further improvement on the basis of the three-dimensional printer of first embodiment.As shown in fig. 6, for originally The three-dimensional printer with backing material printhead that embodiment is provided, the three-dimensional printer includes print head assembly and prints flat Platform 120.

Print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform 120 along three-dimensional.Controller 130 respectively with printing Head assembly and print platform 120 are directly or indirectly electrically connected, and controller can be a single-chip microcomputer or chip processor or electricity Brain or PLC（Programmable logic controller (PLC)）Program.Print head assembly includes the first printhead 141, the second printhead 142 and the 3rd Printhead 143.First printhead 141 is mounted with type body material, and the first printhead 141 can be with respect to print platform 120 along three Dimension is directionally independently mobile.Second printhead 142 is mounted with printing backing material, and the second printhead 142 can be with respect to print platform 120 independently move along three-dimensional.

First printhead 141 and the second printhead 142 can take the mode of wire silk fusion sediment to be printed, silk The transmission of shape material, the process of melting extrusion shaping adopt the printhead of existing three-dimensional printer.For example, the first printhead 141 and second printhead 142 can adopt MakerBot companies of the U.S. with the silks such as PLA, ABS transmission, melting, print work( The printhead of energy.Type body material and printing backing material can select the existing filamentary material for 3 D-printing, example Such as PLA（PLA）, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), PVC（Polyvinyl chloride）, PC（Merlon）.

Binding agent is mounted with 3rd printhead 143, the 3rd printhead 143 can be a spray gun, and spray gun is binding agent It is sprayed in gripper shoe 150.3rd printhead 143 can also be an application device, and application device can be in controller 130 Certain thickness binding agent is smeared in gripper shoe 150 under control, the effect of binding agent is that the bottom surface of supporting part is adhered to Firmly in gripper shoe 150, the position that can so avoid supporting part is moved, and in the event of position movement printed matter can be then caused The deviation of body.Binding agent can for example select following material：Cyanoacrylates, thixotropy (pseudoplastic behavior) cyanoacrylate Acid esters binding agent, the thixotropy a- cyanoacrylates of stable storing, fast solidification cyanoacrylate ester knot agent, cyano group The priming paint of acrylate adhesives, anaerobic curable adhesive, the anaerobic adhesive of high intensity stable storing, industrial glue Water, medical glue etc..

Gripper shoe component has the travel mechanism and gripper shoe 150 for linking together, and travel mechanism drives the phase of gripper shoe 150 For print platform 120 is moved on three-dimensional.The edge part of gripper shoe 150 is flexible edge part, and flexible edge part is for example For silica gel, when gripper shoe 150 moves close to main part 10, flexible edge part can play certain cushioning effect, keep away Exempt from it is rigid strike main part 10 after its surface is caused to damage, or rigid shock causes the position of main part 10 to be moved It is dynamic, and the deviation that the movement of this position is caused can cause the precise decreasing of three-dimensional body.Flexible edge part be also provided with away from From sensor, range sensor for example can be infrared sensor or the range sensor based on other principles, when sensor sense The distance apart from main part 10 should be arrived less than after certain distance, controller 130 controls and reduces moving the mobile speed of gripper shoe 150 Rate, range sensor can be a touching switch.Range sensor, the first printhead 141, the second printhead 142, the 3rd dozen Print 143, print platform 120, gripper shoe 150 are directly or indirectly electrically connected with controller 130, and controller 130 is thus Control their work.For example in a kind of mode, the rotation of the controlled motor of controller 130, motor is realized by drive disk assembly To the first printhead 141, the second printhead 142, the 3rd printhead 143, print platform 120, gripper shoe 150 mobile control.

The forming method of the three-dimensional printer with backing material printhead of the present embodiment includes below step.

First, preparation process is performed, starts the switch of three-dimensional printer, to print head assembly and the position of print platform 120 Put and calibrated, controller 130 obtains each layer data information of three-dimensional body, and three-dimensional body is three-dimensional body as shown in Figure 2, The three-dimensional body has main part 10, suspending part 11 and supporting part 12, and suspending part 11 connects respectively with supporting part 12 and main part 10 Connect.

Then, as shown in fig. 7, the printing step in executive agent portion 10, the first printhead 141 type body material successively The first height 121 being deposited on the up to print platform 120 of print platform 120, is consequently formed main part 10, is performing this step When rapid, gripper shoe 150 is distant apart from print platform 120, and in other words, gripper shoe 150 is not in print platform 120 In view field.

Then, as shown in figure 8, the step of performing mobile gripper shoe 150, it is three-dimensional that controller 130 sends instruction preparation printing The supporting part 12 of object.The part movement of the edge part of gripper shoe 150 is simultaneously touched to main part 10.Specifically, travel mechanism The second height 122 of gripper shoe 150 to the top of print platform 120 is driven, gripper shoe 150 is moved to first close with first rate The position of the vertical portion of main part 10, the sensor sensing of flexible edge part is less than setting to its distance apart from main part 10 After distance, it is slow near main part 10 with the second speed that controller 130 controls gripper shoe 150, until flexible edge part touches After supporting part 10, gripper shoe 150 then stops the movement in horizontal direction.Because flexible edge part has elasticity, therefore can rise To good cushioning effect, preferably using energy absorbing material or space wadding, space wadding can be to greatest extent for flexible edge part Reduce percussion of the gripper shoe 150 to main part 10.Second height 122 is in the lower section of the first height 121.

Then, as shown in figure 9, perform supporting part 12 printing step, the second printhead 142 in gripper shoe 150 successively Printing forms supporting part 12.Because the position that gripper shoe 150 can move to the second height 122 is used to undertake support portion 12, because This supporting part 12 needs the highly significant for printing less.It is the first height that existing supporting part 12 needs the normal level for printing 121.Finally, the printing step of suspending part 11 is performed, the first printhead 141 is successively printed on supporting part 12 and forms suspending part 11.Suspending part 11 prints the printing that whole three-dimensional body can be just completed after finishing.

Fourth embodiment：

The present embodiment is essentially identical with above-mentioned 3rd embodiment, is only given with regard to difference is discussed in detail below.

, less than the density of main part 10, the size of density can be according to specifically beating for the density of the supporting part 12 of the present embodiment India side formula determines, printhead extrude one thread printed material of melting in gripper shoe 150, horizontal filamentary material with it is longitudinal Filamentary material is overlapped and intersected, and eventually forms the three-dimensional body of a Rotating fields.Main part 10 generally requires the higher structure of density, And supporting part 12 is due to playing certain supporting role just for the sake of temporary, therefore can print to form loose, density Relatively low structure.After three-dimensional body shaping, then need to remove supporting part 12.The density of main part 10 is close with suspending part 11 Degree is identical.

The print head assembly of the present embodiment also includes the 3rd printhead 143, and in the 3rd printhead 143 binding agent is mounted with, Before supporting part printing step is performed, the 3rd printhead 143 smears a layer binder in gripper shoe 150, supporting part 12 Ground floor（Following bottom）It is covered on the binding agent in gripper shoe 150.Due to the present embodiment supporting part 12 density compared with It is little and more loose, therefore the second printhead 142 in gripper shoe 150 when printing backing material, the face of going to the bottom of supporting part 12 Easily there is position movement, after a layer binder is sprayed in gripper shoe 150, binding agent can rise to the bottom surface of supporting part 12 To effect is adhered fixed, so as to the unexpected position for avoiding supporting part 12 is moved.

In other embodiments, gripper shoe 150 is circular base slab, and circular base slab can rotate in a circumferential direction around its center of circle. First area, second area, the 3rd region can be marked off on circular base slab, wherein, first area is printing first As the reserved area in the portion that undertakes support during three-dimensional body, second area undertakes support portion as when printing second three-dimensional body Reserved area, the 3rd region print the 3rd three-dimensional body when as the portion that undertakes support reserved area.When printing is completed During first three-dimensional body, the supporting part or binding agent remained on the first area on circular base slab can hinder second three-dimensional The printing of object.Even if removing after supporting part on the supporting plate, this blanketing is still present, because removing supporting part When, the bottom surface of supporting part is likely to residual solids in the upper surface of circular base slab, if directly changing circular support Plate is cleaned to it, then can reduce operating efficiency.Now, after circular base slab rotates to an angle around its center of circle, make The projection for obtaining the suspending part of second three-dimensional body can just in second area, and second area is clean surface, therefore Can be used as the printing of supporting part.After the printing of second three-dimensional body is completed, circular base slab is certain around its center of circle rotation After angle so that the projection of the suspending part of the three-dimensional body that the 3rd preparation is printed just in the 3rd region, due to the 3rd area Domain is clean surface, therefore can be used as the print area of the supporting part of the 3rd three-dimensional body, the support in the 3rd region After the completion of the printing in portion, then the print procedure for completing the suspending part of the 3rd three-dimensional body.

5th embodiment

The 3 D-printing of the present embodiment has made further improvement on the basis of several embodiments above.As shown in Figure 10, The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes print head assembly, print platform 210 and controller 220.Print head assembly has multiple Printhead, the print head assembly of the present embodiment includes the first printhead 231, the second printhead 232 and the 3rd printhead 233.Beat Print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform 210 along three-dimensional.Controller 220 respectively with the first printhead 231, The electrical connection of second printhead 232, the 3rd printhead 233 and the controlling of print platform 210.For example in a kind of mode, controller The rotation of 220 controlled motors, motor is realized printing the first printhead 231, the second printhead the 232, the 3rd by drive disk assembly 233, the mobile control of print platform 210.

A kind of printing silk of color is mounted with each printhead, specifically, in the first printhead 231 white is loaded Silk is printed, red printing silk is loaded in the second printhead 232, in the 3rd printhead 233 blue line print silk is loaded.Print Silk is PLA（PLA）Three-dimensionally shaped silk or ABS（Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer）Three-dimensionally shaped silk Material or PP（Polypropylene）Three-dimensionally shaped silk or PVC（Polyvinyl chloride）Three-dimensionally shaped silk or（PE）The three-dimensionally shaped silk of polyethylene Material.Print silk and be specifically also an option that other colors, such as yellow, green, grey.

As shown in figure 11, printhead includes melter 234, prints silk 235 after melting in melter 234 from nozzle 239 spray, and according on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform 210.Printing silk 235 can lean on two delivery wheel movements Silk 235 is printed to melter 234, two delivery wheels include a driving wheel 236 and a driven pulley 237, driving wheel 236 Can be rotated by motor.The distal end for printing silk 235 is wrapped on silk disk, and silk disk is suspended on the machine of three-dimensional printer On frame.

As shown in figure 12, the first power unit includes the first cavity 241, the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 and the first motor 243, first spiral powder feeding rod 242 is set in the first cavity 241, the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 is driven with the first motor 243, Drive the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 that glass fibre 244 is brought into melter 234 under the work of the first motor 243, first is electric Machine 243 is electrically connected with controller 220.The rotating speed that controller 220 passes through the first motor 243 of control, and then control the first spiral The rotating speed of powder feeding roller 242, the final control for realizing supplying the first power unit powder speed.In other embodiments, the first cavity One the first electromagnetic valve is set at 241 first outlet 245, and the size of the first electromagnetic valve can be carried out according to uninterrupted Regulation and control, the first electromagnetic valve can also realize the regulation for powder speed.First power unit is mounted with glass fibre 244, and first Power unit supplies glass fibre 244 to melter 234 and prints the mixed melting in melter 234 of silk 235.

The schematic structure of the second power unit refers to the structure of above-mentioned first power unit, and they are essentially identical.Second Power unit includes arranging the second spiral powder feeding rod in the second cavity, the second spiral powder feeding rod and the second motor, the second cavity, the Two spiral the second Motor drives of powder feeding rod, drive the second spiral powder feeding rod plastics softening agent band under the work of the second motor Enter to melter 234, the second motor is electrically connected with controller 220.The rotating speed that controller 220 passes through the second motor of control, And then the rotating speed of the second spiral powder feeding roller of control, the final control for realizing supplying the second power unit powder speed, in other enforcements In example, second electromagnetic valve is set, the size of the second electromagnetic valve can be according to flow at the second outlet of the second cavity Size is regulated and controled, and the second electromagnetic valve can also realize the regulation for powder speed.Second power unit is mounted with plastics softening Agent, the second power unit supplies plastics softening agent to melter 234 and prints the mixed melting of silk 235.Plastics softening agent Specifically can select：PVC（Polyvinyl chloride）Softening agent, PE（Polyethylene）Softening agent or PP（Polypropylene）Softening agent or other are right Answer the softening agent of printed material.

Glass fibre, the addition of plastics softening agent are adjusted according to specific needs.It is general to arrive percentage 5/1000ths One of, with specific reference to needing to add different amounts of plastics softening agent or glass fibre, printed with the melting for obtaining different softness numberes Material, finally obtains the three-dimensional body of different softness numberes.

The forming method of the high accuracy color three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes below step.The present embodiment preparation is beaten Three-dimensional body as shown in fig. 13 that is printed, in a storage module, the three-dimensional body 250 has the data information memory of the three-dimensional body Lower portion 251, mid portion 252 and upper portion 253, wherein lower portion 251 for white, mid portion 252 for it is red, Upper portion 253 is grey.As shown in figure 14, mid portion 252 specifically includes Part I 254, Part II 255 and the 3rd Part 256, the wherein hardness of Part I 254 are identical with the hardness for printing silk 235, and the hardness of Part II 255 is more than beats The hardness of print silk 235, the hardness of Part III 256 is less than the hardness for printing silk 235.

First, preliminary step is performed, keeps three-dimensional printer in running order.

Then, execution prints silk color selecting step, and the silk for selecting a kind of color is printed, due to the three of preparation printing The lower portion 251 of dimension object is white, therefore selects the first to print the color of silk for white first.Controller 220 is controlled Make the first printhead 231 to work, the first printhead 231 drives the printing silk of white to be deposited on print platform 210 after melting Form lower portion 251.

Then, after lower portion 251 prints to be finished, the print procedure of mid portion 252, controller 220 are proceeded by Control to be deposited on print platform 210 after the second printhead 232 melts red silk in melter 234 and form mid portion 252。

Execution judges step, and controller 220 sends judgement signal, judges to perform printing Part I 254 or Part II 255 or the order of Part III 256.When the order for printing Part I 254 is performed, selected printing silk is in melter Formation Part I 254 on print platform 210 is deposited in 234 after melting.When the order for printing Part II 255 is performed, First feeding unit supplies glass fibre 244 according to given pace melting interior and the printing silk to the second printhead 232 Formation Part II 255 on print platform 210 is deposited on after mixed melting.When the order for printing Part III 256 is performed, the Two feeding units are melted according to the melting that given pace is added to the second printhead 232 plastics softening agent is indoor with printing silk Print platform 210 is deposited on after mixing and forms Part III 256.Specifically, because Part I 254 is in lower end, therefore control Device 220 controls to print Part I 254 first, then prints Part II 255, finally prints Part III 256.When printing first When part 254, due to Part I 254 need hardness with printing silk hardness it is identical, therefore it may only be necessary to directly handle Redness is printed and is deposited on print platform 210 after silk melting.After the completion of Part I 254 is printed, second is proceeded by The printing of part 255, more than the hardness for printing silk, controller 220 sends signal to the hardness of Part II 255, starts first Feeding unit works, and the first feeding unit is supplied glass fibre to melter 234 and printed according to the speed of first flow Silk mixed melting.The hardness of the printing silk after mixed melting is greater than itself hardness for printing silk, after mixed melting Printed material layer by layer deposition forms Part II 255 on print platform 210.Part II 255 print after the completion of, start into The printing of row Part III 256, less than the hardness for printing silk, controller 220 sends signal, opens the hardness of Part III 256 Dynamic second feeding unit work, the second feeding unit is supplied plastics softening agent to melter 234 according to second flow speed With printing silk mixed melting.The hardness of the printing silk after mixed melting is less than itself hardness for printing silk, and mixing is molten Printing silk layer by layer deposition after melting forms Part III 256 on print platform.

Finally, above-mentioned silk color selecting step and interpretation step are repeated, until complete whole three-dimensional body into Type, forms high accuracy 3 D color object.

From such scheme, single silk can adjust hardness according to specific needs, and then obtain in diverse location 3 D color object with different hardness.

Sixth embodiment

The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment is essentially identical with the 5th embodiment, only describes in detail with regard to difference below.

The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment also includes case hardness sensor, and case hardness sensor can be ultrasonic hardness Sensor or other existing sensors for being suitable for determining surface of solids hardness.Case hardness sensor is used for detection and is beating The hardness of the three-dimensional body formed on print platform, case hardness sensor is electrically connected with the controller.

Controller has comparison module and memory module.The hardness data that comparison module detects case hardness sensor It is compared with the hardness data in memory module.After the forming step for completing first three-dimensional body, it may be necessary to repeat The three-dimensional body is printed, to form second, the three-dimensional body of three or more duplicate printings.Often complete a three-dimensional body Shaping after, case hardness sensor completes the detection of the hardness on the surface to the three-dimensional body and obtains hardness data.

The setting that the present embodiment passes through comparison module and memory module, increased the function of a hardness calibration, concrete real Now the step of calibration function is as follows.After the forming step for completing first three-dimensional body, case hardness sensor obtains the The hardness data of the Part I, Part II and Part III of one three-dimensional body, comparison module the hardness data with deposit Hardness data in storage module is compared to each other and sends sentences segment signal.Hardness data in memory module is theoretical hardness data, Because the structure of different printers is different, external environment such as temperature, humidity is also different, according to the theoretical hardness data-printing shape Into actual hardness and theoretical hardness data of three-dimensional body can there is deviation, also, this degree of deviation is possible to larger and super Cross certain scope.By program setting, if hard in the hardness data that detects of case hardness sensor and memory module There is deviation in degrees of data, and deviation exceedes certain threshold value.Controller then accordingly adjusts the first feeding unit and adds to printhead The indoor glass fibre of melting speed, or adjust the second feeding unit and add to the speed of the indoor plastics softening agent of melting Rate.Specifically, when the hardness that case hardness sensor detects the Part II of three-dimensional body is less than theoretical hardness, During the same position of second three-dimensional body of printing, controller is then accordingly accelerated the first feeding unit and is added to the indoor glass of melting The speed of glass fiber, after glass fibre adds speed to improve, the three-dimensional obtained after glass fibre and printing silk mixed melting The hardness of object increases therewith.For another example, when the hardness that case hardness sensor detects the Part III of three-dimensional body is more than When theoretical hardness, in the same position of second three-dimensional body of printing, controller then accordingly accelerates the second feeding unit Add to the speed of the indoor plastics softening agent of melting, after the addition speed of plastics softening agent is improved, plastics softening agent with beat The hardness of the three-dimensional body obtained after print silk mixed melting is decreased.

7th embodiment

In the 5th embodiment, the first printhead 231 is used to print lower portion 251, and the second printhead 232 is used to print centre Part 252, the 3rd printhead 233 is used to print upper portion 253.Second printhead of the present embodiment includes the first child print Head, the second child print head and the 3rd child print head.Wherein, the first child print head, the second child print head and the 3rd child print head are equal For load it is red print silk, the second printhead dedicated for printing the red mid portion of three-dimensional body, the present embodiment it is red Color mid portion also includes Part I, Part II and Part III.First child print head dedicated for print Part I, When Part I is printed, then combined fiberglass and printing silk form the printing material that hardness is strengthened to the second child print head Material, is finally deposited on print platform and forms Part II；Meanwhile, the 3rd child print head then mixed plastic softening agent and print silk Material forms the printed material of hardness reduction.This printing type can be obviously improved the shaping efficiency of three-dimensional body.

8th embodiment

The present embodiment has made further improvement on the basis of above-described embodiment.The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes Print head assembly and print platform, print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform along three-dimensional.Controller point Do not electrically connect with print head assembly and print platform.

As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, print head assembly includes the first powder feeding part 310, the second powder feeding part 320 and the 3rd powder feeding Part 330.

First powder feeding part 310 has the first hollow cylinder 311, and in the first hollow cylinder 311 the first spiral powder feeding rod is arranged 312, the upstream end of the first hollow cylinder 310 is provided with the first powder input port 313, and the downstream of the first hollow cylinder 311 arranges the One outlet 314.Word " upstream " refers to the front end of powder printed material direct of travel in the first hollow cylinder 311, word " under Trip " refers to the rear end of powder printed material direct of travel in the first hollow cylinder 311.Red powder printed material is loaded in In one hollow cylinder 311, the position of first outlet 314 is provided with first flow sensor and the first valve, first flow sensing Device be used for the position of real-time monitoring first outlet 314 red powder printed material flow, and in real time monitoring signals transmit to Controller 340.First flow sensor can be using existing poweder flowmeter or powder flow gauge.Red powder printed material Enter in the first hollow cylinder 310 along the first powder input port 313, the first spiral powder feeding rod 312 drives red powder printed material To the rotating speed that the position of the first outlet 314 of the first hollow cylinder 311, controller 340 pass through the first spiral powder feeding rod 312 of regulation Or first valve openings of sizes and the flow that red powder printed material enters into mixed melting room 350 is adjusted. First valve preferably controls the powder formula electromagnetic valve of flow of powder.

The structure of the second powder feeding part 320 is essentially identical with the structure of the first powder feeding part.Second powder feeding part 320 has in second Second spiral powder feeding rod is set in empty cylinder, the second hollow cylinder, and the upstream end of the second hollow cylinder is provided with the second powder input port, The downstream of the second hollow cylinder arranges second outlet.Green powder printed material in the second hollow cylinder, second outlet Position is provided with second flow sensor, and second flow sensor is used for the green powder of real-time monitoring second outlet position and prints The flow of material, and monitoring signals are transmitted to controller in real time.Second flow sensor using existing poweder flowmeter or Powder flow gauge.Green powder printed material enters to the second hollow cylinder along the second powder input port, and the second spiral powder feeding rod drives The second outlet of green powder printed material to the second hollow cylinder, controller by adjust the second spiral powder feeding rod rotating speed with And second the openings of sizes of valve the flow that green powder printed material enters into mixed melting room 350 is adjusted.

The structure of the 3rd powder feeding part 330 is also essentially identical with the structure of the first powder feeding part.3rd powder feeding part 330 has the 3rd 3rd spiral powder feeding rod is set in hollow cylinder, the 3rd hollow cylinder, and the upstream end of the 3rd hollow cylinder is provided with the 3rd plus powder Mouthful, the downstream of the 3rd hollow cylinder arranges the 3rd and exports.In the 3rd hollow cylinder, the 3rd exports blue powder printed material Position be provided with the 3rd flow sensor, the 3rd flow sensor is used for the blue powder of the exit position of real-time monitoring the 3rd and beats The flow of printed material material, and monitoring signals are transmitted to controller in real time.3rd flow sensor adopts existing poweder flowmeter Or powder flow gauge.Blue powder printed material enters to the 3rd hollow cylinder, the 3rd spiral powder feeding rod band along the 3rd powder input port Dynamic blue powder printed material to the 3rd of the 3rd hollow cylinder exports, the rotating speed that controller passes through the 3rd spiral powder feeding rod of regulation And the 3rd the openings of sizes of valve the flow that blue powder printed material enters into mixed melting room 350 is adjusted.

Mixed melting room 350 has the first import 351, the second import 352, triple feed inlet 353 and printing nozzle 354, the One outlet 314 is connected with the first import 351, and second outlet is connected with the second import 352, and the 3rd outlet and triple feed inlet 353 connect It is logical.Be provided with agitating element 341 and heating element heater 342 in mixed melting room 350, agitating element 341 and heating element heater 342 with Controller 340 is electrically connected with.Weight sensor 343 is provided with print platform 360, weight sensor 343 can be with real-time monitoring Weight data on print platform 360, and data-signal real-time Transmission to controller 340.Controller 340 is also respectively with One flow sensor 344, the flow sensor 346 of second flow sensor 345 and the 3rd are electrically connected with.Thus, controller 340 can With the quality for obtaining the red powder printed material that the first powder feeding part 310 is added in mixed melting room 350 in real time, can also be real When obtain the quality of the green powder printed material that the second powder feeding part 320 is added in mixed melting room 350, can also obtain in real time Obtain the quality of the blue powder printed material that the 3rd powder feeding part 330 is added in mixed melting room 350.

The forming method includes below step.

First, preparation process is performed, starts the switch of three-dimensional printer, to print head assembly and the position of print platform 360 Put and calibrated, controller 340 obtains each layer data information of three-dimensional body, each layer data information includes color data information, Three-dimensional printer preparation prints the melted material of the first color.Controller 340 includes a processor, and processor is by analysis And calculating, the weight proportion for determining the melted material of the first color is:The mass parts of red powder printed material 10 are added, is added The mass parts of green powder printed material 10, add the mass parts of blue powder printed material 10.

Then, powder feeding step is performed, the first powder feeding part 310 to mixed melting room 350 adds the first mass parts（10 mass Part）Red powder printed material, the real-time monitoring red powder printed material of first flow sensor 344 is added to mixed melting Weight in room 350, and information transfer to controller 340.When adding the amount in mixed melting room 350 to 10 mass parts, First powder feeding part 310 stops adding red powder printed material into mixed melting room 350.Second powder feeding part 320 is to mixing Melter 350 adds the second mass parts（10 mass parts）Green powder printed material, the real-time monitoring of second flow sensor 345 Green powder printed material is added to the weight in mixed melting room 350, and information transfer to controller 340, it is mixed when adding When closing the amount in melter 350 to 10 mass parts, the control of controller 340 stops the second powder feeding part 320 into mixed melting room 350 Add green powder printed material.3rd powder feeding part 330 to mixed melting room 350 adds the 3rd mass parts（10 mass parts）'s Blue powder printed material, the real-time monitoring blue powder printed material of the 3rd flow sensor 346 is added to mixed melting room 350 Interior weight, and information transfer to controller 340, when addition is to 10 mass parts, the control of controller 340 stops to mixing Blue powder printed material is added in melter 350.Passed by controller 340, first flow sensor 344, second flow The coordinated of the flow sensor 346 of sensor 345 and the 3rd, realizes red powder printed material, green powder printed material The precise control in mixed melting room 350 is added to blue powder printed material, it is possible thereby to realize high-precision three-dimensional object Shaping.In a kind of alternative embodiment, it is also possible to omit first flow sensor 344, second flow sensor 345 and Three flow sensors 346, but by the rotating speed of the controlled motor of controller 340, motor drive the first spiral powder feeding rod 312, the The rotation of two spiral powder feeding rods or the 3rd spiral powder feeding rod and the dusty material of firm discharge is delivered to mixed melting room 350 It is interior, meanwhile, the record time is needed, obtained adding the powder in mixed melting room 350 to print material according to the relation of time and flow The weight of material.Although the accuracy of this alternative can also obtain the mixed of different colours not as the mode of sensor Close melted material.

Then, perform mixing and melt step, the red powder printed material of 10 mass parts, the green powder of 10 mass parts The blue powder printed material of printed material and 10 mass parts occurs to obtain the first after mixing, melting in mixed melting room 50 The melted material of color, mixed process certain time melts certain time such as 45 seconds in such as 30 seconds or 1 minute to uniform Or 2 minutes to uniform.

Then, execution level printing step, the melted material of the first color forms predetermined three-dimensional on print platform 360 Figure, weight sensor 343 obtains weight data information, monitors the three-dimensional article that 15 mass parts are increased on print platform 360 Body, the data message real-time Transmission to controller 340, controller 340 learns the melting in mixed melting room 350 after computing The gross weight residue of material should be 15 mass parts, wherein, red printed material, green printed material and blue line print material are total Quality in weight is respectively 5 mass parts.

Then, if the preparation of controller 340 prints the melted material of second color, the melted material of second color Theoretical weight proportioning is:The mass parts of red powder printed material 8 are added, the mass parts of green powder printed material 7 are added, is added blue The mass parts of color powder printed material 6.Understand through calculating, perform color change step, color change step is：Control first is sent Powder part 310 adds the red powder printed material of 3 mass parts into mixed melting room 350, and the second powder feeding part 320 of control is to mixing The green powder printed material of 2 mass parts, the 3rd powder feeding part 330 of control is added to add into mixed melting room 350 in melter 350 Enter the blue powder printed material of 1 mass parts.Finally, the melting material of second color is obtained after mixing and melting step Material.

Then, layer printing step and color change step are repeated, until completing the shaping of three-dimensional body.

In other embodiments, print head assembly also includes backing material printhead, and backing material printhead can be relative to Print platform is independently moved along three-dimensional.Three-dimensional printer also includes alarm device, and alarm device electrically connects with controller Connect；After the dusty material loaded in the first powder feeding part and/or the second powder feeding part and/or the 3rd powder feeding part is less than setting value, control Device processed sends signal control alarm device and sends alarm.One or more colour recognition sensings are provided with mixed melting room 350 Device, Tansducer For Color Distiguishing is electrically connected with controller, and Tansducer For Color Distiguishing can be strengthened to obtaining in mixed melting room 350 The color of mixed melting printed material be monitored and measure, when missing occurs in its color detected in mixed melting room 350 After difference, detection signal is transmitted to controller 340 by Tansducer For Color Distiguishing, the feedback control of controller 340 adjusts first and send Powder part, the second powder feeding part and the 3rd powder feeding part are added to the amount of the dusty material in mixed melting room 350, are achieved in three kinds of face Proportion adjustment of the toner powder material in mixed melting room 350, finally realizes the regulation to mixed melting indoor color, so as to To a kind of higher three-dimensional body of color accuracy.Tansducer For Color Distiguishing is preferably disposed on the nozzle location of mixed melting room. Upper lateral part in mixed melting room 350 arranges an air blast, and the controlling switch of air blast is electrically connected with controller 340, air blast Machine can preferably provide the air-flow of continuation rotation, and the air-flow of rotation drives red powder printed material, green powder to print material Material and the premixing of blue powder printed material.Negative pressure device can also be set in mixed melting room 350, negative pressure device to interior carries For negative-pressure air-flow, negative-pressure air-flow especially needs to provide in the position of the first import 351, the second import 352 and triple feed inlet 353, It is fast along the first import 351, the second import 352 and triple feed inlet 353 that the setting of negative-pressure air-flow contributes to different dusty materials Speed, fully enter in mixed melting room 350.In order that the mixed melting material that mixed melting room 350 obtains is easier Spray from printing nozzle 354, a screw rod can be set in mixed melting room 350, can add after electric motor driven screw rotation Fast mixed melting material is sprayed by printing nozzle 354.The aperture position of printing nozzle 354 is provided with electromagnetic valve, electromagnetic valve It is electrically connected with controller 340, when the dusty material of the shades of colour in mixed melting room 350 is in mixed melting, electricity Magnet valve door is in closure state, until the color that Tansducer For Color Distiguishing detects the melted material in mixed melting room 350 reaches To theory demands color when, the electromagnetic valve of the position of 340 open printing nozzle of controller 354.

First flow sensor, second flow sensor, the 3rd flow sensor, Tansducer For Color Distiguishing, weight sensing Device directly or indirectly can be connected with controller.Connected mode can be wired connection or wireless connection, and wireless connection is for example For WiFi connections, bluetooth connection etc..Sensor can send signal antenna including one, and supplying cell, controller includes one Receive signal antenna, supplying cell.Controller includes a PLC program or chip processor, or controller is exactly One computer or mobile phone, staff can pass through the control of the computer or mobile phone realization to three-dimensional printer.

According to the principle of color proportioning, the face of concrete needs can be obtained after being adjusted to the part by weight of three-primary colours Color.Specifically, the flow of the powder printed material of three kinds of colors can be adjusted according to specific needs, so as to be needed The printed material of the different colours after the mixed melting wanted.

Claims (10)

1. there is backing material to be molded the three-dimensional printer of function, including：

Print head assembly；

Print platform, the print head assembly can be independently moved relative to the print platform along three-dimensional；

Controller, electrically connects respectively with the print head assembly and the print platform；

Characterized in that,

The print head assembly includes melter, and printed material is after the indoor melting of the melting according to preset program layer by layer deposition To on the print platform；

First power unit, is mounted with foaming agent, and first power unit supplies indoor to the melting the foaming agent With the printed material mixed melting.

2. it is according to claim 1 with backing material be molded function three-dimensional printer, it is characterised in that

The type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP；

First power unit includes arranging the spiral powder feeding rod, institute in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, the cavity State the spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive, under the work of the motor drive spiral powder feeding rod the foaming agent bring into The melting is indoor, and the motor is electrically connected with the controller.

3. it is according to claim 1 with backing material be molded function three-dimensional printer, it is characterised in that

The print head assembly includes the first printhead and the second printhead：

First print head cartridge is loaded with type body material, first printhead can relatively described print platform along three-dimensional side To independently moving；

Second printhead includes the melter, and the melter has first through hole and the second through hole, prints fid Material enters the melting interior along the first through hole, and first power unit is the foaming agent along second through hole It is delivered to the melter.

4. it is according to claim 3 with backing material be molded function three-dimensional printer, it is characterised in that

The type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP, described to beat Print backing material is the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PP；

The position of second through hole is provided with magnetic valve, first power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and electricity The spiral powder feeding rod, the spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive, in the work lower band of motor are set in machine, the cavity Dynamic spiral powder feeding rod brings the melting interior into the foaming agent, and the motor, the magnetic valve are electric with the controller Property connection.

5. the three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material according to any one of claim 3 or 4, its feature exists In,

One blowning installation is set in the position of second through hole, the blowning installation uniformly dispels the foaming agent in institute State melting indoor.

6. there is backing material to be molded the forming method of the three-dimensional printer of function, three-dimensional printer includes：

Print head assembly；

Print platform, the print head assembly can be independently moved relative to the print platform along three-dimensional；

Controller, electrically connects respectively with the print head assembly and the print platform；

Characterized in that,

The print head assembly includes melter, and printed material is after the indoor melting of the melting according to preset program layer by layer deposition To on the print platform；

First power unit, is mounted with foaming agent, and first power unit supplies indoor to the melting the foaming agent With the printed material mixed melting；

The forming method includes below step：

First, preliminary step is performed, keeps three-dimensional printer in running order；

Then, perform three-dimensional body main part forming step, the print head assembly printed material is melted after layer by layer deposition The main part of three-dimensional body is formed on the print platform；

Then, perform controller and judge step, when the controller judges to need to print the supporting part of three-dimensional body, Start the work of the first power unit；

Then, supporting part printing step is performed, the first power unit work, the motor is driven after screw rod rotation foaming Agent is brought into the melting is indoor and forms backing material with the printed material mixed melting, and the printed material is adding foaming Volume is expanded after agent；The print head assembly prints flat the backing material layer by layer deposition of mixed melting to described The supporting part is formed on platform；

Then, it is alternately performed the printing that the forming step of above-mentioned three-dimensional body main part, controller judge step and backing material Step, until completing the shaping of whole three-dimensional body.

7. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material according to claim 6, its feature exists In,

The supporting part printing step includes initial stage and later stage, and in the initial stage, the foaming agent is with first The speed of flow adds, the in the rear phase stage indoor to the melting, the foaming agent with the speed of second flow add to The melting is indoor, and the first flow is more than the second flow；Meanwhile, the backing material formed in the initial stage The density of the backing material that density is formed less than stage phase in the rear.

8. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material according to claim 6, its feature exists In,

The supporting part printing step includes initial stage, mid-term stage and later stage, in the initial stage, the foaming Agent is added to the melting interior with the speed of first flow, and in the mid-term stage, the foaming agent is with the speed of second flow Rate is added to described and melts interior, in the rear stage phase, and the foaming agent is added to the melting with the speed of the 3rd flow It is indoor；The first flow is more than the second flow, and the second flow is more than the 3rd flow, and the 3rd flow is Zero；

The density of the backing material formed in the initial stage is the first density, in the backing material that the mid-term stage is formed Density be the second density, in the rear stage phase formed backing material density be triple density；First density is low In second density, second density is less than the triple density, the main body of the triple density and the three-dimensional body Portion's density is identical.

9. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material according to claim 6, its feature exists In,

The type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP；

First power unit includes arranging the spiral powder feeding rod, institute in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, the cavity State the spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive, under the work of the motor drive spiral powder feeding rod the foaming agent bring into The melting is indoor, and the motor is electrically connected with the controller.

10. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer that function is molded with backing material according to claim 6, its feature exists In,

The print head assembly includes the first printhead and the second printhead：

First print head cartridge is loaded with type body material, first printhead can relatively described print platform along three-dimensional side To independently moving；

Second printhead includes the melter, and the melter has first through hole and the second through hole, prints fid Material enters the melting interior along the first through hole, and first power unit is the foaming agent along second through hole It is delivered to the melter.

The type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silks of PP, described to beat Print backing material is the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty materials of PP；

The position of second through hole is provided with magnetic valve, first power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and electricity The spiral powder feeding rod, the spiral powder feeding rod Motor drive, in the work lower band of motor are set in machine, the cavity Dynamic spiral powder feeding rod brings the melting interior into the foaming agent, and the motor, the magnetic valve are electric with the controller Property connection.