CN106610070A - Multi-fresh air independently-adjusted compound air conditioning unit - Google Patents
Multi-fresh air independently-adjusted compound air conditioning unit Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 268
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 255
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 208
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012536 storage buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 66
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 59
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02732—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two three-way valves
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Abstract
一种可多联的新风独立调节复合式空调机组，包括通过冷热媒管路连接在一起的新风空调机组、内循环空调器和冷热源机组，所述新风空调机组和内循环空调器均可以是一组，所述任一新风空调机组均可以是可实现能量回收、免费供冷和新风独立除湿的新风空调机组，所述任一内循环空调器均能按照空调对象负荷特性和温度控制要求对室内循环空气进行冷却或加热处理。所述制冷剂压缩机还可以是两级压缩机，能满足内循环空调器供冷和新风除湿过程不同的制冷剂蒸发温度要求，有助于优化系统制冷系数。本发明可以在不同的气候条件下借助各组成部分的协同工作机制，在满足多对象空调温湿度控制要求的同时，实现高效节能的新风与内循环空气的独立调节过程。
A multi-connected fresh air independent adjustment composite air conditioner unit, including a fresh air air conditioner unit, an internal circulation air conditioner and a cold and heat source unit connected together through a cold and heat medium pipeline, the fresh air air conditioner unit and the internal circulation air conditioner are both It can be a group, and any of the fresh air air conditioning units can be a fresh air air conditioning unit that can realize energy recovery, free cooling and independent fresh air dehumidification, and any of the internal circulation air conditioners can be controlled according to the load characteristics and temperature of the air conditioning object Cooling or heating of indoor circulating air is required. The refrigerant compressor can also be a two-stage compressor, which can meet the different refrigerant evaporation temperature requirements in the cooling and fresh air dehumidification processes of the internal circulation air conditioner, and is helpful for optimizing the refrigeration coefficient of the system. The present invention can realize the independent adjustment process of high-efficiency and energy-saving fresh air and internal circulation air while meeting the temperature and humidity control requirements of multi-object air conditioners by means of the cooperative working mechanism of various components under different climatic conditions.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种空调机组，尤其是涉及一种可多联的新风独立调节复合式空调机组。The invention relates to an air conditioner unit, in particular to a multi-connected fresh air independent adjustment composite air conditioner unit.
背景技术Background technique
要实现理想的空调效果，不仅要满足室内空气温湿度的调节精度要求，还需要保持良好的室内空气品质，这就需要有良好的通风换气措施，至少应满足最小新风换气次数的要求。To achieve the ideal air-conditioning effect, it is necessary not only to meet the adjustment accuracy requirements of indoor air temperature and humidity, but also to maintain good indoor air quality, which requires good ventilation measures, at least to meet the minimum fresh air exchange frequency requirements.
按照现有的空调产品技术水平，即便是采用独立的新风空调机组，新风调节过程的能效低、能耗大，运行费用高，但室内空气品质却并不一定很理想，有时甚至还很糟糕。业内众所周知：空调负荷可分为室内负荷与新风负荷两部分，其中新风负荷为新风量与室内外空气焓差之积。通常需要空调的情况下，室内外空气的焓差均不低，所以新风负荷也不小。新风量越大，新风负荷越大，对应的空调系统能耗也越大。比如，夏季需要对新风进行冷却除湿处理，需要空调系统冷热源机组提供冷量。冬季需要对新风进行加热加湿处理，需要冷热源机组提供热量。这些情况下，冷热源机组为新风调节过程所需提供的冷量或热量与新风负荷至少要相等，新风调节过程产生的能耗与新风负荷几乎是成比例的。在某些潮湿的气候环境下，冷热源机组为新风调节所承担的冷热量供应负荷甚至比新风负荷还要大得多，因为潮湿环境下新风湿负荷大，新风除湿过程消耗的冷量要比前述的新风负荷大得多，而且新风除湿以后还要再热才能消除新风送入房间后产生的显热冷负荷效应，否则难以实现室内空气温湿度的精确控制。所以，潮湿气候环境下的新风调节能耗更是不可小觑。如果新风不是独立调节的，而是与室内空气回风混合后再一起处理，则除湿与再热过程消耗的能量更大。目前许多空调系统的冷热源机组均采用冷暖两用的热泵机组，虽然热泵机组在供热和供冷时均有一个大于1的供热或供冷系数，消耗的电能要比冷热源机组承当的冷热负荷小，但不能说是能效高，因为电能的能量品质高。由于电费贵，对目前大多数消费者来说，运行费用还是很高。如果新风再热过程使用电加热器供热，新风加湿过程使用电蒸汽加湿器产生蒸汽，能效更低，运行费用更高。某些地区可以采用集中供热、燃气采暖或者余热采暖，成本稍低，但受限于当地可用资源，而且不能解决供冷问题，运行费用也不可能很低。所以，大多数有控制通风措施的空调系统，比如中央空调，在设计选型过程中往往将新风换气次数设定在尽可能低的水平上，以便尽可能降低新风调节的总能耗，此时室内空气品质的改善程度必然会受较小通风换气次数的限制。尤其是在一些污染物散发量大的生产车间内，如果针对室内污染物浓度的控制缺乏严格的标准或监管，业主为了节约经营成本采取偏低的通风换气次数，致使室内空气品质很糟糕也是完全有可能的。但是，随着人们的劳保意识不断增强和对生活品质的追求标准不断提高，今后新风换气次数的行业标准无疑也会越来越高。According to the current technical level of air-conditioning products, even if an independent fresh air air-conditioning unit is used, the energy efficiency of the fresh air conditioning process is low, the energy consumption is high, and the operating cost is high, but the indoor air quality is not necessarily ideal, and sometimes it is even very bad. It is well known in the industry that the air conditioning load can be divided into two parts: indoor load and fresh air load, where the fresh air load is the product of the fresh air volume and the enthalpy difference between indoor and outdoor air. Usually, when air conditioning is required, the enthalpy difference between indoor and outdoor air is not low, so the fresh air load is not small. The greater the fresh air volume, the greater the fresh air load, and the corresponding energy consumption of the air conditioning system. For example, in summer, the fresh air needs to be cooled and dehumidified, and the cold and heat source units of the air conditioning system are required to provide cooling capacity. In winter, the fresh air needs to be heated and humidified, and the cold and heat source unit is required to provide heat. In these cases, the cooling or heat required by the cold and heat source units for the fresh air conditioning process must be at least equal to the fresh air load, and the energy consumption generated by the fresh air conditioning process is almost proportional to the fresh air load. In some humid climates, the cooling and heat supply load borne by the cold and heat source unit for the fresh air adjustment is even much larger than the fresh air load, because the fresh air humidity load is large in humid environments, and the cooling capacity consumed by the fresh air dehumidification process The fresh air load is much larger than the aforementioned fresh air load, and the fresh air needs to be reheated after dehumidification to eliminate the sensible heat and cold load effect generated after the fresh air is sent into the room, otherwise it is difficult to achieve precise control of indoor air temperature and humidity. Therefore, the energy consumption of fresh air regulation in humid climates should not be underestimated. If the fresh air is not regulated independently, but is mixed with the indoor return air and processed together, the dehumidification and reheating process consumes more energy. At present, the cold and heat source units of many air conditioning systems use heat pump units for heating and cooling. Although the heat pump unit has a heating or cooling coefficient greater than 1 in heating and cooling, the power consumption is lower than that of the cold and heat source units. The cooling and heating load is small, but it cannot be said to have high energy efficiency, because the energy quality of electric energy is high. Due to the high cost of electricity, operating costs are still high for most consumers today. If the fresh air reheating process uses electric heaters for heating, and the fresh air humidification process uses electric steam humidifiers to generate steam, the energy efficiency is lower and the operating cost is higher. In some areas, central heating, gas heating or waste heat heating can be used, and the cost is slightly lower, but it is limited by local available resources, and it cannot solve the cooling problem, and the operating cost cannot be very low. Therefore, most air-conditioning systems with controlled ventilation measures, such as central air-conditioning, often set the number of fresh air changes at the lowest possible level during the design and selection process in order to reduce the total energy consumption of fresh air conditioning as much as possible. The degree of improvement of indoor air quality will inevitably be limited by the small number of ventilation and air changes. Especially in some production workshops that emit a large amount of pollutants, if there is no strict standard or supervision for the control of indoor pollutant concentration, the owner adopts a low ventilation frequency in order to save operating costs, resulting in poor indoor air quality. It's entirely possible. However, as people's awareness of labor protection continues to increase and their pursuit of quality of life continues to improve, the industry standard for the number of fresh air changes will undoubtedly become higher and higher in the future.
无控制通风措施的空调场合，室内温湿度控制精度差，而如果要实现相同的通风换气效果并满足相同的温湿度控制要求，则空调系统的能耗更大。没有控制通风措施并不意味着不需要通风，而是依靠自然通风，通风换气次数不稳定，随机性大，无法准确控制，造成室内空气温湿度波动大，控制精度下降。比如许多采用分体式空调的场合就没有控制通风措施，通常是以人为地给空调房间的门窗留有一定的缝隙或间歇性的打开门窗的方式，让新风通过门窗随机性的渗入或流入。这种自然通风方式在夏季或潮湿气候环境下还会对温湿度控制精度要求较高的空调系统造成另一个负面影响：降低热泵机组的制冷效率，从而增加空调系统的能耗。其理由如下：首先，自然通风将室外空气不经任何处理直接送入室内，新风负荷直接与原有室内负荷叠加，叠加后的负荷全部由内循环空调器（也就是仅处理室内循环空气的空调器，比如分体式空调器的室内机）承担。其次，夏季或潮湿气候环境下，室外空气湿度高，新风湿负荷大，所以叠加后的总负荷中热湿比减小。这种情况下，对于室内空气温湿度控制精度要求较高的空调系统来说，要求的送风湿度就要降低，那么空气经过内循环空调器内的制冷剂蒸发器冷却除湿后的机器露点温度也就必须降低，从而迫使制冷剂的蒸发温度也必须降低。然而，根据蒸汽压缩式制冷机组的工作特性可知，制冷剂蒸发温度降低，制冷机组的制冷效率也就降低，所以空调系统的能耗增加。In the air-conditioning place without control ventilation measures, the indoor temperature and humidity control accuracy is poor, and if the same ventilation effect and the same temperature and humidity control requirements are to be achieved, the air-conditioning system will consume more energy. The absence of ventilation control measures does not mean that ventilation is not needed, but natural ventilation is relied on. The number of ventilation changes is unstable and random, and cannot be accurately controlled, resulting in large fluctuations in indoor air temperature and humidity, and a decrease in control accuracy. For example, many occasions that use split air conditioners do not have ventilation control measures. Usually, the doors and windows of the air-conditioned room are artificially left with certain gaps or the doors and windows are opened intermittently, so that fresh air can randomly infiltrate or flow in through the doors and windows. This natural ventilation method will also have another negative impact on the air-conditioning system that requires high temperature and humidity control accuracy in summer or humid climates: it will reduce the cooling efficiency of the heat pump unit, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system. The reasons are as follows: First, natural ventilation sends outdoor air directly into the room without any treatment, and the fresh air load is directly superimposed on the original indoor load, and the superimposed load is all provided by the internal circulation air conditioner (that is, the air conditioner that only processes indoor circulating air) devices, such as indoor units of split air conditioners). Secondly, in summer or in a humid climate environment, the outdoor air humidity is high, and the new rheumatic load is large, so the heat-humidity ratio in the total load after superposition decreases. In this case, for the air conditioning system that requires high indoor air temperature and humidity control accuracy, the required air supply humidity will be reduced, so the dew point temperature of the machine after the air is cooled and dehumidified by the refrigerant evaporator in the internal circulation air conditioner It must also be reduced, thereby forcing the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant to also be reduced. However, according to the working characteristics of the vapor compression refrigerating unit, it can be seen that when the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant decreases, the cooling efficiency of the refrigerating unit also decreases, so the energy consumption of the air conditioning system increases.
CN103075769B公开了一种可实现能量回收与免费供冷的新风调节方法和装置，通过该装置可实现如下的新风调节过程和节能效益。CN103075769B discloses a fresh air adjustment method and device capable of realizing energy recovery and free cooling, through which the following fresh air adjustment process and energy-saving benefits can be realized.
供冷季节，回收排风中的能量用于新风的冷却和除湿，可以在供冷季节节约大量的新风空调能耗。供热季节，回收排风中的能量用于新风的加热和加湿，可以在供热季节节约大量的新风空调能耗。过渡季节潮湿气候或有较大室内湿负荷的条件下，回收新风再热过程中的冷量用于新风的预冷和除湿也就等于是回收新风预冷和除湿过程的热量用于新风的再热，因此可以同时减少新风处理过程的冷负荷和热负荷，也同样可以节约大量的空调系统能耗。In the cooling season, the energy in the exhaust air is recovered for the cooling and dehumidification of the fresh air, which can save a lot of energy consumption of the fresh air air conditioner in the cooling season. In the heating season, the energy in the exhaust air is recovered for the heating and humidification of the fresh air, which can save a lot of energy consumption of the fresh air air conditioner in the heating season. Under the conditions of humid climate in transitional seasons or a large indoor humidity load, recovering the cooling energy in the fresh air reheating process for fresh air precooling and dehumidification is equivalent to recovering the heat in the fresh air precooling and dehumidification process for fresh air reheating. Therefore, the cooling load and heating load of the fresh air treatment process can be reduced at the same time, and a large amount of energy consumption of the air conditioning system can also be saved.
干热气候条件下，利用室外空气中水的蒸发冷却能力实现新风的降温调节有可能使空调系统的能效大为提高，这就是免费供冷的一种体现，这种供冷方式甚至可以在扩大新风换气次数的同时还能起到减少空调系统总能耗的作用，有利于提高通风换气次数和改善室内空气品质。Under hot and dry climate conditions, using the evaporative cooling capacity of water in the outdoor air to realize the cooling adjustment of fresh air may greatly improve the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system. This is a manifestation of free cooling. This cooling method can even expand The frequency of fresh air exchange can also reduce the total energy consumption of the air conditioning system, which is conducive to increasing the frequency of ventilation and improving indoor air quality.
但是，CN103075769B提供的新风调节装置不能独立承担全工况下完整的空调任务，需要内循环空调器承担供冷和供热季节的室内温度调节任务。在需要除湿的季节，还需要冷热源机组给所述新风调节装置内的补充除湿换热器提供补充除湿过程中所需的冷量。However, the fresh air adjustment device provided by CN103075769B cannot independently undertake the complete air-conditioning task under all working conditions, and the internal circulation air conditioner is required to undertake the indoor temperature adjustment task in the cooling and heating seasons. In the season when dehumidification is required, the cold and heat source unit is also required to provide the supplementary dehumidification heat exchanger in the fresh air conditioning device with the cooling capacity required in the supplementary dehumidification process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种可多联的新风独立调节复合式空调机组，该复合式空调机组可以在不同的气候条件下借助新风空调机组、内循环空调器和冷热源机组的协同工作机制，在满足多对象空调温湿度控制要求的同时，实现高效节能的新风与内循环空气的独立调节过程，为提高通风换气次数和改善室内空气品质提供高效节能的空气调节方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-connected fresh air independent adjustment composite air conditioner unit, which can use fresh air air conditioner unit, internal circulation air conditioner and cold and heat source unit under different climatic conditions The cooperative working mechanism, while meeting the temperature and humidity control requirements of multi-object air conditioners, realizes the independent adjustment process of high-efficiency and energy-saving fresh air and internal circulation air, and provides an efficient and energy-saving air conditioning method for increasing the frequency of ventilation and improving indoor air quality.
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是：一种可多联的新风独立调节复合式空调机组，包括新风空调机组、内循环空调器和冷热源机组，所述新风空调机组包括可利用冷媒对新风进行冷却除湿的新风冷却除湿换热器，所述冷热源机组包括压缩机、节流阀Ⅰ、节流阀Ⅱ和室外换热器以及制冷剂管路，所述节流阀Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅱ均是可双向流通的，所述内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路的一端连接节流阀Ⅰ，所述室外换热器所属制冷剂管路的一端则连接节流阀Ⅱ，所述节流阀Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅱ的另一端均通过制冷剂管路相互连通，所述冷热源机组还包括三通换向阀Ⅰ和三通换向阀Ⅱ，所述内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路的另一端连接三通换向阀Ⅰ，所述室外换热器所属制冷剂管路的另一端则连接三通换向阀Ⅱ，所述三通换向阀Ⅰ和三通换向阀Ⅱ的低压出口均通过制冷剂管路与压缩机的吸气口相连通，所述三通换向阀Ⅰ和三通换向阀Ⅱ的高压入口则通过制冷剂管路与压缩机的排气口相连通，形成冷暖两用热泵式空调系统的制冷剂回路，通过所述三通换向阀Ⅰ阀位的切换可选择压缩机吸气口或排气口与内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路相连通，可实现所述内循环空调器制冷或供热工作模式和状态的独立调节，所述新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管路的入口端连接节流阀Ⅲ，且所述节流阀Ⅲ的入口端通过制冷剂管路与所述节流阀Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅱ相互连通端的连接总管相连通，所述新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管路的出口端则通过制冷剂管路与压缩机的吸气口相连通。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a multi-connected fresh air independently adjustable composite air conditioner unit, including a fresh air air conditioner unit, an internal circulation air conditioner and a cold and heat source unit, and the fresh air air conditioner unit includes an available refrigerant Fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger for cooling and dehumidifying fresh air, the cold and heat source unit includes compressor, throttle valve I, throttle valve II, outdoor heat exchanger and refrigerant pipeline, the throttle valve I and Throttle valve II can communicate in both directions. One end of the refrigerant pipeline belonging to the internal circulation air conditioner is connected to throttle valve I, and one end of the refrigerant pipeline belonging to the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to throttle valve II. The other ends of the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II are connected to each other through refrigerant pipelines, and the cold and heat source unit also includes a three-way reversing valve I and a three-way reversing valve II, and the internal circulation air conditioner The other end of the refrigerant pipeline belonging to the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the three-way reversing valve I, and the other end of the refrigerant pipeline belonging to the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the three-way reversing valve II. The three-way reversing valve I and the three-way reversing valve The low-pressure outlets of the two-way reversing valve II are connected to the suction port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline, and the high-pressure inlets of the three-way reversing valve I and the three-way reversing valve II are connected to the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline. The exhaust port of the compressor is connected to form the refrigerant circuit of the dual-purpose heat pump air-conditioning system. Through the switching of the three-way reversing valve I valve position, the suction port or exhaust port of the compressor can be selected to connect with the internal circulation air conditioner. The associated refrigerant pipelines are connected to realize the independent adjustment of the cooling or heating working mode and state of the internal circulation air conditioner. The inlet end of the refrigerant pipeline to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger belongs is connected to the throttle valve III. In addition, the inlet end of the throttle valve III is connected to the connecting main pipe at the interconnection end of the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II through the refrigerant pipeline, and the outlet of the refrigerant pipeline to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger belongs The end is connected with the suction port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline.
进一步，所述新风空调机组或/和内循环空调器均可以是一组，为两台以上，相应的，所述三通换向阀Ⅰ也为一组。Further, the fresh air air conditioner unit or/and the internal circulation air conditioner can be a group of more than two, and correspondingly, the three-way reversing valve I is also a group.
进一步，所述压缩机可以是两级压缩机，所述三通换向阀Ⅰ和三通换向阀Ⅱ的低压出口均通过制冷剂管路与压缩机的高压吸气口相连通，所述新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管路的出口端与压缩机的低压吸气口相连通。Further, the compressor may be a two-stage compressor, the low-pressure outlets of the three-way reversing valve I and the three-way reversing valve II are connected to the high-pressure suction port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline, and the The outlet end of the refrigerant pipeline to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger belongs is connected with the low-pressure suction port of the compressor.
进一步，所述新风空调机组包括新风系统和排风系统，所述新风系统包括外壳Ⅰ、风扇Ⅰ、第一能量回收新风换热器、新风冷却除湿换热器、新风系统水池，所述外壳Ⅰ的下端与新风系统水池相连，所述新风系统水池上设有补水阀，所述风扇Ⅰ、第一能量回收新风换热器、新风冷却除湿换热器沿新风流动路线安装于外壳Ⅰ内，所述外壳Ⅰ上设有新风入口和新风送风口，所述第一能量回收新风换热器位于所述新风冷却除湿换热器的上游，所述排风系统包括外壳Ⅱ、风扇Ⅱ、液体分布器、填料床热质交换器、排风系统水池，所述外壳Ⅱ上设有排风入口和排风出口，所述外壳Ⅱ的下端与排风系统水池相连，所述填料床热质交换器安装在外壳Ⅱ内，并位于液体分布器的下方，所述排风系统水池上设有排水阀，所述新风系统和排风系统之间设有循环泵Ⅰ，所述循环泵Ⅰ的进口通过水或水溶液管路与排风系统水池相连，所述循环泵Ⅰ的出口通过水或水溶液管路与第一能量回收新风换热器的水或水溶液管道进口相连，所述第一能量回收新风换热器的水或水溶液管道出口通过管路与液体分布器的水或水溶液管路进口相连，构成用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统。Further, the fresh air air conditioning unit includes a fresh air system and an exhaust system, and the fresh air system includes a casing I, a fan I, a first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, a fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger, and a fresh air system pool. The casing I The lower end of the fresh air system is connected to the pool of the fresh air system, and a water replenishment valve is arranged on the pool of the fresh air system. The fan I, the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, and the fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger are installed in the shell I along the fresh air flow route. The shell I is provided with a fresh air inlet and a fresh air supply port, the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger is located upstream of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger, and the exhaust system includes a shell II, a fan II, a liquid distributor , packed bed heat and mass exchanger, exhaust system pool, the shell II is provided with an exhaust inlet and an exhaust outlet, the lower end of the shell II is connected to the exhaust system pool, and the packed bed heat and mass exchanger is installed In the casing II and below the liquid distributor, a drain valve is provided on the pool of the exhaust system, and a circulation pump I is provided between the fresh air system and the exhaust system, and the inlet of the circulation pump I passes through the water Or the aqueous solution pipeline is connected to the pool of the exhaust system, the outlet of the circulation pump I is connected to the water or aqueous solution pipeline inlet of the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger through the water or aqueous solution pipeline, and the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchange The water or aqueous solution pipeline outlet of the device is connected with the water or aqueous solution pipeline inlet of the liquid distributor through pipelines, forming a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing full heat energy recovery and free cooling.
进一步，所述新风系统内设有第二能量回收新风换热器，外壳Ⅰ内设有新风系统内部连接风道，所述新风系统内部连接风道的入口与新风冷却除湿换热器的出口端直接连通，所述新风系统内部连接风道的出口与第二能量回收新风换热器的一端直接连通，所述第二能量回收新风换热器的另一端与新风送风口直接连通；所述排风系统内设有表面式换热器，所述表面式换热器位于填料床热质交换器之前；所述新风系统与排风系统之间设有循环泵Ⅱ，所述循环泵Ⅱ、表面式换热器、第二能量回收新风换热器通过水或水溶液管路相连形成回路，构成用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统。Further, the fresh air system is provided with a second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, and the shell I is provided with an internal connection air duct of the fresh air system, and the fresh air system internally connects the inlet of the air duct with the outlet end of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger directly communicated, the outlet of the connecting air duct inside the fresh air system is directly communicated with one end of the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, and the other end of the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger is directly communicated with the fresh air supply port; the exhaust There is a surface heat exchanger in the air system, and the surface heat exchanger is located before the packed bed heat and mass exchanger; there is a circulation pump II between the fresh air system and the exhaust system, and the circulation pump II, surface The type heat exchanger and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger are connected through water or aqueous solution pipelines to form a loop, constituting a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling.
进一步，所述全热与显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统之间还设有第一跨回路连接管道、第二跨回路连接管道；所述第一跨回路连接管道的入口端连接在循环泵Ⅰ的出口管道上，连接点为一分流节点，出口端连接在排风系统表面式换热器的水或水溶液管道入口和第二能量回收新风换热器之间的水或水溶液循环回路连接管道上，连接点为另一分流节点，所述第一跨回路连接管道上设有跨回路控制阀；所述第二跨回路连接管道的入口端连接在排风系统表面式换热器的水或水溶液管道出口和第二能量回收新风换热器之间的水或水溶液循环回路连接管道上，连接点为一汇流节点，出口端连接在液体分布器和第一能量回收新风换热器之间的水或水溶液循环回路连接管道上，连接点为另一汇流节点。Further, a first cross-loop connecting pipeline and a second cross-loop connecting pipeline are also provided between the total heat and sensible heat energy recovery and the free cooling water or aqueous solution circulation system; the inlet of the first cross-loop connecting pipeline The outlet end is connected to the outlet pipe of the circulating pump I, the connection point is a split node, and the outlet end is connected to the water or water between the water or aqueous solution pipe inlet of the surface heat exchanger of the exhaust system and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger. The aqueous solution circulation loop is connected to the pipeline, and the connection point is another branch node. The first cross-loop connection pipeline is provided with a cross-loop control valve; The water or aqueous solution circulation loop between the water or aqueous solution pipeline outlet of the heater and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger is connected to the pipeline, the connection point is a confluence node, and the outlet end is connected to the liquid distributor and the first energy recovery fresh air exchanger The water or aqueous solution circulation loop between the heaters is connected to the pipeline, and the connection point is another confluence node.
进一步，所述新风送风口为两个，即第一新风送风口、第二新风送风口，所述新风送风口均为带控制阀的新风送风口，所述第二新风送风口位于第二能量回收新风换热器的一端，并与所述新风系统内部连接风道直接连通，所述第一新风送风口位于第二能量回收新风换热器的另一端，外壳Ⅰ内还设有新风系统内部旁通风道和新风系统内部旁通风阀，所述新风系统内部旁通风道的入口与第一能量回收新风换热器的入口管道直接连通，所述新风系统内部旁通风道的出口与第一新风送风口直接连通。Further, there are two fresh air outlets, that is, the first fresh air outlet and the second fresh air outlet, both of which are fresh air outlets with control valves, and the second fresh air outlet is located at the second energy Recover one end of the fresh air heat exchanger and directly communicate with the connecting air duct inside the fresh air system. The first fresh air supply port is located at the other end of the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger. There is also a fresh air system inside the shell I. The bypass duct and the bypass ventilation valve inside the fresh air system, the entrance of the bypass duct inside the fresh air system is directly connected to the inlet pipe of the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, the outlet of the bypass duct inside the fresh air system is connected to the first fresh air The air supply port is directly connected.
进一步，所述新风系统内设有用于新风加湿的水或水溶液喷雾系统。Further, the fresh air system is provided with a water or aqueous solution spray system for fresh air humidification.
进一步，所述用于新风加湿的水或水溶液喷雾系统包括喷雾器、三通阀Ⅲ、输送泵、蓄压缓冲罐，所述三通阀Ⅲ的第一进口通过水或水溶液管路与排风系统水池相连，所述三通阀Ⅲ的第二进口通过水或水溶液管路与新风系统水池相连，所述三通阀Ⅲ的出口通过水或水溶液管路与输送泵的进口相连，所述输送泵的出口通过水或水溶液管路与喷雾器相连，所述蓄压缓冲罐安装于输送泵与喷雾器相连的水或水溶液管路上。Further, the water or aqueous solution spray system for fresh air humidification includes a sprayer, a three-way valve III, a delivery pump, and a pressure accumulation buffer tank, and the first inlet of the three-way valve III passes through a water or aqueous solution pipeline and an exhaust system. The second inlet of the three-way valve III is connected to the pool of the fresh air system through a water or aqueous solution pipeline, and the outlet of the three-way valve III is connected to the inlet of the delivery pump through a water or aqueous solution pipeline. The outlet of the outlet is connected to the sprayer through a water or aqueous solution pipeline, and the pressure accumulation buffer tank is installed on the water or aqueous solution pipeline connected between the delivery pump and the sprayer.
通过所述新风系统控制阀的调节可实现新风流程的控制。通过新风流程的控制可以让新风依次流过第一能量回收新风换热器、新风冷却除湿换热器和第二能量回收新风换热器直至通过第一送风口送出，以提高新风空调机组的整体热回收效率。在干热气候条件下，通过新风流程的控制也可以让新风并行流过两个能量回收新风换热器以提高新风换气次数或新风冷却效果，从而提高新风空调机组的免费供冷能力。The control of the fresh air flow can be realized through the adjustment of the fresh air system control valve. Through the control of the fresh air process, the fresh air can flow through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger until it is sent out through the first air supply port, so as to improve the overall performance of the fresh air air conditioning unit. Heat recovery efficiency. In hot and dry climates, through the control of the fresh air process, the fresh air can also flow through two energy recovery fresh air heat exchangers in parallel to increase the number of fresh air changes or the fresh air cooling effect, thereby improving the free cooling capacity of the fresh air air conditioning unit.
所述喷雾器用于在供热季节或其他季节干燥气候条件下向新风中喷入雾化水或水溶液。雾化水或水溶液自喷雾器喷出后随新风依次流过第一能量回收新风换热器和新风冷却除湿换热器，然后在重力或惯性力的作用下从气流中分离并汇集到新风系统水池内。雾化水或水溶液随新风在第一能量回收新风换热器内流过时将蒸发而产生加湿甚至冷却的效果。The sprayer is used for spraying atomized water or aqueous solution into the fresh air in the heat supply season or dry weather conditions in other seasons. Atomized water or aqueous solution flows through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger and fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger with the fresh air after spraying from the sprayer, and then is separated from the air flow under the action of gravity or inertial force and collected into the fresh air system pool Inside. The atomized water or aqueous solution will evaporate when the fresh air flows through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger to produce humidification and even cooling effects.
所述第一能量回收新风换热器为新风与循环水或水溶液之间非直接接触的换热器，用于在循环水或水溶液与新风之间传递冷量或热量，也就是传递循环水或水溶液中回收的能量至新风，实现新风的冷却或加热、除湿或加湿等过程。The first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger is a non-direct contact heat exchanger between fresh air and circulating water or aqueous solution, which is used to transfer cold or heat between circulating water or aqueous solution and fresh air, that is, to transfer circulating water or The energy recovered in the aqueous solution is sent to the fresh air to realize the cooling or heating, dehumidification or humidification of the fresh air.
在供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，新风在第一能量回收新风换热器中被预先冷却和除湿后，经过新风冷却除湿换热器时还可以进一步被补充冷却除湿，以降低新风送风湿度来满足空调除湿和室内空气湿度调节的要求。此时，新风冷却除湿换热器也可以称为新风补充冷却除湿换热器或简称为新风补充除湿换热器。所述新风冷却除湿换热器可以是直接通过制冷剂管路与热泵相连的制冷剂蒸发器，也可以是通过中间传热介质（如冷媒水）管路与热泵间接相连的表冷式换热器，用来为新风冷却除湿提供所需的冷量。In the humid climate of the cooling season, the transitional season or the condition of a large indoor humidity load, after the fresh air is pre-cooled and dehumidified in the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger, it can be further replenished when it passes through the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger Cooling and dehumidification to reduce the humidity of the fresh air supply to meet the requirements of air conditioning dehumidification and indoor air humidity adjustment. At this time, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can also be called a fresh air supplementary cooling dehumidification heat exchanger or simply a fresh air supplementary dehumidification heat exchanger. The fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can be a refrigerant evaporator directly connected to a heat pump through a refrigerant pipeline, or a surface-cooled heat exchanger indirectly connected to a heat pump through an intermediate heat transfer medium (such as refrigerant water) pipeline The device is used to provide the required cooling capacity for fresh air cooling and dehumidification.
所述新风系统水池可以是简单的接水盘，用于承接在新风系统内产生的冷凝水或未蒸发而沉降的雾化水或水溶液。The pool of the fresh air system may be a simple water receiving tray for receiving condensed water generated in the fresh air system or atomized water or aqueous solution that has not evaporated but settled.
所述第二能量回收新风换热器为空气与循环水或水溶液之间非直接接触的换热器，用于在循环水或水溶液与新风之间传递热量或冷量，也就是传递循环水或水溶液中回收的能量至新风，实现新风的再加热或冷却过程。新风在第二能量回收新风换热器内的冷却过程也有可能产生除湿效果，再热过程也可回收新风释放的冷量至循环水或水溶液。The second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger is a heat exchanger with indirect contact between air and circulating water or aqueous solution, and is used to transfer heat or cold between circulating water or aqueous solution and fresh air, that is, to transfer circulating water or The energy recovered in the aqueous solution is sent to the fresh air to realize the reheating or cooling process of the fresh air. The cooling process of the fresh air in the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger may also produce a dehumidification effect, and the reheating process can also recover the cold energy released by the fresh air to the circulating water or aqueous solution.
所述液体分布器用于向填料床热质交换器淋洒循环水或水溶液，并实现均匀的分布。The liquid distributor is used for spraying circulating water or aqueous solution to the packed bed heat and mass exchanger, and realizing uniform distribution.
所述填料床热质交换器为空气与循环水或水溶液直接接触的热质交换器，通过其中的热质交换回收排风中的全热能量至循环水或水溶液，实现循环水或水溶液的加热或冷却。所谓全热能量包括显热和潜热能量，其中显热能量可以是供热季节排风的显热热能（即高温的排风因热交换过程降温而释放的热量），也可以是其他季节排风的显热冷量（即低温的排风因热交换过程升温而吸收的热量），潜热能量可以是供热季节排风中的水蒸气冷凝时的冷凝热，也可以是其他季节水或水溶液在排风中蒸发冷却产生的冷量。通过填料床热质交换器中的热质交换也可以回收排风中的水蒸汽冷凝时产生的冷凝水，以减少补水资源的消耗。The packed bed heat-mass exchanger is a heat-mass exchanger in which air is in direct contact with circulating water or aqueous solution, through which heat and mass exchange recovers the total heat energy in the exhaust air to circulating water or aqueous solution, thereby realizing heating of circulating water or aqueous solution or chilled. The so-called total heat energy includes sensible heat and latent heat energy, of which sensible heat energy can be the sensible heat energy of the exhaust air in the heating season (that is, the heat released by the high-temperature exhaust air due to the cooling of the heat exchange process), or it can be the exhaust air in other seasons. Sensible heat and cold capacity (that is, the heat absorbed by the low-temperature exhaust air due to the heat exchange process), latent heat energy can be the heat of condensation when the water vapor in the exhaust air condenses in the heating season, or it can be the heat of water or aqueous solution in other seasons Cooling capacity generated by evaporative cooling in the exhaust air. The heat and mass exchange in the packed bed heat and mass exchanger can also recover the condensed water generated when the water vapor in the exhaust air condenses, so as to reduce the consumption of supplementary water resources.
所述排风系统水池可以是简单的接水盘，用于承接从填料床热质交换器流出的循环水或水溶液。The pool of the exhaust system may be a simple water receiving tray for receiving circulating water or aqueous solution flowing out from the packed bed heat and mass exchanger.
所述排风系统表面式换热器为空气与循环水或水溶液之间非直接接触的换热器，用于在排风进入填料床热质交换器之前实现排风与循环水或水溶液之间的显热能量传递，通过显热能量传递实现循环水或水溶液的加热和排风的预冷，有利于提高填料床热质交换器内的全热回收效率或蒸发冷却效果，也可回收排风中的显热热能。The surface heat exchanger of the exhaust system is a non-direct contact heat exchanger between air and circulating water or aqueous solution, which is used to realize the exchange between exhaust air and circulating water or aqueous solution before the exhaust air enters the packed bed heat and mass exchanger. Sensible heat energy transfer, the heating of circulating water or aqueous solution and the precooling of exhaust air are realized through sensible heat energy transfer, which is conducive to improving the total heat recovery efficiency or evaporative cooling effect in the packed bed heat and mass exchanger, and can also recycle exhaust air Sensible heat energy in .
喷雾系统的作用在于为喷雾器输送水或水溶液，保证喷雾器的正常工作。三通阀Ⅲ的作用在于使喷雾系统可以选择不同的喷雾水或水溶液的来源。在洁净的室内空气环境下，新风空调机组内的循环水或水溶液的水质较好，喷雾系统可以选择从排风系统水或水溶液池吸取循环水或水溶液作为喷雾水或水溶液，有利于利用排风过程回收在循环水或水溶液中的冷凝水补偿喷雾蒸发过程的水分消耗。在排风污染较严重的情况下，喷雾系统可以选择从新风系统水或水溶液池直接吸取补充水或水溶液作为喷雾水或水溶液，以确保喷雾的水质和新风的空气品质。蓄压缓冲罐用于压力式喷雾系统，其作用在于使喷雾系统水或水溶液输送泵可以采取间歇式的方式工作，有利于节省喷雾泵的能耗，延长泵的使用寿命，也有利于喷雾泵的选配。而且，通过调节喷雾系统水或水溶液输送泵间歇工作过程的占空比可以轻松地实现喷雾压力的调节，从而实现喷雾量的调节，有利于调节新风加湿量，也有利于优化供热季节新风空调机组的热回收效果和节能效益。The function of the spray system is to deliver water or aqueous solution to the sprayer to ensure the normal operation of the sprayer. The function of the three-way valve III is to enable the spray system to select different sources of spray water or aqueous solutions. In a clean indoor air environment, the water quality of the circulating water or aqueous solution in the fresh air air conditioning unit is good, and the spray system can choose to draw circulating water or aqueous solution from the exhaust system water or aqueous solution pool as spray water or aqueous solution, which is conducive to the use of exhaust air. Process recovery Condensed water in the circulating water or aqueous solution compensates for the water consumption of the spray evaporation process. In the case of severe exhaust air pollution, the spray system can choose to directly draw supplementary water or aqueous solution from the fresh air system water or aqueous solution pool as spray water or aqueous solution to ensure the spray water quality and fresh air air quality. The pressure accumulator buffer tank is used in the pressure spray system. Its function is to make the water or aqueous solution delivery pump of the spray system work intermittently, which is beneficial to save the energy consumption of the spray pump, prolong the service life of the pump, and also benefit the spray pump. optional. Moreover, the adjustment of the spray pressure can be easily realized by adjusting the duty cycle of the spray system water or aqueous solution delivery pump in the intermittent working process, so as to realize the adjustment of the spray volume, which is beneficial to the adjustment of the fresh air humidification amount, and also helps to optimize the fresh air air conditioner in the heating season The heat recovery effect and energy saving benefit of the unit.
用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统，在供热季节、供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，该回路中的水或水溶液依靠循环泵Ⅰ的驱动在填料床热质交换器和第一能量回收新风换热器之间循环流动，实现从排风中回收全热能量，用于新风的冷却或加热、除湿或加湿等处理过程。在干热气候条件下，也可以通过水或水溶液循环系统模式切换控制阀（跨回路控制阀）的调节，使该循环系统和用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统合并为一个复合的水或水溶液循环系统，以实现免费供冷循环或提高免费供冷效果。A water or aqueous solution circulation system used to realize full thermal energy recovery and free cooling. In the heating season, cooling season, transitional season, humid climate or indoor humidity load, the water or aqueous solution in the loop relies on circulation The drive of pump I circulates between the packed bed heat-mass exchanger and the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger to realize the recovery of full heat energy from the exhaust air, which is used for cooling or heating, dehumidification or humidification of fresh air. Under dry and hot climate conditions, the water or aqueous solution circulation system mode switching control valve (cross-loop control valve) can also be adjusted to make the circulation system and the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling Combined into a composite water or aqueous solution circulation system to realize free cooling cycle or improve free cooling effect.
用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统，在供热季节、供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，该循环系统用于实现排风和新风之间的显热交换，也是为了实现排风预冷和新风再热的效果，以优化新风空调机组的整体能量回收或蒸发冷却效果。在干热气候条件下，也可以通过水或水溶液循环系统模式切换控制阀（跨回路控制阀）的调节，使该循环系统和用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统合并为一个复合的水或水溶液循环系统，以实现免费供冷循环。A water or aqueous solution circulation system used to realize sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling. Under the conditions of heating season, cooling season, transition season humid climate or indoor humidity load, the circulation system is used to realize exhaust and cooling. The sensible heat exchange between the fresh air is also to achieve the effect of exhaust air precooling and fresh air reheating, so as to optimize the overall energy recovery or evaporative cooling effect of the fresh air air conditioning unit. Under dry and hot climate conditions, the water or aqueous solution circulation system mode switching control valve (cross-loop control valve) can also be adjusted to make the circulation system and the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing full heat energy recovery and free cooling Combined into a composite water or aqueous solution circulation system for free cooling circulation.
所述全热能量回收包括显热和潜热能量回收，并且回收的能量可以是用于冷却或除湿的冷量（吸热量），也可以是用于加热或加湿的热量（加热量）。The total heat energy recovery includes sensible heat and latent heat energy recovery, and the recovered energy can be cold energy (absorbed heat) for cooling or dehumidification, or heat (heating energy) for heating or humidification.
所述冷暖两用的热泵空调系统可以依靠三通换向阀Ⅰ和三通换向阀Ⅱ阀位的变换实现内循环空调器制冷或供热工作模式的切换，在任一空调室内（即空调对象）需要供热时通过该室内的内循环空调器提供热量，在任一空调室内需要制冷时通过该室内的内循环空调器提供冷量，满足空调室内空气温度的控制要求。The dual-purpose heat pump air-conditioning system can rely on the change of the three-way reversing valve I and the three-way reversing valve II to realize the switching of the cooling or heating working mode of the internal circulation air conditioner. In any air-conditioned room (that is, the air-conditioning object ) provides heat through the internal circulation air conditioner in the room when heating is required, and provides cooling capacity through the internal circulation air conditioner in any air-conditioning room when cooling is required to meet the air temperature control requirements in the air-conditioning room.
所述冷热源机组在任何热泵空调系统工作模式下均可以向任一新风冷却除湿换热器提供冷量，在需要除湿的工况下实现新风送风湿度的独立调节，满足空调除湿和室内空气湿度的控制要求。The cold and heat source unit can provide cooling capacity to any fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger in any heat pump air conditioning system working mode, and realize independent adjustment of fresh air supply humidity under the working conditions that require dehumidification, satisfying air conditioning dehumidification and indoor Air humidity control requirements.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
一、承袭了发明专利CN103075769B中的以下优点1. Inherited the following advantages of the invention patent CN103075769B
1）将排风与循环水或水溶液直接接触式的填料床热质交换器和有选择性喷雾加湿的非直接接触式新风-循环水或水溶液换热器相结合形成一个冷、热气候条件下均可实现全热能量回收的循环系统。该循环系统可以在供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下同时利用显热传递和间接蒸发冷却原理向新风传递排风的全热冷量，用于实现新风的冷却甚至除湿过程。该循环系统也可以在供热季节回收排风的全热热能用于新风的加热和加湿；1) Combine exhaust air with circulating water or aqueous solution direct contact packed bed heat exchanger and selective spray humidification non-direct contact fresh air-circulating water or aqueous solution heat exchanger to form a cold and hot climate condition A circulatory system that can realize full heat energy recovery. This circulation system can transfer the total heat and cold capacity of the exhaust air to the fresh air by using the principles of sensible heat transfer and indirect evaporative cooling at the same time in the cooling season, transitional season, humid climate, or under the condition of large indoor humidity load, so as to realize the cooling of the fresh air or even Dehumidification process. The circulation system can also recover the full thermal energy of the exhaust air for heating and humidifying the fresh air during the heating season;
2）在干热气候条件下，利用填料床热质交换器和非直接接触式能量回收新风换热器组成的间接蒸发冷却系统可以实现免费供冷的新风空调过程。在干热气候条件下，通过间接蒸发冷却方式可以利用排风的蒸发冷却能力实现新风的降温调节并满足新风空调送风参数的要求，或者仅需少量的能量用于新风的补充除湿。经过间接蒸发冷却后的新风进入空调室内吸收余热余湿，然后又回到新风空调机组的排风系统产生蒸发冷却作用。因此，排风的蒸发冷却能力最初还是来自于或主要来自于新风，也就是来自于或主要来自于室外空气。所以，新风空调机组利用了室外空气的蒸发冷却能力实现了免费供冷的新风空调过程；2) Under dry and hot climate conditions, the indirect evaporative cooling system composed of packed bed heat mass exchanger and non-direct contact energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger can realize the fresh air air conditioning process of free cooling. In hot and dry climates, the indirect evaporative cooling method can use the evaporative cooling capacity of the exhaust air to realize the cooling adjustment of the fresh air and meet the requirements of the air supply parameters of the fresh air air conditioner, or only need a small amount of energy for the supplementary dehumidification of the fresh air. The fresh air after indirect evaporative cooling enters the air-conditioning room to absorb waste heat and humidity, and then returns to the exhaust system of the fresh air air-conditioning unit to produce evaporative cooling. Therefore, the evaporative cooling capacity of the exhaust air initially comes or mainly comes from the fresh air, that is, comes or mainly comes from the outdoor air. Therefore, the fresh air air conditioning unit utilizes the evaporative cooling capacity of the outdoor air to realize the fresh air air conditioning process of free cooling;
3）设置了显热能量回收的新风空调机组可实现两级能量回收，提高新风空调机组能量回收的总效益。在供热季节，两级能量回收使显热和全热能量回收过程分开进行，且每一级能量回收过程中排风和新风经历的过程类型相同，要么全是等湿热交换过程、要么全是有湿交换的全热交换过程，因而排风和新风的热容量总是近似匹配的，从而使每一级的能量回收效率提高，也就使新风空调机组总的能量回收效率提高。在供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，显热能量回收实现了排风预冷和新风再热。排风预冷可以提高全热能量回收循环通过显热传递和间接蒸发冷却原理向新风传递全热冷量并实现对新风的冷却和除湿的效果，减少补充除湿耗能量，可以让更多的冷负荷由能效比更高的内循环空调器承当，这是一种间接的节能方式。在过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，利用显热能量回收实现新风再热还可以减少新风再热所需的额外能耗，实现了双重节能的效果；3) The fresh air air conditioning unit equipped with sensible heat energy recovery can realize two-stage energy recovery and improve the total benefit of energy recovery of the fresh air air conditioning unit. In the heating season, the two-stage energy recovery separates the process of sensible heat and total heat energy recovery, and the process types of exhaust air and fresh air in each stage of energy recovery process are the same, either all are equal heat and humidity exchange processes, or all are There is a full heat exchange process of moisture exchange, so the heat capacity of exhaust air and fresh air is always approximately matched, so that the energy recovery efficiency of each stage is improved, and the total energy recovery efficiency of the fresh air air conditioning unit is also improved. Under the conditions of cooling season, transition season humid climate or large indoor humidity load, sensible heat energy recovery realizes exhaust air precooling and fresh air reheating. Exhaust air pre-cooling can improve the total heat energy recovery cycle. Through the principle of sensible heat transfer and indirect evaporative cooling, the total heat and cold energy can be transferred to the fresh air and achieve the effect of cooling and dehumidifying the fresh air, reducing the energy consumption of supplementary dehumidification and allowing more cooling. The load is borne by an internal circulation air conditioner with a higher energy efficiency ratio, which is an indirect way of saving energy. Under the conditions of humid climate in transitional seasons or large indoor humidity load, using sensible heat energy recovery to achieve fresh air reheating can also reduce the additional energy consumption required for fresh air reheating, achieving double energy-saving effects;
4）在干热气候条件下，设置了显热能量回收的新风空调机组可以通过模式切换，包括新风流程的变换，扩大新风量而仍然保持较高的蒸发冷却效率，从而可以提高新风机组的免费供冷能力并改善室内空气品质；4) Under dry and hot climate conditions, the fresh air air conditioning unit equipped with sensible heat energy recovery can switch modes, including the change of the fresh air process, to expand the fresh air volume and still maintain a high evaporative cooling efficiency, thereby improving the free air of the fresh air unit. cooling capacity and improve indoor air quality;
5）在供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，设置了新风冷却除湿换热器的新风空调机组不仅可以实现新风状态的独立调节，甚至还可以独立地承担整个空调系统的除湿任务,这样不仅可以保持发挥新风空调机组能量回收和免费供冷的优势,甚至还可以让内循环空调器仅承担显热冷负荷,从而使内循环空调器有可能以较高的制冷剂蒸发温度实现供冷的目的，为改善制冷机组的工作状况、提高制冷循环的制冷系数，也就是为提高制冷循环的能效比创造了有利的条件，通过高能效比实现系统节能运行；5) In the humid climate of the cooling season, the transitional season or the condition of large indoor humidity load, the fresh air air conditioning unit equipped with the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can not only realize the independent adjustment of the fresh air state, but also independently undertake the entire air conditioning. The dehumidification task of the system can not only maintain the advantages of energy recovery and free cooling of the fresh air air conditioning unit, but also allow the internal circulation air conditioner to only bear the sensible heat and cold load, so that the internal circulation air conditioner may use a higher cooling capacity. The evaporation temperature of the agent is used to achieve the purpose of cooling, which creates favorable conditions for improving the working conditions of the refrigeration unit and the refrigeration coefficient of the refrigeration cycle, that is, for improving the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration cycle, and realizes energy-saving operation of the system through high energy efficiency ratio;
6）在过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，室内冷负荷较小，设置了显热能量回收和新风补充冷却除湿换热器的新风空调机组不仅可以独立地完成所有的空调制冷和除湿的任务，而且还实现了新风的再热，不需要内循环空调器和附加再热设备的配合也能保证室内较严格的温湿度控制要求，以低能耗空调方式适应了恒温恒湿空调的要求；6) Under the condition of humid climate in transitional season or large indoor humidity load, the indoor cooling load is small, and the fresh air air conditioning unit equipped with sensible heat energy recovery and fresh air supplementary cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can not only complete all air conditioning refrigeration independently and dehumidification tasks, and also realize the reheating of fresh air, without the cooperation of internal circulation air conditioners and additional reheating equipment, it can also ensure strict indoor temperature and humidity control requirements, and adapt to constant temperature and humidity air conditioning with low energy consumption air conditioning requirements;
二、本发明还具备以下独特的优点Two, the present invention also possesses the following unique advantages
1）实现了可实现能量回收与免费供冷新风空调机组与传统热泵式空调系统的有机结合，既满足了各种气候条件下恒温恒湿空气调节过程的功能需求，又简化了系统设计、节省初投资，还可降低系统运行能耗。本发明可利用一台冷热源机组同时保证所述一组新风空调机组的冷量供应需求和一组内循环空调器的冷热量供应需求，制冷制热可以由一个制冷剂循环同时实现，既可保证任一所述新风空调机组内节能高效的新风状态独立调节过程和任一内循环空调器所需具备的室内空气温度调节能力，满足空调室内严格的空气温湿度控制要求，又简化了整个系统的设计，可大幅降低系统初投资成本，同时还可降低整个热泵循环的运行能耗，这是因为简化系统设计的同时也就减少了制冷剂和室外冷却介质等的流动阻力损失、机械部件的摩擦损失、传热过程的有用能损失等，从而减少了整个空调系统的寄生功耗。在过渡季节，当空调对象同时存在较大的除湿负荷和供热负荷时，制冷制热由同一个制冷剂循环同时实现还可以带来另一个很大的好处是：冷热源机组既可以通过制冷剂循环中的蒸发器实现制冷剂的蒸发制冷，满足新风冷却除湿换热器的供冷需求，实现新风和空调对象的除湿目的，又可回收除湿过程中新风释放的热量，也就是制冷剂吸收的热量，再通过制冷剂循环中的冷凝器实现制冷剂的冷凝制热，满足内循环空调器的供热需求，实现室温调节目的。简单的说就是通过热泵循环回收了空调除湿过程中释放的热量，再通过内循环空调器的供热实现空调过程的再热和供热双重目的，实现了传统空调系统期待而不能实现的节能效果。1) The organic combination of energy recovery and free cooling fresh air air conditioning unit and traditional heat pump air conditioning system is realized, which not only meets the functional requirements of the constant temperature and humidity air conditioning process under various climatic conditions, but also simplifies the system design and saves The initial investment can also reduce the energy consumption of the system operation. The present invention can utilize one cold and heat source unit to simultaneously ensure the cooling capacity supply demand of the group of fresh air air conditioning units and the cooling and heat supply demand of a group of internal circulation air conditioners, and cooling and heating can be realized simultaneously by a refrigerant cycle. It can not only ensure the energy-saving and efficient independent adjustment process of the fresh air state in any of the fresh air air-conditioning units and the indoor air temperature adjustment capability required by any internal circulation air conditioner, meet the strict air temperature and humidity control requirements in the air-conditioning room, but also simplify The design of the entire system can greatly reduce the initial investment cost of the system, and at the same time reduce the operating energy consumption of the entire heat pump cycle, because the simplified system design also reduces the flow resistance loss of refrigerant and outdoor cooling medium, mechanical The friction loss of components, the useful energy loss in the heat transfer process, etc., thereby reducing the parasitic power consumption of the entire air conditioning system. In the transitional season, when the air-conditioning object has a large dehumidification load and heating load at the same time, cooling and heating can be realized by the same refrigerant cycle at the same time, which can bring another great benefit: the cold and heat source units can pass through The evaporator in the refrigerant cycle realizes the evaporative cooling of the refrigerant, meets the cooling demand of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger, realizes the dehumidification purpose of the fresh air and air conditioning objects, and can recover the heat released by the fresh air during the dehumidification process, that is, the refrigerant The absorbed heat is then condensed and heated by the condenser in the refrigerant cycle to meet the heating demand of the internal circulation air conditioner and achieve the purpose of room temperature adjustment. To put it simply, the heat released during the dehumidification process of the air conditioner is recovered through the heat pump cycle, and then the heat supply of the internal circulation air conditioner is used to achieve the dual purposes of reheating and heating during the air conditioning process, and the energy saving effect that the traditional air conditioning system expects but cannot be achieved is achieved. .
2）在利用能量回收和免费供冷以及新风湿度和内循环空气温度独立调节的基础上实现了系统的多联式设计方案，可利用各新风空调机组和内循环空调器同时负荷系数小于1的特点进一步减小冷热源机组的设计容量，减少系统的初投资。2) Based on the utilization of energy recovery and free cooling, as well as the independent adjustment of fresh air humidity and internal circulation air temperature, the multi-connection design scheme of the system is realized, and the simultaneous load factor of each fresh air air conditioning unit and internal circulation air conditioner is less than 1. Features Further reduce the design capacity of cold and heat source units and reduce the initial investment of the system.
3）与所述复合式空调机组结合，两级压缩有助于实现优质能量的梯级转换和利用，从而有利于提高系统的有用能利用率。这是因为两级压缩可以在满足室内空气温度调节要求的前提下提高内循环空调器所属制冷剂管内制冷剂的蒸发温度，同时又可以保持较低的新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管内的制冷剂蒸发温度，以满足新风除湿和室内空气湿度调节的要求，科学合理的利用了新风和内循环空气的独立调节设计方案，实现了科学合理的室内空气温湿度独立调节过程，提高了系统的平均制冷系数。因此，这种能量的梯级利用最终也将体现在降低系统总的运行能耗和运行成本上。3) Combined with the composite air conditioner unit, the two-stage compression helps to realize the cascade conversion and utilization of high-quality energy, thereby helping to improve the useful energy utilization rate of the system. This is because the two-stage compression can increase the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe of the internal circulation air conditioner under the premise of meeting the indoor air temperature adjustment requirements, and at the same time keep the fresh air cooling temperature in the refrigerant pipe of the dehumidification heat exchanger relatively low. Refrigerant evaporation temperature, to meet the requirements of fresh air dehumidification and indoor air humidity adjustment, scientific and reasonable use of the independent adjustment design scheme of fresh air and internal circulation air, realize the scientific and reasonable independent adjustment process of indoor air temperature and humidity, improve the system efficiency Average refrigeration factor. Therefore, this cascade utilization of energy will eventually also be reflected in reducing the total operating energy consumption and operating costs of the system.
4）所述新风空调机组与传统热泵式空调系统的有机结合使得系统可以采用同一电控单元对系统各组成部分——新风空调机组、内循环空调器和冷热源机组的运行状态进行统一、协调的管理和控制，充分发挥各组成部分的协同工作机制和能力，既能满足严格的室内空气温湿度控制要求，实现良好的通风换气效果，又能优化系统的运行状态，进一步降低系统总的运行能耗和费用。比如，供冷季节，当新风空调机组的除湿负荷加大时，降低制冷剂蒸发温度可提高新风空调机组的除湿能力，但同时新风空调机组的供冷量也增加了。这时，如果室内供冷负荷不变，可通过电控单元的协调控制作用降低内循环空调器的风机转速和内循环空调器的供冷量来实现系统节能运行。按照前面的描述不难发现，影响所述复合式空调机组系统运行状态的操作量是一组参数，比如，压缩机转速、室外换热器风机转速、内循环空调器风机转速、各节流阀开度，等等。再按照控制论的基本思想不难发现，通过控制单元的在线优化分析实现一组操作量值的优化配置可实现系统的节能优化运行。4) The organic combination of the fresh air air conditioner unit and the traditional heat pump air conditioner system enables the system to use the same electronic control unit to unify the operating status of each component of the system—the fresh air air conditioner unit, the internal circulation air conditioner, and the cold and heat source unit. Coordinated management and control, giving full play to the cooperative working mechanism and ability of various components, can not only meet the strict indoor air temperature and humidity control requirements, achieve good ventilation effect, but also optimize the operating status of the system, further reducing the total system cost. operating energy and costs. For example, in the cooling season, when the dehumidification load of the fresh air air conditioning unit increases, reducing the refrigerant evaporation temperature can improve the dehumidification capacity of the fresh air air conditioning unit, but at the same time the cooling capacity of the fresh air air conditioning unit also increases. At this time, if the indoor cooling load remains unchanged, the energy-saving operation of the system can be realized by reducing the fan speed of the internal circulation air conditioner and the cooling capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner through the coordinated control of the electronic control unit. According to the previous description, it is not difficult to find that the operating quantity that affects the operating state of the composite air conditioner unit system is a set of parameters, such as the compressor speed, the fan speed of the outdoor heat exchanger, the fan speed of the internal circulation air conditioner, and each throttle valve. opening, and so on. According to the basic idea of cybernetics, it is not difficult to find that the optimal configuration of a set of operating values through the online optimization analysis of the control unit can realize the energy-saving and optimal operation of the system.
名词解释：Glossary:
1）内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路：制冷剂循环回路中，专为内循环空调器提供冷量或热量的制冷剂蒸发器或冷凝器中的制冷剂管路；也就是说，所述内循环空调器中的换热器可以本身就是一个制冷剂蒸发器或冷凝器，制冷剂在其中蒸发时制取的冷量或冷凝时制取的热量通过所述换热器内的热交换作用直接传递给所述内循环空调器中的空气。所述内循环空调器中的换热器也可以是与任何中间传热介质，如冷媒水、导热油等进行热交换的换热器。这种情况下，为所述内循环空调器服务的制冷剂蒸发器或冷凝器中制取的冷量或热量首先经过热交换传递给流经此处的中间传热介质，中间传热介质再通过循环流动进入所述内循环空调器。在所述内循环空调器中，中间传热介质与内循环空气进行热交换，将其携带的冷量或热量传递至所述内循环空调器内的空气。两种情况下，所述制冷剂蒸发器或冷凝器内的制冷剂管路均称为内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路。1) The refrigerant pipeline of the internal circulation air conditioner: in the refrigerant circulation circuit, the refrigerant pipeline in the refrigerant evaporator or condenser that provides cooling or heat for the internal circulation air conditioner; that is to say, the The heat exchanger in the internal circulation air conditioner can itself be a refrigerant evaporator or condenser, and the cooling capacity produced when the refrigerant evaporates or the heat produced during condensation passes through the heat exchange in the heat exchanger. directly to the air in the recirculating air conditioner. The heat exchanger in the internal circulation air conditioner may also be a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with any intermediate heat transfer medium, such as refrigerant water, heat transfer oil, and the like. In this case, the cold or heat produced in the refrigerant evaporator or condenser serving the internal circulation air conditioner is first transferred to the intermediate heat transfer medium flowing through it through heat exchange, and then the intermediate heat transfer medium It enters the internal circulation air conditioner through circulating flow. In the internal circulation air conditioner, the intermediate heat transfer medium exchanges heat with the internal circulation air, and transfers the cold or heat carried by it to the air in the internal circulation air conditioner. In both cases, the refrigerant pipeline in the refrigerant evaporator or condenser is referred to as the refrigerant pipeline belonging to the internal circulation air conditioner.
2）新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管路：制冷剂循环回路中，专为新风冷却除湿换热器提供冷量的制冷剂蒸发器中的制冷剂管路，其中所属关系的解释与“内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路”中的所属关系的解释类同。2) The refrigerant pipeline to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger belongs: in the refrigerant circulation circuit, the refrigerant pipeline in the refrigerant evaporator that provides cooling capacity for the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger, and the explanation of the relationship is the same as " The explanation of the relationship in "Refrigerant Pipeline of Internal Cycle Air Conditioner" is similar.
3）室外换热器所属制冷剂管路：制冷剂循环回路中，最终通过室外换热器实现吸热和散热的制冷剂蒸发器或冷凝器中的制冷剂管路，其中所属关系的解释与“内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路”中的所属关系的解释类同。3) The refrigerant pipeline to which the outdoor heat exchanger belongs: In the refrigerant circulation circuit, the refrigerant evaporator or refrigerant pipeline in the refrigerant evaporator or condenser that finally realizes heat absorption and heat dissipation through the outdoor heat exchanger, the explanation of the relationship and The explanation of the relationship in "Refrigerant pipelines belonging to internal circulation air conditioners" is similar.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1 为现有新风空调机组的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing fresh air air conditioning unit;
图2 为本发明实施例1的系统整体结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3 为新风空调机组安装结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fresh air air conditioning unit;
图4 为本发明实施例2的制冷剂回路结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the refrigerant circuit in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图5 为本发明实施例3的制冷剂回路结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the refrigerant circuit in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图6 为本发明实施例4的制冷剂回路结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the refrigerant circuit in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
参照图2，本实施例为一单元式空调系统，包括新风空调机组（FAC）、内循环空调器（IAU）a3和冷热源机组，所述新风空调机组包括可利用冷媒对新风进行冷却除湿的新风冷却除湿换热器205，所述冷热源机组包括压缩机a1、三通换向阀Ⅰa2、三通换向阀Ⅱa7、节流阀Ⅰa4、节流阀Ⅱa6、室外换热器（OHU）a5和气液分离器a9以及制冷剂管路，所述节流阀Ⅰa4和节流阀Ⅱa6均为允许制冷剂双向流动的节流阀，所述节流阀Ⅰa4的一端与内循环空调器a3所属制冷剂管路L2的一端相连通，所述节流阀Ⅱa6的一端与室外换热器a5所属制冷剂管路L3的一端相连通，所述节流阀Ⅰa4和节流阀Ⅱa6的另一端通过制冷剂管路L5相互连通，所述内循环空调器a3所属制冷剂管路L2的另一端与所述三通换向阀Ⅰa2的一个端口相连通，所述室外换热器a5所属制冷剂管路L3的另一端与所述三通换向阀Ⅱa7的一个端口相连通，所述三通换向阀Ⅰa2和三通换向阀Ⅱa7的低压出口均通过制冷剂管路L4与压缩机a1的吸气口相连通，所述三通换向阀Ⅰ和三通换向阀Ⅱ的高压入口均通过制冷剂管路L1与压缩机a1的排气口相连通，形成冷暖两用的热泵式空调系统制冷剂循环回路，通过所述三通换向阀Ⅰa2阀位的切换可选择压缩机a1的吸气口或排气口与内循环空调器a3所属制冷剂管路相连通，实现内循环空调器a3制冷或供热工作模式的任意调节；通过压缩机a1转速的调节、内循环空调器a3或室外换热器a5风机转速的调节以及节流阀Ⅰa4或节流阀Ⅱa6的开度调节可实现内循环空调器a3工作状态的调节，也就是内循环空调器a3制冷或供热能力的调节，满足空调对象空气温度调节的需要；此外，所述新风冷却除湿换热器205所属制冷剂管路L6的入口端连接节流阀Ⅲa8，且所述节流阀Ⅲa8的入口端与所述节流阀Ⅰa4和节流阀Ⅱa6相互连通端的连接管路L5相连通，而所述新风冷却除湿换热器205所属制冷剂管路L6的出口端则通过制冷剂管路L4与压缩机a1的吸气口相连通，通过压缩机a1转速或室外换热器a5风机转速的调节以及节流阀Ⅲa8的开度调节可实现新风冷却除湿换热器205除湿能力和新风送风湿度的独立调节，满足空调对象空气湿度调节的需要。Referring to Figure 2, this embodiment is a one-unit air conditioning system, including a fresh air air conditioning unit (FAC), an internal circulation air conditioner (IAU) a3, and a cold and heat source unit. The fresh air air conditioning unit includes a cooling medium that can cool and dehumidify fresh air The fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205, the cold and heat source unit includes compressor a1, three-way reversing valve Ia2, three-way reversing valve IIa7, throttle valve Ia4, throttle valve IIa6, outdoor heat exchanger (OHU ) a5, the gas-liquid separator a9 and the refrigerant pipeline, the throttle valve Ia4 and the throttle valve IIa6 are throttle valves that allow two-way flow of refrigerant, and one end of the throttle valve Ia4 is connected to the internal circulation air conditioner a3 One end of the refrigerant pipeline L2 is connected, one end of the throttle valve IIa6 is connected with one end of the refrigerant pipeline L3 of the outdoor heat exchanger a5, and the other end of the throttle valve Ia4 and the throttle valve IIa6 The other end of the refrigerant pipeline L2 to which the internal circulation air conditioner a3 belongs communicates with a port of the three-way reversing valve Ia2, and the refrigerant to which the outdoor heat exchanger a5 belongs The other end of the pipeline L3 is connected to a port of the three-way reversing valve IIa7, and the low-pressure outlets of the three-way reversing valve Ia2 and the three-way reversing valve IIa7 are both connected to the compressor a1 through the refrigerant pipeline L4 The suction port of the three-way reversing valve I and the three-way reversing valve II are both connected to the exhaust port of the compressor a1 through the refrigerant pipeline L1, forming a dual-purpose heat pump type In the refrigerant circulation circuit of the air-conditioning system, the suction port or exhaust port of the compressor a1 can be selected to be connected with the refrigerant pipeline of the internal circulation air conditioner a3 through the switching of the valve position of the three-way reversing valve Ia2 to realize the internal circulation Arbitrary adjustment of the cooling or heating working mode of the air conditioner a3; through the adjustment of the speed of the compressor a1, the adjustment of the fan speed of the internal circulation air conditioner a3 or the outdoor heat exchanger a5, and the adjustment of the opening of the throttle valve Ia4 or throttle valve IIa6 The adjustment of the working state of the internal circulation air conditioner a3, that is, the adjustment of the cooling or heating capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner a3, can be realized to meet the needs of air temperature adjustment of the air conditioning object; in addition, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 belongs to the refrigerant The inlet end of the pipeline L6 is connected to the throttle valve IIIa8, and the inlet end of the throttle valve IIIa8 is connected to the connecting pipeline L5 at the interconnection end of the throttle valve Ia4 and the throttle valve IIa6, and the fresh air is cooled and dehumidified The outlet end of the refrigerant pipeline L6 to which the heat exchanger 205 belongs is connected to the suction port of the compressor a1 through the refrigerant pipeline L4, through the adjustment of the speed of the compressor a1 or the speed of the fan of the outdoor heat exchanger a5 and the throttle valve The opening adjustment of Ⅲa8 can realize the independent adjustment of the dehumidification capacity of the fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger 205 and the humidity of the fresh air supply, meeting the needs of the air humidity adjustment of the air-conditioning object.
所述新风空调机组(FAC)为可实现能量回收与免费供冷的新风空调机组，包括新风系统和排风系统，所述新风系统包括外壳Ⅰ200、风扇Ⅰ203、第一能量回收新风换热器204、新风冷却除湿换热器205、第二能量回收新风换热器213、新风系统水池206，所述外壳Ⅰ200的下端与新风系统水池206相连，所述新风系统水池206上设有补水阀207，所述风扇Ⅰ203、第一能量回收新风换热器204、新风冷却除湿换热器205沿新风流动路线安装于外壳Ⅰ200内，所述外壳Ⅰ200上设有新风入口201和新风送风口，所述新风送风口为两个，即第一新风送风口214、第二新风送风口212，所述外壳Ⅰ200内设有新风系统内部旁通风道216、新风系统内部旁通风阀215、新风系统内部连接风道211，所述新风系统内部连接风道211的入口与所述新风冷却除湿换热器205的出口端直接连通，所述新风系统内部连接风道211的出口与第二新风送风口212以及第二能量回收新风换热器213的一端直接连通，所述新风系统内部旁通风道216的入口位于风扇Ⅰ203和第一能量回收新风换热器204之间的连接风道上，所述新风系统内部旁通风道216的出口与第一新风送风口214以及第二能量回收新风换热器213的另一端直接连通，所述排风系统包括外壳Ⅱ100、风扇Ⅱ109、液体分布器108、填料床热质交换器107、排风系统水池105和表面式换热器102，所述表面式换热器102位于填料床热质交换器107之前，与填料床热质交换器107之间设有排风系统内部风道103，所述外壳Ⅱ100上设有排风入口101和排风出口112，所述外壳Ⅱ100的下端与排风系统水池105相连，所述填料床热质交换器107安装在外壳Ⅱ100内，并位于液体分布器108的下方，所述排风系统水池105上设有排水阀104；所述新风系统和排风系统之间设有循环泵Ⅰ31，所述循环泵Ⅰ31的进口通过水或水溶液管路与排风系统水池105相连，所述循环泵Ⅰ31的出口通过水或水溶液管路与第一能量回收新风换热器204的水或水溶液管路进口相连，所述第一能量回收新风换热器204的水或水溶液管路出口通过管路与液体分布器108的水或水溶液管路进口相连，构成用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统；所述新风系统与排风系统之间还设有循环泵Ⅱ41，所述循环泵Ⅱ41、表面式换热器102、第二能量回收新风换热器213通过水或水溶液管路相连构成用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统；所述新风系统内设有用于新风加湿的水或水溶液喷雾系统。The fresh air air conditioning unit (FAC) is a fresh air air conditioning unit that can realize energy recovery and free cooling, including a fresh air system and an exhaust system. The fresh air system includes a casing I200, a fan I203, and a first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 , a fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205, a second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213, and a fresh air system pool 206, the lower end of the housing I 200 is connected to the fresh air system pool 206, and the fresh air system pool 206 is provided with a replenishment valve 207, The fan I203, the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, and the fresh air cooling and dehumidifying heat exchanger 205 are installed in the housing I200 along the fresh air flow route. The housing I200 is provided with a fresh air inlet 201 and a fresh air supply port. The fresh air There are two air supply ports, namely the first fresh air supply port 214 and the second fresh air supply port 212. The shell I 200 is provided with a fresh air system internal bypass air duct 216, a fresh air system internal bypass air valve 215, and a fresh air system internal connecting air duct. 211, the inlet of the connecting air duct 211 inside the fresh air system is directly connected with the outlet end of the fresh air cooling and dehumidifying heat exchanger 205, and the outlet of the connecting air duct 211 inside the fresh air system is connected to the second fresh air supply port 212 and the second One end of the energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 is directly connected, the entrance of the bypass air channel 216 inside the fresh air system is located on the connecting air channel between the fan I 203 and the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, and the internal bypass air of the fresh air system The outlet of the channel 216 is directly connected with the other end of the first fresh air supply port 214 and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213. The exhaust system includes a shell II 100, a fan II 109, a liquid distributor 108, and a packed bed heat and mass exchanger. 107. The pool 105 of the exhaust system and the surface heat exchanger 102, the surface heat exchanger 102 is located before the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107, and the internal air of the exhaust system is arranged between the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107. Road 103, the shell II 100 is provided with an exhaust inlet 101 and an exhaust outlet 112, the lower end of the shell II 100 is connected to the pool 105 of the exhaust system, the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107 is installed in the shell II 100, and Located below the liquid distributor 108, the exhaust system pool 105 is provided with a drain valve 104; a circulation pump I31 is provided between the fresh air system and the exhaust system, and the inlet of the circulation pump I31 passes through a water or aqueous solution pipe The outlet of the circulating pump I31 is connected to the water or aqueous solution pipeline inlet of the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 through a water or aqueous solution pipeline, and the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchange The outlet of the water or aqueous solution pipeline of the device 204 is connected to the water or aqueous solution pipeline inlet of the liquid distributor 108 through a pipeline to form a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing full thermal energy recovery and free cooling; the fresh air system and There is also a circulation pump II41 between the exhaust systems, the circulation pump II41, the surface heat exchanger 102, and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 are connected The water or aqueous solution pipelines are connected to form a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling; the fresh air system is equipped with a water or aqueous solution spray system for fresh air humidification.
所述新风空调机组内还设有第一跨回路连接管道80、第二跨回路连接管道82和控制阀81，用于控制循环水或水溶液的流程和实现新风空调机组（FAC）的工作模式切换，所述第一跨回路连接管道80的入口端连接在循环泵Ⅰ31的出口管道上，连接点为一分流节点，出口端连接在表面式换热器102的水或水溶液管路入口和第二能量回收新风换热器213之间的水或水溶液循环回路连接管道40上，连接点为另一分流节点，并在该跨回路连接管道80上设有跨回路控制阀81，所述第二跨回路连接管道82的入口端连接在表面式换热器102的水或水溶液管路出口和第二能量回收新风换热器213之间的水或水溶液循环回路连接管道40上，连接点为一汇流节点，出口端连接在液体分布器108和第一能量回收新风换热器204之间的水或水溶液循环回路连接管道30上，连接点为另一汇流节点。The fresh air air conditioning unit is also provided with a first cross-loop connecting pipe 80, a second cross-loop connecting pipe 82 and a control valve 81, which are used to control the flow of circulating water or aqueous solution and realize the switching of the working mode of the fresh air air conditioning unit (FAC). , the inlet end of the first cross-loop connection pipe 80 is connected to the outlet pipe of the circulating pump I31, the connection point is a split node, and the outlet end is connected to the water or aqueous solution pipeline inlet of the surface heat exchanger 102 and the second The water or aqueous solution circulation circuit between the energy recovery fresh air heat exchangers 213 is connected to the pipeline 40, and the connection point is another split node, and a cross-loop control valve 81 is provided on the cross-loop connection pipeline 80, and the second cross-circuit The inlet end of the loop connection pipe 82 is connected to the water or aqueous solution circulation loop connection pipe 40 between the water or aqueous solution pipeline outlet of the surface heat exchanger 102 and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213, and the connection point is a confluence Node, the outlet end is connected to the water or aqueous solution circulation circuit connection pipe 30 between the liquid distributor 108 and the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, and the connection point is another confluence node.
所述用于新风加湿的水或水溶液喷雾系统包括喷雾器202、三通阀Ⅲ51、输送泵52、蓄压缓冲罐53，所述三通阀Ⅲ的第一进口通过水或水溶液管路与排风系统水池105相连，所述三通阀Ⅲ的第二进口通过水或水溶液管路与新风系统水池206相连，所述三通阀Ⅲ的出口通过水或水溶液管路与输送泵52的进口相连，所述输送泵52的出口通过水或水溶液管路与喷雾器202相连，所述蓄压缓冲罐53安装于输送泵52与喷雾器202相连的管路50上。当然，若喷雾器使用超声波或其它形式的喷雾器，则喷雾系统中可以不设蓄压缓冲罐。此外，该喷雾系统也可通过连接管道直接与外部水源或水溶液供应源相连，即直接从机组外部获取喷雾所需的水或水溶液。The water or aqueous solution spray system for fresh air humidification includes a sprayer 202, a three-way valve III 51, a delivery pump 52, and a pressure storage buffer tank 53. The system pool 105 is connected, the second inlet of the three-way valve III is connected to the fresh air system pool 206 through a water or aqueous solution pipeline, and the outlet of the three-way valve III is connected to the inlet of the delivery pump 52 through a water or aqueous solution pipeline. The outlet of the delivery pump 52 is connected to the sprayer 202 through a water or aqueous solution pipeline, and the pressure accumulation buffer tank 53 is installed on the pipeline 50 connecting the delivery pump 52 and the sprayer 202 . Of course, if the nebulizer uses an ultrasonic or other form of nebulizer, the pressure accumulating buffer tank may not be set in the nebulizer system. In addition, the spraying system can also be directly connected to an external water source or aqueous solution supply source through connecting pipes, that is, the water or aqueous solution required for spraying can be obtained directly from the outside of the unit.
所述新风系统和排风系统之间还设有水或水溶液回收管路，所述水或水溶液回收管路包括疏水阀61、回水泵62，所述疏水阀61的入口通过管路与新风系统水池206相连，疏水阀61的出口通过管路与回水泵62的入口相连，回水泵62的出口通过管路60与排风系统水池105相连。当然，所述疏水阀61也可用类似作用的设备代替，如存水湾头等；如果新风系统水池206的液面高于排风系统水池105的液面，回水泵62可以省去。A water or aqueous solution recovery pipeline is also provided between the fresh air system and the exhaust system, and the water or aqueous solution recovery pipeline includes a drain valve 61 and a water return pump 62, and the inlet of the drain valve 61 is connected to the fresh air system through the pipeline. The pool 206 is connected, the outlet of the steam trap 61 is connected with the inlet of the return pump 62 through the pipeline, and the outlet of the return pump 62 is connected with the exhaust system pool 105 through the pipeline 60 . Certainly, described drain valve 61 also can be replaced with the equipment of similar effect, as storage bay head etc.; If the liquid level of fresh air system pond 206 is higher than the liquid level of exhaust system pond 105, backwater pump 62 can save.
所述喷雾器202用于在供热季节或其它季节干燥气候（主要是干热气候）条件下向新风气流中喷入雾化水或水溶液，并尽量实现与新风的均匀混合。雾化水或水溶液自喷雾器202喷出后，随新风依次流过第一能量回收新风换热器204和新风冷却除湿换热器205，然后在重力和惯性力的作用下从气流中分离并汇集到新风系统水池206内。雾化水或水溶液随新风在第一能量回收新风换热器204内流过时将气化而产生加湿，甚至蒸发冷却的效果。The sprayer 202 is used to spray atomized water or aqueous solution into the fresh air flow in the heat supply season or other dry climates (mainly dry and hot climates) in other seasons, and try to achieve uniform mixing with the fresh air. After the atomized water or aqueous solution is sprayed from the sprayer 202, it flows through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 and the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 in sequence with the fresh air, and then is separated and collected from the air flow under the action of gravity and inertial force. In the pool 206 of the fresh air system. The atomized water or aqueous solution will be vaporized when the fresh air flows through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 to produce humidification and even evaporative cooling.
所述第一能量回收新风换热器204为新风与循环水或水溶液之间非直接接触的换热器（该换热器内，循环水或水溶液的流动方向与新风形成逆流，否则，效果较差），用于在循环水或水溶液与新风之间传递冷量或热量，也就是传递循环水或水溶液中回收的能量至新风，实现新风的冷却或加热、除湿或加湿等过程。The first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 is a non-direct contact heat exchanger between fresh air and circulating water or aqueous solution (in this heat exchanger, the flow direction of circulating water or aqueous solution is countercurrent to the fresh air, otherwise, the effect will be relatively low. Poor), used to transfer cooling or heat between circulating water or aqueous solution and fresh air, that is, transfer the energy recovered in circulating water or aqueous solution to fresh air, and realize cooling or heating, dehumidification or humidification of fresh air.
所述新风冷却除湿换热器205是通过制冷剂管路与热泵直接相连的制冷剂蒸发器，当然，也可以设计成通过中间传热介质(如冷媒水)与热泵间接相连的换热器，用来为新风补充冷却除湿提供所需的能量（如冷量）。The fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 is a refrigerant evaporator directly connected to the heat pump through a refrigerant pipeline, of course, it can also be designed as a heat exchanger indirectly connected to the heat pump through an intermediate heat transfer medium (such as refrigerant water). It is used to provide the required energy (such as cooling capacity) for fresh air supplementary cooling and dehumidification.
所述新风系统水池206可为简单的接水盘，用于承接在新风系统内产生的冷凝水或未蒸发而沉降的喷雾水或水溶液。The fresh air system pool 206 can be a simple water receiving tray for receiving condensed water generated in the fresh air system or sprayed water or aqueous solution that has not evaporated and settled.
所述第二能量回收新风换热器213为空气与循环水或水溶液之间非直接接触的换热器，用于在循环水或水溶液与新风之间传递热量或冷量，也就是传递循环水或水溶液中回收的能量至新风，实现新风的再加热或冷却过程，也可以同时回收新风再热过程释放的冷量至循环水或水溶液。第二能量回收新风换热器213内的循环水或水溶液的流动方向应尽量与新风形成逆流。The second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 is a heat exchanger with indirect contact between air and circulating water or aqueous solution, and is used to transfer heat or cold between circulating water or aqueous solution and fresh air, that is, to transfer circulating water Or the energy recovered in the aqueous solution to the fresh air to realize the reheating or cooling process of the fresh air, and the cold energy released during the reheating process of the fresh air can also be recovered to the circulating water or aqueous solution at the same time. The flow direction of the circulating water or aqueous solution in the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 should be countercurrent to the fresh air as much as possible.
所述排风扇Ⅱ109设置在排风出口112处，当然，也可以设置在其他位置，或者排风系统本身也可以不包括排风扇Ⅱ109，而由外部风扇驱动，只要能保证排风从排风口吸入之后流过填料床热质交换器107并最后经排风出口112排出排风系统外即可。The exhaust fan II 109 is arranged at the exhaust outlet 112, of course, it can also be arranged at other positions, or the exhaust system itself does not include the exhaust fan II 109, but is driven by an external fan, as long as the exhaust air is sucked in from the exhaust outlet. It only needs to flow through the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107 and finally be discharged out of the exhaust system through the exhaust outlet 112 .
所述液体分布器108用于向填料床热质交换器107淋洒循环水或水溶液，并尽量实现均匀的分布。The liquid distributor 108 is used to spray circulating water or aqueous solution to the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107, and try to achieve uniform distribution.
所述填料床热质交换器107为空气与循环水或水溶液直接接触的热质交换器，通过其中的热质交换回收排风中的全热能量至循环水或水溶液，实现循环水或水溶液的加热或冷却。通过填料床热质交换器107中的热质交换也可以回收排风中的水蒸汽冷凝时产生的冷凝水，减少补水资源的消耗。而且，该热质交换器内，循环水或水溶液的流动方向应尽量与排风形成逆流。The packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107 is a heat-mass exchanger in which air is in direct contact with circulating water or an aqueous solution, through which heat and mass exchange is used to recover the total thermal energy in the exhaust air to circulating water or aqueous solution, thereby realizing the recovery of circulating water or aqueous solution. Heating or cooling. The heat and mass exchange in the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107 can also recover the condensed water generated when the water vapor in the exhaust air is condensed, reducing the consumption of supplementary water resources. Moreover, in the heat-mass exchanger, the flow direction of the circulating water or aqueous solution should be countercurrent to the exhaust air as much as possible.
所述排风系统水池105可为简单的接水盘，用于承接从填料床热质交换器107流出的循环水或水溶液。The exhaust system water tank 105 can be a simple water receiving pan for receiving circulating water or aqueous solution flowing out from the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107 .
所述表面式换热器102为空气与循环水或水溶液之间非直接接触的换热器，主要用于在排风进入填料床热质交换器之前实现排风与循环水或水溶液之间的显热能量传递，通过显热能量传递实现循环水或水溶液的加热和排风的预冷，有利于提高填料床热质交换器内的全热回收效率或蒸发冷却效果，也可回收排风中的显热热能。表面式换热器102内的循环水或水溶液的流动方向应尽量与排风形成逆流。The surface heat exchanger 102 is a non-direct contact heat exchanger between air and circulating water or aqueous solution, and is mainly used to realize the exchange between exhaust air and circulating water or aqueous solution before the exhaust air enters the packed bed heat and mass exchanger. Sensible heat energy transfer, the heating of circulating water or aqueous solution and the precooling of exhaust air are realized through sensible heat energy transfer, which is conducive to improving the total heat recovery efficiency or evaporative cooling effect in the packed bed heat mass exchanger, and can also be recycled in the exhaust air sensible heat energy. The flow direction of the circulating water or aqueous solution in the surface heat exchanger 102 should be countercurrent to the exhaust air as much as possible.
所述用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统回路中，水或水溶液从排风系统水池105吸入连接管道后，在循环泵Ⅰ31的驱动下，依次流过第一能量回收新风换热器204、液体分布器108以及填料床热质交换器107，直至流回排风系统水池105而形成一个完整的全热能量回收或免费供冷循环。该循环的目的在于从排风中回收全热能量，用于新风的冷却或加热、除湿或加湿处理过程。In the loop of the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing total thermal energy recovery and free cooling, after the water or aqueous solution is sucked into the connecting pipe from the pool 105 of the exhaust system, driven by the circulation pump I31, it flows sequentially through the first energy The fresh air heat exchanger 204, the liquid distributor 108 and the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107 are recycled until they flow back to the pool 105 of the exhaust system to form a complete total heat energy recovery or free cooling cycle. The purpose of this cycle is to recover the full thermal energy from the exhaust air for the cooling or heating, dehumidification or humidification process of the fresh air.
所述用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统回路中，水或水溶液在循环泵Ⅱ41的驱动下，在表面式换热器102与第二能量回收新风换热器213之间循环流动，充当排风和新风之间显热传递的媒介，实现排风的显热能量回收和预冷以及新风的再热。In the loop of the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling, the water or aqueous solution is driven by the circulation pump II41, and passes through the surface heat exchanger 102 and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 It acts as a medium for sensible heat transfer between exhaust air and fresh air, and realizes sensible heat energy recovery and precooling of exhaust air and reheating of fresh air.
参照图3，现场应用时，所述新风机组可以安装于室内，所述新风机组排风口112可以通过排风管连接至室外下风侧排风口，所述新风机组新风入口201可以通过新风管F1连接至外墙W上的室外新风口F2，所述新风管F1上还可以设置带有控制阀的回风口210。Referring to Fig. 3 , during on-site application, the fresh air unit can be installed indoors, the air outlet 112 of the fresh air unit can be connected to the outdoor downwind side air outlet through an exhaust pipe, and the fresh air inlet 201 of the fresh air unit can pass through the fresh air. The pipe F1 is connected to the outdoor fresh air outlet F2 on the outer wall W, and the fresh air pipe F1 may also be provided with a return air outlet 210 with a control valve.
本实施例的工作原理及特征如下。The working principle and features of this embodiment are as follows.
供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，新风和排风的控制方式及流通路线如下。排风系统中，在风扇Ⅱ109的驱动下，室内空气（RA）先经排风入口101吸入，然后依次流过表面式换热器102、排风系统内部风道103、填料床热质交换器107直至经过排风出口112作为排风系统排风（EA）排出。新风系统中，新风系统内部旁通风阀215和第二新风送风口阀212关闭，第一新风送风口阀214开启，在风扇Ⅰ203的驱动下，新风（FA）先经新风入口201吸入，然后依次流过喷雾器202、第一能量回收新风换热器204、新风冷却除湿换热器205、新风系统内部连接风道211、第二能量回收新风换热器213直至经过第一新风送风口214作为空调送风（SA）送出。Under the condition of humid climate in cooling season, transitional season or large indoor humidity load, the control method and circulation route of fresh air and exhaust air are as follows. In the exhaust system, driven by the fan II 109, the indoor air (RA) is sucked in through the exhaust inlet 101 first, and then flows through the surface heat exchanger 102, the internal air duct 103 of the exhaust system, and the packed bed heat and mass exchanger. 107 until passing through the exhaust outlet 112 as the exhaust air (EA) of the exhaust system. In the fresh air system, the bypass ventilation valve 215 and the second fresh air supply valve 212 inside the fresh air system are closed, and the first fresh air supply valve 214 is opened. Driven by the fan I 203, the fresh air (FA) is sucked through the fresh air inlet 201 first, and then sequentially Flow through the sprayer 202, the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205, the internal connection air duct 211 of the fresh air system, the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 until passing through the first fresh air supply port 214 as an air conditioner Supply air (SA) is sent out.
供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，用于实现能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统的工作原理及特征如下。水或水溶液循环系统模式切换控制阀81关闭，用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统实质上是实现全热能量回收的水或水溶液循环系统。在填料床热质交换器107内，不仅因为排风温度低使得循环水或水溶液向排风传递显热而得到冷却，也因为排风湿度低而使循环水或水溶液被蒸发冷却，后者实质上就是潜热传递。所以，在填料床热质交换器107内实现了从排风向循环水或水溶液传递全热冷却能力的过程，也就是排风全热冷量的回收。得到全热冷量回收的循环水或水溶液将在循环泵Ⅰ31的输送作用下流向第一能量回收新风换热器204，在该换热器内通过热交换实现对新风的冷却甚至除湿过程，从而最终将从排风中回收的全热冷量转移给新风，也就是实现了从排风到新风的全热冷量回收传递过程。水或水溶液是循环流动的，所以这种全热冷量回收过程是连续不断地进行的。而用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统主要是实现显热能量回收的水或水溶液循环系统。显热能量回收循环系统中，在循环泵Ⅱ41的驱动下，水或水溶液将在第二能量回收新风换热器213和表面式换热器102之间循环流动，实现连续的显热能量回收过程。显热能量回收循环中，主要是显热热能首先经表面式换热器102由排风传递给循环中的水或水溶液，再经第二能量回收新风换热器213由循环中的水或水溶液传递给新风。因此，排风得到预冷，新风得到再热。由于排风在进入填料床热质交换器107之前被预冷，使得排风可以在填料床热质交换器107中产生更好的蒸发冷却效果，使从填料床热质交换器107流出的循环水或水溶液温度更低。用于实现全热能量回收的水或水溶液循环系统中，水或水溶液总是在填料床热质交换器107和第一能量回收新风换热器204之间循环流动。因此，较低的填料床热质交换器107出口水或水溶液温度也意味着第一能量回收新风换热器204内循环水或水溶液的进口温度更低，从而使新风获得更好的冷却和除湿效果，有利于降低新风冷却除湿换热器205的除湿负荷及其相关联的热泵冷负荷。这样的调节过程还可以产生另外两种可能的收益：一种是在室内冷负荷较大的情况，新风空调机组承当所有的湿负荷，让更多的冷负荷由不需要承担除湿任务因而能效比更高的内循环空调器承当，这是一种间接的节能方式；另一种是过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，室内冷负荷小，由新风空调机组承当所有的冷湿负荷即可以满足空调要求，则通过显热能量回收使新风获得再热还可以节约新风再热所需的能耗。The working principle and characteristics of the water or aqueous solution circulation system used to realize energy recovery and free cooling under humid climates in cooling seasons, transitional seasons or indoor humidity loads are as follows. The water or aqueous solution circulation system mode switching control valve 81 is closed, and the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing total heat energy recovery and free cooling is essentially a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing total heat energy recovery. In the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107, not only the circulating water or aqueous solution is cooled by transferring sensible heat to the exhaust air due to the low exhaust air temperature, but also the circulating water or aqueous solution is evaporatively cooled because of the low exhaust air humidity. The above is latent heat transfer. Therefore, in the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107, the process of transferring the total heat and cooling capacity from the exhaust air to the circulating water or aqueous solution is realized, that is, the recovery of the total heat and cooling capacity of the exhaust air. The circulating water or aqueous solution that has recovered all the heat and cooling capacity will flow to the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 under the delivery action of the circulating pump I31, and the cooling and even dehumidification of the fresh air will be realized through heat exchange in the heat exchanger, thereby Finally, the total heat and cold energy recovered from the exhaust air is transferred to the fresh air, that is, the process of recovering and transferring the total heat and cold energy from the exhaust air to the fresh air is realized. The water or aqueous solution is circulating, so this whole heat and cold recovery process is carried out continuously. The water or aqueous solution circulation system used to realize sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling is mainly a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing sensible heat energy recovery. In the sensible heat energy recovery circulation system, driven by the circulation pump II41, the water or aqueous solution will circulate between the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 and the surface heat exchanger 102 to realize continuous sensible heat energy recovery process . In the sensible heat energy recovery cycle, the sensible heat energy is first transferred from the exhaust air to the water or aqueous solution in the cycle through the surface heat exchanger 102, and then transferred to the water or aqueous solution in the cycle through the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213. Pass it on to the new wind. Therefore, the exhaust air is precooled and the fresh air is reheated. Since the exhaust air is precooled before entering the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107, the exhaust air can produce a better evaporative cooling effect in the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107, so that the circulation flowing out of the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107 Water or aqueous solutions are cooler. In the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing total thermal energy recovery, water or aqueous solution always circulates between the packed bed heat mass exchanger 107 and the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 . Therefore, the lower temperature of the water or aqueous solution at the outlet of the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107 also means that the inlet temperature of the circulating water or aqueous solution in the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 is lower, so that the fresh air can be better cooled and dehumidified As a result, it is beneficial to reduce the dehumidification load of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 and the associated cooling load of the heat pump. Such an adjustment process can also produce two other possible benefits: one is that in the case of a large indoor cooling load, the fresh air air conditioning unit bears all the humidity load, so that more cooling loads do not need to undertake the dehumidification task, so the energy efficiency ratio The higher internal circulation air conditioner bears, which is an indirect energy-saving method; the other is that under the condition of humid climate in transitional seasons or large indoor humidity load, the indoor cooling load is small, and the fresh air air conditioning unit bears all the cooling and humidity. The load can meet the air-conditioning requirements, and the reheating of fresh air through sensible heat energy recovery can also save the energy required for fresh air reheating.
供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，新风冷却除湿换热器205用来为新风补充冷却除湿提供所需的冷量。新风首先在第一能量回收新风换热器204中依靠能量回收获得冷却和除湿效果。但这时的新风含湿量有可能仍然不够低，还需要进一步除湿才能满足空调送风的要求。因此，新风冷却除湿换热器205是专为新风的补充冷却除湿提供冷量而设计的。设置了新风补充冷却除湿换热器的新风空调机组可以按照整个空调系统的除湿要求独立的执行新风状态、尤其是新风湿度的调节任务，这样不仅可以保持发挥新风空调机组能量回收和免费供冷的优势，又不增加室内空调机组(即内循环空调器)的湿负荷，甚至还可以让室内空调机组仅承担显热冷负荷，从而有可能使室内空调机组以较高的冷媒温度进行供冷，为改善冷热源机组的工作状况和提高冷热源机组的制冷系数创造了有利条件。In cooling seasons, transitional seasons and humid climates or under the condition of large indoor humidity load, the fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger 205 is used to provide the required cooling capacity for fresh air supplementary cooling and dehumidification. The fresh air first obtains cooling and dehumidification effects by energy recovery in the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 . However, the moisture content of the fresh air at this time may still not be low enough, and further dehumidification is required to meet the air conditioning requirements. Therefore, the fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger 205 is specially designed to provide cooling capacity for supplementary cooling and dehumidification of fresh air. The fresh air air conditioning unit equipped with the fresh air supplementary cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can independently perform the adjustment task of the fresh air state, especially the fresh air humidity, according to the dehumidification requirements of the entire air conditioning system, so that it can not only maintain the energy recovery and free cooling of the fresh air air conditioning unit Advantages, without increasing the humidity load of the indoor air conditioner unit (that is, the internal circulation air conditioner), and even allow the indoor air conditioner unit to only bear the sensible heat and cold load, so that it is possible for the indoor air conditioner unit to provide cooling at a higher refrigerant temperature. It creates favorable conditions for improving the working condition of the cold and heat source unit and increasing the refrigeration coefficient of the cold and heat source unit.
供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，补水供给和冷凝水回收过程及特征如下。在填料床热质交换器107内的蒸发冷却过程中，循环水或水溶液中的部分水分被蒸发。另外，为了维持系统内循环水或水溶液水质的稳定，一部分水或水溶液必须排泄掉，排泄量可由排水阀104控制。这样就需要靠补充水来维持新风空调机组内循环水或水溶液的质量平衡。出于此目的，补充水可首先经由补水阀207提供至新风系统水池206，然后在泵或重力的作用下经由水或水溶液回收管路输送至排风系统水池105，从而补充到循环水或水溶液中。与此同时，第一能量回收新风换热器204和新风冷却除湿换热器205表面上产生的冷凝水将首先随流过的气流一起运动，然后从气流中分离出来并汇集到新风系统水池206。这部分水也将通过水或水溶液回收管路输送至排风系统水池105而补充到循环水或水溶液中，实现了冷凝水的回收利用，减少了补水水资源的消耗。Under the conditions of cooling season, transitional season and humid climate or indoor humidity load, the process and characteristics of water supply and condensate recovery are as follows. During the evaporative cooling process in the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107, part of the water in the circulating water or aqueous solution is evaporated. In addition, in order to maintain the stability of the circulating water or aqueous solution in the system, a part of the water or aqueous solution must be drained, and the draining amount can be controlled by the drain valve 104 . In this way, it is necessary to rely on supplementary water to maintain the mass balance of circulating water or aqueous solution in the fresh air air conditioning unit. For this purpose, supplementary water can first be supplied to the fresh air system pool 206 via the water supply valve 207, and then under the action of a pump or gravity, it can be transported to the exhaust system pool 105 through the water or aqueous solution recovery pipeline, thereby supplementing the circulating water or aqueous solution middle. At the same time, the condensed water produced on the surface of the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 and the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 will first move together with the passing airflow, and then be separated from the airflow and collected into the fresh air system pool 206 . This part of water will also be transported to the exhaust system pool 105 through the water or aqueous solution recovery pipeline to supplement the circulating water or aqueous solution, realizing the recycling of condensed water and reducing the consumption of supplementary water resources.
供冷季节，内循环空调器a3工作于制冷模式，内循环空调器的供冷能力以及新风冷却除湿换热器205的除湿能力调节可通过压缩机转速、内循环空调器风机转速和节流阀开度的组合调节措施实现。供冷季节，调节三通换向阀Ⅰa2的阀位使内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路L2与压缩机的吸气管路L4连通，调节三通换向阀Ⅱa7的阀位使室外换热器所属制冷剂管路L3与压缩机的排气管路L1连通，调节节流阀Ⅱa6的开度至全开状态，调节节流阀Ⅰa4的开度满足压缩机吸气过热度的要求，使内循环空调器处于稳定可靠的制冷工作状态。调节压缩机转速可以改变制冷剂的蒸发温度，同时保证所需的内循环空调器供冷能力和新风冷却除湿换热器除湿能力。室内供冷负荷降低时，还可以通过降低内循环空调器风机转速的调节措施实现内循环空调器供冷能力的调节，满足室内空气温度调节的需要。新风除湿负荷降低时，也可以通过减小节流阀Ⅲa8开度的调节措施来实现新风冷却除湿换热器205出口制冷剂蒸汽过热度的调节，也就是实现新风冷却除湿换热器除湿能力的调节，从而满足新风湿度调节的要求。按照优化运行控制理论的基本思想可知，系统运行过程中，还可以通过优化压缩机转速、内循环空调器风机转速和节流阀开度的措施实现系统的节能优化运行。In the cooling season, the internal circulation air conditioner a3 works in cooling mode, the cooling capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner and the dehumidification capacity of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 can be adjusted by the compressor speed, the internal circulation air conditioner fan speed and the throttle valve The combined adjustment measures of the opening degree are realized. In the cooling season, adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve Ia2 to connect the refrigerant pipeline L2 of the internal circulation air conditioner with the suction pipeline L4 of the compressor, and adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve IIa7 to make the outdoor heat exchange The refrigerant pipeline L3 belonging to the compressor is connected with the exhaust pipeline L1 of the compressor, adjust the opening of the throttle valve IIa6 to the fully open state, and adjust the opening of the throttle valve Ia4 to meet the requirements of the suction superheat of the compressor, so that The internal circulation air conditioner is in a stable and reliable refrigeration working state. Adjusting the speed of the compressor can change the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, while ensuring the required cooling capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner and the dehumidification capacity of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger. When the indoor cooling load decreases, the cooling capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner can also be adjusted by reducing the fan speed of the internal circulation air conditioner to meet the needs of indoor air temperature regulation. When the fresh air dehumidification load decreases, the adjustment of the degree of superheat of the refrigerant steam at the outlet of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 can also be realized by reducing the opening degree of the throttle valve Ⅲa8, that is, the dehumidification capacity of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can be realized. Adjustment, so as to meet the requirements of fresh air humidity regulation. According to the basic idea of optimal operation control theory, during the operation of the system, the energy-saving and optimal operation of the system can also be realized by optimizing the compressor speed, the internal circulation air conditioner fan speed and the opening of the throttle valve.
过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，内循环空调器a3可能工作于制冷模式，也可能工作于供热模式，内循环空调器的供冷或供热能力以及新风冷却除湿换热器205的除湿能力调节亦可通过压缩机转速、内循环空调器风机转速和节流阀开度的组合调节措施实现，必要时还可调节室外换热器的工作模式和风机转速。过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大的条件下，如果室内仍然存在供冷负荷，则冷热源机组的工作模式和调节措施与供冷季节相同。如果室内需要供热，比如室外气温较低的条件下，则调节三通换向阀Ⅰa2的阀位使内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路L2与压缩机的排气管路L1连通，使内循环空调器处于供热工作状态。此时，室外换热器a5的工作模式需要根据制冷剂循环的热平衡需要而定。如果室内供热负荷大，新风冷却除湿换热器的除湿负荷小，室外换热器可能需要工作于制冷剂蒸发器模式，实现从室外环境吸热满足制冷剂循环热平衡需要。反之，如果室内供热负荷小，新风冷却除湿换热器的除湿负荷大，室外换热器可能需要工作于制冷剂冷凝器模式，向室外环境排热满足制冷剂循环热平衡需要。调节三通换向阀Ⅱa7的阀位使室外换热器所属制冷剂管路L3与压缩机的吸气管路L4连通可使室外换热器工作于制冷剂蒸发器模式，调节三通换向阀Ⅱa7的阀位使室外换热器所属制冷剂管路L3与压缩机的排气管路L1连通可使室外换热器工作于制冷剂冷凝器模式。在内循环空调器工作于供热模式时，通过压缩机转速、内循环空调器风机转速、室外换热器工作模式和风机转速、节流阀开度的组合调节措施可同时实现内循环空调器供热能力和新风冷却除湿换热器除湿能力的调节，满足室内空气温湿度调节的需要。按照优化运行控制理论的基本思想可知，优化组合调节参数亦可实现系统的节能优化运行。Under the condition of humid climate in transitional season or large indoor humidity load, the internal circulation air conditioner a3 may work in cooling mode or heating mode, the cooling or heating capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner and fresh air cooling, dehumidification and heat exchange The dehumidification capacity of the device 205 can also be adjusted through the combined adjustment measures of the compressor speed, the fan speed of the internal circulation air conditioner and the opening of the throttle valve. If necessary, the working mode of the outdoor heat exchanger and the fan speed can also be adjusted. Under the condition of humid climate or large indoor humidity load in the transitional season, if there is still a cooling load in the room, the working mode and adjustment measures of the cold and heat source unit are the same as those in the cooling season. If indoor heating is required, such as when the outdoor temperature is low, adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve Ia2 to connect the refrigerant pipeline L2 of the internal circulation air conditioner with the exhaust pipeline L1 of the compressor, so that the internal The circulating air conditioner is in the heating working state. At this time, the working mode of the outdoor heat exchanger a5 needs to be determined according to the heat balance requirement of the refrigerant cycle. If the indoor heating load is large and the dehumidification load of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger is small, the outdoor heat exchanger may need to work in the refrigerant evaporator mode to absorb heat from the outdoor environment to meet the heat balance requirements of the refrigerant cycle. Conversely, if the indoor heating load is small and the dehumidification load of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger is large, the outdoor heat exchanger may need to work in the refrigerant condenser mode to discharge heat to the outdoor environment to meet the heat balance requirements of the refrigerant cycle. Adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve Ⅱa7 to connect the refrigerant pipeline L3 of the outdoor heat exchanger with the suction pipeline L4 of the compressor, so that the outdoor heat exchanger can work in the refrigerant evaporator mode, and adjust the three-way reversing The valve position of the valve IIa7 connects the refrigerant pipeline L3 belonging to the outdoor heat exchanger with the exhaust pipeline L1 of the compressor, so that the outdoor heat exchanger can work in the refrigerant condenser mode. When the internal circulation air conditioner works in the heating mode, the combined adjustment measures of the compressor speed, the fan speed of the internal circulation air conditioner, the working mode of the outdoor heat exchanger, the fan speed, and the opening of the throttle valve can realize the internal circulation air conditioner at the same time. The heat supply capacity and the adjustment of the dehumidification capacity of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger meet the needs of indoor air temperature and humidity adjustment. According to the basic idea of the optimal operation control theory, it can be known that the optimal combined adjustment parameters can also realize the energy-saving optimal operation of the system.
供热季节，新风空调机组内新风和排风的流通路线与供冷季节完全相同，但新风管F1上的回风控制阀210适度开启，以实现新风与部分室内回风的混合，确保经过喷雾器202的混合空气湿球温度足够的高，从而能达到防止喷雾结冰或结晶的效果。当室外空气温度足够高而不会导致喷雾结冰或结晶时，可以关闭新风管F1上的回风控制阀210。对于没有喷雾结冰或结晶危险的地区，完全可以取消新风管F1上的回风控制阀210。In the heating season, the circulation route of fresh air and exhaust air in the fresh air air conditioner unit is exactly the same as that in the cooling season, but the return air control valve 210 on the fresh air pipe F1 is opened moderately to achieve the mixing of fresh air and part of the indoor return air, ensuring that after The wet bulb temperature of the mixed air in the sprayer 202 is high enough to prevent the spray from freezing or crystallizing. When the outdoor air temperature is high enough without causing the spray to freeze or crystallize, the return air control valve 210 on the fresh air pipe F1 can be closed. For areas without spray freezing or crystallization danger, the return air control valve 210 on the fresh air duct F1 can be completely eliminated.
供热季节，用于实现能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统的工作原理及特征如下。水或水溶液循环系统模式切换控制阀81关闭，用于实现全热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统实质上是实现全热能量回收的水或水溶液循环系统。全热能量回收循环中，由于排风的温度和湿度均较高，排风流过填料床热质交换器107时不仅向水或水溶液传递显热热能，也通过水蒸汽凝结向水或水溶液传递潜热热能，即实现了排风向水或水溶液的全热热能传递，也就是排风全热热能的回收。得到全热能回收的循环水或水溶液将在循环泵Ⅰ31的输送作用下流向第一能量回收新风换热器204，在该换热器内通过热交换实现对新风的加热并配合喷雾实现加湿处理过程，从而最终将从排风中回收的全热热能转移给新风，实现了从排风到新风的全热热能回收传递过程。与供冷季节一样，全热能量回收过程也是连续进行的。所谓配合喷雾实现新风加湿是指通过喷雾器202向新风气流中喷入雾化水或水溶液，这些雾化水或水溶液随新风一起流入第一能量回收新风换热器204内被加热，新风中夹带的雾粒蒸发，使新风获得加湿的效果。因此，全热能量回收循环中排风和新风均同时进行热质交换，它们的总流动热容量近似匹配，使全热能量回收循环的能量回收效率获得优化。通过全热能量回收循环，新风有可能被加湿到一个合适的湿度状态，从而可能免去进一步加湿的需要。用于实现显热能量回收与免费供冷的水或水溶液循环系统主要是实现显热能量回收的水或水溶液循环系统。显热能量回收循环系统中，在循环泵Ⅱ41的驱动下，水或水溶液将在第二能量回收新风换热器213和表面式换热器102之间循环流动，实现显热能量回收循环。显热能量回收循环中，主要是显热热能首先经表面式换热器102由排风传递给循环中的水或水溶液，再经第二能量回收新风换热器213由循环水或水溶液传递给新风。因此，排风得到预冷，新风得到再加热。因为显热能量回收循环中排风和新风的质流量近似相等，而且基本都是显热交换，所以他们的流动热容量也就近似匹配，有利于优化显热能量回收的效率。同时，显热能量回收循环中，排风的湿度几乎不变。当室外空气温度较低时，经过显热能量回收后，排风的温度和湿度仍然比室外空气的温度和湿度高，还具有全热能量回收的潜力。因此，排风流入填料床热质交换器107之后还可以与水或水溶液进行全热交换，将剩余的全热能量传递给循环水或水溶液，从而还可实现通过水或水溶液的全热能量回收循环回收排风的全热能量并传递给新风的过程。因为显热能量回收和全热能量回收两个阶段中排风和新风的热容量始终是近似匹配的，优化了整个能量回收过程的效率。In the heating season, the working principle and characteristics of the water or aqueous solution circulation system for energy recovery and free cooling are as follows. The water or aqueous solution circulation system mode switching control valve 81 is closed, and the water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing total heat energy recovery and free cooling is essentially a water or aqueous solution circulation system for realizing total heat energy recovery. In the total heat energy recovery cycle, due to the high temperature and humidity of the exhaust air, when the exhaust air flows through the packed bed heat mass exchanger 107, it not only transfers sensible heat energy to water or aqueous solution, but also transfers latent heat to water or aqueous solution through water vapor condensation. Heat energy, that is, realizes the transfer of total heat energy from the exhaust air to water or aqueous solution, that is, the recovery of the total heat energy of the exhaust air. The circulating water or aqueous solution that has been fully recovered will flow to the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 under the delivery action of the circulating pump I31. In this heat exchanger, the fresh air is heated through heat exchange and the humidification process is realized with spraying. , so that the total thermal energy recovered from the exhaust air is finally transferred to the fresh air, realizing the recovery and transfer process of the total thermal energy from the exhaust air to the fresh air. Like the cooling season, the total heat energy recovery process is also continuous. The so-called humidification of fresh air with spraying refers to spraying atomized water or aqueous solution into the fresh air flow through the sprayer 202. These atomized water or aqueous solutions flow into the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 together with the fresh air to be heated. The mist particles evaporate to make the fresh air humidify. Therefore, in the total thermal energy recovery cycle, both the exhaust air and the fresh air undergo heat and mass exchange at the same time, and their total flow heat capacity is approximately matched, so that the energy recovery efficiency of the total thermal energy recovery cycle is optimized. Through the total thermal energy recovery cycle, the fresh air may be humidified to a suitable humidity state, which may eliminate the need for further humidification. The water or aqueous solution circulation system used to realize sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling is mainly a water or aqueous solution circulation system to realize sensible heat energy recovery. In the sensible heat energy recovery cycle system, driven by the circulation pump II41, water or aqueous solution will circulate between the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 and the surface heat exchanger 102 to realize the sensible heat energy recovery cycle. In the sensible heat energy recovery cycle, the sensible heat energy is first transferred from the exhaust air to the water or aqueous solution in the cycle through the surface heat exchanger 102, and then transferred from the circulating water or aqueous solution to the circulating water or aqueous solution through the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213. fresh air. Thus, the exhaust air is precooled and the fresh air is reheated. Because the mass flow of exhaust air and fresh air in the sensible heat energy recovery cycle is approximately equal, and they are basically sensible heat exchange, so their flow heat capacity is also approximately matched, which is conducive to optimizing the efficiency of sensible heat energy recovery. At the same time, in the sensible heat energy recovery cycle, the humidity of the exhaust air remains almost unchanged. When the outdoor air temperature is low, after sensible heat energy recovery, the temperature and humidity of the exhaust air are still higher than the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air, and it also has the potential of full heat energy recovery. Therefore, after the exhaust air flows into the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107, it can also perform total heat exchange with water or aqueous solution, and transfer the remaining total thermal energy to circulating water or aqueous solution, so that the recovery of total thermal energy through water or aqueous solution can also be realized. The process of recycling the full thermal energy of the exhaust air and transferring it to the fresh air. Because the heat capacities of exhaust air and fresh air are always approximately matched in the two stages of sensible heat energy recovery and total heat energy recovery, the efficiency of the entire energy recovery process is optimized.
供热季节，新风冷却除湿换热器205不需要提供任何加热量或制冷量。In the heating season, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 does not need to provide any heating or cooling capacity.
供热季节，喷雾系统的工作原理及特征如下。首先，待喷入的水或水溶液需从排风系统水池105或新风系统水池206吸入，取决于三通阀Ⅲ51的选通状态。吸入的水或水溶液将经过三通阀Ⅲ51流向喷雾系统输送泵52，然后由喷雾系统输送泵52输送至喷雾器202并喷入新风气流中。In the heating season, the working principle and characteristics of the spray system are as follows. Firstly, the water or aqueous solution to be sprayed needs to be sucked from the pool 105 of the exhaust system or the pool 206 of the fresh air system, depending on the gating state of the three-way valve III51. The inhaled water or aqueous solution will flow to the spray system delivery pump 52 through the three-way valve III51, and then be delivered to the sprayer 202 by the spray system delivery pump 52 and sprayed into the fresh air flow.
供热季节，补水供给和冷凝水回收过程及工作特征描述如下。喷雾水或水溶液可以来自于新风系统水池206，也可来自于排风系统水池105。未蒸发的喷雾水或水溶液最终将从新风气流中分离并落入新风系统水池206，或者进一步经水或水溶液回收管路输送至排风系统水池105，从而进入再循环。在第一能量回收新风换热器204中，喷雾水或水溶液将因蒸发而失去部分或全部水分。另外，为了维持系统内循环水或水溶液水质的稳定，一部分水或水溶液将通过排水阀104排掉。这样就需要靠补充水来维持新风空调机组内循环水或水溶液的质量平衡。出于此目的，补充水可经补水阀207提供至新风系统水池206，或者进一步经水或水溶液回收管路输送至排风系统水池105，从而补充到系统循环水或水溶液中。在填料床热质交换器107内的热质交换过程中，排风中的部分水蒸气将凝结并溶入到循环水或水溶液中。在洁净的室内空气条件下，这部分凝结水也可能随循环水或水溶液进入喷雾循环，以补偿喷雾蒸发过程消耗的水分，这也是凝结水的回收利用。供热季节工况下也不排除表面式换热器102内也会有冷凝水的产生。如果表面式的排风换热器102内有冷凝水，则直接汇集到排风系统水池而获得回收利用。During the heating season, the process and working characteristics of make-up water supply and condensate recovery are described as follows. The spray water or aqueous solution can come from the pool 206 of the fresh air system, or from the pool 105 of the exhaust system. The non-evaporated spray water or aqueous solution will eventually be separated from the fresh air flow and fall into the fresh air system pool 206, or be further transported to the exhaust system pool 105 through the water or aqueous solution recovery pipeline, thereby entering recirculation. In the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, the spray water or aqueous solution will lose part or all of its moisture due to evaporation. In addition, in order to maintain the stability of the circulating water or aqueous solution in the system, a part of the water or aqueous solution will be drained through the drain valve 104 . In this way, it is necessary to rely on supplementary water to maintain the mass balance of circulating water or aqueous solution in the fresh air air conditioning unit. For this purpose, the supplementary water can be supplied to the fresh air system pool 206 through the water supply valve 207, or further transported to the exhaust system pool 105 through the water or aqueous solution recovery pipeline, so as to supplement the system circulating water or aqueous solution. During the heat and mass exchange process in the packed bed heat and mass exchanger 107, part of the water vapor in the exhaust air will condense and dissolve into the circulating water or aqueous solution. Under clean indoor air conditions, this part of condensed water may also enter the spray cycle with circulating water or aqueous solution to compensate for the water consumed in the spray evaporation process, which is also the recycling of condensed water. It is not ruled out that condensed water will also be generated in the surface heat exchanger 102 under the working conditions of the heating season. If there is condensed water in the surface-type exhaust air heat exchanger 102, it will be collected directly into the exhaust system pool for recycling.
供热季节，新风不需要除湿，内循环空调器的工作模式为制热模式，内循环空调器供热能力的调节可通过压缩机转速的调节措施实现。供热季节，调节三通换向阀Ⅰa2的阀位使内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路L2与压缩机的排气管路L1连通，调节三通换向阀Ⅱa7的阀位使室外换热器所属制冷剂管路L3与压缩机的吸气管路L4连通，调节节流阀Ⅰa4的开度至全开状态，调节节流阀Ⅲa8的开度至完全关闭状态，调节节流阀Ⅱa6的开度以满足压缩机吸气过热度的调节要求，使内循环空调器处于稳定可靠的制热工作状态。调节压缩机转速可以改变制冷剂的冷凝温度，从而可以改变内循环空调器的供热能力，满足室内空气温度调节的需要。In the heating season, the fresh air does not need to be dehumidified. The working mode of the internal circulation air conditioner is heating mode. The adjustment of the heating capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner can be realized by adjusting the speed of the compressor. In the heating season, adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve Ia2 to connect the refrigerant pipeline L2 of the internal circulation air conditioner with the exhaust pipeline L1 of the compressor, and adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve IIa7 to make the outdoor heat exchange The refrigerant pipeline L3 belonging to the compressor is connected with the suction pipeline L4 of the compressor. Adjust the opening of the throttle valve Ⅰa4 to the fully open state, adjust the opening of the throttle valve Ⅲa8 to the fully closed state, and adjust the opening of the throttle valve Ⅱa6 The opening degree can meet the adjustment requirements of the suction superheat degree of the compressor, so that the internal circulation air conditioner can be in a stable and reliable heating working state. Adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor can change the condensation temperature of the refrigerant, thereby changing the heat supply capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner to meet the needs of indoor air temperature regulation.
在干热气候条件下，排风的流通路线与供冷季节完全相同，新风的控制方式及流通路线如下。新风系统中，第一新风送风口214的控制阀关闭，新风系统内部旁通风阀215和第二新风送风口212的控制阀开启。在风扇Ⅰ203的驱动下，新风（FA）先经新风入口201吸入，然后流过喷雾器202和风扇Ⅰ203直至新风系统内部分岔口。之后，新风气流将分为两股：一股将依次流过第一能量回收新风换热器204、新风冷却除湿换热器205和新风系统内部连接风道211，另一股将依次流过新风系统内部旁通风道216和第二能量回收新风换热器213。最后，两股气流又重新汇合并流过第二新风送风口212而作为空调送风（SA）送出。Under dry and hot climate conditions, the circulation route of the exhaust air is exactly the same as that in the cooling season, and the control method and circulation route of the fresh air are as follows. In the fresh air system, the control valve of the first fresh air supply port 214 is closed, and the control valves of the bypass ventilation valve 215 inside the fresh air system and the second fresh air supply port 212 are opened. Driven by the fan I 203, the fresh air (FA) is sucked through the fresh air inlet 201 first, and then flows through the sprayer 202 and the fan I 203 to the internal branch of the fresh air system. Afterwards, the fresh air flow will be divided into two streams: one stream will flow through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, the fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger 205 and the fresh air system internal connecting air duct 211, and the other stream will sequentially flow through the fresh air The system internal bypass passage 216 and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 . Finally, the two airflows merge again and flow through the second fresh air supply port 212 to be sent out as air-conditioning supply air (SA).
在干热气候条件下，用于能量回收和免费供冷循环的水或水溶液循环系统工作原理和特征如下。水或水溶液循环系统模式切换控制阀81开启，显热能量回收与免费供冷循环系统循环泵Ⅱ41停止工作，两个水或水溶液循环系统合并为一个循环系统。在全热能量回收与免费供冷循环系统循环泵Ⅰ31的驱动下，排出的循环水或水溶液将分三路并行流过第一能量回收新风换热器204、表面式换热器102和第二能量回收新风换热器213。具体地说就是，从全热能量回收与免费供冷循环系统循环泵Ⅰ31排出的循环水或水溶液将首先分成两股液流：一股将流过第一能量回收新风换热器204，另一股将流过第一跨回路连接管道80。接着，第二股液流将再分成两股支流：一股流过表面式换热器102，另一股将流过第二能量回收新风换热器213。然后，这两股支流在第二条跨回路连接管道82之前汇合并流过该管道。再接下来，从第二跨回路连接管道82流出的混合液体与从第一能量回收新风换热器204流出的液体汇合形成一股液流，最后依次流过液体分布器108、填料床热质交换器107和排风系统水池105直至流回全热能量回收与免费供冷循环系统循环泵Ⅰ31而形成一个完整的免费供冷循环。水或水溶液流过填料床热质交换器107时与排风接触，因蒸发冷却作用而降温。经循环流动，一部分循环水或水溶液流经表面式换热器102时，被冷却了的水或水溶液将反过来冷却流过的排风，使排风进入填料床热质交换器107之前获得预冷，从而可以在填料床热质交换器107内产生更好的蒸发冷却效果，使从填料床排出的水或水溶液的温度更低。也是经循环流动，另一部分低温的循环水或水溶液从填料床排出后流向第一能量回收新风换热器204和第二能量回收新风换热器213，并通过这两个换热器对新风进行冷却，从而产生更好的新风冷却效果。新风冷却除湿换热器205可以提供补充的冷量用以对流过的新风进行补充除湿。如果进入新风空调机组的新风足够的干燥，新风冷却除湿换热器205可以不需要提供任何冷量。被冷却后的新风将通过第二新风送风口212作为空调送风（SA）送出。送风（SA）在吸收室内余热余湿后达到室内空气状态。室内空气又可通过循环回到新风空调机组的排风系统产生蒸发冷却效果。也就是说，排风的蒸发冷却能力最初还是来自于室外空气。因此，这是一个免费供冷的过程。这种工作模式不仅利用了免费供冷，而且因为新风并行流过第一能量回收新风换热器204和第二能量回收新风换热器213，流动阻力低，有利于提高新风量，使得新风空调机组有可能利用有利的气候条件引入超过最小新风量的新风来改善室内空气品质，同时还可能减少整个空调系统的能耗。The working principle and characteristics of water or aqueous solution circulation system for energy recovery and free cooling cycle in hot and dry climate are as follows. The water or aqueous solution circulation system mode switching control valve 81 is opened, the circulation pump II 41 of the sensible heat energy recovery and free cooling circulation system stops working, and the two water or aqueous solution circulation systems are combined into one circulation system. Driven by the circulation pump I31 of the total heat energy recovery and free cooling circulation system, the discharged circulating water or aqueous solution will flow in parallel in three ways through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, the surface heat exchanger 102 and the second Energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 . Specifically, the circulating water or aqueous solution discharged from the circulation pump I31 of the total heat energy recovery and free cooling circulation system will first be divided into two streams: one will flow through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, and the other will flow through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204, and the other The strand will flow through the first cross-circuit connecting conduit 80 . Then, the second stream will be divided into two sub-streams: one stream will flow through the surface heat exchanger 102 , and the other stream will flow through the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 . The two sub-flows then join and flow through the second cross-loop connection pipe 82 before this pipe. Next, the mixed liquid flowing out from the second cross-loop connection pipe 82 merges with the liquid flowing out from the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 to form a liquid flow, and finally flows through the liquid distributor 108, packed bed heat mass The exchanger 107 and the exhaust system pool 105 flow back to the total heat energy recovery and the circulation pump I31 of the free cooling circulation system to form a complete free cooling cycle. When the water or aqueous solution flows through the packed-bed heat-mass exchanger 107, it is in contact with the exhaust air, and the temperature is lowered due to evaporative cooling. After circulating flow, when a part of circulating water or aqueous solution flows through the surface heat exchanger 102, the cooled water or aqueous solution will in turn cool the exhaust air that flows through, so that the exhaust air can obtain a pre-heating condition before entering the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107. cold, so that a better evaporative cooling effect can be produced in the packed bed heat-mass exchanger 107, so that the temperature of the water or aqueous solution discharged from the packed bed is lower. Also through circulating flow, another part of low-temperature circulating water or aqueous solution is discharged from the packed bed and flows to the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213, and the fresh air is discharged through these two heat exchangers. Cooling, resulting in a better fresh air cooling effect. The fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 can provide supplementary cooling capacity for supplementary dehumidification of the fresh air flowing through. If the fresh air entering the fresh air air conditioning unit is dry enough, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 may not need to provide any cooling capacity. The cooled fresh air will be sent out as air-conditioning air (SA) through the second fresh air supply port 212 . The supply air (SA) reaches the state of indoor air after absorbing the residual heat and humidity in the room. The indoor air can be circulated back to the exhaust system of the fresh air air conditioning unit to produce evaporative cooling effect. In other words, the evaporative cooling capacity of the exhaust air is originally from the outside air. Therefore, it is a free cooling process. This working mode not only utilizes free cooling, but also because the fresh air flows through the first energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 204 and the second energy recovery fresh air heat exchanger 213 in parallel, the flow resistance is low, which is conducive to increasing the fresh air volume, making the fresh air air conditioner It is possible for the unit to take advantage of favorable climatic conditions to introduce fresh air exceeding the minimum fresh air volume to improve indoor air quality, while also potentially reducing the energy consumption of the entire air conditioning system.
在干热气候条件下，补水供给过程与供冷季节的相同，而冷凝水或未蒸发的喷雾水或水溶液回收状况如下。如果室外空气足够干燥，也不需要新风冷却除湿换热器205提供冷量实现新风的补充冷却除湿，则没有冷凝水的回收，甚至还需要通过喷雾系统向新风中提供喷雾水或水溶液，以实现新风的加湿。反之，在所有新风换热器内都有可能产生冷凝水。冷凝水或未蒸发的喷雾水或水溶液均可以汇集到新风系统水或水溶液池而获得回收利用，其原理与供冷季节或供热季节相同。In hot and dry climates, the replenishment water supply process is the same as that in the cooling season, while the recovery of condensed water or non-evaporated spray water or aqueous solution is as follows. If the outdoor air is dry enough, and there is no need for fresh air cooling and dehumidification heat exchanger 205 to provide cooling capacity to realize the supplementary cooling and dehumidification of fresh air, then there is no recovery of condensed water, and it is even necessary to provide spray water or aqueous solution to the fresh air through a spray system to achieve Humidification of fresh air. Conversely, there is a possibility of condensation in all fresh air heat exchangers. Condensed water or non-evaporated spray water or aqueous solution can be collected into the fresh air system water or aqueous solution pool for recycling, and the principle is the same as that in the cooling season or heating season.
在干热气候条件下，新风不需要除湿，内循环空调器处于制冷工作模式，满足室内空气温度调节需要。该气候条件下，调节节流阀Ⅲa8的开度至全关闭状态，其它调节阀的调节要求则与制冷季节相同。该气候条件下，调节压缩机转速可以改变制冷剂的蒸发温度，从而可以改变内循环空调器的供冷能力，满足室内空气温度的调节需要。In hot and dry climates, fresh air does not need to be dehumidified, and the internal circulation air conditioner is in cooling mode to meet the needs of indoor air temperature regulation. Under this climatic condition, adjust the opening degree of the throttle valve IIIa8 to the fully closed state, and the adjustment requirements of other regulating valves are the same as those in the cooling season. Under this climatic condition, adjusting the speed of the compressor can change the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, thereby changing the cooling capacity of the internal circulation air conditioner to meet the adjustment needs of the indoor air temperature.
实施例2Example 2
参照图4，本实施例为一多联式空调系统，可适用于多空调对象（即多空调房间）的应用场合，与实施例1的结构区别仅在于：所述内循环空调器a3可以是一组，即为两台以上，如a3_1、a3_2、a3_3，所述新风空调机组（FAC）也可以是一组，即为两台以上。任一所述内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路（如L2_1、L2_2、L2_3）的一端均连接有一个三通换向阀Ⅰ（如a2_1、a2_2、a2_3），任一所述内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路的另一端均连接有一个双向节流阀Ⅰ（如a4_1、a4_2、a4_3），任一所述节流阀Ⅰ的另一端均相互连通并与节流阀Ⅱ的一端连通，任一所述三通换向阀Ⅰ的高压入口均通过制冷剂管路L1与压缩机的排气口连通，任一所述三通换向阀Ⅰ的低压出口均通过制冷剂管路L4与压缩机的吸气口连通，通过三通换向阀Ⅰ的调节可以使任一内循环空调器处于制冷或供热工作模式，满足对应空调房间温度调节的需要。任一所述新风空调机组内的新风冷却除湿换热器（如205_1、205_2、205_3）所属制冷剂管路（如L6_1、L6_2、L6_3）的入口端均连接有一个节流阀Ⅲ（如a8_1、a8_2、a8_3），任一所述节流阀Ⅲ的另一端均与节流阀Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅱ的连通端连通，任一所述新风空调机组内的新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管路的另一端均与压缩机的吸气口连通，通过任一所述节流阀Ⅲ开度的调节实现对应新风冷却除湿换热器除湿能力的调节，满足对应空调房间湿度调节的需要。其它方面的工作原理与实施例1类同。Referring to Figure 4, this embodiment is a multi-connected air-conditioning system, which is applicable to the application of multiple air-conditioning objects (that is, multiple air-conditioning rooms). A group is more than two units, such as a3_1, a3_2, a3_3, and the fresh air air conditioning unit (FAC) can also be a group, that is, more than two units. One end of the refrigerant pipeline (such as L2_1, L2_2, L2_3) to which any of the internal circulation air conditioners belongs is connected to a three-way reversing valve I (such as a2_1, a2_2, a2_3), any of the internal circulation air conditioners The other ends of the refrigerant pipelines are connected to a two-way throttle valve I (such as a4_1, a4_2, a4_3), and the other ends of any of the throttle valves I are connected to each other and to one end of the throttle valve II. The high-pressure inlet of any three-way reversing valve I communicates with the exhaust port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline L1, and the low-pressure outlet of any of the three-way reversing valves I communicates with the exhaust port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline L4. The suction port of the compressor is connected, and through the adjustment of the three-way reversing valve I, any internal circulation air conditioner can be in the cooling or heating mode to meet the temperature adjustment needs of the corresponding air-conditioned room. The inlet port of the refrigerant pipeline (such as L6_1, L6_2, L6_3) of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger (such as 205_1, 205_2, 205_3) in any of the fresh air air conditioning units is connected to a throttle valve III (such as a8_1 , a8_2, a8_3), the other end of any one of the throttle valves III is connected with the communication ends of the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II, and the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger in any one of the fresh air air conditioning units belongs to the refrigeration The other end of the agent pipeline is connected with the suction port of the compressor, and the adjustment of the dehumidification capacity of the corresponding fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can be realized through the adjustment of the opening degree of any of the throttle valves III, which meets the needs of humidity adjustment of the corresponding air-conditioned room . The working principles in other respects are similar to those in Embodiment 1.
实施例3Example 3
参照图5，本实施例与实施例1的区别在于：所述冷热源机组中的压缩机a1为两级压缩机，所述冷热源机组中的三通换向阀Ⅰa2和三通换向阀Ⅱa7的低压出口均通过制冷剂管路L4与压缩机的高压吸气口相连通，所述新风冷却除湿换热器205所属制冷剂管路出口端与所述压缩机a1的低压吸气口相连通。所述压缩机的吸气口之前均设置气液分离器，分别为气液分离器Ⅰa9或气液分离器Ⅱa10。Referring to Fig. 5, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the compressor a1 in the cold and heat source unit is a two-stage compressor, the three-way reversing valve Ia2 and the three-way reversing valve in the cold and heat source unit The low-pressure outlets of the valve IIa7 are all connected to the high-pressure suction port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline L4, and the outlet end of the refrigerant pipeline to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 belongs is connected to the low-pressure suction port of the compressor a1. The mouth is connected. Gas-liquid separators are arranged before the suction ports of the compressors, which are respectively gas-liquid separator Ia9 or gas-liquid separator IIa10.
供冷季节、过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大并且室内始终存在供冷负荷的条件下，新风冷却除湿换热器205用来为新风补充冷却除湿提供所需的冷量，内循环空调器用来冷却室内循环空气以实现室内空气温度调节目的。所述新风冷却除湿换热器205所属制冷剂管路L6的出口端与所述压缩机a1的低压吸气口相连通，可以降低新风冷却除湿换热器205所属制冷剂管路内制冷剂的蒸发温度，从而有可能使新风空调机组可以独立承担整个空调系统的除湿任务，内循环空调器因此可以仅承担显热冷负荷。又因内循环空调器a3所属制冷剂管路L2的出口通过三通换向阀Ⅰa2与压缩机的高压吸气口相连通，使得内循环空调器中的制冷剂可以在较高的蒸发温度下蒸发，提高了内循环空调器供冷时的制冷系数，也就提高了整个冷热源机组制冷工况下的能效比，通过高能效比实现节能运行。从热力学的角度分析，两级压缩有助于实现优质能量的梯级转换和利用，从而有利于提高系统的有用能利用率，这是因为两级压缩可以在满足室内空气温度调节要求的前提下提高内循环空调器内制冷剂的蒸发温度，同时又可以保持较低的新风冷却除湿换热器内的制冷剂蒸发温度，以满足新风除湿和室内空气湿度调节的要求，科学合理的利用了新风和内循环空气的独立调节设计方案，实现了科学合理的室内空气温湿度的独立调节过程，提高了系统的平均制冷系数，因此，这种能量的梯级利用最终也将体现在降低系统总的运行能耗和运行成本上。In cooling seasons, transitional seasons and humid climates or when the indoor humidity load is large and there is always a cooling load in the room, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 is used to provide the required cooling capacity for fresh air supplementary cooling and dehumidification, and is used for internal circulation air conditioners. To cool the indoor circulating air to achieve the purpose of indoor air temperature regulation. The outlet end of the refrigerant pipeline L6 to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 belongs is connected to the low-pressure suction port of the compressor a1, which can reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipeline L6 to which the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 belongs. The evaporating temperature makes it possible for the fresh air air conditioning unit to independently undertake the dehumidification task of the entire air conditioning system, so the internal circulation air conditioner can only undertake the sensible heat and cooling load. And because the outlet of the refrigerant pipeline L2 to which the internal circulation air conditioner a3 belongs is connected to the high-pressure suction port of the compressor through the three-way reversing valve Ia2, the refrigerant in the internal circulation air conditioner can be evaporated at a relatively high temperature. Evaporation improves the cooling coefficient of the internal circulation air conditioner during cooling, which also improves the energy efficiency ratio of the entire cold and heat source unit under cooling conditions, and realizes energy-saving operation through high energy efficiency ratio. From a thermodynamic point of view, two-stage compression helps to achieve cascade conversion and utilization of high-quality energy, which is conducive to improving the useful energy utilization rate of the system, because the two-stage compression can improve the indoor air temperature regulation requirements. The evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the internal circulation air conditioner can be kept low at the same time, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can be kept low to meet the requirements of fresh air dehumidification and indoor air humidity adjustment. The independent adjustment design scheme of the internal circulation air realizes the scientific and reasonable independent adjustment process of indoor air temperature and humidity, and improves the average refrigeration coefficient of the system. Therefore, the cascade utilization of this energy will eventually be reflected in the reduction of the total operating energy of the system. consumption and operating costs.
过渡季节潮湿气候或室内湿负荷较大并且室内始终存在供热负荷的条件下，新风冷却除湿换热器205用来为新风补充冷却除湿提供所需的冷量，内循环空调器用来加热室内循环空气以实现室内空气温度调节目的。此时，调节三通换向阀Ⅰa2的阀位使内循环空调器a3所属制冷剂管路L2的入口与压缩机的排气口相连通，调节三通换向阀Ⅱa7的阀位使室外换热器a5所属制冷剂管路L3的出口与压缩机的高压吸气口相连通。In humid climates in transitional seasons or when the indoor humidity load is large and there is always a heating load indoors, the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger 205 is used to provide the required cooling capacity for the fresh air supplementary cooling and dehumidification, and the internal circulation air conditioner is used to heat the indoor circulation Air to achieve the purpose of indoor air temperature regulation. At this time, adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve Ia2 to connect the inlet of the refrigerant pipeline L2 to which the internal circulation air conditioner a3 belongs to the exhaust port of the compressor, and adjust the valve position of the three-way reversing valve IIa7 to make the outdoor air conditioner The outlet of the refrigerant pipeline L3 to which the heater a5 belongs communicates with the high-pressure suction port of the compressor.
实施例3的整个空调系统在其他工况下的工作原理与特征均与实施例1的对应工况相同。The working principle and features of the entire air conditioning system in Embodiment 3 are the same as those in Embodiment 1 under other working conditions.
实施例4Example 4
参照图6，本实施例为一多联式空调系统，适用于多空调对象（即多空调房间）的应用场合，与实施例3的结构区别仅在于：所述内循环空调器a3可以是多台，如a3_1、a3_2、a3_3，所述新风空调机组（FAC）也可以是多台。任一所述内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路（如L2_1、L2_2、L2_3）的一端均连接有一个三通换向阀Ⅰ（如a2_1、a2_2、a2_3），任一所述内循环空调器所属制冷剂管路的另一端均连接有一个双向节流阀Ⅰ（如a4_1、a4_2、a4_3），任一所述节流阀Ⅰ的另一端均相互连通并与节流阀Ⅱ的一端连通，任一所述三通换向阀Ⅰ的高压入口均通过制冷剂管路L1与压缩机的排气口连通，任一所述三通换向阀Ⅰ的低压出口均通过制冷剂管路L4与压缩机的高压吸气口连通，通过三通换向阀Ⅰ的调节可以使任一内循环空调器处于制冷或供热工作模式，满足对应空调房间温度调节的需要。任一新风空调机组内的新风冷却除湿换热器（如205_1、205_2、205_3）所属制冷剂管路（如L6_1、L6_2、L6_3）的入口端均连接有一个节流阀Ⅲ（如a8_1、a8_2、a8_3），任一所述节流阀Ⅲ的另一端均与节流阀Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅱ的连通端连通，任一所述新风空调机组内的新风冷却除湿换热器所属制冷剂管路的另一端均与压缩机的低压吸气口连通，通过任一所述节流阀Ⅲ开度的调节可实现对应新风冷却除湿换热器除湿能力的调节，满足对应空调房间湿度调节的需要。其它方面的工作原理与实施例3类同。Referring to Figure 6, this embodiment is a multi-connected air-conditioning system, which is suitable for the application of multiple air-conditioning objects (that is, multiple air-conditioned rooms). units, such as a3_1, a3_2, a3_3, and the fresh air air conditioning unit (FAC) may also be multiple units. One end of the refrigerant pipeline (such as L2_1, L2_2, L2_3) to which any of the internal circulation air conditioners belongs is connected to a three-way reversing valve I (such as a2_1, a2_2, a2_3), any of the internal circulation air conditioners The other ends of the refrigerant pipelines are connected to a two-way throttle valve I (such as a4_1, a4_2, a4_3), and the other ends of any of the throttle valves I are connected to each other and to one end of the throttle valve II. The high-pressure inlet of any three-way reversing valve I communicates with the exhaust port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline L1, and the low-pressure outlet of any of the three-way reversing valves I communicates with the exhaust port of the compressor through the refrigerant pipeline L4. The high-pressure suction port of the compressor is connected, and through the adjustment of the three-way reversing valve I, any internal circulation air conditioner can be in the cooling or heating mode to meet the temperature adjustment needs of the corresponding air-conditioned room. The inlet port of the refrigerant pipeline (such as L6_1, L6_2, L6_3) of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger (such as 205_1, 205_2, 205_3) in any fresh air air conditioning unit is connected to a throttle valve III (such as a8_1, a8_2 , a8_3), the other end of any one of the throttle valves III is in communication with the connecting end of the throttle valve I and the throttle valve II, and the refrigerant pipe of the fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger in any one of the fresh air air conditioning units belongs to The other end of the road is connected with the low-pressure suction port of the compressor, and the adjustment of the dehumidification capacity of the corresponding fresh air cooling dehumidification heat exchanger can be realized through the adjustment of the opening degree of any of the throttle valve III, so as to meet the humidity adjustment requirements of the corresponding air-conditioned room . Other aspects of the working principle are similar to those in Embodiment 3.
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