CN106602839A - Two-fluid generating device - Google Patents
Two-fluid generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106602839A CN106602839A CN201510685361.9A CN201510685361A CN106602839A CN 106602839 A CN106602839 A CN 106602839A CN 201510685361 A CN201510685361 A CN 201510685361A CN 106602839 A CN106602839 A CN 106602839A
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- liquid
- fluid container
- electrode
- working medium
- liquid metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/085—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators with conducting liquids
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric power generation, particularly to a two-fluid generating device comprising a fluid container, a liquid-driven working medium, liquid metal, a first electrode, a second electrode, a magnet, and a heating device. The fluid container is a sealed container made of an electrical insulating material; the liquid-driven working medium and the liquid metal are arranged in the fluid container; the liquid metal and the liquid-driven working medium are in contact; and the total volume of the liquid-driven working medium and the liquid metal is smaller than the capacity of the fluid container. According to the two-fluid generating device, the liquid-driven working medium is heated to be expanded or make steam and the liquid metal is driven to make motion of cutting magnetic induction lines of a magnet, thereby generating currents. Therefore, energy consumption of the generating device can be reduced and the generating efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power generation technical field, more particularly to a kind of two-fluid TRT.
Background technology
Liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic LMMHD (Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic) sends out
Electricity is according to faraday electromagnetic induction principle, using liquid metal conductor fluid in flow process
Middle cutting magnetic induction line produces electric current and is generated electricity.Main conversion process of energy in power generation process
For：Convert mechanical energy into electric energy.
Because liquid metal has the thermal conductivity far above water, air and many nonmetal mediums
Rate, and with mobility, thus it is made very small can TRT, it is possible to realize fast
Fast, efficient energy conversion, with substantial progress compared with traditional generation mode.So
And, drive liquid metal to there is certain technical difficulty.At present, liquid metal cutting magnetic is driven
The mode of sense line motion is mainly：Using gas-powered solid piston, liquid metal is made in solid
Move under the promotion of piston, cutting magnetic induction line produces electric current.However, being driven using solid piston
During dynamic liquid metal movement, piston can rub with the power channel wall of liquid metal
Wipe, increase the energy consumption of TRT, affect the generating efficiency of TRT.
The content of the invention
In order to reduce the energy consumption of TRT, the generating efficiency of TRT is improved, the present invention is carried
A kind of two-fluid TRT is supplied.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a kind of two-fluid TRT, including：Fluid container,
Liquid driven working medium, liquid metal, first electrode, second electrode, magnet and heater；
The fluid container be sealing container made by electrically insulating material, the liquid driven working medium
It is contained in the fluid container with the liquid metal；
The heater is with the position relationship of the liquid driven working medium：When described plus hot charging
When putting startup, the liquid driven working medium is expanded under the heat effect of the heater
Or boiling；
The magnet is arranged on the outer wall of the fluid container, and the magnet holds with the fluid
The position relationship of device is：When the liquid metal is moved in the fluid container, the liquid
The magnetic induction line of magnet described in state Metal Cutting；
The liquid driven working medium is less than the fluid container with the cumulative volume of the liquid metal
Volume；
The first electrode is relative with the second electrode, is separately positioned on the fluid container
On inwall, the position of the first electrode and the second electrode on the fluid container inwall
For：When the magnetic induction line that the liquid metal cuts the magnet produces induced-current, described the
One electrode derives the induced-current with the second electrode.
Further, the liquid driven working medium and institute are not filled by the cavity of the fluid container
The part for stating liquid metal is vacuum.
Further, the magnet is permanent magnet.
Further, the magnet is with the position relationship of the fluid container：When the liquid
When metal is moved in the fluid container, the magnetic of magnet described in the liquid metal perpendicular cuts
Sense line.
Further, the liquid metal is gallium or mercury；
The liquid driven working medium is fluorination liquid FC-87.
Further, the fluid container is fabricated from a flexible material.
Further, be provided with inside the fluid container for separate the liquid metal with it is described
The funnel of liquid driven working medium.
Further, the heater is electric heater, light heater or fuel heater.
Further, the first electrode and the second electrode are copper electrode.
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of generating set includes：
Two-fluid TRT described in first aspect.
The two-fluid TRT that the present invention is provided, is brought it about by heating liquid driven working medium
Expansion produces steam, drives liquid metal to make the motion of the magnetic induction line of cutting magnet, so as to
Produce induced-current.And drawn the induced-current for producing using first electrode and second electrode.
Because liquid drives working medium to have self-lubricating capacities, its frictional resistance with the inwall of fluid container
It is almost nil such that it is able to reduce the energy consumption of TRT, improve generating efficiency.
Description of the drawings
The structural representation of the two-fluid TRT that Fig. 1 is provided for first embodiment of the invention；
Structure when Fig. 2 works for the two-fluid TRT that first embodiment of the invention is provided is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 sends out for the fluid container that second embodiment of the invention is provided for the two-fluid of loop configuration
The structural representation of electric installation；
Fig. 4 sends out for the fluid container that second embodiment of the invention is provided for the two-fluid of loop configuration
The structural representation of the cross section of electric installation；
The fluid container that Fig. 5 is provided for third embodiment of the invention for spiral-shaped structure two-fluid
The structural representation of TRT；
The fluid container that Fig. 6 is provided for third embodiment of the invention for spiral-shaped structure two-fluid
The structural representation of the cross section of TRT；
The two-fluid of funnel is provided with inside the fluid container that Fig. 7 is provided for fourth embodiment of the invention
The structural representation of TRT；
The two-fluid of funnel is provided with inside the fluid container that Fig. 8 is provided for fourth embodiment of the invention
Structural representation when TRT works；
The structural representation of the generating set that Fig. 9 is provided for fifth embodiment of the invention；
The top view of the generating set that Figure 10 is provided for fifth embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following reality
Apply example to be only used for clearly illustrating technical scheme, and this can not be limited with this
The protection domain of invention.
The first embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of two-fluid TRT, as shown in figure 1,
Including：
Fluid container 1, first electrode 2, second electrode 3, magnet 4, liquid metal 5, liquid
Drive working medium 6 and heater 7；Fluid container 1 is sealing container made by electrically insulating material,
Liquid driven working medium 6 and liquid metal 5 are contained in fluid container 1；Liquid metal 5 drives with liquid
Matter of starting building 6 is contacted；Heater 7 is with the position relationship of liquid driven working medium 6：When plus hot charging
When putting 7 startup, liquid driven working medium 6 expand under the heat effect of heater 7 or
Boiling；Magnet 4 is arranged on the outer wall of fluid container 1, and magnet 4 is closed with the position of fluid container 1
It is to be：When liquid metal 5 is moved in fluid container 1, liquid metal 5 cuts the magnetic of magnet 4
Sense line；Liquid driven working medium 6 is less than the volume of fluid container 1 with the cumulative volume of liquid metal 5；
First electrode 2 is relative with second electrode 3, is separately positioned on the inwall of fluid container 1, first
The position of electrode 2 and second electrode 3 on the inwall of fluid container 1 is：When liquid metal 5 cuts magnetic
When the magnetic induction line of body 4 produces induced-current, first electrode 2 derives the sensing with second electrode 3
Electric current.
As shown in Fig. 2 when heater assembly 7 starts, the generation of being heated of liquid driven working medium 6 is swollen
Swollen or boiling.A large amount of bubbles and steam can be produced when liquid driven working medium 6 is seethed with excitement.Liquid
Metal 5 under the impetus of the expansion of liquid driven working medium 6, or in bubble and the arteries and veins of steam
Move upwards in fluid container 1 under dynamic impact.Fluid container 1 is reached when liquid metal 5 is driven
Top when, bottom is fallen back under gravity, afterwards again in liquid driven working medium 6
Impetus under move upwards in fluid container 1, such liquid metal 5 is constantly made upwards
With the reciprocating motion for dropping back into, the magnetic induction line generation alternating current of magnet 4 is cut in motion process.
First electrode 2 derives the alternating current for producing with second electrode 3.
The two-fluid TRT that the present invention is provided, by heating liquid driven working medium 6 liquid is driven
State metal 5 is moved upwards in fluid container 1；Fluid container 1 is reached when liquid metal 5 is driven
Top when, bottom is dropped back under gravity, drive in liquid driven working medium 6 again afterwards
Action is moved upwards under using in fluid container 1, and such liquid metal 5 is constantly made upwards and fallen
The reciprocating motion returned, the magnetic induction line that magnet 4 is cut in motion process produces alternating current, and
Derived with second electrode 3 using first electrode 2.Liquid drives working medium 6 to serve flexible work
The effect of plug.Because liquid drives working medium 6 to have self-lubricating capacities, its with fluid container 1 in
The frictional resistance of wall is almost nil such that it is able to reduce the energy consumption of TRT, improves the effect that generates electricity
Rate.Additionally, the two-fluid TRT that the present invention is provided can realize prime mover with generator
Integration, improves the simplification and reliability of operation of generating device structure.This device mechanical
Rotatable parts, therefore be hardly damaged, stable performance, can in combination with various flow lines,
With the more complicated flowing of realization and generating function.
In the specific implementation, the cross section of fluid container 1 can be circular, oval, triangle
Shape, rectangle or other polygons.First electrode 2 can be parallel with the relation of second electrode 3
Relation.First electrode 2 and second electrode 3 can be symmetrically close on the inwall of fluid container 1.
Heater 7 can be arranged on the outside of the bottom of fluid container 1, it is also possible to be arranged on fluid appearance
The inside of the bottom of device 1, but the outside that heater 7 is arranged on the bottom of fluid container 1 can
To avoid the liquid body of heater 7 from driving the impact of working medium 6.
In the specific implementation, fluid container 1 can be heat-resisting electrically insulating material, and it is in liquid
More than the boiling point for driving working medium 6 can keep heat resistance.In the specific implementation, fluid container 1
Can be glass, heat resistant plastice, epoxy resin, silica or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).Liquid
Metal 5 can for gallium, gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, bismuth indium stannum alloy, mercury and other
The metal of low melting point or its alloy.Liquid driven working medium 6 can be fluorination liquid FC-87, fluorination liquid
FC-72 and fluorination liquid R-113, or other lower boiling fluids.The boiling point of FC-87 is 30 DEG C,
56 DEG C of the boiling point of FC-72 is that the boiling point of R-113 is 48 DEG C.Due to the density one of liquid metal 5
As all than larger, in order that liquid driven working medium 6 easily drives liquid metal 5, liquid metal
5 volume can be less than the volume of liquid driven working medium 6.
In the specific implementation, liquid driven working medium 6 and liquid are not filled by the cavity of fluid container 1
The part of metal 5 is vacuum.
It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, can not only avoids liquid metal 5 by the oxygen in air
Oxidation, and resistance when liquid metal 5 is moved in fluid container 1 can be reduced.
In the specific implementation, magnet 4 is permanent magnet.
In the specific implementation, magnet 4 can be neodymium iron boron magnetic body, ferrimagnet, cobalt nickel
It is magnet, nanometer neodymium iron boron magnetic body, nanometer ferrite magnet, nanometer cobalt nickel magnet, ferromagnetic
Body, cobalt magnet, or nickel magnet.
It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, the stability of TRT can be increased, extends it and use
Life-span.
In the specific implementation, magnet 4 can be with the position relationship of fluid container 1：When liquid gold
Category 5 makees the magnetic of cutting magnet 4 under the expansion of liquid driven working medium 6 or the impetus of steam
During the motion of sense line, the magnetic induction line of the perpendicular cuts magnet 4 of liquid metal 5.
It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, liquid metal 5 can be made to make the magnetic induction line of cutting magnet 4
The variable quantity of magnetic flux during motion reaches maximum, produces more induced-currents, improves and generates electricity
Efficiency.
In the specific implementation, liquid metal 5 can be gallium or mercury；
Liquid driven working medium 6 can be fluorination liquid FC-87.
Gallium and mercury are liquid under normal temperature.It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, in human body temperature scope
Interior TRT just can generate electricity such that it is able to realize portable wearable generating equipment.
In the specific implementation, fluid container 1 can be fabricated from a flexible material.
It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, it is possible to achieve flexible generator.
In the specific implementation, can be provided with inside fluid container 1 for separating liquid metal 5 and liquid
Body drives the funnel of working medium 6.
It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, the stability of TRT can be improved.
In the specific implementation, heater 7 can add for electric heater, light heater, fuel
The heater of hot device or other forms.When heater 7 is electric heater, can adopt
Resistance wire or heating wire realize the heating to liquid driven working medium 6.When heater 7 adds for light
Can be the solar heater constituted using concentrator and tracking system during hot device.
It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, the energy of multi-form can be converted into electric energy, can
Increase the range of application of two-fluid TRT, further, it is also possible to expand its working range, make
It goes for low-grade pre- heat utilization or industrial generation field.
In the specific implementation, first electrode 2 and second electrode 3 can be copper electrode.Concrete
During enforcement, first electrode 2 and second electrode 3 can also be electrode made by other materials, for example
First electrode 2 and second is prepared with conductive materials such as the metals such as gold, silver, titanium, nickel or graphite
Electrode 3.
The second embodiment of the present invention provides fluid container 1 for the two-fluid generating of loop configuration
Device.As shown in figure 3, the fluid container 1 of loop configuration, including：First surface 11, second
Surface 12, first annular wall 13, the second annular wall 14.First surface 11 and second surface 12
On be designed with magnet 4.The cross section of the inner chamber of fluid container 1 be circle, ellipse, rectangle, three
It is angular, or other polygons.First electrode 2 and second electrode 3 are all annular electrode.First
Electrode 2 is arranged in fluid container 1, is specifically located on the inner side of first annular wall 13, second
Electrode 3 is arranged in fluid container 1, is specifically located on the inner side of the second annular wall 14.Heating
Device 7 is arranged on the outside of fluid container 1, can specifically be arranged on the outside of first annular wall 13
On, it is also possible to it is arranged on the outside of the second annular wall 14.
As shown in figure 4, when heater 7 starts, liquid driven working medium 6 is heated and is expanded
Or boiling.A large amount of bubbles and steam, liquid gold can be produced when liquid driven working medium 6 is seethed with excitement
Category 5 under the impetus of the expansion of liquid driven working medium 6, or in the pulsation of bubble and steam
Circle in fluid container 1 under impact, and the magnetic strength of magnet 4 is cut in motion process
Line produces induced-current.First electrode 2 derives the induced-current for producing with second electrode 3.
The third embodiment of the present invention provides fluid container 1 for the two-fluid of spiral-shaped structure
Electric installation, as shown in Figure 5.Magnet 4 is bar magnet.Fluid container 1 is wrapped on magnet 4.Heating
Device 7 is arranged on the outer wall of fluid container 1.
In the specific implementation, fluid container 1 can be fabricated directly into spiral-shaped structure, also may be used
To prepare fluid container 1 using flexible material, then by the coiling type of fluid container 2.
As shown in fig. 6, when under driving of the liquid metal 5 in liquid driven working medium 6 by fluid hold
When the bottom up of device 1 is moved, cutting magnetic induction line produces induced-current.When liquid metal 5 is arrived
Up to after the top of fluid container 1, fall after rise under gravity, again cutting magnetic induction line.Such as
The reciprocating motion that this liquid metal 5 is constantly made upwards and dropped back into, cuts in motion process
The magnetic induction line of magnet 4 produces induced-current.The sense that first electrode 2 will be produced with second electrode 3
Induced current is derived.
The fourth embodiment of the present invention to be provided and be provided with funnel 8 inside a kind of fluid container 1
Two-fluid TRT is as shown in Figure 7.It is difficult because liquid metal 5 has very high surface tension
So that by the narrowed exits of funnel 8, the structure of this divergence type realizes liquid metal 5 and liquid
Drive the separation of working medium 6.
As shown in figure 8, swollen when occurring under heat effect of the liquid driven working medium 6 in heater 7
During swollen or boiling, liquid metal 5 is moved upwards under the expansion of liquid driven working medium 6, or
The steam that person produces when liquid driven working medium 6 is seethed with excitement makes the pressure liter inside fluid container 1
Height, promotes liquid metal 5 to move upwards.Occur when steam reaches 1 top of fluid container cold
It is solidifying, the motive force of liquid metal 5 is reduced, and due to the Action of Gravity Field of liquid metal 5, liquid
Drop back under state metal 5 in funnel 8, so just make liquid metal 5 all the time with liquid driven working medium 6
Separate.Increased the stability and reliability of two-fluid TRT.
In the specific implementation, it is also possible to separate liquid metal 5 and liquid driven using additive method
Working medium 6.For example, can make inner chamber and there is the bottom of funnel 8 according to the volume of liquid metal 5
The fluid container 1 of structure, or fluid container 1 is made using flexible material, according to liquid metal
5 height in fluid container 1, clamp fluid container 1 neat with the height of liquid metal 5 using fixture
Flat position, so as to realize that liquid metal 5 is separated with liquid driven working medium 6.
The fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of generating set, as shown in figure 9, including：
Two-fluid TRT described in substrate 9 and any of the above-described embodiment.In the specific implementation,
The quantity of the two-fluid TRT that the generating set includes can be one or more.
As shown in Figure 10, the cross section of fluid container 1 can be circle, and fluid container 1 can be in substrate
It is distributed in array fashion on 1.Magnet 4 is arranged on the both sides of fluid container 1.
In the specific implementation, the relation between each two-fluid TRT can be series connection, such as
This can increase generating capacity, to need high-tension electrical equipment to provide electric energy.Concrete real
Shi Shi, the relation between each two-fluid TRT can be：There is the double fluid of predetermined number
The relation of body TRT is series connection.It is so designed that and is advantageous in that, can as needed simultaneously
Power for multiple electrical equipments.In the specific implementation, two-fluid TRT is on substrate 9
Distribution mode and quantity can depend on the circumstances.In the specific implementation, increase two-fluid to generate electricity
The quantity of device can also increase generating capacity.In the specific implementation, liquid driven working medium 6 can
Think the fluid of the close body surface temperature of boiling point, for example, be fluorinated liquid FC-87, so can be by
The generating set is fabricated to makes wearable body surface generating set, is the electricity consumption provider of people
Just.In the specific implementation.Glass, heat resistant plastice, epoxy resin, silica can be adopted
Or the electrically insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) prepares substrate 1, heater 7 can add for solar energy
Hot device, so not only can whenever and wherever possible provide the user electric energy, and more environmentally-friendly.In tool
When body is implemented, the generating set can be applied in travel charger for mobile phone.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for this technology neck
For the those of ordinary skill in domain, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, can be with
Some improvements and modifications are made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of two-fluid TRT, it is characterised in that include：Fluid container, liquid
Drive working medium, liquid metal, first electrode, second electrode, magnet and heater；
The fluid container be sealing container made by electrically insulating material, the liquid driven working medium
It is contained in the fluid container with the liquid metal；
The heater is with the position relationship of the liquid driven working medium：When described plus hot charging
When putting startup, the liquid driven working medium is expanded under the heat effect of the heater
Or boiling；
The magnet is arranged on the outer wall of the fluid container, and the magnet holds with the fluid
The position relationship of device is：When the liquid metal is moved in the fluid container, the liquid
The magnetic induction line of magnet described in state Metal Cutting；
The liquid driven working medium is less than the fluid container with the cumulative volume of the liquid metal
Volume；
The first electrode is relative with the second electrode, is separately positioned on the fluid container
On inwall, the position of the first electrode and the second electrode on the fluid container inwall
For：When the magnetic induction line that the liquid metal cuts the magnet produces induced-current, described the
One electrode derives the induced-current with the second electrode.
2. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fluid container
Cavity in be not filled by the part of the liquid driven working medium and the liquid metal be vacuum.
3. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnet is for forever
Long magnet.
4. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnet and institute
The position relationship for stating fluid container is：When the liquid metal is moved in the fluid container
When, the magnetic induction line of magnet described in the liquid metal perpendicular cuts.
5. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the liquid metal
For gallium or mercury；
The liquid driven working medium is fluorination liquid FC-87.
6. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fluid container
It is fabricated from a flexible material.
7. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fluid container
Inside is provided with the funnel for separating the liquid metal and the liquid driven working medium.
8. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the heater
For electric heater, light heater or fuel heater.
9. TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first electrode
Copper electrode is with the second electrode.
10. a kind of generating set, it is characterised in that include：Any one of claim 1-9 institute
The two-fluid TRT stated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510685361.9A CN106602839B (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2015-10-20 | A kind of two-fluid power generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510685361.9A CN106602839B (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2015-10-20 | A kind of two-fluid power generator |
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| CN106602839A true CN106602839A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
| CN106602839B CN106602839B (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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| CN201510685361.9A Active CN106602839B (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2015-10-20 | A kind of two-fluid power generator |
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| CN107994756A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-04 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of heat seeking energy collecting device |
| CN108436744A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-08-24 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of continually changing liquid metal burnishing device of electric field |
| CN108673330A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of field rotation type blade liquid metal burnishing device |
| CN109958594A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-07-02 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of capillary pipe differential temperature electricity generating system and its electricity-generating method |
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| CN109958594A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-07-02 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of capillary pipe differential temperature electricity generating system and its electricity-generating method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106602839B (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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