CN106623493B - A kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching Download PDFInfo
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- CN106623493B CN106623493B CN201611267191.3A CN201611267191A CN106623493B CN 106623493 B CN106623493 B CN 106623493B CN 201611267191 A CN201611267191 A CN 201611267191A CN 106623493 B CN106623493 B CN 106623493B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching comprising step：Image collecting device is set above Punching steel strip, determines focal length and object distance between image collecting device and lower section steel band upper surface；Demarcate pixel equivalent, with by pixel equivalent by the actual size of steel band and image acquisition device to steel strip surface image in establish quantization correspondence between number of pixels；When steel band suspends wind-up operation, image collecting device starts to obtain Punching steel strip surface image；Collected steel strip surface image is identified by industrial personal computer, calculates the in-process measurement value of steel band punching processing.The present invention calculates the in-process measurement value of punching processing by image recognition to realize the automatic detection of Punching steel strip, improves detection efficiency and accuracy by steel strip surface image after image recognition acquisition punching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detection techniques, more particularly, to a kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching.
Background technology
Punched nickel-plated steel band is to carry out punch die punching in cold rolling blank steel strip surface, then carries out what electrochemistry nickel plating obtained
Product.It has good electronic conduction ability and corrosion resistance, cost-effective, is suitble to large-scale continuous production, by conduct
Battery current collecting material is widely used.It is mainly used in MH-Ni batteries, tool nickel-cadmium cell, military project sintered type battery at present
And rail traffic the fields such as manufactures with accumulator plate.
Punching in punched nickel-plated steel band process（Punching）Process is the key link of product formation, punching aperture,
Transverse holes away from longitudinal hole away from etc. key technical index restricted condition limitation.The mode of existing detection Punching steel strip is using artificial
Then sampling observation mode, production scene worker carry out offline inspection by sampling manually by Zhao Feng secondary element image equipment.Using
There are following defects for artificial detection：1. detection efficiency is low and easy missing inspection；2. it is continuous production in rolls to be due to Punching steel strip, raw
It can not be sampled during production, cause not pinpointing the problems in time if there is production problem, therefore artificial detection is difficult to fit
Matched with current Punching steel strip process for machining and manufacturing.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching, when suspending wind-up operation to steel band, passes through
Image recognition obtains steel strip surface image after punching, calculates the in-process measurement value of punching processing by image recognition to realize punching
The automatic detection of hole steel band improves detection efficiency and accuracy.
A kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching comprising step：
Image collecting device is set above Punching steel strip, is determined between image collecting device and lower section steel band upper surface
Focal length and object distance；
Pixel equivalent is demarcated, with the steel band for the actual size of steel band and image acquisition device being arrived by pixel equivalent
Quantization correspondence is established in surface image between number of pixels；
When steel band suspends wind-up operation, image collecting device starts to obtain Punching steel strip surface image；
Collected steel strip surface image is identified by industrial personal computer, calculates the in-process measurement of steel band punching processing
Value.
Wherein, the step of calibration pixel equivalent includes：
Scaling board is lain in a horizontal plane on monitor station, it is ensured that the coordinate of the imaging screen of calibration edges of boards and image collecting device
Axis is parallel；
Scaling board image is acquired, identifies left and right marked circle, the upper and lower marked circle on scaling board, seeks marking up and down respectively
Pixel value between pixel value and the left and right label center of circle between circle；
The actual range difference divided by pixel value between the two for using lower marked circle and left and right marked circle, obtain in fixation
The pixel equivalent of focal length and fixture away under the conditions of.
Wherein, in-process measurement value includes that steel band overall width, the steel band left side be wide, width, punching circular diameter, longitudinal hole on the right of steel band
Away from and transverse holes away from.
Wherein, image collecting device includes left camera for acquiring steel plate left side edge image and for acquiring steel
The right camera of plate right side edge image.
Wherein, the step of calculating steel band overall width includes：It is with the image center of left/right lateral edges image respectively
Point detects left/right side boundary line, acquires the first distance between left/right side boundary line and the central point of left/right side camera；
First distance obtains total distance along with the second distance between the central point and the central point of right camera of left camera；
The total distance is multiplied by pixel equivalent, obtains steel band overall width.
Wherein, the detection method of the steel band punching Continuous maching can also carry out the steel band overall width being calculated inclined
Difference correction, procedure are as follows：（1）The left side for seeking the marginal point Pd in left side edge image, right side edge image respectively is inclined
Shifting amount △ y1 and right side offset △ y2；（2）According to camera calibration parameter（The corresponding actual range of each pixel is u）, calculate
Go out actual offset △ s1=△ y1*u and △ s2=△ y2*u；（3）Calculate actual steel band overall width w=△ s1+ △ s2
+ d0, wherein d0 are the calibrated distance of two left and right sides image centers.
Wherein, the step of calculating punching circular diameter includes：Select region of search at random on steel strip surface image, interception is searched
Rope area image, the Threshold segmentation region of search image, screening and filtering obtain punching speckle regions, punching are fitted into spot
The edge in hole may thereby determine that the center of circle and the diameter of punching, calculate the average value of punching area and diameter.
Wherein, pitch of holes calculate the step of include：According to region of search interception image, Threshold segmentation image obtains spot
Image is found out nearest that circular spot P of range search regional center and as basic point with P is laterally automatically generated including 5
The rectangle of spot, then longitudinally automatically generated with 5 lateral spots may include 5 spots rectangle, then respectively to laterally 5
A rectangular area and 5 longitudinal rectangular areas extract circular spot according to shape, calculate separately out horizontal and vertical spot
Between average distance.
Wherein, the detection method of the steel band punching Continuous maching further includes being based on Blob Algorithm Analysis steel strip surface figures
Picture judges whether there is or not the defects of blind hole, company hole and burr in punching.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
Image collecting device is arranged above Punching steel strip and obtains image by the present invention, passes through the image recognition skill of the prior art
Art can accurately detect key technical index of the Punching steel strip in punching process, artificial inspection compared with prior art
It surveys, improves detection efficiency and detection precision, to realize that Punching steel strip automated production processing provides realization condition.Separately
Outside, the configuration of the present invention is simple, operation is simple, can be widely used for modern production manufacture processing, has before preferably promoting the use
Scape.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the image collecting device access steel band control system for processing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of part steel strip surface image；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that right camera collects the surface image comprising steel band right side edge.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, steel band processing, which generates line, has steel band control system for processing, which includes control
Host and winding system processed；And the detecting system of Punching steel strip proposed by the present invention is mainly adopted including connected industrial personal computer and image
Acquisition means, the industrial personal computer are connected by RS232 interface with control host, and using Modbus field bus protocols and control host
Communication.
Winding system is received in punching process after one section of coil of strip of every punching again under the control of control host
Volume stops winding when winding to a certain extent.When winding system, which detects, carries out winding signal, winding system is started to work will
Steel band carries out winding operation, and the image collecting device of industrial personal computer control at this time stops Image Acquisition；When control host receives winding system
When the pause sent out of uniting winds signal, industrial personal computer control image collecting device starts to acquire the image of Punching steel strip upper surface.
After image collecting device gets the image of Punching steel strip upper surface, image is known by industrial personal computer or control host
Not, the machined parameters for measuring Punching steel strip judge whether to meet processing request.Wherein, machined parameters include aperture value（That is punching
Diameter, between generally 1mm-2mm）, transverse holes are away from value（The distance between the center of circle of i.e. laterally adjacent two punchings, generally
Between 1mm-2mm）, longitudinal hole is away from value（Horizontal distance between the center of circle of i.e. longitudinally adjacent two punchings, generally 2mm with
On）, hem width value（That is the distance between the center of circle of edge punching and steel band edge, between generally 2mm-60mm）, total width values（I.e.
Distance between steel band left and right edges, between generally 80mm-400mm）.In addition, the tolerance of each machined parameters is generally ± 0.10mm
Or ± 0.15mm, the required precision except total width values are 0.03mm, remaining item detection required precision reaches 0.015mm.
Due to the continuously uninterrupted operation of punching processing production process, stability for image collecting device imaging and reliable
Property requires high, and for the application using the industrial camera of Germany balser companies production, the resolution ratio of camera is 3840*2748 pictures
Element, the GigE gigabit ethernet interfaces that data transmission uses extend the interface of 4 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces of a band on industrial personal computer
Plate is connected with image collecting device, and the image data of image acquisition device is transferred to industrial personal computer by ethernet network.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 2, in one embodiment, the present invention includes following realization step：
Step S1. after steel band punching processing and before winding by setting up monitor station on path, above monitor station
Image collecting device is set, determines the focal length and object distance between image collecting device and lower section steel band upper surface, and in monitor station
The lighting system controlled by industrial personal computer is arranged in lower section, and the light that brightness stability and uniform light do not flicker is provided by lighting system
Source, to facilitate subsequent image procossing.
Step S2. demarcates pixel equivalent in advance, by pixel equivalent by the actual size and image collecting device of steel band
（Also known as camera or industrial camera）Quantization correspondence is established in image between number of pixels, so as to by image distance and tested
The actual distance of object is mapped, and realizes the actual test needs of parameter.
The application uses standard component imaging method and is demarcated to measuring system.Specifically calibration process is：1. by scaling board
（The 5.6 mm * 5.6mm of size of scaling board have been uniformly distributed several precision 1um apertures on scaling board）Lie in a horizontal plane in monitor station
（Follow-up steel band also will be by the monitor station, that is, monitor station and monitor station used when time detection steel band when demarcating are to agree to
Volume）On, it is ensured that calibration edges of boards are parallel with the reference axis of camera imaging screen；2. acquiring scaling board image, identify on scaling board
Left and right marked circle, upper and lower marked circle, seek pixel value between pixel value and the left and right label center of circle between marked circle up and down respectively；
3. use the actual range of lower marked circle and left and right marked circle respectively divided by pixel value between the two, obtain in fixed focal length and
Pixel equivalent of the fixture away under the conditions of.To improve accuracy of detection, pixel equivalent remains 12 decimals, camera X-axis（Laterally）
Equivalent is 0.003826796100mm, Y-axis in pixel orientation（It is longitudinal）Pixel equivalent is 0.003827779593mm on direction.
For step S3. when steel band suspends wind-up operation, industrial personal computer control image collecting device starts steel band after acquisition punching
Surface image.Wherein, steel strip surface image in part is as shown in Figure 3.
Step S4. is identified collected steel strip surface image by industrial personal computer, calculates adding for steel band punching processing
Work measured value, the in-process measurement value include the overall width of steel band, and the steel band left side is wide（I.e. in steel band left hand edge to steel band first row hole
Heart distance）, steel band the right width（That is steel band right hand edge is to steel band first row hole centre distance）, punching circular diameter, longitudinal hole away from（I.e.
Vertical range between two row adjacent circular holes centers）, transverse holes away from（That is the vertical range between two row adjacent circular holes centers）Deng.
Wherein, each plus work measured value=pixel equivalent（It is demarcated by step S1）× in steel strip surface image corresponding pixel number.
（1）The measurement of punching circular diameter.It selectes region of search at random on steel strip surface image, intercepts region of search figure
Picture, the Threshold segmentation region of search image, screening and filtering obtain punching speckle regions, the side of punching are fitted into spot
Edge may thereby determine that the center of circle and the diameter of punching, calculate the average value of punching area and diameter.
（2）Longitudinal hole is away from measurement.According to region of search interception image, Threshold segmentation image, screening and filtering obtains punching spot
Point region, recycles centered on the circle C of each punching, and finding the interior searching two of limited area above circle C can be used for calculating
Longitudinal hole away from circle C1 and circle C2, respectively to circle C, circle C1, circle C2 extraction be fitted to circle.The circle center line connecting of the center of circle circle C2 of circle C1
To circle C the center of circle vertical range, that is, longitudinal hole away from.
（3）Transverse holes are away from measurement.According to region of search interception image, Threshold segmentation image, screening and filtering obtains punching spot
Point region, recycles centered on the circle D of each punching, and finding searching two in the limited area of the rights circle D can be used for calculating
Transverse holes away from circle D1, circle D2, circle is fitted to circle D, circle D1, circle D2 extractions respectively, calculates the center of circle of circle D1, the center of circle of circle D2
Be wired to the vertical range i.e. transverse holes in the center of circle of round D1 away from.
（4）Left and right hem width measures.Left and right hem width is the important indicator of steel band quality, hem width refer to from steel band most edge to
The distance of position outermost center of circular hole seeks 7 hem width values of general measure in measurement, opposite side width values averaged is as sample
The hem width value of product.First, marginal point is sought, maximum 60 marginal points of amplitude are selected, selects wherein 80% point to carry out straight line and intends
It closes.
（5）Measure steel band or so hem width and overall width.Wherein, after the wide measurement in the left side is finished, show that the left side is wide and side
Boundary line central point；After the right width measurement is finished, the right width and boundary line central point are obtained.Left and right hem width measurement has executed
Bi Hou, according to left bounding lines central point and the image center that obtains of calibration away from overall width is calculated（The left and right hem width of beam overall
It is not related）.
In one embodiment, the developed width of steel band is larger, and a camera can not obtain the image of steel band developed width,
Therefore image collecting device includes the camera of three known spacing, the camera of the left and right sides obtains the figure of steel band both sides of the edge respectively
Picture, middle camera obtain the image in the middle part of steel band.After steel band image binaryzation, steel band entity part is black, and punching
And steel band is the region of white elsewhere in addition.
The detection of steel band overall width is that the camera distance calibrated by two camera measurements on edge and in advance is common
Determining.Beam overall computational methods：By taking the right side edge image of Fig. 4 right cameras shooting as an example, horizontal line is handed over vertical line in the middle part of picture
The center of crunode, that is, right camera（The picture centre）, right camera detects steel band left side boundary line L1, seek L1To left image center
Pixel distance D1；Likewise, left camera detects boundary line L on the right of steel band2, L2To right image center distance D2, left camera with it is right
The centre distance P of side camera（It can be obtained after camera calibration）, then steel band overall width=D1+P+D2.It on this basis, can also be right
The deviation for the steel band beam overall being calculated is corrected, and procedure is as follows：（1）Left side edge image, right edge are sought respectively
The left side offset △ y1 and right side offset △ y2 of marginal point Pd in edge image；（2）According to camera calibration parameter（Each picture
The corresponding actual range of element is u）, calculate actual offset △ s1=△ y1*u and △ s2=△ y2*u；（3）Calculate reality
Steel band overall width w=△ s1+ △ s2+d0, wherein d0 is the calibrated distance of two edge image centers.
Hem width calculating method：Detect steel band boundary line L1, the center of circle L2 of outermost mother rib lateral rotundum is positioned, L1 is calculated（L2）Midpoint
P (X, Y), then P to L2（L1）Distance be hem width distance.
It is, of course, also possible to be based on Blob Algorithm Analysis steel strip surface images, blind hole, Lian Kong, burr are determined whether.Blind hole,
Even whether there is or not judgements in hole：Region of search image, Threshold segmentation image are intercepted, image opening and closing operations do area filtering to spot.White
It is to connect hole that area after spot screening, which is more than thresholding, and product more than thresholding is blind hole below for black splotch screening.Leukasmus
What point area was less than normal hole area is hole burr.
Pitch of holes calculates：According to region of search interception image, Threshold segmentation image obtains spot image, finds out distance and searches
Nearest that circular spot P of rope regional center as basic point with P laterally automatically generates the rectangle for including 5 spots, then with
5 lateral spots longitudinally automatically generate may include 5 spots rectangle, then respectively to laterally 5 rectangular areas and vertical
To 5 rectangular areas circular spot is extracted according to shape, calculate separately out average distance between horizontal and vertical spot.
Orifice size calculation：Spot matrix to the hole 5*5 sought above, calculates separately out the area and diameter of each spot,
Then the average value of reference area and diameter.
It can be seen that by steel strip surface image recognition, after measuring pixel quantity on the image, multiplied by calibrate
The pixel equivalent arrived, you can obtain the various in-process measurement values of steel band punching processing.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching, which is characterized in that including step：
Image collecting device is set above Punching steel strip, determines the focal length between image collecting device and lower section steel band upper surface
And object distance, wherein image collecting device includes left camera for acquiring steel plate left side edge image and for acquiring steel
The right camera of plate right side edge image；
Pixel equivalent is demarcated, with the steel strip surface for the actual size of steel band and image acquisition device being arrived by pixel equivalent
Quantization correspondence is established in image between number of pixels；
When steel band suspends wind-up operation, image collecting device starts to obtain Punching steel strip surface image；
Collected steel strip surface image is identified by industrial personal computer, calculates the in-process measurement value of steel band punching processing, it should
In-process measurement value include steel band overall width, the steel band left side be wide, width on the right of steel band, punching circular diameter, longitudinal hole away from and transverse holes
Away from；
Wherein, the step of calculating steel band overall width includes：Respectively using the image center of left/right lateral edges image as starting point, inspection
Left/right side boundary line is measured, the first distance between left/right side boundary line and the central point of left/right side camera is acquired；This first
Distance obtains total distance along with the second distance between the central point and the central point of right camera of left camera；This always away from
From pixel equivalent is multiplied by, steel band overall width is obtained；
Deviation correction is carried out to the steel band overall width being calculated, correction course is as follows：（1）Seek respectively left side edge image,
The left side offset △ y1 and right side offset △ y2 of marginal point Pd in right side edge image；（2）According to camera calibration parameter
In each corresponding actual range of pixel be u, calculate actual offset △ s1=△ y1*u and △ s2=△ y2*u；（3）Meter
Actual steel band overall width w=△ s1+ △ s2+d0 are calculated, wherein d0 is the calibrated distance of two left and right sides image centers.
2. the detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that demarcate the step of pixel equivalent
Suddenly include：
Scaling board is lain in a horizontal plane on monitor station, it is ensured that the reference axis of the imaging screen of calibration edges of boards and image collecting device is flat
Row；
Acquire scaling board image, identify left and right marked circle, the upper and lower marked circle on scaling board, seek respectively up and down marked circle it
Between pixel value and left and right label the center of circle between pixel value；
The actual range difference divided by pixel value between the two for using lower marked circle and left and right marked circle, obtain in fixed focal length
With pixel equivalent of the fixture away under the conditions of.
3. the detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that calculate punching circular diameter
Step includes：It selectes region of search at random on steel strip surface image, intercepts region of search image, the Threshold segmentation region of search
Image, screening and filtering obtain punching speckle regions, and the edge of punching is fitted into spot, may thereby determine that the circle of punching
The heart and diameter.
4. the detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step of pitch of holes calculates
Including：According to region of search interception image, Threshold segmentation image obtains spot image, and it is nearest to find out range search regional center
That circular spot P as basic point with P laterally automatically generate the rectangle for including 5 spots, then it is vertical with 5 lateral spots
To automatically generate may include 5 spots rectangle, then respectively to laterally 5 rectangular areas and 5 longitudinal rectangular areas
Circular spot is extracted according to shape, calculates separately out average distance between horizontal and vertical spot.
5. according to the detection method of steel band punching Continuous maching described in claim 1-4 any one, which is characterized in that further include
Based on Blob Algorithm Analysis steel strip surface images, judge whether there is or not the defects of blind hole, company hole and burr in punching.
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| CN107907063B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2020-05-12 | 湖南文理学院 | Steel strip punching processing detection system and method based on vision measurement |
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| CN113012098B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2023-04-07 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Iron tower angle steel punching defect detection method based on BP neural network |
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Application publication date: 20170510 Assignee: CHANGDE LYRUN MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HUNAN University OF ARTS AND SCIENCE Contract record no.: X2023980036342 Denomination of invention: A Testing Method for Continuous Processing of Steel Strip Punching Granted publication date: 20180828 License type: Common License Record date: 20230608 |