CN106604400A - Resource allocation and energy management method of collaborative cellular network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a resource allocation and energy management method of a collaborative cellular network. The resource allocation and energy management method ensures communication quality of each user through satisfying the minimum communication rate of each user, can maximize a sum of costs of two collaborative communication networks, and can guarantee the communication rate requirement of each user.

Description

A kind of resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network

Technical field

The present invention relates to the resource allocation and energy management method of a kind of co-operative cellular network, belong to the technology of radio communication Field.

Background technology

Wireless communication technology is fast-developing, has evolved to 5G technologies.The fast development of technology causes traffic rate and leads to Letter quality is become better and better, meanwhile, the quantity of wireless device is also rapid growth therewith, and then, the energy of whole network system disappears Consumption is also to increase substantially.In response to the theory of green communications, scientific research scholar starts to turn one's attention to regenerative resource, with this To replace the electric energy of parts of traditional, for example, solar energy, the regenerative resource such as wind energy.This way not only conforms to sustainable development And the theory of green communications, and, also below the price of traditional electrical network, this also causes to buy electric energy for the price of regenerative resource Cost substantially reduce.Therefore, increasing scholar begins one's study the power in this network with collection of energy function Distribution and energy management problem.

In a communications system, frequency spectrum is another resource in short supply.Multi-transceiver technology has very strong capacity of resisting disturbance, And in distribution also with very big motility.Therefore it is widely used in cellular network.Such as OFDM Technology.In order to tackle frequency spectrum nervous and the contradictory problems of mobile device substantial increase, sub- load is carried out between different cellular systems It is also a feasible method that ripple shares distribution, and frequency spectrum anxiety problem is alleviated with this.

There are many scholars recently to study co-allocation above two resource (energy resource and frequency spectrum resource), but not Have and consider under the pattern for introducing regenerative resource, to minimize the cost of whole network to drive target, by both resources Carry out joint-use distribution simultaneously.For example, Chinese patent CN102638891A discloses a kind of based on the wireless of energy efficiency Communication resource allocation method and system.The system is a kind of network system containing relaying, is cooperated by via node；Should Although system is allocation of research resources, but is can transmit in the efficiency of system, i.e. unit energy as much as possible to improve Information, while considering energy expenditure and transinformation；Resource allocation methods sub-carriers distribution method in the patent is main According to the targeted rate for being node, instantaneous energy performance and instantaneous data rates；Resource allocation relates only to subcarrier distribution, It is not designed into power distribution and energy management；In effect, the system is directed to improve system energy efficiency.

At present, in the data found, still without in the co-operative cellular network under the pattern for being introduced into regenerative resource Ensureing that mobile subscriber's required communication rate and federated resource share the precedent of distribution.

The content of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of resource allocation of co-operative cellular network and energy management side Method.

Term explanation：

KKT conditions：Karush-Kuhn-Tucker

The canonical form of optimization problem is：

Wherein, f₀X () is object function, f_iX ()≤0 is inequality constraints, h_iX ()=0 is equality constraint, the optimization is asked The Lagrangian of topic is defined as：

Wherein, λ_iFor i-th inequality constraints f_iThe corresponding Lagrange factor in (x)≤0, ν_iFor i-th equality constraint h_i The corresponding Lagrange factor in (x)=0.When optimization problem is convex problem, the point of KKT conditions namely former problem is met Optimal solution, we define x^*,λ^*,ν^*For x, the optimal solution corresponding to λ, ν, then have：

f_i(x^*)≤0, i=1 ..., m

h_i(x^*)=0, i=1 ..., p

Wherein,To seek local derviation symbol, five formulas above are referred to as Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) by us Condition.The technical scheme is that：

A kind of resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network, is realized by following system：The system includes two Individual cellular network, each cellular network includes a base station and K_iIndividual user, wherein i are base station number,K_iExpression has K in the i of base station_iIndividual user, userSetWithThe set of user in two base stations is represented respectively；Same section of frequency spectrum is shared in two base stations, and will entirely award The frequency band of power is divided into N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier, a width of B of band of each subcarrier；Make x_i,k,nFor subcarrier distribution factor, Wherein, n represents n-th subcarrier,The set of subcarrierGroup carrier wave n is allocated to base station i In k-th user when, x_i,k,n=1；Otherwise, x_i,k,n=0, and each subcarrier is only capable of distributing to a user；By base station i In channel gain of k-th user on n-th subcarrier be expressed as h_i,k,n；In the entire network, needed for each base station The energy that energy is shared from regenerative resource, electrical network and other base stations, when renewable collected by certain base station The energy is more sufficient, and the regenerative resource collected by another base station it is inadequate when, then the base station will be to another base Stand and share portion of energy, its process is：The base station notifies first the number of its energy that can be shared of another base station, then Another base station provides in turn the demand of oneself, and secondly the base station carries out boost operations, and will need shared energy note Among entering electrical network, at the same time, another base station carries out reduced pressure operation, and shared energy is obtained from electrical network, is reduced with this Whole network buys the cost of the energy；

Comprise the following steps that：

1) calculate each user traffic rate and：

By multicarrier communication between base station and user, each user it is its allocated to all subcarriers on communication Speed and it is：

Wherein p_i,k,nRepresent through-put power of k-th user on the n-th subcarrier in the i of base station, N₀Represent white Gaussian noise Power spectral density；

2) energy that each base station is consumed is calculated

The energy expenditure of each base station has three parts：Part I is that circuit consumes P_c,i；Part II is transmission signal Required energy P_i, andPart III is the energy e that base station i shares_i, then base station i consume Gross energy：

3) optimization problem is determined

, as object function, the distribution condition of each subcarrier, each base station are from regenerative resource for cost with whole system Ceiling capacity that company can buy, the traffic rate of each user and and the gross energy that consumes of each base station be constraint bar Part, constructs following optimization problem：

Wherein,Represent theBase station, RepresentBelong to setRemove the collection after element i Close；Represent the unit price of regenerative resource；Represent the unit price of the electric energy in electrical network；R_i,kRepresent the minimum needed for each user Traffic rate；E_iRepresent the amount of the regenerative resource of base station i purchases；G_iRepresent the energy that base station i buys from electrical network；Represent Base stationShare to the energy of base station i；η represents energy transmission efficiency；Represent the maximum energy that Renewable Energy Corp. AS can be provided Amount；Solve object functionMinima be referred to as former problem；

Symbol min represents minima symbol, and symbol Subject to represent constraint symbol, and above-mentioned formula is represented to each The assignment constraint of subcarrier, each base station can ceiling capacity, the minimum of each user bought from Renewable Energy Corp. AS Under the constraints of the gross energy that traffic rate demand and each base station consume, object function is solved's Minima；The minima for solving object function is referred to as former problem；

4) solving-optimizing problem

Contain integer variable x in the optimization problem_i,k,nAnd continuous variable, therefore the optimization problem is a mixing two System integer programming problem, in order to allow this problem easily to solve, we adopt and loosen integer type variable x_i,k,nMethod, will be whole Digital variable x_i,k,n0 to 1, i.e. x are relax to from original 0,1 value_i,k,n∈ [0,1], now, former optimization problem is by original Mixing bigit planning problem becomes a convex optimization problem, meanwhile, simple in order to state below, we redefine One variable s_i,k,n, and s_i,k,n=x_i,k,np_i,k,n；

By integer type variable x_i,k,n0 to 1, i.e. x are relax to from original 0,1 value_i,k,n∈ [0,1], plans former excellent again Change problem：

It can easily be proven that optimization problem (4) is a convex problem, it is right using Lagrange with unique globally optimal solution It is even theoretical, the relation of minimization problem i.e. original problem and maximization problems i.e. between dual problem can be set up, because institute The former problem of research has strong duality, therefore can obtain the optimum of former problem by solving dual problem with us Solution, in order to express conveniently, we define symbol Ψ to replace E_i, G_iAnd e_i；

Define symbol Ψ and replace E_i, G_iAnd e_i, i.e.,The then glug of former problem Bright day function is：

Define respectivelyWithFor variable s_i,k,nAnd x_i,k,nOptimal value；By using KKT conditions, variable s_i,k,nWith x_i,k,nObtain optimal value necessary and sufficient condition be：

The dual function of former problem is：

Wherein λ,The dual vector of front four constraints, λ in μ, ν difference representation formula (4)_i,k、μ_i、ν_nRespectively The Lagrange duality factor in representation formula (4) in front four constraints corresponding to each constraint formula, λ_i,k、μ_i、ν_n Be respectively dual vector λ,Element in μ, ν, the corresponding dual problem of dual function (7) is expressed as follows：

The optimal value that dual problem (8) is tried to achieve is the optimal value of former problem；

The antithesis factor is limited to constraints λ,μ, ν >=0, therefore can pass through to optimize antithesis factor lambda,μ, ν are asking Solution object function is dual functionMaximum, because former problem has strong duality, therefore dual problem (8) The optimal value tried to achieve is the optimal value of former problem.

A) optimal power allocation is solved

By the Lagrangian of former problem to variable s_i,k,nLocal derviation is sought, and makes its local derviation be equal to 0, i.e.,：

(9) formula of solution, obtains optimal transmission power of k-th user in the i of base station on n-th subcarrier

Wherein symbol []⁺Represent the negated negative value in part in []；

B) optimum subcarrier distribution is solved

By the drawing erlang day function pair variable x of former problem_i,k,nLocal derviation is sought, i.e.,：

Formula (10) is substituted into into formula (11), and is obtained using KKT conditions：

Wherein,

Can obtain using second condition in necessary and sufficient condition (6)：

From the 4th constraints in problem (4), the assignment problem of subcarrier is broken down into N number of independent asking Topic, for each subcarrier, if H_i,k,nDiffer, then by only one user using the subcarrier when Wait, its H_i,k,nBy minimum, in other words, H_i,k,nMinimum user will be assigned to the subcarrier；

H_i,k,nMinimum user is assigned to n-th subcarrier, i.e.,：

Wherein, symbolExpression ask so that when the part in [] takes minima k value；

C) optimal energy management is solved

So far the transmission power of optimum has been obtainedWith the distribution of optimum subcarrierNext step solves optimum WithIn order to reduce the energy purchase cost of whole network, we give priority to purchasing regenerative resource, because renewable energy The price in source is lower than the energy value of traditional electrical network, additionally, the shared principle of energy is：When some base station can buy can The renewable sources of energy are required more than its, and the regenerative resource that another base station can be bought not enough its demand, now the base Standing will be to the shared portion of energy in another base station, the cost with this further to reduce network, in other words, when two base stations Can purchase regenerative resource inadequate its demand or when can meet its demand, now two base stations will not share it Energy gives other base stations, therefore whether we can be zero according to the energy that two base stations are shared, will WithSolution Problem is solved using the thought of Taxonomic discussion：

Situation one, optimum shared energy are 0, i.e.,：

Define energy expenditure variable The circuit consumption and signal transmission consumption of base station i are represented, andAccording to the principle for giving priority to purchasing regenerative resource, optimum is further obtainedWith I.e.：

Situation two, optimum shared energy are not 0：There is the regenerative resource ratio that a base station can be bought in two base stations It is more sufficient, and the regenerative resource that another base station can be bought is inadequate, now we assume that base station i can buy renewable The energy is sufficient, and base stationThe regenerative resource that can be bought is inadequate, i.e.,：And

IfAndIt follows that base station i need not buy energy from electrical network, i.e.,：

Base station is understood according to the principle that energy is sharedEnergy need not be shared, i.e.,：

Because the price of regenerative resource is lower than the price of the electric energy of traditional electrical network, therefore should give priority to purchasing can for base station The renewable sources of energy, then base stationIts all of regenerative resource to be bought should be bought；

Base stationIts all of regenerative resource to be bought is bought, i.e.,：

For the base station i regenerative resources to be bought, base station i outside the energy requirement for meeting itself, its surplus Regenerative resource will share to base stationBut, base station i shares to base stationEnergy have two kinds of probabilities, i.e.,：Base station i is total to The energy enjoyed disclosure satisfy that base stationOr can not meet base stationDemand, it is contemplated that shared energy is in transmitting procedure In loss η；

Situation a), base station i share to base stationEnergy meet base stationDemand, i.e.,This Shi Jizhan i shared optimal energy is：

Base station i buys the energy that regenerative resource is that its own is consumedAnd it shares to base stationEnergy That is base station i needs the energy of regenerative resource of purchase to be：

Because base station i shares to base stationEnergy disclosure satisfy that base stationDemand, therefore base stationNeed not be from electrical network Middle purchase energy, i.e.,：

Situation b), base station i share to base stationEnergy can not meet base stationDemand, i.e.,Then now base station i should buy all of Renewable resource, i.e.,：

Also, remaining regenerative resource outside self-energy demand is met should all be shared to base by base station i StandThat is base station i shares to base stationOptimal energy be：

In base stationAfter have received the shared energy of base station i, base stationThe energy for also lacking is by base stationItself is to electrical network Purchase, i.e. base stationTo electrical network purchase energy be：

Contain Lagrange duality factor lambda in formula (10) and formula (15)_i,kAnd μ_i, when they get optimum, optimum sends out Penetrate powerWith the distribution of optimum subcarrierAnd the energy management of optimumWithAlso optimal value has been got.Draw The solution of Ge Lang antithesis factor optimal values can pass through sub- Gradient Iteration Algorithm for Solving；

The concrete solution procedure of Lagrange duality factor optimal value is as follows：

A) primary iteration number of times t=0 is set, if the minimal communications speed of each user, initialization antithesis factor set is initial Value λ (0), μ (0) is nonnegative real number；

B) when iterationses are t, with λ (t), μ (t) represents the current Lagrange duality factor for updating, will be to accidental cause Subclass λ (t), μ (t) are substituted in formula (10) and (15) and are obtained corresponding Optimal Signals through-put powerWith optimum subcarrier DistributionThen the energy management of optimum is calculated according to formula (16)-(27)With

C) 2 kinds of Lagrange duality factors are updated respectively using below equation：

Wherein, s_ λ (t) and s_ μ (t) represent respectively the corresponding iteration step length of the corresponding Lagrange duality factor, and t is represented Iterationses；

D) λ is made^*=λ (t+1), μ^*=μ (t+1), if λ^*And μ^*Meet predefined data precision, then export optimum antithesis Factor set λ^*And μ^*, otherwise, t=t+1 is made, step b) is jumped to, continue iteration, until meeting predefined data precision；

5) calculation base station and optimum transmission power during each telex network, optimum subcarrier distribution and optimal energy pipe Reason；

By optimum Lagrange factor optimal set λ for obtaining^*And μ^*In substitution formula (10)-(27), you can obtain meeting Optimal resource allocation and energy management under the condition of the minimum traffic rate of each user.

Preferably, the user is single-antenna subscriber；The subcarrier is orthogonal narrow-band sub-carriers.

Preferably, it is by the method that the whole frequency band for authorizing is divided into N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier, using orthogonal frequency The whole frequency band for authorizing is divided into N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier by multiplexing modulation technique.

Beneficial effects of the present invention are：

1. the resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network of the present invention, by meeting each user most Little traffic rate is ensureing the communication quality of each user；Can not only minimize two cooperative communication networks cost and, together When can also ensure that the required communication rate of each user；

2. using being that two base stations are used in conjunction with, this can not only improve frequency efficiency to subcarrier of the present invention, The base station subcarrier avoided the occurrence of caused by the method for the subcarrier usage quantity for fixing each base station is superfluous, and another The phenomenon of the subcarrier shortage of individual base station, while the sub-carrier wave distribution method is also the cost to minimize whole network and as mesh Mark, is optimum subcarrier distribution scheme in this kind of network system；

3. power distribution of the present invention is to minimize the cost of whole network as target, under the conditions of meet the constraint to the greatest extent The power attenuation of whole network is likely to reduced, energy loss is reduced from source, so as to reduce the cost of whole network, and the work( Rate distribution is optimum allocative decision in this kind of network system；

4. management scheme of the present invention is optimal energy Managed Solution, the party in the network that a kind of this paper is set up Case introduces regenerative resource, and gives priority to purchasing the more cheap regenerative resource of price, in addition, inadequate in regenerative resource When the traditional electrical network of purchase in electric energy, this way both ensure that the stability of whole network, while coming from purchase source Reduce the purchase cost of network；

5. can be that to carry out energy shared between two base stations in management scheme of the present invention, when wherein certain Renewable resource that one base station can be bought is more sufficient and during the just the opposite state of another base station, this be the base station just Can be to the shared part regenerative resource in another base station, although increased the purchase cost of the base station, but but further reduce The purchase cost of whole network；

6. it is straight between two base stations in the resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network of the present invention The cooperation of row energy is tapped into, via node is not contained；And regenerative resource is introduced, the energy supply of whole system is renewable energy What source and traditional electrical network were completed jointly, the purchasing price of both energy, purchase volume all forms important impact to system, it is necessary to It is considered；

7. the resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network of the present invention, goal in research be minimize it is whole The cost of system, i.e., lack as far as possible exhaustion point energy, and the cheap energy of purchasing price as far as possible, while what is considered is energy Consume the problem with purchasing price and cost.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of system of the present invention；

Specific embodiment

With reference to embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention will be further described, but not limited to this.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1.

A kind of resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network, is realized by following system：The system includes two Individual cellular network, each cellular network includes a base station and K_iIndividual user, wherein i are base station number, K_iExpression has K in the i of base station_iIndividual user, userSetWithRespectively Represent the set of user in two base stations；Same section of frequency spectrum is shared in two base stations, and the whole frequency band for authorizing is divided into into N number of band Wide identical subcarrier, a width of B of band of each subcarrier；Make x_i,k,nFor subcarrier distribution factor, wherein, n represents that n-th son is carried Ripple,The set of subcarrierWhen group carrier wave n is allocated to k-th user in the i of base station, x_i,k,n =1；Otherwise, x_i,k,n=0, and each subcarrier is only capable of distributing to a user；K-th user in the i of base station is sub at n-th Channel gain on carrier wave is expressed as h_i,k,n；In the entire network, the energy needed for each base station derives from regenerative resource, electricity The energy that net and other base stations are shared, when the regenerative resource collected by certain base station it is more sufficient, and another base When collected regenerative resource of standing is inadequate, then the base station will be to the shared portion of energy in another base station, its process： The base station notifies first the number of its energy that can be shared of another base station, and then another base station provides in turn oneself Demand, secondly the base station carries out boost operations, and will need among shared energy injection electrical network, at the same time, another Individual base station carries out reduced pressure operation, and shared energy is obtained from electrical network, and the cost that whole network buys the energy is reduced with this；

Comprise the following steps that：

1) calculate each user traffic rate and：

By multicarrier communication between base station and user, each user it is its allocated to all subcarriers on communication Speed and it is：

Wherein p_i,k,nRepresent through-put power of k-th user on the n-th subcarrier in the i of base station, N₀Represent white Gaussian noise Power spectral density；

2) energy that each base station is consumed is calculated

The energy expenditure of each base station has three parts：Part I is that circuit consumes P_c,i；Part II is transmission signal Required energy P_i, andPart III is the energy e that base station i shares_i, then base station i consume Gross energy：

3) optimization problem is determined

, as object function, the distribution condition of each subcarrier, each base station are from regenerative resource for cost with whole system Ceiling capacity that company can buy, the traffic rate of each user and and the gross energy that consumes of each base station be constraint bar Part, constructs following optimization problem：

Wherein,Represent theBase station,RepresentBelong to setRemove the collection after element i Close；Represent the unit price of regenerative resource；Represent the unit price of the electric energy in electrical network；R_i,kRepresent the minimum needed for each user Traffic rate；E_iRepresent the amount of the regenerative resource of base station i purchases；G_iRepresent the energy that base station i buys from electrical network；Represent Base stationShare to the energy of base station i；η represents energy transmission efficiency；Represent the maximum energy that Renewable Energy Corp. AS can be provided Amount；Solve object functionMinima be referred to as former problem；

Symbol min represents minima symbol, and symbol Subject to represent constraint symbol, and above-mentioned formula is represented to each The assignment constraint of subcarrier, each base station can ceiling capacity, the minimum of each user bought from Renewable Energy Corp. AS Under the constraints of the gross energy that traffic rate demand and each base station consume, object function is solved Minima；The minima for solving object function is referred to as former problem；

4) solving-optimizing problem

Contain integer variable x in the optimization problem_i,k,nAnd continuous variable, therefore the optimization problem is a mixing two System integer programming problem, in order to allow this problem easily to solve, we adopt and loosen integer type variable x_i,k,nMethod, will be whole Digital variable x_i,k,n0 to 1, i.e. x are relax to from original 0,1 value_i,k,n∈ [0,1], now, former optimization problem is by original Mixing bigit planning problem becomes a convex optimization problem, meanwhile, simple in order to state below, we redefine One variable s_i,k,n, and s_i,k,n=x_i,k,np_i,k,n；

By integer type variable x_i,k,n0 to 1, i.e. x are relax to from original 0,1 value_i,k,n∈ [0,1], plans former excellent again Change problem：

It can easily be proven that optimization problem (4) is a convex problem, it is right using Lagrange with unique globally optimal solution It is even theoretical, the relation of minimization problem i.e. original problem and maximization problems i.e. between dual problem can be set up, because institute The former problem of research has strong duality, therefore can obtain the optimum of former problem by solving dual problem with us Solution, in order to express conveniently, we define symbol Ψ to replace E_i, G_iAnd e_i；

Define symbol Ψ and replace E_i, G_iAnd e_i, i.e.,The then glug of former problem Bright day function is：

Define respectivelyWithFor variable s_i,k,nAnd x_i,k,nOptimal value；By using KKT conditions, variable s_i,k,nWith x_i,k,nObtain optimal value necessary and sufficient condition be：

The dual function of former problem is：

Wherein λ,The dual vector of front four constraints, λ in μ, ν difference representation formula (4)_i,k、μ_i、ν_nRespectively The Lagrange duality factor in representation formula (4) in front four constraints corresponding to each constraint formula, λ_i,k、μ_i、ν_n Be respectively dual vector λ,Element in μ, ν, the corresponding dual problem of dual function (7) is expressed as follows：

The optimal value that dual problem (8) is tried to achieve is the optimal value of former problem；

The antithesis factor is limited to constraints λ,μ, ν >=0, therefore can pass through to optimize antithesis factor lambda,μ, ν are asking Solution object function is dual functionMaximum, because former problem has strong duality, therefore dual problem (8) The optimal value tried to achieve is the optimal value of former problem.

A) optimal power allocation is solved

By the Lagrangian of former problem to variable s_i,k,nLocal derviation is sought, and makes its local derviation be equal to 0, i.e.,：

(9) formula of solution, obtains optimal transmission power of k-th user in the i of base station on n-th subcarrier

Wherein symbol []⁺Represent the negated negative value in part in []；

B) optimum subcarrier distribution is solved

By the drawing erlang day function pair variable x of former problem_i,k,nLocal derviation is sought, i.e.,：

Formula (10) is substituted into into formula (11), and is obtained using KKT conditions：

Wherein,

Can obtain using second condition in necessary and sufficient condition (6)：

From the 4th constraints in problem (4), the assignment problem of subcarrier is broken down into N number of independent asking Topic, for each subcarrier, if H_i,k,nDiffer, then by only one user using the subcarrier when Wait, its H_i,k,nBy minimum, in other words, H_i,k,nMinimum user will be assigned to the subcarrier；

H_i,k,nMinimum user is assigned to n-th subcarrier, i.e.,：

Wherein, symbolExpression ask so that when the part in [] takes minima k value；

C) optimal energy management is solved

So far the transmission power of optimum has been obtainedWith the distribution of optimum subcarrierNext step solves optimum WithIn order to reduce the energy purchase cost of whole network, we give priority to purchasing regenerative resource, because regenerative resource Price is lower than the energy value of traditional electrical network, additionally, the shared principle of energy is：When some base station can buy it is renewable The energy is required more than its, and the regenerative resource that another base station can be bought not enough its demand, and now the base station is just Can be to the shared portion of energy in another base station, the cost with this further to reduce network, in other words, when two base station institute energy The regenerative resource of purchase inadequate its demand or when can meet its demand, now two base stations will not share its energy Other base stations are given, therefore whether we can be zero according to the energy that two base stations are shared, will WithSolve problems Solved using the thought of Taxonomic discussion：

Situation one, optimum shared energy are 0, i.e.,：

Define energy expenditure variableThe circuit consumption and signal transmission consumption of base station i are represented, andAccording to the principle for giving priority to purchasing regenerative resource, optimum is further obtainedWith I.e.：

Situation two, optimum shared energy are not 0：There is the regenerative resource ratio that a base station can be bought in two base stations It is more sufficient, and the regenerative resource that another base station can be bought is inadequate, now we assume that base station i can buy renewable The energy is sufficient, and base stationThe regenerative resource that can be bought is inadequate, i.e.,：And

IfAndIt follows that base station i need not buy energy from electrical network, i.e.,：

Base station is understood according to the principle that energy is sharedEnergy need not be shared, i.e.,：

Because the price of regenerative resource is lower than the price of the electric energy of traditional electrical network, therefore should give priority to purchasing can for base station The renewable sources of energy, then base stationIts all of regenerative resource to be bought should be bought；

Base stationIts all of regenerative resource to be bought is bought, i.e.,：

For the base station i regenerative resources to be bought, base station i outside the energy requirement for meeting itself, its surplus Regenerative resource will share to base stationBut, base station i shares to base stationEnergy have two kinds of probabilities, i.e.,：Base station i is total to The energy enjoyed disclosure satisfy that base stationOr can not meet base stationDemand, it is contemplated that shared energy is in transmitting procedure In loss η；

Situation a), base station i share to base stationEnergy meet base stationDemand, i.e.,This Shi Jizhan i shared optimal energy is：

Base station i buys the energy that regenerative resource is that its own is consumedAnd it shares to base stationEnergy That is base station i needs the energy of regenerative resource of purchase to be：

Because base station i shares to base stationEnergy disclosure satisfy that base stationDemand, therefore base stationNeed not be from electrical network Middle purchase energy, i.e.,：

Situation b), base station i share to base stationEnergy can not meet base stationDemand, i.e., Then now base station i should buy all of Renewable resource, i.e.,：

Also, remaining regenerative resource outside self-energy demand is met should all be shared to base by base station i StandThat is base station i shares to base stationOptimal energy be：

In base stationAfter have received the shared energy of base station i, base stationThe energy for also lacking is by base stationItself is to electrical network Purchase, i.e. base stationTo electrical network purchase energy be：

Contain Lagrange duality factor lambda in formula (10) and formula (15)_i,kAnd μ_i, when they get optimum, optimum sends out Penetrate powerWith the distribution of optimum subcarrierAnd the energy management of optimumWithAlso optimal value has been got.Glug The solution of bright day antithesis factor optimal value can pass through sub- Gradient Iteration Algorithm for Solving；

The concrete solution procedure of Lagrange duality factor optimal value is as follows：

A) primary iteration number of times t=0 is set, if the minimal communications speed of each user, initialization antithesis factor set is initial Value λ (0), μ (0) is nonnegative real number；

B) when iterationses are t, with λ (t), μ (t) represents the current Lagrange duality factor for updating, will be to accidental cause Subclass λ (t), μ (t) are substituted in formula (10) and (15) and are obtained corresponding Optimal Signals through-put powerWith optimum subcarrier DistributionThen the energy management of optimum is calculated according to formula (16)-(27) With

C) 2 kinds of Lagrange duality factors are updated respectively using below equation：

Wherein, s_ λ (t) and s_ μ (t) represent respectively the corresponding iteration step length of the corresponding Lagrange duality factor, and t is represented Iterationses；

D) λ is made^*=λ (t+1), μ^*=μ (t+1), if λ^*And μ^*Meet predefined data precision, then export optimum antithesis Factor set λ^*And μ^*, otherwise, t=t+1 is made, step b) is jumped to, continue iteration, until meeting predefined data precision；

5) calculation base station and optimum transmission power during each telex network, optimum subcarrier distribution and optimal energy pipe Reason；

By optimum Lagrange factor optimal set λ for obtaining^*And μ^*In substitution formula (10)-(27), you can obtain meeting Optimal resource allocation and energy management under the condition of the minimum traffic rate of each user.

Embodiment 2

The resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network as described in Example 1, except that, the use Family is single-antenna subscriber；The subcarrier is orthogonal narrow-band sub-carriers.

Embodiment 3

The resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network as described in Example 1, except that, will be whole The frequency band of mandate is divided into the method for N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier, will entirely be awarded using OFDM modulation technology The frequency band of power is divided into N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network, is realized by following system：The system includes two Cellular network, each cellular network includes a base station and K_iIndividual user, wherein i are base station number, K_iExpression has K in the i of base station_iIndividual user, userSetWithRespectively Represent the set of user in two base stations；Same section of frequency spectrum is shared in two base stations, and the whole frequency band for authorizing is divided into into N number of band Wide identical subcarrier, a width of B of band of each subcarrier；Make x_i,k,nFor subcarrier distribution factor, wherein, n represents that n-th son is carried Ripple,The set of subcarrierWhen group carrier wave n is allocated to k-th user in the i of base station, x_i,k,n =1；Otherwise, x_i,k,n=0, and each subcarrier is only capable of distributing to a user；K-th user in the i of base station is sub at n-th Channel gain on carrier wave is expressed as h_i,k,n；Characterized in that, comprising the following steps that：

1) calculate each user traffic rate and：

By multicarrier communication between base station and user, each user it is its allocated to all subcarriers on traffic rate With for：

Wherein p_i,k,nRepresent through-put power of k-th user on the n-th subcarrier in the i of base station, N₀Represent the work(of white Gaussian noise Rate spectrum density；

2) energy that each base station is consumed is calculated

The energy expenditure of each base station has three parts：Part I is that circuit consumes P_c,i；Part II is needed for transmission signal The energy P for wanting_i, andPart III is the energy e that base station i shares_i, then the total energy that base station i is consumed Amount：

3) optimization problem is determined

, as object function, the distribution condition of each subcarrier, each base station are from Renewable Energy Corp. AS for cost with whole system Can the ceiling capacity of purchase, the traffic rate of each user and and the gross energy that consumes of each base station be constraints, structure Make following optimization problem：

Wherein,Represent theBase station, RepresentBelong to setRemove the set after element i； Represent the unit price of regenerative resource；Represent the unit price of the electric energy in electrical network；R_i,kRepresent the minimal communications speed needed for each user Rate；E_iRepresent the amount of the regenerative resource of base station i purchases；G_iRepresent the energy that base station i buys from electrical network；e_iRepresent base stationAltogether Enjoy to the energy of base station i；η represents energy transmission efficiency；Represent the ceiling capacity that Renewable Energy Corp. AS can be provided；Solve Object functionMinima be referred to as former problem；

4) solving-optimizing problem

By integer type variable x_i,k,n0 to 1, i.e. x are relax to from original 0,1 value_i,k,n∈ [0,1], plans that former optimization is asked again Topic：

0≤x_i,k,n≤1

Define symbol Ψ and replace E_i, G_iAnd e_i, i.e.,The then Lagrange of former problem Function is：

Define respectivelyWithFor variable s_i,k,nAnd x_i,k,nOptimal value；By using KKT conditions, variable s_i,k,nAnd x_i,k,n Obtain optimal value necessary and sufficient condition be：

The dual function of former problem is：

Wherein λ,The dual vector of front four constraints, λ in μ, ν difference representation formula (4)_i,k、μ_i、ν_nRepresent respectively public The Lagrange duality factor in formula (4) in front four constraints corresponding to each constraint formula, λ_i,k、μ_i、ν_nIt is respectively Dual vector λ,Element in μ, ν, the corresponding dual problem of dual function (7) is expressed as follows：

The optimal value that dual problem (8) is tried to achieve is the optimal value of former problem；

A) optimal power allocation is solved

By the Lagrangian of former problem to variable s_i,k,nLocal derviation is sought, and makes its local derviation be equal to 0, i.e.,：

$\frac{\∂L(x,p,\mathrm{\Ψ},v,\mathrm{\λ},\mathrm{\μ})}{\∂s_{i,k,n}}=0---\left(9\right)$

(9) formula of solution, obtains optimal transmission power of k-th user in the i of base station on n-th subcarrier

$p_{i,k,n}^{*}=\frac{s_{i,k,n}^{*}}{x_{i,k,n}^{*}}={\[\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,k}B}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_{i}ln2}-\frac{{\mathrm{BN}}_0}{h_{i,k,n}}\]}^{+}---\left(10\right)$

Wherein symbol []⁺Represent the negated negative value in part in []；

B) optimum subcarrier distribution is solved

By the drawing erlang day function pair variable x of former problem_i,k,nLocal derviation is sought, i.e.,：

$\frac{\∂L}{\∂x_{i,k,n}}={\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,k}\[\frac{s_{i,k,n}{h}_{i,k,n}}{(x_{i,k,n}{\mathrm{BN}}_0+s_{i,k,n}{h}_{i,k,n})\ln 2}-B{\log }_2\left(1+\frac{s_{i,k,n}{h}_{i,k,n}}{x_{i,k,n}{\mathrm{BN}}_0}\right)\]-v_n---\left(11\right)$

Formula (10) is substituted into into formula (11), and is obtained using KKT conditions：

$\frac{\∂L}{\∂x_{i,k,n}}=H_{i,k,n}-v_n---\left(12\right)$

Wherein,

$K_{i,k,n}={\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,k}B\[\frac{1}{\ln 2}-\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_i{N}_0}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,k}{h}_{i,k,n}}-{\log }_2\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,k}{h}_{i,k,n}}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_i{N}_0\ln 2}\]---\left(13\right)$

Can obtain using second condition in necessary and sufficient condition (6)：

$x_{i,k,n}^{*}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}=0,H_{i,k,n}>v_n\\ =1,H_{i,k,n}<v_n\end{array}\right.---\left(14\right)$

H_i,k,nMinimum user is assigned to n-th subcarrier, i.e.,：

$x_{i,k^{*},n}^{*}=1,x_{i,k,n}^{*}=0,\&ForAll;k\&NotEqual;k^{*},k^{*}=\underset{k}{\mathrm{argmin}}{H}_{i,k,n}---\left(15\right)$

Wherein, symbolExpression ask so that when the part in [] takes minima k value；

C) optimal energy management is solved

Situation one, optimum shared energy are 0, i.e.,：

$e_i^{*}=0---\left(16\right)$

Define energy expenditure variableThe circuit consumption and signal transmission consumption of base station i are represented, andAccording to the principle for giving priority to purchasing regenerative resource, optimum is further obtainedWith I.e.：

$E_i^{*}=min(E_c^{\left(i\right)},{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{E}}_i)---\left(17\right)$

$G_i^{*}=max(E_c^{\left(i\right)}-{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{E}}_i,0)---\left(18\right)$

Situation two, optimum shared energy are not 0：

IfAndIt follows that base station i need not buy energy from electrical network, i.e.,：

$G_i^{*}=0---\left(19\right)$

Base station is understood according to the principle that energy is sharedEnergy need not be shared, i.e.,：

$e_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}}^{*}=0---\left(20\right)$

Base stationIts all of regenerative resource to be bought is bought, i.e.,：

$E_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}}^{*}={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{E}}_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}}---\left(21\right)$

Situation a), base station i share to base stationEnergy meet base stationDemand, i.e.,Now base The i that stands shared optimal energy is：

$e_i^{*}=(E_c^{\left(\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}\right)}-{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{E}}_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}})/\mathrm{\&eta;}---\left(22\right)$

Base station i buys the energy that regenerative resource is that its own is consumedAnd it shares to base stationEnergyThat is base station I needs the energy of regenerative resource of purchase to be：

$E_i^{*}=E_c^{\left(i\right)}+e_i^{*}---\left(23\right)$

Because base station i shares to base stationEnergy disclosure satisfy that base stationDemand, therefore base stationNeed not buy from electrical network Energy, i.e.,：

$G_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}}^{*}=0---\left(24\right)$

Situation b), base station i share to base stationEnergy can not meet base stationDemand, i.e.,Then Now base station i should buy all of Renewable resource, i.e.,：

$E_i^{*}={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{E}}_i---\left(25\right)$

Also, remaining regenerative resource outside self-energy demand is met should all be shared to base station by base station i That is base station i shares to base stationOptimal energy be：

$e_i^{*}=E_i^{*}-E_c^{\left(i\right)}---\left(26\right)$

In base stationAfter have received the shared energy of base station i, base stationThe energy for also lacking is by base stationItself buys to electrical network, That is base stationTo electrical network purchase energy be：

$G_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}}^{*}=E_c^{\left(\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}\right)}-E_{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{i}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&eta;e}}_i^{*}---\left(27\right);$

The concrete solution procedure of Lagrange duality factor optimal value is as follows：

A) primary iteration number of times t=0 is set, if the minimal communications speed of each user, antithesis factor set initial value λ is initialized (0), μ (0) is nonnegative real number；

B) when iterationses are t, with λ (t), μ (t) represents the current Lagrange duality factor for updating, by antithesis factor set Close in λ (t), μ (t) substitution formula (10) and (15) and obtain corresponding Optimal Signals through-put powerWith the distribution of optimum subcarrierThen the energy management of optimum is calculated according to formula (16)-(27)With

C) 2 kinds of Lagrange duality factors are updated respectively using below equation：

Wherein, s_ λ (t) and s_ μ (t) represent respectively the corresponding iteration step length of the corresponding Lagrange duality factor, and t represents iteration Number of times；

D) λ is made^*=λ (t+1), μ^*=μ (t+1), if λ^*And μ^*Meet predefined data precision, then export optimum antithesis factor set Close λ^*And μ^*, otherwise, t=t+1 is made, step b) is jumped to, continue iteration, until meeting predefined data precision；

5) calculation base station and optimum transmission power during each telex network, optimum subcarrier distribution and optimal energy management；

By optimum Lagrange factor optimal set λ for obtaining^*And μ^*In substitution formula (10)-(27), you can obtain meeting each Optimal resource allocation and energy management under the condition of the minimum traffic rate of user.

2. the resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described User is single-antenna subscriber；The subcarrier is orthogonal narrow-band sub-carriers.

3. the resource allocation and energy management method of co-operative cellular network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that will be whole The frequency band of individual mandate is divided into the method for N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier, will be whole using OFDM modulation technology The frequency band of mandate is divided into N number of bandwidth identical subcarrier.