CN106621795A - Method for efficiently purifying air by aid of photocatalysts - Google Patents
Method for efficiently purifying air by aid of photocatalysts Download PDFInfo
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- CN106621795A CN106621795A CN201610898247.9A CN201610898247A CN106621795A CN 106621795 A CN106621795 A CN 106621795A CN 201610898247 A CN201610898247 A CN 201610898247A CN 106621795 A CN106621795 A CN 106621795A
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- air
- catalyst suspension
- catalyst
- purification method
- air purification
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20707—Titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20715—Zirconium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20792—Zinc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/804—UV light
Abstract
The invention provides a method for efficiently purifying air by the aid of photocatalysts. The method includes steps of (1), dispersing polluted air into small bubbles with the sizes of 0.5-100 micrometers; (2), allowing the small bubbles obtained at the step (1) to be in contact with catalyst suspension under ultraviolet irradiation conditions and carrying out photocatalytic reaction to obtain clean air. The catalyst suspension comprises catalysts, auxiliaries and water, the catalysts are conventional catalyst materials or conventional catalyst materials doped with nitrogen, carbon, iron or platinum elements, and the conventional catalyst materials comprise ZnO, ZrO2, TiO2 or CdS; the catalysts account for 0.01-0.1% of the weight of the catalyst suspension; the auxiliaries are inorganic matters with metal cations, comprise sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, magnesium chloride, silver nitrate, nickel nitrate or cobalt chloride and account for 0.01-0.1% of the weight of the catalyst suspension. The method has the advantages that the problems of falling and deactivation of existing catalysts can be solved, and the method is efficient in purification capacity for high-concentration polluted air; secondary pollutants can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of air purification, and in particular to a kind of efficient photocatalyst air purifying method.
Background technology
Photocatalyst technology is widely used in the volatile organic matter (VOCs) eliminated in air, and is demonstrated to that VOCs degrades
For innocuous substances such as carbon dioxide and water.Existing photocatalyst air purifying method all adopts gas-solid interface photocatalyst process, correspondence
Purifier typically designed using fixed bed mode, such as patent CN 204501803U propose using attachment nanometer titanium dioxide
Used as purification core body, patent CN 204227594U proposes to load nanometer using on oval sheet material the web plate of titanium photochemical catalyst
Titanium dioxide optical catalyst carrys out purify air.Similar application report also appears in patent CN 104819520A and CN
In 104833008A.This kind of gas-solid interface photocatalyst design is all that photocatalyst material is attached into ceramics or metallic matrix material
On material, the catalyst bed of stratiform, caged or honeycomb structure is formed.When air flows through catalyst bed, pollutant is adsorbed to catalyst
Bed surface is simultaneously degraded, so as to obtain cleaned air.The photocatalyst process of this purifier occurs in gas-solid two-phase interface
On, there are the following problems:1) catalyzer contact agent easily comes off because air is purged from matrix material, causes device service life short;2)
Catalyzer contact agent surface causes catalyzer contact agent to inactivate due to adsorbing intermediate product so that purification efficiency declines rapid;3) in the middle of volatility
Product effusion air cleaning unit forms secondary pollution;4) the catalyzer contact agent surface utilization ratio of fixed bed mode is low.
Studies have reported that recently using the form of tio_2 suspension to carry out photocatalysis gas degraded
(“Degradation of VOC gases in liquid phase by photocatalysis at the bubble
Interface "), its process is:Contaminated air is entered after catalyst suspension and forms microbubble, and organic matter is transferred to catalyst
There is photocatalytic degradation in surface, air flows out suspension after purification.Which can effectively overcome traditional fixed bed purifier to meet
The problems referred to above for arriving, however, it is only capable of processing the contaminated air of low concentration (2.5-15ppm), practicality is poor.
In sum, this area needs a kind of long service life, purification efficiency height badly, concentration for the treatment of is big and secondary pollution is little
Air purification method.
The content of the invention
For the shortcoming of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficient photocatalyst air purifying method, is somebody's turn to do
Method comprises the steps:
(1) contaminated air is dispersed into the micro-bubble of 0.5-100um sizes;
(2) under ultraviolet irradiation, step (1) gained micro-bubble contacts to carry out photocatalyst anti-with catalyst suspension
Should, obtain pure air;
The catalyst suspension is made up of catalyzer contact agent, auxiliary agent and water, and the catalyzer contact agent is for conventional catalyst material or through bag
The conventional catalyst material of nitrogen, carbon, iron or platinum element doping is included, the conventional catalyst material includes ZnO, ZrO2、TiO2Or CdS, institute
State the 0.01-0.1% that catalyzer contact agent consumption accounts for the catalyst suspension weight.The auxiliary agent is inorganic matter containing metal cation, bag
Sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate, magnesium chloride, silver nitrate, nickel nitrate or cobalt chloride are included, the weight of the auxiliary agent accounts for the catalyst suspension weight
The 0.01-0.1% of amount.
Preferably, methods described also includes step:After photocatalyst reaction, partly or entirely slough after purification in air
Moisture, obtain the suitable pure air of humidity.
In step (1), when preparing micro-bubble, carried out using aeration plate or micro porous aeration head.
In step (2), the air after dispersion is delivered in catalyst suspension using air blast or air compressor.
The wavelength of ultraviolet described in step (2) is 280~190nm.
The conventional catalyst material is graininess, and particle diameter is 10nm-100 μm.
In the contaminated air pollutant be volatile organic matter, such as benzene.
Degraded in bubbling style reactor volatile organic matter using tio_2 suspension although studies have reported that
(“Degradation of VOC gases in liquid phase by photocatalysis at the bubble
Interface "), but the catalyst suspension in the present invention not only includes catalyzer contact agent, also uses the nothing with metal cation as core
Machine salt assitant.
The pleasantly surprised discovery of inventor, the addition of auxiliary agent can be greatly improved air-filtering ability, can be efficiently net
Change the air containing high density pollution thing.As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, when the benzene in contaminated air is at concentrations up to 260ppm
When, the purification efficiency of the present invention is still up to 85%.
The catalyst suspension of the present invention is steady in a long-term, before the service life for reaching purifier, without the need for carrying out more to it
Change.
The following is the technology to function mode of the present invention to illustrate, it is worthy of note that, in the following description, the present invention is profit
Carried out with some devices, but mentioned device is only adapted for the example of air purification method of the present invention, it is impossible to
Limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, the close device of any, structure identical with these principle of device is suitable for the present invention.
1) contaminated air dispersion:Conventional gas dispersing mode, such as aeration plate or micro porous aeration head, by dirt can be adopted
Dye air is dispersed into micro-bubble, into catalyst suspension.One end connect prime air generation plants, such as air blast or
Air compressor, other end immersion catalyst suspension.Pending air can form the micro-bubble of 0.5um to 100um sizes, point
Dissipate and enter catalyst suspension.
2) three phase fluidized bed catalyst reactor:The closed barrel reactor of one metal material, inside fills appropriate touching
Matchmaker's suspension.Reactor lower part is provided with gas distributor, and top leaves appropriate space, is easy to gas discharging.Reactor head
If discharge duct.Concentric, axial places special ultraviolet lamp source in the middle of reactor.Gas to be clean is introduced from lower end micropore gas pipe,
Agitation catalyst suspension so that catalyzer contact agent particle therein forms fluidized state.Organic pollution in air and catalyzer contact agent
Grain is fully contacted, and under ultraviolet lamp source irradiation, photocatalyst reaction occurs, and is changed into carbon dioxide and water.Purified gas Jing
Top vent pipeline flows out.
3) catalyst suspension:Catalyzer contact agent is added in distilled water and adds auxiliary agent to obtain catalyst suspension.Catalyzer contact agent can
Using the various photocatalyst materials having confirmed, including ZnO, ZrO2、TiO2And CdS, or it is tactile through the above-mentioned light of doping vario-property
Catalytic material, such as through the above-mentioned catalyst material of the element dopings such as nitrogen, carbon, iron, platinum.Material geometric format is spherical or cube
Particle, particle diameter is ten nanometers to not higher than 100 microns.Catalyzer contact agent consumption accounts for the 0.01-0.1% of the catalyst suspension weight.
Auxiliary agent is the water or ionic liquid of inorganic substances.Available inorganic substances include sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate, magnesium chloride, silver nitrate,
Nickel nitrate, cobalt chloride etc., after addition the mass concentration of inorganic substances in a ten thousandth to one thousandth.Catalyst suspension can be long-term
Using without the need for changing, until the service life of purifier.
4) ultraviolet light system:Ultraviolet lamp source is wrapped in printing opacity overcoat, then is placed in described catalyst suspension.
Printing opacity overcoat has filtering functions, and using glass filter, the ultraviolet radioactive for only allowing 280~190nm wavelength (UVC) is passed through,
The extinction characteristic of catalyst suspension is matched with this.
5) moisture separation device:Contaminated air in catalyst suspension after photocatalyst reaction is cleaned, into steam
Separator.The device using U-shaped or spirality pipeline, removed using cooling principle the part that carries in air after purification or
Person's whole moisture.To obtain the purify air of appropriate humidity, special cooling device can be supported the use, such as that what is industrially commonly used is each
Class low-temperature cooling system is adjusting dehydration rate.The liquid that cooling is obtained, through dedicated line three-phase fluid bed reactor is returned.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention uses catalyst suspension, can avoid catalyzer contact agent in existing air cleaning unit come off and inactivation is asked
Topic so that device can run steadily in the long term;
(2) organic contamination degradation efficiency more than 30% can be improved using inorganic additive, high density pollution air is still had
There is efficient detergent power, when the benzene in contaminated air is at concentrations up to 260ppm, the purification efficiency of the present invention is still up to
85%;
(3) air after purifying does not have secondary pollutant.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and the equipment therefor schematic diagram of embodiment 3;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and three-phase fluidization reactor side view used by embodiment 3;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and three-phase fluidization reactor cross section figure used by embodiment 3;
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and U-tube steam trap structural representation used by embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be that following examples are simply used
In being further detailed to the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the field is skilled in technique
Personnel still fall within protection scope of the present invention according to some nonessential modifications and adaptations that foregoing invention content is made.
Following examples will be illustrated with reference to Figure of description, it is to be understood that, the device described in Figure of description
Only it is merely the example for being applied to the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
One embodiment of the present invention is the consentrated air supply purification of office building.Apparatus of the present invention are placed in into the central authorities in building
Air outlet front end.Outdoor air contains the benzene of 10ppm, and through air blast (1) clarifier is admitted to, and air quantity is adjusted as needed
(2) to proper level, subsequently into ceramic capillary distribution device (3).Air is flowed out after distribution device, and forming average-size is
The microbubble of 1um enters three-phase fluidization reactor, in being distributed to catalyst suspension (4).Catalyst suspension includes a ten thousandth matter
The nickel nitrate solution (inorganic additive) of amount concentration, wherein the micron order ZnO photocatalyst agent being modified through platinum dopant is dispersed with, its
Mass concentration is a ten thousandth.Due to air agitation, catalyzer contact agent forms fluidized state in catalyst suspension, so as to empty with pollution
Gas is fully contacted, and can significantly improve the efficiency of photocatalyst reaction.Built-in uviol lamp (5) is fixed in reactor and submergence
In catalyst liquid.Lamp source is protected by the printing opacity overcoat with filtering functions, and glass filter only allows 280~190nm wavelength
(UVC) ultraviolet radioactive is passed through, and can so coordinate the optics characterization of adsorption of catalyzer contact agent so as to obtain highest photocatalyst reaction effect
Rate.In three-phase fluidization reactor, the volatile organic matter and pellet in air is degraded to dioxy by photocatalyst
Change carbon and water, while harmful microorganism can be killed by ultraviolet.Contaminated air after purification, reaches reactor in catalyst liquid
Upper space, through blast pipe steam trap (6) is entered.The steam trap uses U-shaped cooling tube, the water vapour in air
Cohesion can be cooled down in the bottom of U-tube form liquid.Connect aqueduct in U-tube bottom, water therein can be returned along pipeline
Flow into phase reactor.In U-tube cooler outlet, air is purified.Through gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-
FID) on-line checking, the air after purification is entirely free of benzene and other organic matters, shows that the processing method realizes the complete of benzene
Remove, while producing without secondary pollutant.
Embodiment 2
Second embodiment of the present invention is the organic waste-gas purification in paint production workshop.Paint Production is used in a large number
The organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, partial solvent can be discharged into surrounding air, form poisonous, odor pollution.This purifier is put
The exhaust outlet in paint production workshop is put, workshop air contains the benzene of about 260ppm, through air blast (1) and adjust air quantity (2)
Metal micro-holes distribution device (3) is entered afterwards, and the bubble for forming average-size 5um enters three-phase fluidization reactor, is distributed to catalyst
In suspension (4).Cobalt chloride solution of the catalyst suspension comprising one thousandth mass concentration, wherein be dispersed with changing through Fe2O3 doping
The nano-TiO of property2Photocatalyst agent, its mass concentration is one thousandth.Under air agitation, catalyzer contact agent shape in catalyst suspension
It is fully contacted into fluidized state and with contaminated air, benzene is adsorbed onto completely catalyzer contact agent surface.In built-in uviol lamp (5) irradiation
Under, benzene is degraded to carbon dioxide and water.Air after purification, reaches reactor upper space, Jing in catalyst suspension
Conduit is crossed into U-tube steam trap (6), moisture contained therein condenses to form liquid in U-tube bottom, and it is contrary to return three
Answer device.The present embodiment has been set with cooling device to strengthen steam separation process outside U-tube.Through gas-chromatography-hydrogen flame inspection
Device (GC-FID) on-line checking is surveyed, the air after purification still contains 39ppm benzene, but without other organic matters, shows the process side
Method has reached 85% toluene removal rate, while producing without secondary pollutant.
Embodiment 3
3rd embodiment of the present invention is laboratory fume hood exhaust gas purification.The commonly used benzene in certain laboratory is used as molten
Agent, it is all relate to benzene operation all specify fume hood in carry out.This purifier is placed on into the exhaust outlet of the fume hood, input is empty
Gas contains the benzene of 160ppm, and adjusted air quantity (2) enters afterwards metal micro-holes distribution device (3), forms the gas of average-size 80um
Bubble enters three-phase fluidization reactor, in being distributed to catalyst suspension (4).Chlorination of the catalyst suspension comprising 0.05% mass concentration
Cobalt liquor, wherein being dispersed with nano-TiO2Photocatalyst agent, its mass concentration is 0.03%.Under air agitation, catalyzer contact agent is being touched
Fluidized state is formed in matchmaker's suspension and is fully contacted with contaminated air, benzene is adsorbed onto completely catalyzer contact agent surface.Built-in
Under uviol lamp (5) irradiation, benzene is degraded to carbon dioxide and water.Air after purification, reaches reaction in catalyst suspension
Device upper space, through conduit U-tube steam trap (6) is entered, and moisture contained therein condenses to form liquid in U-tube bottom
Body, and return phase reactor.The present embodiment has been set with cooling device to strengthen steam separation process outside U-tube.Through gas
Phase chromatogram-hydrogen flame detector (GC-FID) on-line checking, the air after purification still contains 28ppm benzene, but organic without other
Thing, shows that the processing method has reached 82.5% benzene clearance, while producing without secondary pollutant.
Comparative example
In addition to without auxiliary agent, remaining is consistent with embodiment 2.The clearance of benzene only has 51%.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of efficient photocatalyst air purifying method, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the steps:
(1) contaminated air is dispersed into the micro-bubble of 0.5-100um sizes;
(2) under ultraviolet irradiation, step (1) gained micro-bubble is contacted with catalyst suspension carries out photocatalyst reaction, obtains
To pure air;
The catalyst suspension is made up of catalyzer contact agent, auxiliary agent and water, the catalyzer contact agent for conventional catalyst material or through including nitrogen,
The conventional catalyst material of carbon, iron or platinum element doping, the conventional catalyst material includes ZnO, ZrO2、TiO2Or CdS, it is described to touch
Mediator consumption accounts for the 0.01-0.1% of the catalyst suspension weight;The auxiliary agent is inorganic matter containing metal cation, including sulphur
Sour sodium, sodium nitrate, magnesium chloride, silver nitrate, nickel nitrate or cobalt chloride, the weight of the auxiliary agent accounts for the catalyst suspension weight
0.01-0.1%.
2. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described also includes after step (2)
Step:After photocatalyst reaction, the moisture in air after purification is partly or entirely sloughed, obtain the cleaning sky that humidity is adapted to
Gas.
3. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), when preparing micro-bubble, profit
Carried out with aeration plate or micro porous aeration head.
4. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), using air blast or air
Compressor is delivered to the air after dispersion in catalyst suspension.
5. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wavelength of ultraviolet is described in step (2)
190~280nm.
6. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the conventional catalyst material is graininess, grain
Footpath is 10nm-100 μm.
7. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pollutant is volatility in the contaminated air
Organic matter.
8. air purification method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the volatile organic matter is benzene.
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Cited By (2)
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CN108358355A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-03 | 平阳铮盛建设有限公司 | A kind of device for municipal sewage plant integration deodorization and sewage disposal |
CN111594946A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 蒋颖健 | Indoor air purification treatment method based on ultraviolet disinfection and water aeration technology |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108358355A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-03 | 平阳铮盛建设有限公司 | A kind of device for municipal sewage plant integration deodorization and sewage disposal |
CN111594946A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-28 | 蒋颖健 | Indoor air purification treatment method based on ultraviolet disinfection and water aeration technology |
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CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 610000, No. 2, building 7, 1 Jingan Road, Jinjiang District, Sichuan, Chengdu, 147 Applicant after: Chengdu green Hao Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: Wangjiang Road 610000 Sichuan city of Chengdu province Sichuan University No. 29 Taolin apartment building 2 No. 602 Applicant before: Chengdu green Hao Technology Co., Ltd. |
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RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170510 |