CN106604414A - Low control load software-defined wireless sensor network architecture - Google Patents
Low control load software-defined wireless sensor network architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low control load software-defined wireless sensor network architecture, which comprises a control layer and a data layer. The architecture is characterized in that the control layer comprises a controller for determining overall network routing and data forwarding strategies; the data layer comprises a switch and a plurality of sensor nodes; the switch forwards an instruction of the controller to the whole network; each node is mainly formed by a communication module, a sensing module and a flow table, wherein the communication module is used for broadcasting and receiving a data packet, and the sensing module is used for sensing external data; and the nodes judge whether to change stages and forward or drop the data packets according to corresponding flow table items. The advantages are that the sensors can be reconfigured dynamically; and the control layer and the data layer are isolated physically, so that the deployed sensor nodes are allowed to realize control very easily on hardware without large changes, and Re-Tasking and re-programming can also be very simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load, belongs to radio sensing network frame
Structure technical field.
Background technology
Traditional WSN is made up of three kinds of nodes:Ordinary node, aggregation node, management node.Each node in WSN
Electric energy derive from the less battery of capacity, the energy of individual node, storage and information processing capability are all weaker, and this is just needed
Want between node by cooperating to complete data storage and information processing work;From unlike general sensor nodes,
There is the sensor node of another kind of enhancement mode in WSN -- aggregation node, it possesses stronger storage and disposal ability.Converge section
Point in WSN be responsible for connect other gateways, realize the interaction between different agreement, it can store more data and by these
Data are converted to the document of compilation form, then by the incoming ordinary node of amended document;Management node exists as its name suggests
Management role is played in WSN, we can obtain sensor network information by management node, in addition management node can also
By aggregation node assigned tasks to ordinary node, ordinary node completes to feed back information to aggregation node after task again.WSN
Traditional oriented Internet Architecture is used for reference, form is single, simple structure, while a kind of routing algorithm can only be run.
WSN earliest application is detecting, the information acquisition in military field such as situation of battlefield, but with technology not
Be broken into it is ripe, its civil area application also more and more extensively, such as smart home very popular in the last few years, biologic medical,
Factory's monitoring, meteorological detection, train smoke detection, condition of a fire early warning and cell, plant area's security monitoring etc..But it is wide with WSN
General application, traditional WSN also exposes some problems, for example because node energy is limited, can only transport under same scene
The single Routing Protocol of row, can not be according to the change adaptively changing routing mechanism of application demand, and network topology is with node energy
Amount exhausts to change causes whole network to become unstable or even failure.
Software defined network is introduced in radio sensing network（SDN）Model, main motivation shows following side
Face：1）Although SDN is successfully realized in cable network, go to realize that SDN models need the palm in radio sensing network
Dynamic natural environment in control radio sensing network environment（Node link fails and node failure, and efficiency route and data forwarding
Problem）.2）Well-known OpenFlow tends to the control plane for solving to be communicated between controller and OpenFlow switches
Problem, even so, needing to support that the band control of control plane and data plane is led to based on the radio sensing network of SDN
News.3）In most cases, the data stream list entry in flow table only carries out rule match with the header of packet.
4）In software definition wireless sense network（SDWSN）Energy ezpenditure balance used in the adjacent neighbor nodes of K（EC-CKN）Algorithm,
EC-CKN is a kind of famous based on energy ezpenditure sleep scheduling algorithm, and proposes a kind of new plan for being called SD EC-CKN
Slightly.Even so, in SD EC-CKN, when each node needs circulation every time transmission flag information to controller, so
Result in high control overhead.
In the last few years, Over-The-Air software upgradings and Re-Tasking strategies were proposed to strengthen international confession
Answer the flexibility of business's hardware compatibility and the recycling of sensor hardware in traditional wireless sensor network.In radio sensing network
Middle utilization software defined network, dynamically reconfigures sensor, allows sensor to send data according to route, and this becomes a kind of new
The scheme that emerging solution, such as Hata et al. are discussed in document [19-25].And the main concept of software defined network be
Isolate key-course and data Layer on physical layer, sensor node does not determine the ability of task, but by for receiving
The instruction that centralized controller is sent is carrying out assignment decisions.Therefore, deployed sensor node on hardware not
Needs just can very easily be controlled through very big change, and Re-Tasking and re-start programming
Can be very simple.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the defect for overcoming prior art, according to based on OpenFlow technologies
A kind of application of the SDN frameworks in the field such as network virtualization and network experimental platform, it is proposed that new wireless sensing planar network architecture,
And based on this new network framework, improve traditional EC-CKN sleep scheduling algorithms.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of software definition radio sensing network frame of low control load
Structure, including key-course and data Layer, is characterized in that, the key-course includes determining the route and data forwarding strategy of whole network
Controller, the data Layer includes switch and many sensor nodes, and the instruction of switch transmitting controller reaches whole
Network, each node is mainly made up of communication module, sensing module and flow table；The communication module is used for broadcast and receiving data
Bag, the sensing module is used to perceive external data, and all nodes judge whether change state by respective flow table entry
（Wake up or sleep）, forward or packet discard；Flow table is divided into three parts, and the matched rule of Part I will can be received
Packet carries out rule match, if meeting matching condition, performs the relevant action of Part II, while Part III definition
The time-to-live of the flow table and perform number of times.
In the radio sensing network framework, control message is defined as into 0, new information is defined as 1, data-message definition
For 2.
Further, the controlling stream gauge outfit of the flow table is including the control data bag for being sent to controller to obtain, from control
Control response bag that device processed is sended over and the topology information in network are updating the neighbor node table of these information.
Further, the flow table entry and flow table are described as follows：
1）When one jumps the interior neighbor node number in wake states is less than or equal to k, k is defined in sleep scheduling algorithm
Minimum to wake up number of nodes, it is 0 that present node sends request wake up sign position, control data position be 0 message it is all of to it
Neighbor node in one jump；When a node receives type bit for 0, control data position is 0 and flag bit is that 0 control disappears
Breath, this node needs to be waken up in current time interval, therefore, it is wake states that this node arranges its state, so
Generate afterwards and broadcast type position is 1, mode bit is 1 to update message in controller；On the other hand, control messages that mark
Position is 1, then the information forwarding destination node that this node passes through in routing table is the control message of controller address to next-hop
Node；
2）When one jumps the interior neighbor node number in wake states is more than k, at this time this node sends request wake-up and disappears
Cease to controller, after this, it is 0 to update control data position, and flag bit is 1；It is 0 when controller receives type bit, control
Request position is 0, and flag bit is 1 control message, and wherein also includes source node position, the jump and double bounce based on source node position
The information of neighbor node, controller determines revival or the sleep state of node by the sleep scheduling algorithm based on EC-CKN,
Then an action message that have updated after mode bit is returned for that node.
Further, when the controller meets the state for updating more than one node, based on a control data message
More than one action message is sent to different nodes, is realized by following steps：From each sensor section in SD EC-CKN
Point is substituted to controller and sends control data message, is minimized and be based in whole network EC-CKN sleep schedulings algorithm more new node
The quantity of all control messages of state, finally, when a node have received control response message, control data position therein
For 1, the then address and the address of oneself of the destination node in its relatively more current bag, if address is identical, this node will
Mode bit in control message otherwise, according to reliable routing iinformation this control action is forwarded updating its state
Address of the message to next-hop node.
Further, when the node receives control response and request message：
1）If type bit is 0, control data position is 0, and flag bit is 0：At this moment, node needs to be waken up, by the state of oneself
Wake-up states are revised as, it is 1 then to generate type bit, and mode bit is 1 new information and is sent to controller.And to this section
Neighbor node within point all is jumped broadcasts more new state；
2）If type bit is 0, control data position is 0, and flag bit is 1：When control message is included<Mark=1>When, node is based on
Information in routing table carrys out down hop node and sends control data message；
3）If type bit is 0, control data position is 1：Node is compared oneself ID and destination address.If equal,
The state of oneself is just updated according to the mode bit in control response message；If unequal, based on reliable routing iinformation come
Down hop node forwards control response message.
Further, when the controller receives control data message：
If type bit is 0, control data position is 0, and flag bit is 0, then controller obtains source node position, based on source node position
One jumps and double bounce nodal information, controller by determining the state of present node based on the sleep scheduling algorithm of EC-CKN, so
The mode bit after updating is returned afterwards to present node, and most of the time controller needs the state for updating more than one node, because
This, controller sends more than one control response message to many nodes based on a control data message.
Further, when the node receives new information：
1）If type bit is 1, forwarding position is 1, and node forwards the message to its next-hop node；
2）If the value of destination node position is identical with the ID of this node, this abandons current bag, and it is 0 to update forwarding position.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is reached：
The software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load proposed by the invention compared to conventional architectures, dynamic
Sensor is reconfigured, key-course and data Layer have been isolated on physical layer so that deployed sensor node is in hardware
On need not move through very big change and just can very easily be controlled, and Re-Tasking and re-start program and set
Meter also can be very simple.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the software definition radio sensing network configuration diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is flow table form of the present invention；
Fig. 3-1 is the message header schematic diagram in control data bag；
Fig. 3-2 is the message header schematic diagram in control response bag；
Fig. 3-3 is the form of neighbor node broadcast head within node is jumped to.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
1st, software definition radio sensing network framework
As Fig. 1, control plane are made up of a controller, this controller determines the route and data forwarding plan of whole network
Slightly.Datum plane is made up of a switch and many sensor nodes.The instruction of switch transmitting controller reaches whole net
Network, each node is by communication module（Broadcast and receiving data bag）, sensing module and flow table are constituted.All nodes are by respective
Flow table entry is judging whether change state（Wake up or sleep）, forward or packet discard.Here flow table form such as Fig. 2.
In software definition radio sensing network framework, we are divided into these species message：A) control message<Type=0
>, b) new information,<Type=1>, c) data-message,<Type=2>.
2nd, controlling stream gauge outfit
* control data bag<Control message head, the energy of node, the neighbor table of node>：It is sent to controller to obtain response/dynamic
Instruct.Control message head such as Fig. 3.In control message head,<Type>Specifically illustrate the type of message（Control message, updates
Message and data-message）,<Control data>The type for specifically illustrating control message is sended over from controller or needed
It is to be sent to controller.<Data packet length>The length including useful load bag is used to specify,<Source node, destination node, under
One hop node>Specifically illustrate the address of the source node address of bag, destination node address and present node next-hop.It is respective<
Wake up number of nodes>Interstitial content of the hop neighbor node of source node one in wake states is represented,<Mark>Illustrate that node is
It is no to need to forward control message to controller,<Time-to-live>Illustrate that node loses the time of this message.
* control response bag<Control message head, state>：From response/action command that controller is sended over, here<
State>Define the decision-making of node sleep or wake-up.
Fig. 3-1 represents the form of control response and control data message header.Here,<Action request>Control message is distinguished
Type in other words control message is sended over from controller（=1）Need for being sent to controller（=0）.<Long data packet
Degree>Represent the length of whole bag, including useful load.<Source node, destination node, next-hop node>Specifically illustrate generation
The ID of the address of node of the bag, destination address and next-hop node.<Wake up number of nodes>Show within a jump in wake-up
The neighbor node quantity of state.<Mark>Illustrate that node needs to forward control message or do not forward.<Time-to-live>Say
The bright time for losing the bag.<State>Define current state（Sleep=0 or wake-up=1）.<Forwarding>Define whether to need
It is sent to next-hop node, such as Fig. 3-2.In addition, form such as Fig. 3-3 of a hop broadcasting message header.
Neighbor node table：Node retains a neighbor node table, and the topology information in network is updating these information.
Typical neighbor node table is included<Neighbor node, energy, state, link reliability>,<Neighbor node>, <Energy>, <
State>, <Link reliability>The ID of a hop neighbor node, dump energy, current state are represented respectively（Sleep wakes up）With
Link reliability.In addition, node preserves next-hop node ID by the calculated decision of controller.
Here convection current table clause and flow table are described：
1) when one jumps the interior neighbor node number in wake states is less than or equal to k, present node sends request wake-up（<Mark
Will=0>,<Control data=0>）Message is to the neighbor node in its all of 1 jump.When a node is received<Type=0>,<Control
System request=0>,<Mark=0>Control message, this node needs to be waken up in current time interval.Therefore, this node
Its state of setting is wake states, then generates and broadcast new information（<Type=1>With<State=1>）To in controller.
On the other hand, control messages that including<Mark=1>, then this node forward the destination node to be by information in routing table
Node of the control message of controller address to next-hop.
2）When one jumps the interior neighbor node number in wake states is more than k, at this time this node sends request and calls out
Awake message is to controller.After this, update<Control data=0>,<Mark=1>.When controller is received<Type=0>,<Control
System request=0>With<Mark=1>Control message, and also include in control message<Source node>.It is based on<Source node>A jump
The revival or sleep for passing through the sleep scheduling algorithm decision node based on EC-CKN with the information of two-hop neighbor node, controller
State, then returns one and have updated for that node<State>Action message afterwards.
In most cases, controller needs the state for updating more than one node, therefore, it may be based on a control
Request message processed sends more than one action message to different nodes.
Then, substitute from each sensor node to controller in SD EC-CKN and send control data message, we are most
The little quantity for having changed all control messages for updating node state in whole network based on EC-CKN sleep schedulings algorithm.Finally,
It is therein when a node have received control response message<Control data=1>, the target section during then it is relatively currently wrapped
The address and the address of oneself of point.If address is identical, this node will be according in control message<State>To update it
State, otherwise, this control action message is forwarded to the address of next-hop node according to reliable routing iinformation.
3rd, when node receives control response and request message
1）If<Type=0>,<Control data=0>,<Mark=0>：At this moment, node needs to be waken up, by the status modifier of oneself
For wake-up states, then generate<Type=1>,<State=1>New information and be sent to controller.And it is all to this node
Neighbor node broadcast more new state within one jump.
2）If<Type=0>,<Control data=0>,<Mark=1>：When control message is included<Mark=1>When, node base
Information in routing table carrys out down hop node and sends control data message.
3）If<Type=0>,<Control data=1>:Node is compared oneself ID and destination address.If phase
Deng just according in control response message<State>To update the state of oneself；If unequal, based on reliable routing iinformation
Carry out down hop node forwarding control response message.
When controller receives control data message：
If<Type=0>,<Control data=0>,<Mark=0>, then controller acquisition<Source node>.It is based on<Source node>One
Jump and double bounce nodal information, controller by determining the state of present node based on the sleep scheduling algorithm of EC-CKN, then
Return after updating<State>To present node.Most of the time controller needs the state for updating more than one node, therefore,
Controller sends more than one control response message to many nodes based on a control data message.
When node receives new information：
If<Type=1>And<Forwarding=1>, node forwards the message to its next-hop node.If<Destination node>Value
Identical with the ID of this node, this abandons current bag, updates<Forwarding=0>.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these improve and deform
Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the software definition radio sensing network framework that a kind of low control is loaded, including key-course and data Layer, is characterized in that, institute
Stating key-course includes determining the route of whole network and the controller of data forwarding strategy that the data Layer includes switch and permitted
Multisensor node, the instruction of switch transmitting controller reaches whole network, and each node perceives mould mainly by communication module
Block and flow table are constituted；The communication module is used for broadcast and receiving data bag, and the sensing module is used to perceive external data, institute
There is node and judge whether change state by respective flow table entry, forward or packet discard；Flow table is divided into three parts,
The packet for receiving can be carried out rule match by the matched rule of Part I, if meeting matching condition, perform second
Partial relevant action, while Part III defines the time-to-live of the flow table and performs number of times.
2. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 1, is characterized in that, institute
In stating radio sensing network framework, control message is defined as into 0, new information is defined as 1, and data-message is defined as 2.
3. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 1, is characterized in that, institute
Stating the controlling stream gauge outfit of flow table includes that the control data bag for being sent to controller to obtain, the control sended over from controller ring
Should wrap and the topology information in network is updating the neighbor node table of these information.
4. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 2, is characterized in that, institute
State flow table entry and flow table is described as follows：
1）When one jumps the interior neighbor node number in wake states is less than or equal to k, k is defined in sleep scheduling algorithm
Minimum to wake up number of nodes, it is 0 that present node sends request wake up sign position, control data position be 0 message it is all of to it
Neighbor node in one jump；When a node receives type bit for 0, control data position is 0 and flag bit is that 0 control disappears
Breath, this node needs to be waken up in current time interval, therefore, it is wake states that this node arranges its state, so
Generate afterwards and broadcast type position is 1, mode bit is 1 to update message in controller；On the other hand, control messages that mark
Position is 1, then the information forwarding destination node that this node passes through in routing table is the control message of controller address to next-hop
Node；
2）When one jumps the interior neighbor node number in wake states is more than k, at this time this node sends request wake-up and disappears
Cease to controller, after this, it is 0 to update control data position, and flag bit is 1；It is 0 when controller receives type bit, control
Request position is 0, and flag bit is 1 control message, and wherein also includes source node position, the jump and double bounce based on source node position
The information of neighbor node, controller determines revival or the sleep state of node by the sleep scheduling algorithm based on EC-CKN,
Then an action message that have updated after mode bit is returned for that node.
5. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
When the controller meets the state for updating more than one node, more than one action is sent based on a control data message and is disappeared
Cease to different nodes, realized by following steps：Substitute from each sensor node to controller in SD EC-CKN and send
Control data message, minimizes in whole network and updates all control messages of node state based on EC-CKN sleep schedulings algorithm
Quantity, finally, when a node have received control response message, control data position therein is 1, and then it is more current
The address of the destination node in bag and the address of oneself, if address is identical, the shape that this node will be in control message
State position otherwise, forwards this control action message to arrive next-hop node updating its state according to reliable routing iinformation
Address.
6. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when
When the node receives control response and request message：
1）If type bit is 0, control data position is 0, and flag bit is 0：At this moment, node needs to be waken up, by the state of oneself
Wake-up states are revised as, it is 1 then to generate type bit, and mode bit is 1 new information and is sent to controller, and to this section
Neighbor node within point all is jumped broadcasts more new state；
2）If type bit is 0, control data position is 0, and flag bit is 1：When control message is included<Mark=1>When, node is based on
Information in routing table carrys out down hop node and sends control data message；
3）If type bit is 0, control data position is 1：Node is compared oneself ID and destination address, if equal,
The state of oneself is just updated according to the mode bit in control response message；If unequal, based on reliable routing iinformation come
Down hop node forwards control response message.
7. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when
When the controller receives control data message：
If type bit is 0, control data position is 0, and flag bit is 0, then controller obtains source node position, based on source node position
One jumps and double bounce nodal information, controller by determining the state of present node based on the sleep scheduling algorithm of EC-CKN, so
The mode bit after updating is returned afterwards to present node, and most of the time controller needs the state for updating more than one node, because
This, controller sends more than one control response message to many nodes based on a control data message.
8. a kind of software definition radio sensing network framework of low control load according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when
When the node receives new information：
1）If type bit is 1, forwarding position is 1, and node forwards the message to its next-hop node；
2）If the value of destination node position is identical with the ID of this node, this abandons current bag, and it is 0 to update forwarding position.
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