CN106612140B - System for satellite mobile communication multi-system coexistence - Google Patents
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- CN106612140B CN106612140B CN201510708724.6A CN201510708724A CN106612140B CN 106612140 B CN106612140 B CN 106612140B CN 201510708724 A CN201510708724 A CN 201510708724A CN 106612140 B CN106612140 B CN 106612140B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
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Abstract
The invention provides a system for coexistence of satellite mobile communication multiple systems, wherein a satellite mobile communication system B is arranged in a same frequency band of a satellite mobile communication system A, and the system comprises: the satellite mobile communication system B adopts a broadband spread spectrum technology to establish a transmission channel; transmitting a communication signaling and a forward and reverse channel frequency spectrum sensing result between the satellite and the ground terminal through the transmission channel; and according to the spectrum sensing result, carrying out configuration or real-time adjustment on spectrum resources through the communication signaling. The invention can realize the coexistence of the newly constructed satellite mobile communication system and the existing satellite mobile communication system under the condition of no harmful interference, and solves the key problem of the construction of the new system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of satellite mobile communication, in particular to a satellite mobile communication multi-system coexistence system.
Background
The spectrum resource suitable for developing global satellite mobile communication is very limited, and with the increase of the demand of satellite mobile communication, the contradiction of the shortage of the spectrum resource is increasingly prominent, and even becomes the main bottleneck restricting the development of satellite mobile communication. Most of the existing satellite mobile communication system designs adopt an on-satellite radio frequency forwarding mode, although the design of a space segment is simplified by the mode, the satellite mobile communication system can be deployed only by adopting a mode of monopolizing frequency resources due to single signal processing means. Iridium is the only low-orbit mobile communication constellation system adopting the on-satellite baseband processing, and the air interface of the Iridium adopts a TDMA multiple access mode, so that the design still needs to monopolize frequency resources.
According to radio rules established by the ITU, frequency resources suitable for global satellite mobile communication service development which can be used independently cannot be found at present, and coexistence of different satellite mobile communication systems is difficult to realize by adopting traditional frequency isolation, time isolation or space isolation.
The satellite mobile communication plays an irreplaceable important role in the fields of emergency rescue, local emergency handling, navigation and aviation safety guarantee and the like. Satellite mobile communication carries an important mission of national security, and satellite mobile communication, particularly a low-earth-orbit satellite mobile communication constellation system, has the property of global coverage, so that the requirement for building a satellite mobile communication network covering the global is urgent. However, due to the limitation of the spectrum resources covering the world, it is difficult to find unused frequency resources in the newly built satellite mobile communication system, and the spectrum resources have become the most prominent problem in the new system construction.
In the radio rules established by the ITU, out-of-system interference is allowed to be less than 6% of the thermal noise power, i.e. signals of other communication systems having less than 6% of the thermal noise power are allowed to enter the existing satellite mobile communication system. With the rapid development of electronic technology, especially integrated circuit technology, the possibility of engineering implementation is provided by adopting more complex system design. At present, satellite mobile communication is mainly applied to the fields of emergency rescue, local emergency handling, navigation and aviation safety guarantee and the like, and forms a situation complementary with ground mobile communication coverage. Therefore, in different satellite mobile communication systems, the phenomenon that the service is uneven and the probability of reaching the designed capacity is low exists, which creates conditions for dynamically finding out frequency use holes in real time by adopting a spectrum sensing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system for coexistence of multiple satellite mobile communication systems, including a satellite mobile communication system a and a satellite mobile communication system B set in the same frequency band, including:
the satellite mobile communication system B adopts a broadband spread spectrum technology to establish a transmission channel; transmitting a communication signaling and a forward and reverse channel frequency spectrum sensing result between the satellite and the ground terminal through the transmission channel; and according to the spectrum sensing result, carrying out configuration or real-time adjustment on spectrum resources through the communication signaling.
Further, the information transmitted by the transmission channel is configured on the same frequency band as the information transmitted by the satellite mobile communication system a, and/or is configured on the same frequency band as the information transmitted by the satellite mobile communication system B.
Further, the radio frequency power of the transmission channel is less than 6% of the thermal noise power.
Further, the satellite mobile communication system B monitors an idle carrier of the satellite mobile communication system a when idle; and when the service is transmitted, the information transmission is carried out by utilizing the monitored idle carrier.
Further, the monitoring of the idle carrier of the satellite mobile communication system a by the satellite mobile communication system B during idle includes, when there is service transmission, specifically: the satellite and the ground terminal of the satellite mobile communication system B monitor the carrier use condition of the satellite mobile communication system A in the same frequency band; communicating carrier information used by a forward/backward channel of the satellite mobile communication system B through the transmission channel; signals are transmitted/received at carrier positions used by the corresponding forward/backward channels.
Further, still include: and in the transmission frame of the satellite mobile communication system B, real-time interference detection is carried out in the information transmission process by adopting a mode of reserving an interference observation time window.
Further, still include: in the real-time interference detection, if it is detected that the satellite mobile communication system a and the satellite mobile communication system B use the same carrier resource, the satellite mobile communication system B performs fast carrier resource reconfiguration through the transmission channel.
Further, the interference observation time windows occupy the same or different slot positions in different transmission frames.
Further, the satellite mobile communication system a and the satellite mobile communication system B respectively adopt a circularly polarized right-handed antenna and a circularly polarized left-handed antenna to realize polarization isolation.
The invention can realize the coexistence of the newly constructed satellite mobile communication system and the existing satellite mobile communication system under the condition of no harmful interference, and solves the key problem of the construction of the new system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic frequency spectrum diagram of a system a in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic frequency spectrum diagram of a system a and a system B after signaling signals are superimposed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of power and carrier allocation when system a and system B coexist in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system B signaling information and carrier information sharing a same frequency band in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of power and carrier allocation when the system a and the system B coexist in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a frame format diagram of a system B in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for coexistence of multiple satellite mobile communication systems, including a satellite mobile communication system a and a satellite mobile communication system B set in the same frequency band, including: the satellite mobile communication system B adopts a broadband spread spectrum technology to establish a transmission channel; transmitting a communication signaling and a forward and reverse channel frequency spectrum sensing result between the satellite and the ground terminal through the transmission channel; and according to the spectrum sensing result, carrying out configuration or real-time adjustment on spectrum resources through the communication signaling.
In an alternative embodiment, the information transmitted by the transmission channel is configured on the same frequency band as the information transmitted by the satellite mobile communication system a, and/or is configured on the same frequency band as the information transmitted by the satellite mobile communication system B.
In an alternative embodiment, the radio frequency power of the transmission channel is less than 6% of the thermal noise power.
In an optional embodiment, the satellite mobile communication system B monitors idle carriers of the satellite mobile communication system a when idle; and when the service is transmitted, the information transmission is carried out by utilizing the monitored idle carrier.
In an optional embodiment, the monitoring, by the satellite mobile communication system B, idle carriers of the satellite mobile communication system a during idle, and the information transmission using the monitored idle carriers during service transmission specifically includes: the satellite and the ground terminal of the satellite mobile communication system B monitor the carrier use condition of the satellite mobile communication system A in the same frequency band; communicating carrier information used by a forward/backward channel of the satellite mobile communication system B through the transmission channel; signals are transmitted/received at carrier positions used by the corresponding forward/backward channels.
In an optional embodiment, further comprising: and in the transmission frame of the satellite mobile communication system B, real-time interference detection is carried out in the information transmission process by adopting a mode of reserving an interference observation time window.
In an optional embodiment, further comprising: in the real-time interference detection, if it is detected that the satellite mobile communication system a and the satellite mobile communication system B use the same carrier resource, the satellite mobile communication system B performs fast carrier resource reconfiguration through the transmission channel.
In an alternative embodiment, the interference observation time windows occupy the same or different slot positions in different transmission frames.
In an alternative embodiment, the satellite mobile communication system a and the satellite mobile communication system B respectively use a circularly polarized right-handed antenna and a circularly polarized left-handed antenna to achieve polarization isolation.
The above embodiments adopt a broadband spread spectrum communication system, design a signaling channel with a noise power not exceeding 6%, transmit signaling necessary for communication system operation and forward and reverse channel spectrum sensing results between the satellite and the ground terminal, and use the signaling channel to achieve real-time adjustment of spectrum resources according to the spectrum sensing results, thereby realizing in-band coexistence of different satellite mobile communication systems in the same frequency resources.
Example 1
At present, the existing satellite mobile communication system has a multiple GMR-1 or GMR-2 protocol system, the protocol adopts a multiple access mode of FDMA/TDMA, and the C/N requirement is generally higher than 5 dB. An existing satellite mobile communication system is set as a system A, and a new system which needs to coexist with the system A is set as a system B. The spectrum of system a is shown in fig. 1. In this embodiment, a wideband spreading mode is adopted, a signaling signal (indicated by a dotted line) of a system B, which is transmitted in a spreading mode and has a low spectral density, is superimposed on a frequency spectrum of a system a, and a frequency spectrum after superimposing two signals is shown in fig. 2.
According to radio regulations established by the ITU, the superimposed signal power is considered as an allowable signal power that does not cause interference to the original system a as long as it does not exceed 6% of the thermal noise. I.e. the superimposed system B signal C/N is below-12.2 dB. Considering that the original system A signal is an interference signal for receiving the superposed system B signaling signal, and the strength of the signal is 5dB higher than that of the thermal noise, the C/I of the system B adopting the broadband spread spectrum is-18 dB. If 512 times spreading is used, the spreading gain will reach 27dB, so the SNR of the despread system B will be as high as 9 dB. After considering that the despreading is not ideal and a certain engineering margin is left, the superposed very weak system B signaling signal has the capability of transmitting signaling.
After the system B has the most basic signaling transmission capability without interference, the satellite and the ground terminal may detect the idle carriers that are not used in the frequency band range of the system a, respectively, and perform information communication using specific carriers in the forward and backward channels through signaling, and the corresponding receiver of the system B receives signals at the designated carrier position, as shown in fig. 3. Wherein, the carrier wave of the dotted line is the carrier wave position which is found by the system B and is not occupied by the system A, and the receiver is informed to receive the signal at the carrier wave position through a signaling channel.
The system B can also reserve an interference observation time window specially in the frame format of the system B, and the interference observation window can slide in different time slots to observe whether the system A uses the carrier, when the system B monitors that the system A occupies the carrier, the system B can immediately carry out rapid reconfiguration of frequency resources through a signaling channel, thereby achieving the aim of coexistence of the two systems under the condition of no harmful interference.
The signaling information transmitted by system B using the wideband spread spectrum system can also be configured in the same frequency band as the information transmitted by its own system in FDMA mode, as shown in fig. 4. Of course, in actual system design, different configurations may be adopted according to specific situations such as spectrum resources, signal transmission power, user density, and the like.
Example 2
The largest satellite mobile communication system currently covering the world is Inmarsat, which can use the following frequency bands according to ITU radio rules: ground to satellite 1626.5-1660.5MHz, satellite to ground: 1525 1559 MHz; in addition, Inmarsat also transmitted satellites in the WRC-03 newly expanded ground-to-satellite 1668 + 1675MHz band and the satellite-to-ground 1518 + 1525MHz band. Under such circumstances, the newly added satellite mobile communication system faces a dilemma that no frequency resources are available to achieve global coverage. Taking the downlink design from satellite to ground as an example, the actually available frequency resources are 1518-1559MHz, which is a total bandwidth of 41 MHz.
Let Inmarsat satellite mobile communication system be A, and satellite mobile communication system to be coexistent with Inmarsat in the same frequency band be B.
The signaling of the system B adopts 512-time spread spectrum, the occupied bandwidth of the signal after the spread spectrum is 5MHz, and the spread spectrum gain is 27 dB. According to the rule of coexistence of frequency bands in ITU-R M.1183, the transmission power of other systems is less than 6% of thermal noise, namely C/N0 of a signaling channel of a B system is-12.2 dB at most. The demodulation threshold of the signaling channel is designed to be SNR (signal to noise ratio) 4dB, and the design margin of the signaling channel is-12.2 +27-4 dB to 10.8dB, and the design margin can completely meet the engineering design requirement of the satellite mobile communication system.
Considering that the existing a system is an FDMA system with 200KHz frequency spacing, there are 205 carrier frequencies in the frequency band range of 41MHz, and the a system is networked by a frequency reuse factor of 4. The newly designed B system is designed to better coexist with the existing A system, and the carrier bandwidth is not more than 200 KHz.
The signaling channel of the system B sent by adopting the spread spectrum mode is configured in a 5MHz bandwidth of 1518-1523MHz, the terminal of the system B searches the idle carrier of the system A in the range of 41M, and when there is service transmission, the idle carrier is dynamically utilized in real time to carry out information transmission. Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of power and carrier allocation relationship when the a system and the B system coexist.
The frame length of the B system is designed to be 10 ms, and the frame format is designed as shown in fig. 6, where DT is an interference detection time window, and the B system does not transmit signals in this time window. In order to ensure that the system A of FDAM/TDMA does not miss detection, DT occupies different time slot positions in different frames, such as TS0 position in frame 0, TS1 position in frame 1, and so on, and the cycle repeats continuously.
When the system B detects that the interference level is increased through detecting the time window DT when the system B transmits the service, the system A is indicated to occupy the relevant carrier, and the system B terminal informs the satellite communication load to replace the carrier through a spread spectrum signaling channel. The frame length of the system B is 10 milliseconds, the carrier replacement can be finished in two frame times from the time when the system A is found to occupy to the time when the satellite is informed of communication load replacement, namely the quick reconfiguration of carrier frequency resources can be finished in the order of tens of milliseconds, the interference to the system A is very limited at the moment, and the system B is in an allowable range according to the ITU-R M.1183 rule.
If 20% of idle carriers can be found in the a system, it means that frequency resources with 8MHz bandwidth can be found for the B system, so that the capacity of the B system has practical value.
The antenna design of the system A adopts circularly polarized right rotation, the antenna design of the system B adopts circularly polarized left rotation, so that the two systems of a downlink channel have polarization isolation of at least 9dB, and the C/N0 of the spread spectrum part of the system B can be improved to-3.2 dB by utilizing the polarization isolation on the premise that the interference of the system B on the system A is less than 6% of thermal noise, so that the transmission capability of the spread spectrum part of the system B can be effectively improved, and the most basic communication guarantee can be realized when the system B simply adopts broadband spread spectrum.
It can be seen from the above embodiments that the signaling signals are transmitted by using a broadband spread spectrum technique with an ultra-low power spectrum less than 6% of the thermal noise power, and on the premise of satisfying the ITU radio rules without interfering with the existing system, the signaling transmission requirements of the communication system for establishing and rapidly reconfiguring the frequency resources are met under the condition of no exclusive frequency resources; when the system is idle, a spectrum sensing technology is adopted to monitor the use condition of the carrier, and a monitoring blind spot is avoided through the summary analysis of multi-terminal multi-region monitoring results; in a transmission frame, real-time interference detection in the information transmission process is realized by adopting a mode of reserving an interference observation time window; after the two systems are detected to use the same carrier resources in real time, the broadband spread spectrum is utilized to realize the rapid resource reconfiguration which is not influenced by any system transmission. Under the condition that the satellite service is unevenly developed and more areas have idle margins, the invention can realize the coexistence of multiple systems on the premise of meeting ITU radio rules, thereby effectively solving the bottleneck of difficult frequency resource coordination in the construction of the conventional satellite communication system.
Claims (8)
1. A system for coexistence of multiple satellite mobile communication systems, the system comprising a satellite mobile communication system A and a satellite mobile communication system B set in the same frequency band, the system comprising:
the satellite mobile communication system B adopts a broadband spread spectrum technology to establish a transmission channel; transmitting a communication signaling and a forward and reverse channel frequency spectrum sensing result between the satellite and the ground terminal through the transmission channel; according to the spectrum sensing result, the spectrum resources are configured or adjusted in real time through the communication signaling;
the system B adopts a broadband spread spectrum technology to establish a transmission channel, and specifically comprises the following steps: and superposing a signaling signal of a system B with low spectral density and transmitted by adopting a spread spectrum mode on the frequency spectrum of the system A, wherein the power of the signaling signal is not more than 6 percent of the power of the thermal noise.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the information transmitted by the transmission channel is configured on the same frequency band as the information transmitted by the satellite mobile communication system a, and/or is configured on the same frequency band as the information transmitted by the satellite mobile communication system B.
3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the satellite mobile communication system B monitors idle carriers of the satellite mobile communication system a when idle; and when the service is transmitted, the information transmission is carried out by utilizing the monitored idle carrier.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the satellite mobile communication system B monitors idle carriers of the satellite mobile communication system a when idle, and the information transmission using the monitored idle carriers when there is service transmission specifically comprises: the satellites and the ground terminals of the satellite mobile communication system B,
monitoring the carrier use condition of the satellite mobile communication system A in the same frequency band;
communicating carrier information used by a forward/backward channel of the satellite mobile communication system B through the transmission channel;
signals are transmitted/received at carrier positions used by the corresponding forward/backward channels.
5. The system of claim 3, further comprising: and in the transmission frame of the satellite mobile communication system B, real-time interference detection is carried out in the information transmission process by adopting a mode of reserving an interference observation time window.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising: in the real-time interference detection, if it is detected that the satellite mobile communication system a and the satellite mobile communication system B use the same carrier resource, the satellite mobile communication system B performs fast carrier resource reconfiguration through the transmission channel.
7. The system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the interference observation time windows occupy the same or different slot positions in different transmission frames.
8. The system of claim 3, wherein the satellite mobile communication system A and the satellite mobile communication system B respectively use circularly polarized right-handed antennas and circularly polarized left-handed antennas to achieve polarization isolation.
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