CN106604029B - A kind of bit rate control method of the moving region detection based on HEVC - Google Patents
A kind of bit rate control method of the moving region detection based on HEVC Download PDFInfo
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/114—Adapting the group of pictures [GOP] structure, e.g. number of B-frames between two anchor frames
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
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- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
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Abstract
The bit rate control method for the moving region detection based on HEVC that the invention discloses a kind of, includes the following steps: the bit rate control method according to HEVC encoder, encodes the 1st GOP；Since the 2nd GOP, for each I frame, the LCU of each I frame is marked using the moving region detection technique based on frame differential method, type includes moving region, general area and stagnant zone；According to the QP of the LCU adjustment LCU after being marked, the QP of the LCU labeled as moving region is lowered, up-regulation remains unchanged the QP of the LCU labeled as general area labeled as the QP of the LCU of stagnant zone；According to QP adjusted using each LCU in the bit rate control method coding I frame of HEVC encoder；For in GOP B frame and P frame then encoded according to the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder.The present invention can detect the visual attention location region in video content under middle low bit- rate and guarantee its visual quality, realize quick, accurate Data Rate Distribution optimization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of video coding more particularly to a kind of code rate controls of the moving region detection based on HEVC
Method processed.
Background technique
In the case where code rate abundance, the quality of each frame various pieces of video can be guaranteed；However, working as code rate phase
When to deficiency, how limited bit resources are carried out more reasonable distribution by the especially application of high-resolution video,
In order to obtain more preferably video encoding quality, at this moment Rate Distribution Strategy is particularly important.The final reception of video information
Person is people, and human eye has selectivity when watching video, and visual focus can be attracted by certain specific information.In picture
Moving object can usually arrest eyeball.If same objective distortion (such as MSE) occurs for moving region and stagnant zone, transport
The perceptual distortion that dynamic region generates is often bigger.Reason is that human eye often pays close attention to moving object when there is movement in picture
And have ignored stationary object.At this moment, the distortion of moving object can be noticeable and the distortion of stationary object can be ignored.Therefore, it transports
Dynamic is a key factor for determining human eye concern.For this perception feature of human eye, limited code rate resource can be carried out
The distribution for more meeting human eye perception distributes more code rates to the region of visual focus concern, and other " inessential " regions are divided
With relatively little of code rate, so that the subjective quality of video is still available certain under the premise of code rate relative deficiency
Guarantee.
Based on state-of-the-art video encoding standard --- the bit rate control method of HEVC is using based on λ in the world now
The code rate allocation method in domain after target bit rate, is asked when carrying out Data Rate Distribution to basic unit layer according to target bit rate
λ is obtained, then quantization parameter QP is acquired by λ.When the target bit rate of basic unit increases, it is possible to the QP finally acquired does not become, because
This does not bring the promotion on coding quality.It is determined currently substantially moreover, this method is used based on the residual signals of MAD statistics
The code rate weight of unit, there is no different zones in differentiation picture for the vision significance level of human eye.Therefore the present invention proposes
The visual attention location region in video frame is identified using moving region detection algorithm and the region emphasis is encoded.Currently, realizing
The algorithm of moving region or object detection can be substantially divided into three categories according to basic principle: background subtraction, optical flow method and
Frame differential method.Background subtraction needs to cache several frames when establishing with update background model, can expend a large amount of memories.Light
The speed of moving object can be precisely calculated in stream method, even also there is good detection accuracy in dynamic scene, but
It is that computation complexity is higher, the requirement to hardware is also higher, is not suitable for real-time application.And frame differential method calculates letter
It is single, and can adapt to dynamic background variation, it is well suited for the application for need to only extract motion region boundary.
When carrying out Video coding, since B/P frame is encoded using inter-frame prediction techniques, the information in I frame is used as
With reference to therefore, if visual attention location region detection and emphasis coding are carried out to I frame, so that the coding quality of human eye region-of-interest obtains
To raising, then the quality of the block made reference in subsequent B/P frame with the region can also get a promotion.Therefore, the present invention will be directed to
The new features and B/P frame of HEVC coding structure use the characteristics of inter prediction encoding, propose one and are examined based on moving region
The bit rate control method of survey.Before encoding to I frame, the moving region institute of image is obtained using frame differential method first
In position, then the QP of I frame LCU is adjusted accordingly, to improve the picture quality in visual attention location region.The present invention is with practical application
Starting point is applied for the mobile video under middle low-bandwidth network environment and is proposed, and refers to test model HM16.2 in HEVC
The validity of this method is demonstrated on encoder.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and deficiency of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of moving region detection based on HEVC
Bit rate control method, the visual attention location region in video content can be detected under middle low bit- rate and guarantees its visual quality,
Realize quick, accurate Data Rate Distribution optimization.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of moving region detection based on HEVC
Bit rate control method, include the following steps:
S1, according to the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder, encode the 1st GOP；
S2, since the 2nd GOP, for each I frame, using the moving region detection technique based on frame differential method
The LCU of each I frame is marked, type includes moving region, general area and stagnant zone；
S3, the QP that LCU is adjusted according to the LCU after being marked lower the QP of the LCU labeled as moving region, up-regulation mark
It is denoted as the QP of the LCU of stagnant zone, the QP of the LCU labeled as general area is remained unchanged；
S4, the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder is used to encode each LCU in I frame according to QP adjusted；
S5, in GOP B frame and P frame then encoded according to the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder.
Further, the step S2 specifically:
S21, the I frame luminance component Y according to current GOPiWith the luminance component Y of the I frame of previous GOPi-1, calculate luminance difference
Absolute value matrix diff=| Yi-Yi-1|；
S22, maximum luminance difference y in diff is soughtMax；
S22, according to formula T1=k1×yMaxAcquire threshold value T1, wherein k1For the regulatory factor of setting；
S23, for each LCU, execute following steps: in diff, the luminance difference for counting LCU is more than T1Of value
Number accounts for the ratio k of LCU sum of all pixels2, and threshold value T is set2；If k2> T2, then marking this LCU is moving region, to Nm0Add 1；It is no
Then, marking this LCU is stagnant zone；
S24, in moving region, if Nm0Greater than 30% of LCU sum in the frame, then will there is minimum k in moving region2
The LCU of value is labeled as general area, and by Nm0Subtract 1；
S25, step S24 is repeated, until Nm0Less than or equal to 30% of LCU sum in the frame.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
(1), invention applies frame differential method, be conducive to quickly detect the moving region in I frame, and the movement is examined
Survey technology is embedded in cataloged procedure, does not need any off-line operation, can carry out real time kinematics detection to video sequence；And inside
Deposit the caching for spatially only needing to increase an I frame brightness value；
(2), the present invention establishes the moving region detection model based on I frame LCU, not only contributes to human eye in I frame and pays close attention to
The quality of the raising of the coding quality in region, the block for being made reference in subsequent B/P frame with the region can also get a promotion, from
And realize the Data Rate Distribution for meeting visual characteristics of human eyes；
(3), the method for the present invention can be applied in the various video coding systems based on HEVC standard, portable strong.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart of the bit rate control method of the moving region detection based on HEVC of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is in a kind of bit rate control method of the moving region detection based on HEVC of the present invention based on frame differential method
The step flow chart of motion region detection method.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
It mutually combines, the application is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Frame differential method is to detect the region moved using the difference of two frame adjacent in image sequence or three frames.
Ideally, when the pixel value of background is constant, variation that the pixel value of the moving target of adjacent two frame of video occurs can be with
Directly subtracted each other by this two frame and is obtained.But in actual scene, since background illumination etc. changes, the difference result of background area may
It is not equal to 0 as moving region, it is therefore desirable to introduce threshold value and filter out the difference result of background area, when difference result is big
Moving region is just considered when threshold value.Frame differential method calculates simply, and can adapt to dynamic background variation.But this side
Method can only extract the boundary of moving region, cannot extract complete moving object.It can be seen that for only needing to detect fortune
Profile where dynamic region, simple frame differential method is appropriate selection.
In the video sequence, the more more prominent easier concern for attracting human eye of the motion feature of object.The image group of HEVC
(GOP) it is usually made of I frame, B frame and P frame, wherein I frame provides movement ginseng by the way of intraframe coding for subsequent B/P frame
It examines.If can detect moving region in I frame and be encoded to its emphasis, the video that Data Rate Distribution will be optimized and come out coding
More meet human eye Perception Features.
The present invention uses the thought of frame differential method, proposes a kind of moving region detection technique for HEVC, main
Process principle is as follows:
1. calculating brightness of each LCU relative to previous coding I frame same location in the I frame before encoding to I frame
The number for changing prominent pixel accounts for the ratio of entire LCU sum of all pixels, if the ratio is more than given threshold, so that it may which first step mark should
LCU is in moving region；Otherwise, then the LCU is marked to be in stagnant zone；
2. the moving region being marked in order to prevent is excessive, further devises threshold value restriction and be judged to moving region
The quantity of LCU.If LCU number for being judged as moving region in a frame is more than LCU sum certain proportion in frame, by foundation
Ratio contained by pixel variation projecting point carries out descending sort to these LCU in LCU, so that pixel is changed ratio contained by projecting point
The label of relatively low LCU is changed to general area.
When carrying out Video coding, since B/P frame is encoded using inter-frame prediction techniques, the information in I frame is used as
With reference to therefore, if visual attention location region detection and emphasis coding are carried out to I frame, so that the coding quality of human eye region-of-interest obtains
To raising, then the quality of the block made reference in subsequent B/P frame with the region can also get a promotion.In conjunction with base proposed by the present invention
In the moving region detection technique of frame differential method, the present invention proposes a kind of code rate control of moving region detection based on HEVC
Method, main flow principle are as follows:
1. according to the 1st GOP of process encoding of former HEVC encoder；
2., for each I frame, using the motor area proposed by the present invention based on frame differential method since the 2nd GOP
Each LCU is marked in domain detection technique, and there are three types of types, is respectively as follows: moving region, general area and quiescent centre
Domain；
It 3. adjusting the QP of the LCU according to the label of LCU in I frame, will be lowered, be marked labeled as the QP of the LCU of moving region
The QP for being denoted as the LCU of stagnant zone will be raised, and will be remained unchanged labeled as the QP of the LCU of general area；
4. encoding each LCU in I frame according to QP adjusted；
5. then being encoded according to the bit rate control method of former HEVC encoder for the B/P frame in GOP.
The present invention is applied in the video coding system in the case of middle low bit- rate.It is different from traditional coding method, this hair
It is bright intelligently to identify the region of human eye vision concern in the case where code rate is very limited and adjust the code rate of I frame LCU
Distribution, and then improve the picture quality of moving region in B/P frame, realize that the video for quickly, more meeting visual characteristics of human eyes is compiled
Code.
Embodiment 1
The present invention proposes code rate regulation-control model under the conditions of middle low bit- rate based on HEVC, which provides one kind and exist
The visual attention location region in video content can be detected under middle low bit- rate and realizes the coding method of more preferably visual quality, thus real
Now quick Data Rate Distribution optimization.The specific implementation method of the present invention is completed by following two step:
One, the moving region detection technique embodiment based on frame differential method, as shown in Figure 2:
Input: the luminance component Y of I frame to be encodediAnd its luminance component Y of previous encoded I framei-1
Output: I frame of the LCU with classification marker
1. initialisation structures space and variable；
2. seeking the absolute value matrix diff=of luminance difference | Yi-Yi-1|；
3. seeking maximum luminance difference y in diffMax；
4. according to formula T1=k1×yMaxAcquire threshold value T1, wherein k1For specified regulatory factor；
5. initializing Nm0It is 0；
6. executing following steps for each LCU:
(a) luminance difference of LCU is counted in diff is more than T1The number of value account for the ratio k of LCU sum of all pixels2；
(b) threshold value T is set2；
If (c) k2> T2, marking the LCU is moving region, Nm0Add 1；Otherwise, marking the LCU is stagnant zone；
7. if Nm0Greater than in the frame LCU sum 30%, by labeled as moving region and have minimum k2The LCU of value
Labeled as general area, and by Nm0Subtract 1；
8. step is repeated 7., until Nm0Less than or equal to 30% of LCU sum in the frame.
Two, the bit rate control method embodiment of the moving region detection based on HEVC, as shown in Figure 1:
1. initialisation structures space and variable；
2. pressing the 1st GOP of process encoding of original encoding device, and record I frame luminance component in the GOP；
3. executing step since the 2nd GOP 4. to 8.；
4. executing step 5. to 6. if present frame is I frame；
5. detecting the position of the LCU where movement using the moving region detection technique above-mentioned based on frame differential method
It sets；
6. executing following steps for each LCU:
(a) its QP is adjusted according to the label of LCU, specific as follows:
If i) label of LCU is, QP value reduces 2, and QP value adjusted is not less than 0；
Ii) if the label of LCU is, QP value increases by 5, and QP value adjusted is not more than 51；
(b) it is encoded using QP adjusted；
7. if present frame is not I frame, by the process encoding of original encoding device；
8. taking next frame to go to step 4., until all frame end-of-encodes in video.
Bit rate control method proposed by the present invention can be used in the various video coding systems based on HEVC standard.Here
Illustrate the effect of this bit rate control method by taking HM16.2 as an example.Using bit rate control method proposed by the present invention to HM16.2 into
Row improves, and has chosen 10 videos (its feature is as shown in table 1) altogether in A, B, C, D and F class standard test video and be used as
The performance verification of algorithm.It is configured in an experiment using Random Access Main Profile, coding structure is set as
IBBBBBBBIBBBBBBB ..., GOP are dimensioned to 8.For with the bit rate control method of HM16.2 carry out it is fair compared with, first
It closes code rate control to encode selected 10 test videos execution original HM16.2 code, each test video uses different
QP respectively encode four times.The reality output code rate obtained after coding reuses same configuration and executes respectively as target bit rate
The rate control algorithm of HM16.2 encodes these cycle tests with algorithm proposed by the present invention.It is adopted in other coding parameters
In the case where with default value, obtained coding result is as shown in table 2.
The feature of 1 cycle tests of table
The comparison of 2 code rate control result of table
From table 2 it can be seen that the code rate control of the actual bit rate ratio HM16.2 using the video of the mentioned algorithm coding of the present invention
Method processed averagely increases 0.55Kpbs, meanwhile, objective quality SSIM value of the encoded video at moving region averagely improves
0.00564675, and the overall objective quality SSIM value of encoded video is made averagely to improve 0.0012305.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understand, these embodiments can be carried out with a variety of equivalent changes without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention
Change, modification, replacement and variant, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of bit rate control method of the moving region detection based on HEVC, which comprises the steps of:
S1, according to the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder, encode the 1st GOP；
S2, since the 2nd GOP, for each I frame, using the moving region detection technique based on frame differential method to every
The LCU of one I frame is marked, and type includes moving region, general area and stagnant zone；Specifically:
S21, the I frame luminance component Y according to current GOPiWith the luminance component Y of the I frame of previous GOPi-1, calculate luminance difference absolute value
Matrix diff=| Yi-Yi-1|；
S22, maximum luminance difference y in diff is soughtMax；
S22, according to formula T1=k1×yMaxAcquire threshold value T1, wherein k1For the regulatory factor of setting；
S23, for each LCU, execute following steps: in diff, the luminance difference for counting LCU is more than T1The number of value accounts for
The ratio k of LCU sum of all pixels2, and threshold value T is set2；If k2> T2, then marking this LCU is moving region, to Nm0Add 1；Otherwise,
Marking this LCU is stagnant zone；
S24, in moving region, if Nm0Greater than 30% of LCU sum in the frame, then will there is minimum k in moving region2Value
LCU is labeled as general area, and by Nm0Subtract 1；
S25, step S24 is repeated, until Nm0Less than or equal to 30% of LCU sum in the frame；
S3, the QP that LCU is adjusted according to the LCU after being marked, lower the QP of the LCU labeled as moving region, up-regulation is labeled as
The QP of the LCU of stagnant zone remains unchanged the QP of the LCU labeled as general area；
S4, the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder is used to encode each LCU in I frame according to QP adjusted；
S5, in GOP B frame and P frame then encoded according to the bit rate control method of HEVC encoder.
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| CN109788288B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-04-16 | 清华大学 | Method and device for estimating I frame quantization step length in code rate control |
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