CN106602919B - Electric signal generating unit, electric signal generating array, carpet and method for generating direct current electric signal - Google Patents
Electric signal generating unit, electric signal generating array, carpet and method for generating direct current electric signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106602919B CN106602919B CN201510725223.9A CN201510725223A CN106602919B CN 106602919 B CN106602919 B CN 106602919B CN 201510725223 A CN201510725223 A CN 201510725223A CN 106602919 B CN106602919 B CN 106602919B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of friction power generation, and discloses an electric signal generating unit, an electric signal generating array and a method for generating a direct current electric signal, wherein the electric signal generating unit comprises: the power generation component is used for generating electric charge on the power generation component in the relative movement process with the moving component and forming corresponding induced potential, and the induced potential is changed along with the movement condition; and the power generation component is connected between the positive end of one unidirectional conduction component and the negative end of the other unidirectional conduction component and is used for generating a unidirectional flowing direct current signal in a loop along with the change of the induced potential when an external circuit is connected to form the loop. The power generation component of the electric signal generation unit can adopt any friction generator, and can output the alternating current signal generated by friction to a unidirectional direct current signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction power generation, in particular to an electric signal generating unit, an electric signal generating array, a carpet and a method for generating direct-current electric signals.
Background
At present, the output of a friction generator is alternating current pulse, if a direct current pulse is obtained, a rectifier bridge is required to be used for rectification, but the rectifier bridge is large in size and cannot be really integrated on a device, for example, a friction engine with a grid structure, when each grid structure output is required to be the direct current pulse, each grid is required to be connected with the rectifier bridge, and if hundreds of grids or thousands of grids are required, the required rectifier circuit is very large, so that the device structure is complex, and the device is not suitable for large-area preparation and large-scale grid connection. Furthermore, because the output of each segment of the triboelectric generator is an ac pulse and the periodicity is not fixed, integration is made more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric signal generating unit, an electric signal generating array, a carpet and a method for generating a direct current electric signal, which can regulate and control the bias and the opening and closing of a one-way conducting component through a variable electric field generated by friction charges and output the one-way direct current signal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric signal generating unit including: the power generation component is used for generating electric charge on the power generation component in the relative movement process with the moving component and forming corresponding induced potential, and the induced potential is changed along with the movement condition; and the power generation component is connected between the positive end of one unidirectional conduction component and the negative end of the other unidirectional conduction component and is used for generating a unidirectional flowing direct current signal in a loop along with the change of the induced potential when an external circuit is connected to form the loop.
When the moving component and the power generation component move relatively to change the induced potential on the power generation component, the electric signal generation unit outputs a unidirectional direct current electric signal through the unidirectional conduction component which is arranged at the two ends of the power generation component and is reversely connected, and the structure is simple.
The electric signal generating unit provided by the invention can be used as a power generating unit when the moving component and the power generating component move relatively, and can collect the moving mechanical energy of the moving component; the sensor can also be used as a sensing unit for the motion of a moving part and used as a self-driven passive sensing device.
The power generating component in the electrical signal generating unit of the present invention may be any conventional friction power generator, such as a contact-separation mode, a sliding mode, a single-electrode mode, or the like.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a first structural embodiment of an electrical signal generating unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an electrical signal generating unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of an electrode layer and a PN junction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the electrical signal generating unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of output signals when the moving member and the power generating member are relatively vertically moved;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of output signals when the moving member and the power generating member are relatively moved horizontally;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the operating characteristics of a one-way conducting component;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the electrode layer to a plurality of diodes;
FIGS. 9 a-9 e are schematic diagrams of parallel and/or series connections between a plurality of electrical signal generating units;
FIG. 10 is a schematic of the construction of a two-dimensional array carpet of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a test chart for the two-dimensional array of carpet shown in fig. 10.
Description of the reference numerals
1 moving part 2 Power Generation part
21 electrode layer 22 Friction layer
23 base layer 31 diode
32 PN junction 321N region
322P region 4 conductive line
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Directional phrases used in this disclosure, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," and the like, refer only to the orientation of the figure. Accordingly, the directional terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, the electrical signal generating unit of the present invention comprises a power generating component 2, for generating an electric charge on the power generating component 2 and forming a corresponding induced potential during the relative movement with a moving component 1, wherein the induced potential varies with the movement; and at least two unidirectional conducting components 3, wherein the power generation component 1 is connected between the positive end of one unidirectional conducting component 3 and the negative end of the other unidirectional conducting component 3 and is used for generating a unidirectional flowing direct current signal in a loop along with the change of the induced potential when an external circuit is connected to form the loop.
When the moving component and the power generation component move relatively to change the induced potential on the power generation component, the electric signal generation unit outputs a unidirectional direct current electric signal through the unidirectional conduction component which is arranged at the two ends of the power generation component and is reversely connected, and the electric signal generation unit is simple in structure, convenient to integrate and wide in application range.
Wherein, the contact surface of the moving part 1 and the power generation part 2 has a difference of a friction electrode sequence. In order to improve the performance of the output signal, the contact surface of the moving part 1 and/or the power generation part 2 may have a micro-nano structure layer.
As shown in fig. 7, the operating characteristics of the unidirectional conducting component 3 are: forward direction on and reverse direction off. The unidirectional conducting element 3 includes at least one of a diode 31 (as shown in fig. 1), a PN junction 32 (as shown in fig. 3), a schottky junction, and a MOS transistor, but is not limited thereto.
The power generating component 2 includes an electrode layer 21 (as shown in fig. 3), connected between two unidirectional conducting components 3, for generating triboelectric charges on the electrode layer 21 during the relative movement with the moving component 1. The invention can prepare PN junction 32 or Schottky junction on the electrode layer 21 by a film coating process. As shown in fig. 3, a layer of N region 321 or P region 322 may be formed at two ends of the electrode layer 21, and then a layer of the corresponding P region 322 or N region 321 is covered, so as to form a loop through the wire 4 and an external circuit. The conductive wire 4 may be a conductive cloth, a conductive adhesive, or a conductive plating layer, and an ohmic contact layer (for realizing a small resistance connection between a semiconductor material and metal) is provided between the PN junction and the conductive plating layer or the electrode layer 21, which is not shown here. The design can integrate the unidirectional conducting component and the power generating unit together and mutually share the electrode layer.
In addition, the number of the unidirectional conductive parts 3 in the present electric signal generating unit is not limited to two, and may be set to N (N ≧ 2) as long as the connection direction of at least two of them is opposite, as shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, a total of 5 diodes are provided.
Further, the power generation component further includes: and a friction layer 22 (shown in fig. 2) disposed on a surface of the electrode layer 21, for generating a friction charge on the friction layer 22 and generating an induced charge on the electrode layer 21 during a relative motion with the moving part 1. The friction layer 22 may be made of a polymer film. In addition, the power generation component 2 further includes a substrate layer 23 (as shown in fig. 3), and the electrode layer 21 is disposed on the substrate layer 23 for supporting the electrode layer 21. Wherein the substrate layer 23 is preferably a flexible material.
The relative movement of the moving member 1 and the power generating member 2 in the electric signal generating unit of the present invention may be at least one of: the moving member 1 and the power generation member 2 slide relatively in the horizontal direction, and the contact area changes (as shown in fig. 6); the moving member 1 and the power generating member 2 are relatively moved in the vertical direction with the vertical distance changed and/or constantly brought into and out of contact (as shown in fig. 5). And according to the representation of section c in fig. 5 and section c in fig. 6, there are two direct current pulses during one movement cycle.
The operation of the electrical signal generating unit of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4. In the present embodiment, the friction layer 22 is PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) which is easily negatively charged, but not limited thereto.
When the moving part 1 is in contact with the friction layer 22 as shown in part a of fig. 4, the moving part 1 is positively charged and the friction layer 22 is negatively charged, and at this time, no potential is induced on the surface of the electrode layer 21, and therefore no potential is applied to both ends of the PN junction 32 (as shown in part b of fig. 4).
When the moving member 1 is away from the friction layer 22 as shown in part c of fig. 4, the electric potential on the electrode layer 21 is small at this time, and the electrode layer 21 is at a negative electric potential with respect to the outside, assuming that the electric potential outside the electric signal generating unit is zero, so that the PN junction 32 on the left side is in a forward bias state, and the PN junction 32 on the right side is in a reverse bias state. Therefore, the P-band energy of the left PN junction 32 falls, the N-band energy rises, the P-band energy of the right PN junction 32 rises, and the N-band energy falls, which is like an "electron gate", so that electrons on the electrode layer 21 can flow through the left PN junction 32, the right PN junction 32 functions as a barrier, the left PN junction 32 is "open gate", the right PN junction 32 is "closed gate", and the driving force of the electron flow "comes from the induced potential on the electrode layer 21 and the potential difference between the P-band 322 of the left PN junction 32 and the N-band 321 of the right PN junction 32, and the electrons flow out from the electrode layer 21 through the left PN junction 32; as the moving part 1 moves away from the friction layer 22, the electrode layer 21 becomes positively charged, and the potential starts to increase and eventually reaches equilibrium. And the "electronic gate" of the left PN junction 32 changes from open to closed; the steepness of the "electron gate" of the right PN junction 32 is also reduced (as shown in section d of fig. 4).
As shown in part e of fig. 4, when the moving part 1 gradually approaches the friction layer 22, the induced potential of the electrode layer 21 increases and is positive with respect to the outside, and the outside potential is assumed to be zero, so that the left PN junction is reversely biased and the right PN junction is forwardly biased, so that the P-region band of the left PN junction rises, the N-region band falls, the P-region band of the right PN junction falls, and the N-region band rises, and the final effect is: the PN junction on the left side is an elevated "electron gate", and the PN junction on the right side is in an "open" state (as shown in part f in fig. 4), so electrons will flow into the electrode layer 21 from the outside through the PN junction on the right side, balancing the positive charge of the front belt of the electrode layer 21, and finally when the moving part 1 and the friction layer 22 are completely attached together, the energy belt reaches a balanced state, i.e. no electrons flow in and out, and returns to the part b in fig. 4.
In the electric signal generating unit, the power generating component can be in the structure or can be a friction generator with any existing structure, as long as friction charges can be generated under the action of external mechanical energy, the generated electric field can regulate and control the bias and the opening and closing of the one-way conducting component, the transport direction of induced charges generated by the friction generator can be managed, and the one-way transport of current is realized.
The friction generator can be a contact separation mode friction generator, a sliding mode friction generator or a single-electrode mode friction generator.
Preferably, the plurality of unidirectional conductive members are integrated with the power generating member, and may be, for example, made to share an electrode layer with each other.
As shown in fig. 9a to 9e, the present invention further provides a power generation array, wherein the power generation array includes a plurality of the electrical signal generating units, and each of the electrical signal generating units is connected in series and/or in parallel. The shape of the power generation array can be square, round, irregular and the like. The one-way conduction components connected in the forward direction are connected together through a lead to form a positive electrode, and the one-way conduction components connected in the reverse direction are connected together through a lead to form a negative electrode.
A plurality of the electric signal generating units may be arranged in a one-dimensional array to form a power generating array. The power generating unit in the electrical signal generating unit may be a strip shape, and the power generating units of the plurality of electrical signal generating units are arranged in parallel with each other.
In the power generation array with the structure, if the strip-shaped electrode layer is used as a power generation unit, the power generation array can be used for wave power generation, wind power generation and the like, and the moving parts blown by waves or wind sequentially rub the electrode layer (or a friction layer on the electrode layer) to generate and output direct current electric signals.
The power generation array with the structure is rolled up, if a strip-shaped electrode layer is used as a power generation unit, a cylindrical power generation array can be formed, when the moving part rotates in the cylindrical power generation array, the moving part sequentially rubs through the electrode layer to output continuous direct current signals, and the power generation array can be used for wind power generation and the like.
A plurality of the electric signal generating units may be arranged in a two-dimensional array to form a power generating array. The device is used for large-scale laying, can realize the acquisition of electric signals, and can be used for power generation or sensing. When the moving part moves between different electric signal generating units, the motion information of the moving part, such as motion speed, position and the like, can be sensed according to the position generated by the electric signal.
The moving part described herein may be any object that moves relative to the power generating part, such as a shoe when a person walks, or other moving objects.
Further, the present invention also provides a carpet (as shown in fig. 10) including the above-mentioned electric signal generating unit, or power generating array, for relatively moving the moving member (sole contacting with the carpet) and the power generating member in a vertical direction when a human body moves on the carpet. When the power generation components in the structures shown in fig. 1-4 are used in an array, the friction layers of a plurality of electrical signal generation units can be connected together to form a friction layer, so that contact friction electrification can be realized, the surface charge density can be increased, and the electrode layer can be protected. Wherein, the friction layer is preferably made of flexible material, can be made of protective film or fiber cloth, and is preferably made of Teflon.
Further, the local blanket further comprises a substrate, on which each of the electrical signal generating units is disposed, for providing support and protection for the electrical signal generating units. The electrode layers of the electric signal generating units are arranged on the substrate in a film coating mode, namely the substrates of the electric signal generating units are connected together. Wherein the substrate is preferably a flexible material. In the case where the base is included in the electric signal generating unit, the base of the power generating unit may be omitted if there is a common substrate in the power generating array.
As shown in fig. 11, when a human body moves on the carpet (as shown in part c of fig. 11), for example: walking, running, jumping or sliding, etc., the carpet of the present invention outputs different dc signals, respectively (as shown in a portion a of fig. 11).
The electric signal generating unit provided by the invention can be used as a power generating unit when the moving component and the power generating component move relatively, and can collect the moving mechanical energy of the moving component; the sensor can also be used as a sensing unit for the motion of a moving part and used as a self-driven passive sensing device.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. An electrical signal generating unit, characterized in that the electrical signal generating unit comprises:
the power generation component is used for relatively sliding with the moving component, changing the contact area between the power generation component and the moving component in the sliding process, and generating electric charges by the power generation component to form corresponding induced potential, wherein the induced potential is changed along with the sliding condition; and
the power generation component is connected between the positive end of one unidirectional conduction component and the negative end of the other unidirectional conduction component and is used for generating a unidirectional flowing direct current signal in a loop along with the change of the induction potential when an external circuit is connected to form the loop;
wherein the unidirectional conducting component and the power generating component are integrated together, sharing an electrode layer;
the power generation component includes:
an electrode layer connected between the two unidirectional conductive members;
and the friction layer is arranged on the surface of the electrode layer and used for generating friction charges on the friction layer and generating corresponding induced charges on the electrode layer in the relative sliding process of the friction layer and the moving part.
2. The electrical signal generating unit of claim 1, wherein the power generating means further comprises:
the substrate layer is provided with the electrode layer and used for supporting the electrode layer.
3. The electrical signal generating unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contact surfaces of the power generating member and the moving member have a difference in a triboelectric order.
4. The electrical signal generating unit of claim 1, wherein the power generating component is a friction generator having one output connected to a positive terminal of one of the unidirectional conducting components and another output connected between negative terminals of the other unidirectional conducting component; the friction generator is a sliding mode friction generator.
5. The electrical signal generating unit of claim 1, wherein the unidirectional conducting member comprises at least one of a PN junction, a schottky junction, a diode, and a MOS transistor.
6. An electricity generating array comprising a plurality of electrical signal generating units according to any one of claims 1 to 5, each of said electrical signal generating units being connected in series and/or in parallel.
7. The power generating array of claim 6, wherein a plurality of said electrical signal generating units are arranged in a one-dimensional array.
8. The power generation array of claim 6, wherein the power generation units of the electrical signal generation units are elongated, and the power generation units of a plurality of electrical signal generation units are arranged in parallel with each other.
9. The power generating array of claim 6, wherein a plurality of the electrical signal generating units are arranged in a two-dimensional array.
10. The power generation array of any of claims 7-9, wherein the electrical signal generating units comprise an electrode layer and a friction layer disposed on the electrode layer, the friction layers of a plurality of the electrical signal generating units being interconnected together.
11. The power generation array of claim 10, wherein the friction layer of the electrical signal generating unit is a flexible material.
12. The power generation array of claim 10, further comprising a substrate on which the electrical signal generating unit is disposed, the substrate being a flexible or rigid material.
13. A fiber-based carpet comprised of a two-dimensional array of power generating arrays, comprising: the electrical signal generating unit of any one of claims 1-5, or the power generating array of any one of claims 6-12, for generating the electrical signal when a human body moves on the carpet.
14. A method for generating direct current signals is characterized in that the method is suitable for a friction power generation device, and the bias and the opening and closing of a one-way conduction component are regulated and controlled through a variable electric field generated by friction charges generated by sliding in the friction power generation device, so that the transport direction of the generated induced charges is managed, and the one-way transport of current is realized;
wherein the triboelectric power generation device is the electric signal generating unit of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN201510725223.9A CN106602919B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Electric signal generating unit, electric signal generating array, carpet and method for generating direct current electric signal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112840552B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2024-04-05 | 新加坡国立大学 | Friction electric sensor and control system |
| CN111193429B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-04-02 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Friction nanometer generator, self-driven vector and direction sensor and system thereof |
| CN111305504A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-06-19 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Self-driven luminous floor, treading detection floor and people flow distribution monitoring system |
| CN110890849B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-10-16 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Display device and display method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104065297A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-09-24 | 北京大学 | Friction generator based on existing floors |
| CN104242723A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-24 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Single-electrode friction nanogenerator and generating method and self-driven tracking device |
| CN104769833A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-07-08 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Vibratory generator device and power source module |
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| US20150008797A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Trixcel, Llp | Nanometer electrical generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104769833A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-07-08 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Vibratory generator device and power source module |
| CN104242723A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-24 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Single-electrode friction nanogenerator and generating method and self-driven tracking device |
| CN104065297A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-09-24 | 北京大学 | Friction generator based on existing floors |
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