CN106624668B - A kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank - Google Patents
A kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN106624668B CN106624668B CN201510737258.4A CN201510737258A CN106624668B CN 106624668 B CN106624668 B CN 106624668B CN 201510737258 A CN201510737258 A CN 201510737258A CN 106624668 B CN106624668 B CN 106624668B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of control method being integrally machined for gear blank and workpiece, by the intelligent control to the double cutting mechanisms of machining tool, realizes being integrally machined for gear blank and workpiece, ensure that repetitive positioning accuracy and concentricity.During Gear Processing, milling cutter cutting mechanism and hobboing cutter cutting mechanism are automatically switched in the different process segments, the original bar of gear is milled into the gear blank of preset shape by milling cutter cutting mechanism, and hobboing cutter cutting mechanism is by the gear blank rolling cut machined at target gear workpiece.The present invention realizes the processing to gear blank and gear workpieces on same a machine tool, without carrying out dismounting and again clamping to blank, while effectively promoting Gear Processing precision, reducing flank of tooth bounce, improves production efficiency, has saved production cost.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of for gear blank and workpiece one the present invention relates to gear numerical control machining control field
The control method of processing.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of commercial production levels, there has also been higher for precision and production efficiency of the people to Gear Processing
It is required that.In traditional gear working method, by taking widely applied gear hobbing process as an example, procedure of processing is usually first by milling machine
Or lathe process gear blank part, then blank is processed into gear workpieces by gear-hobbing machine.It there is in process pair
The dismounting of blank and again clamping not only reduce production efficiency, and repetitive positioning accuracy and concentricity are also all difficult to ensure, shadow
The precision for having rung the gear workpieces finally processed increases flank of tooth bounce.
For present circumstances, there are some solutions, more mature viewpoint to be mainly reflected in clamping machinery
The innovation of structure and installation way, and constantly probing into new Error Compensation Algorithm.These methods play certain work
With, but actual processing effect is general, and the promotion degree of workpiece accuracy is not fairly obvious, and production efficiency does not also have made marked progress,
Still have greatly improved space.
Invention content
The drawbacks of in the presence of the current situation and existing method of current Gear Processing, the present invention proposes a kind of use
In the control method that gear blank and workpiece are integrally machined, by the intelligent control to the double cutting mechanisms of machining tool, milling cutter is cut
Mechanism milling gear blank is cut, hobboing cutter cutting mechanism Hobbing workpiece makes it complete the different operating task in each process segment,
It realizes and gear blank and gear workpieces is integrally machined on same a machine tool, ensure that repetitive positioning accuracy and coaxial
Degree is effectively promoting Gear Processing precision, is reducing the same of flank of tooth bounce without carrying out dismounting and again clamping to gear blank part
When, production efficiency is improved, production cost has been saved.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is：One kind is integrally machined for gear blank with workpiece
Control method, include the following steps：
Control condition is set：Blank profile is described by way of graphics edition and size marking, is set by gear parameter
The mode set describes workpiece features, describes facility information by way of machined parameters setting；
Control condition is parsed, corresponding command instruction is generated；
The command instruction parsed is integrated, changed, is rearranged, generation is had by what multiple instruction unit was constituted
Sequence command history, and the condition that distributes of each command unit is added, set up technique processing queue；
It establishes order and distributes mechanism, judge each command unit in queue one by one distributes condition, completes the group of control instruction
Hair.
It is described to control condition carry out parsing include two stages：
The one parsing stage：Blank profile, workpiece features, facility information are parsed, plans that machining locus, foundation are set with outside
Standby interface function generates corresponding movement instruction and relevant I/O output orders；
Secondary resolution phase：The information and technological requirement come out according to one parsing generates cutting mechanism and switches relevant fortune
Dynamic instruction, and determine the rule of combination of different instruction.
The rule of combination of the different instruction refers to being carried out to certain several instruction with same task target by parsing
They and are included in identical command unit by label, cannot there will be interfere or have contextual two instructions to be put into phase
Same command unit.
The establishment technique processing queue includes：
According to the instructing combination rule determined in secondary parsing, all instructions is divided into several command units；
Being completed to each command unit for task is summarized in the form of text information, and text information is added to
It, can the current machining state of real-time display in process in command unit；
It in conjunction with processing technology, resequences to each command unit, and each command unit is distributed into condition addition
Into command unit.
The foundation distributes mechanism and includes：
After the completion of the establishment of technique processing queue, since first command unit of queue, judge whether that meeting this refers to
Enable unit distributes condition；
If condition is unsatisfactory for, judged again after waiting for a cycle, after condition establishment, distributes the instruction sheet
The order of member；
Judge whether queue is empty, if being not sky, is transferred to and distributes condition judgment to next instruction unit；
It repeats the above process, until queue stream is empty.
The condition that distributes includes requirement to the task performance of a upper command unit and works shape to machine tool
The requirement of state.
After the completion of the control instruction distributes, gear blank milling stage and gear work are carried out using corresponding cutting mechanism
The processing of part generating phase；
The gear blank milling stage is that the original bar of gear is milled into preset shape gear with milling cutter cutting mechanism
The process of blank；
The gear workpieces generating phase is by the gear blank rolling cut machined with hobboing cutter cutting mechanism into target teeth
Take turns the process of workpiece.
The present invention has the following advantages：
1. Gear Processing precision improves, flank of tooth bounce is obviously reduced.Compared with traditional hobbing method for processing, the present invention is real
Showed with the processing to gear blank and workpiece on a machine tool, ensure that repetitive positioning accuracy and concentricity, machining accuracy with
The flank of tooth bounce be improved significantly.
2. greatly improving production efficiency.The present invention is not necessarily to the gear blank machined carrying out dismounting and fill again
Folder, makes process become simpler, efficient.
3. having saved production cost.In traditional hobbing method for processing, procedure of processing is usually first by milling machine or vehicle
Bed processing gear blank part, then blank is processed into gear workpieces by gear-hobbing machine.And the present invention then can be complete in same a machine tool
The processing of mated gear blank and workpiece, has effectively saved cost.
4. process is intelligent, flexible.The present invention can be completed by simple graphics edition, parameter configuration to gear blank
Profile, the description of characteristic and the control to production process.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the control principle drawing of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that technique processing queue process schematic is set up in the method for the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is suitable for being integrally machined the common gear-type workpiece such as roller gear, bevel gear, rack barrel.
Fig. 1 summarizes the control principle of the present invention on the whole.
Gear Processing process in the present invention can be divided into two stages：Gear blank milling stage and gear workpieces rolling cut rank
Section.
The gear blank milling stage is that the original bar of gear is milled into preset shape gear blank with milling cutter cutting mechanism
Process.The milling cutter cutting mechanism is similar with three-head milling machine, controls electrical aspect and includes：Milling cutter is controlled along the tri- axis side X, Y, Z
To the servo of movement, control milling cutter makees the frequency converter and other associated external output equipments of rotary cutting movement.By to
Upper electrical control, realizes the processing tasks in the stage, completes the processing of gear blank.
The gear workpieces generating phase is by the gear blank rolling cut machined with hobboing cutter cutting mechanism into target gear work
The process of part.The hobboing cutter cutting mechanism is similar with gear-hobbing machine, controls electrical aspect and includes：Hobboing cutter is controlled along the tri- axis side X, Y, Z
To the servo of movement, control hobboing cutter does the servo of rotary cutting movement, and control hobboing cutter is the servo of cutting angle swing, Yi Jiqi
His associated external output equipment.By to the above electrical control, realizing the processing tasks in the stage, adding for gear workpieces is completed
Work.
The present invention completes different processing by controlling milling cutter cutting mechanism and hobboing cutter cutting mechanism, in each process segment and appoints
Business, and the automatic switchover of two cutting mechanisms can be completed when changing in the process segment, to realize the one of gear blank and workpiece
Body is processed.Any moment in process, at most can only be in running order there are one cutting mechanism.
It is described to be integrally machined, refer to it is not necessary that the gear blank machined is carried out dismounting and again clamping, by not
With the switching control of cutting mechanism, primary property completes the processing to gear blank and workpiece on same a machine tool.
From control method, to be integrally machined process described in realization, problem can be converted to：How milling cutter cutting is controlled
The related electric of mechanism realizes the milling of gear blank；The related electric for how controlling hobboing cutter cutting mechanism realizes gear workpieces
Rolling cut；How the automatic switchover of two cutting mechanism is controlled；The whole process that how to link up accomplishes that really continuous one adds
Work.
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of control method, process flow is as shown in Figure 2.
Firstly, it is necessary to the setting to control condition in the present invention is completed, including following three aspects：
1. the description of blank profile
Graphics edition and size marking are completed, blank profile is described.The present invention passes through the complete mated gear of milling cutter cutting mechanism
The processing of blank, and milling cutter cutting mechanism is equivalent to a three-head milling machine.It completes to process with G code is write in traditional three-head milling machine
Method it is different, the present invention provides a kind of graphics edition methods, and blank profile is described by the way of simple graph design, and
Necessary size marking is carried out to the figure, then the contour feature set is parsed, does not need G code programming, from
It is dynamic to generate procedure of processing, complete the processing to gear blank.
2. the description of workpiece features
Gear parameter is set, workpiece features are described.The present invention completes the processing to gear workpieces by hobboing cutter cutting mechanism,
And hobboing cutter cutting mechanism is equivalent to a gear-hobbing machine.The present invention retouches workpiece features by the way of configuring gear parameter
It states, wherein gear parameter includes the necessary information of the gears such as gear-type, modulus, the number of teeth, helical angle, passes through the gear to configuration
Parameter is parsed, and G code programming is not needed, and automatically generates procedure of processing, completes the processing to gear workpieces.
3. the description of facility information
Machined parameters are set, facility information is described.The facility information includes that exterior I/O device needed for processing connects
Message breath, process requirements and the external equipments relevant parameter such as milling cutter and hobboing cutter withdrawing position.It is raw by the parsing to facility information
The facility information instruction that the control instruction and dependent of pairs of output peripheral equipment distribute, coordinates each stage to complete respective processing
The switching control of task and cutting mechanism.The present invention can be realized by the method for add or delete interface message to certain external equipment
Whether participation processing, the adjustment and modification of equipment I/O points, need not write or change PLC program, keep process cleverer
It is living.
After control condition setting more than completion, it is necessary to be parsed to these information, generate corresponding order
Functions are realized in instruction.
The process of parsing includes two stages, referred to as one parsing stage and secondary resolution phase.
Wherein, the one parsing stage includes following three aspects：
1. parsing blank profile
The gear blank contour feature that oneself sets is analyzed in conjunction with milling machine processing technology, cooks up rational processing
Track generates corresponding movement instruction.
2. parsing workpiece features
The gear workpieces feature set is analyzed in conjunction with gear hobbing process technique, calculates the interaction relation of each axis
And trajectory planning is carried out, generate corresponding movement instruction.
3. analyzing device information
The facility information set is analyzed, the interface function with external equipment is established, it is defeated to generate relevant I/O
Go out instruction, the effect of the step is similar to the function that traditional PLC logics are realized.In addition, also including pair in the instruction generated
The information description instruction that equipment and technology control requires, this kind of instruction cannot be distributed individually, be usually used in combination with other instructions,
Form the control instruction with complete meaning.
Secondary resolution phase is to carry out comprehensive analysis to the three aspect information that one parsing comes out, and is generated according to technological requirement
Cutting mechanism switches relevant movement instruction, and determines the rule of combination of different instruction.
The rule of combination of the different instruction refers to that certain several instruction with same task target is marked, will
They are included in identical command unit.It should be noted that cannot there will be interfere or have contextual two instructions to put
Enter to identical command unit.Combined command unit is necessary, because the instruction generated in the one parsing stage has
It is incomplete, can not directly distributes and complete processing tasks.Such as in Milling Process, the instruction of parsing blank profile generation
In there is no the relevant information of each axle speed, and these information could obtain after needing analyzing device information, only be carried out to instruction
Combination, could obtain complete control instruction.
After parsing by two stages, it is also necessary to be integrated, be changed and again to the order that these are parsed
It is complete that arrangement, one technique processing queue that can be achieved to be integrally machined control function of establishment, and the rational order of formulation distribute mechanism
At entire control process.
The technique processing queue is by gear blank profile, gear workpieces feature and external equipment relevant parameter etc.
The parsing and integration of information, the orderly command history of generation, content include setting to the motion control instruction of each axis and to outside
Standby output control instruction, and every command information is shown with written form, more intuitively present whole process.
Fig. 3 illustrates the building process of technique processing queue.
The instruction for parsing generation twice is summarized, according to the instructing combination rule determined in secondary parsing, all instructions
Several command units are divided into, and being completed to each command unit for task is summarized in the form of text information, it will
These text informations are also added in the command unit, can the current machining state of real-time display in process, more
Add and intuitively illustrates whole process.Then, it in conjunction with processing technology, resequences to each command unit, and will be every
The condition that distributes of a command unit is added in command unit.It includes complete control instruction, instruction thus to have obtained one
Information, instruction distribute the orderly command unit set of condition, and technique processing queue, which is set up, to be completed.
After the completion of technique processing queue is set up, all control instructions be all ready for it is ready, need establish distribute mechanism,
Judge each command unit in queue one by one distributes condition, completes distributing for control instruction in reasonable and orderly manner.
It can be seen that after the completion of technique processing queue is set up from the control flow of Fig. 2, from first instruction of queue
Unit starts, and judge whether to meet the command unit distributes condition.The condition that distributes includes appointing to a upper command unit
The requirement for performance of being engaged in and the requirement to machine tool working condition.If condition is unsatisfactory for, wait for after a cycle again
Judged, after condition establishment, distributes the order of the command unit.Then judge whether queue is empty, if not being sky,
It is then transferred to the condition judgment that distributes to next instruction unit, repeats above-mentioned control process, until queue stream is empty.When queue is sky
When, illustrate all command units and is completed with distributing.
Finally, the command unit distributed is converted to the control to electrical equipment such as output umber of pulse, voltage value, switching value
Signal completes entire machining control process.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Control condition is set：It describes blank profile by way of graphics edition and size marking, be arranged by gear parameter
Mode describes workpiece features, describes facility information by way of machined parameters setting；
Control condition is parsed, corresponding command instruction is generated；
The command instruction parsed is integrated, changed, is rearranged, the orderly life being made of multiple instruction unit is generated
Set is enabled, and adds the condition that distributes of each command unit, sets up technique processing queue；
It establishes order and distributes mechanism, judge each command unit in queue one by one distributes condition, completes distributing for control instruction；
It is described to control condition carry out parsing include two stages：
The one parsing stage：Blank profile, workpiece features, facility information are parsed, plans machining locus, is established and external equipment
Interface function generates corresponding movement instruction and relevant I/O output orders；
Secondary resolution phase：The information and technological requirement come out according to one parsing generates the relevant movement of cutting mechanism switching and refers to
It enables, and determines the rule of combination of different instruction.
2. a kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The rule of combination of the different instruction, refer to by parsing certain several instruction with same task target is marked, and
They are included in identical command unit, it cannot there will be interfere or have contextual two instructions to be put into identical instruction
Unit.
3. a kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The establishment technique processing queue includes：
According to the instructing combination rule determined in secondary parsing, all instructions is divided into several command units；
Being completed to each command unit for task is summarized in the form of text information, and text information is added to instruction
It, can the current machining state of real-time display in process in unit；
It in conjunction with processing technology, resequences to each command unit, and the condition that distributes of each command unit is added to finger
It enables in unit.
4. a kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The foundation order distributes mechanism and includes：
After the completion of the establishment of technique processing queue, since first command unit of queue, judge whether to meet the instruction sheet
Member distributes condition；
If condition is unsatisfactory for, judged again after waiting for a cycle, after condition establishment, distributes the command unit
Order；
Judge whether queue is empty, if being not sky, is transferred to and distributes condition judgment to next instruction unit；
It repeats the above process, until queue stream is empty.
5. a kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank according to claim 1 or 4, feature exist
In the condition that distributes includes requirement to the task performance of a upper command unit and wanted to machine tool working condition
It asks.
6. a kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
After the completion of the control instruction distributes, gear blank milling stage and gear workpieces rolling cut rank are carried out using corresponding cutting mechanism
The processing of section；
The gear blank milling stage is that the original bar of gear is milled into preset shape gear blank with milling cutter cutting mechanism
Process；
The gear workpieces generating phase is by the gear blank rolling cut machined with hobboing cutter cutting mechanism into target gear work
The process of part.
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| CN201510737258.4A CN106624668B (en) | 2015-11-03 | 2015-11-03 | A kind of control method being integrally machined with workpiece for gear blank |
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| CN106624668B true CN106624668B (en) | 2018-08-21 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN109551232B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-09-25 | 南京高速齿轮制造有限公司 | Milling and rolling combined machining method for improving machining efficiency of external spline |
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| WO2006084481A1 (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2006-08-17 | Klingelnberg Gmbh | Device and method for green machining bevel gears |
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| CN103464993A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 张家港保税区冠祥贸易有限公司 | Gear production and machining method |
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| WO2006084481A1 (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2006-08-17 | Klingelnberg Gmbh | Device and method for green machining bevel gears |
| CN1814401A (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-09 | 宜昌长机科技有限责任公司 | Numberical control milling-slotting combined machine tool and gear working method |
| CN102405121A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2012-04-04 | 配天(安徽)电子技术有限公司 | Gear flexible cutting machine |
| CN103464993A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 张家港保税区冠祥贸易有限公司 | Gear production and machining method |
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