CN106600040B - Method for predicting dynamic development height of roof caving zone with structural rock in immediate roof - Google Patents

Method for predicting dynamic development height of roof caving zone with structural rock in immediate roof Download PDF

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CN106600040B
CN106600040B CN201611096983.9A CN201611096983A CN106600040B CN 106600040 B CN106600040 B CN 106600040B CN 201611096983 A CN201611096983 A CN 201611096983A CN 106600040 B CN106600040 B CN 106600040B
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武亚峰
刘阳军
孙利辉
张振金
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Inner Mongolia Yitai Guanglian Coalification Co ltd
Inner Mongolia Yitai Coal Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for predicting the dynamic development height of a caving zone, which is suitable for predicting the height of the caving zone of a large mining height working face of a thick coal seam and has a structural rock stratum in a direct roofStraight barMainly comprises the following steps: judging a key layer; judging the number of layers of the overburden stratum; when t is1＜tm′Then, the key layer is positioned in the crack zone, and the calculated falling height is H4(ii) a When t ism′+1＜tiStructural rock formationStraight barIn the caving zone, calculating the caving height as H5(ii) a When t isi+1＜tjStructural rock formationBase ofIn the bending subsidence zone, calculating the height of the falling6(ii) a When t isj+1＜tnIn the time, the total subsidence time period of the caving zone is calculated, and the height of the caving zone in the goaf is H7(ii) a The method considers the dead weight compression performance of the caving gangue caused by the large caving space of the goaf and the time sequence of the caving zone and the mining, divides the dynamic distribution of the caving zone into four stages for analysis, calculation and prediction, can accurately reflect the caving zone of the large-mining-height working face, and provides a basis for support model selection, coal mining process design, roof water damage prevention and control and the like.

Description

Method for predicting dynamic development height of roof caving zone with structural rock in immediate roof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for determining the dynamic development height of a caving zone of a large mining height working face of a thick coal seam of a coal mine, which is particularly suitable for determining the dynamic development height of a caving zone of a structural rock stratum in the immediate roof of a weakly consolidated formation in western and northwest mining areas of China.
Background
In the coal mining process, the movement of the rock stratum above the stope is generally divided into three zones of caving, cracking and bending sinking according to the movement amplitude and the damage degree. The caving zone means that through fracture occurs in a rock stratum, rock blocks are stacked irregularly after falling, only the extrusion effect of gravity exists between the rock blocks, and the weight of the stacked rock blocks needs to be completely borne by the lower supporting body. The fractured zone is that the deformation of the rock layer above the caving zone is large, penetrating fracture may occur in the rock layer, but sinking rock blocks are arranged regularly, large horizontal extrusion force exists between the rock blocks, the transmission of horizontal force can be kept, and a support scheme of 'give' or 'resist' can be adopted for the weight of the part of the rock blocks according to the requirement of strong support. The bending subsidence zone is positioned above the fracture zone, the rock stratum belongs to micro-deformation, and the weight of the part of the rock stratum is basically not considered in the mining support.
In mining, the caving zone needs the manual support body to completely support the weight of the caving zone, so that the method has important significance for determining the height and the structure of the caving zone. The traditional determination method is generally determined by the multiple relation of mining height, and the structure and the thickness of the overlying rock stratum are considered less, so that the traditional caving zone determination method has a determination error which cannot be ignored, further the determination result is inaccurate, the construction of an artificial support body is difficult, and the safety of mine operation is influenced; on the other hand, the traditional judgment method cannot consider the complexity of the change of the rock stratum at the stope and cannot adapt to different stratum conditions.
The traditional method for calculating the height of the caving zone of the working face is generally suitable for the working face with the mining height less than 3.5m, certain errors exist in the determination of the height of the caving zone of the working face with the large mining height, and the errors are larger along with the increase of the mining height.
The traditional empirical formula is established only by taking lithologic strength as a single index, and the linear relation between the mining height and the caving zone is obtained; the caving zone height does not reflect a correlation with the mining time, and in fact the caving zone development height is closely correlated with time.
The caving zone height relates to support model selection, coal mining process design, roof water damage prevention and control and safe and efficient mining of a working face, so that the caving zone height of the working face with large mining height can be accurately mastered, and the safe and ordered mining of the working face can be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for predicting the dynamic development height of the caving zone of the structural rock stratum in the immediate roof, which is suitable for predicting the height of the caving zone of the working face with the large mining height of the thick coal seam, can accurately master the distribution condition of the caving zone in the whole period from the mining initial stage of the working face to the stabilization of the goaf, and provides guidance for bracket model selection, coal mining process design and roof water damage prevention and control.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for predicting the dynamic development height of the roof caving zone with the structural rock in the immediate roof is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the prediction method comprises the following steps:
⑴, drilling before mining to obtain geological data of a mining area;
⑵, judging whether there is structural rock stratum in the immediate roof according to the geological data of the mining areaStraight bar；
⑶, step ⑵ determines that there is a structural formation in the immediate roofStraight barAccording to geological data of the mining area, a structural rock stratum of the basic roof is calculated and judged by applying a key layer theoryBase ofDetermining structural strata in the immediate roof as the main key stratumStraight barIs a sub-critical layer;
⑷, judging whether the overlying strata of the coal mining working face are divided into direct top lower weak strata and structural strata from bottom to top according to geological data of a mining area and a key layer theoryStraight barDirect roof weak rock formation and structural rock formationBase ofAnd follow-up strata, and determining the thickness h of the direct lower-roof weak strata1Structural rock formationStraight barThickness h of2Direct top weak rock layer h3Structural rock formationBase ofThickness h of4And thickness h of the follower rock layer5；
(5) According to geological data of the mining area, the initial breaking expansion coefficient K of the falling gangue directly jacked on the upper and lower weak rock stratums is judgedpThe value range of (A) is 1.3-1.5;
⑹, judging the mining speed of the coal face according to the geological data and the design scheme of the mining area;
⑺ determining structural strata according to mining speed of coal faceStraight barAnd/or structural rock formationsBase ofThe position of the rock layer above the goaf is judged to be connectedStructural rock formationStraight barAnd structural rock formationBase ofThe method comprises the following steps of (1) calculating the height of a goaf caving zone by using the breaking time t, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
①, when t is1＜tm′T represents time, and m' is a positive integer, the structural rock formationStraight barA stratum crack zone above the goaf, a structural stratum in the periodStraight barBefore breaking, directly pushing the soft rock stratum at the lower part of the roof to fall off, and after the fall off of the soft rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof is completed, wherein t1Indicating the time of the first day of the coal face to begin mining, tm’Representing structural rock formationsStraight barThe time of breakage is calculated and predicted that the caving zone height of the goaf is H4；
②, when t ism′+1＜tiWhen i is a positive integer and i is not less than m', the structural rock stratumStraight barLocated in the rock stratum caving zone above the goaf, and structural rock stratum is in the time periodStraight barBreaking, applying impact load to caving gangue at the lower part of the goaf, and simultaneously carrying out the process of caving along with the overlying weak rock stratum, namely the structural rock stratumStraight barAfter the fracture and the overlying direct roof upper soft rock stratum follow-up caving are completed, calculating and predicting the goaf caving zone height to be H5；
③, when t isi+1＜tjWhen j is a positive integer and j is not less than i and not less than m', the structural rock stratumBase ofThe rock stratum is located in the curved subsidence zone above the goaf, and the structural rock stratum is located in the time zoneBase ofBreaking, applying load to caving gangue and following the rock stratum to form structural rock stratumBase ofAfter the fracture and the follow-up rock stratum follow-up caving are completed, the height of a goaf caving zone is calculated and predicted to be H6；
④, when t isj+1＜tnWhen n is a positive integer and n is more than or equal to j, the caving zone is wholly sunk in the time period until the process of stable sinking stop is carried out, and after the whole sinking, the height of the caving zone of the predicted goaf is calculated and calculated to be H7。
Further, step ⑺① is H4The expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000031
height H of a caving zone indicating the formation of a weak rock formation caving in the lower part of the immediate roof4The difference between the thickness of the falling gangue formed by the falling of the weak rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof and the self-weight compression deformation of the falling gangue; the dead weight compression deformation of the falling gangue is calculated by calculating the unit weight gamma of the falling gangue1And compression modulus of falling gangue Et *The formula is substituted:
Figure GDA0002304162360000041
and calculating the dead weight compression deformation of the falling gangue.
Further, step ⑺② shows H5The expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000042
representing structural rock formationsStraight barAnd the height H of the caving zone formed by the broken and caving of the soft rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof5Is H4And structural rock formationStraight barThickness h of2And subtracting t from the sum of the thicknesses of the falling gangue formed by the falling of the weak rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roofm′+1＜tiThe sum of t and the impact compression amount of the falling gangue subjected to the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time periodm′+1＜tiValue of cumulative compression amount over time period, △ H in the equation4tRepresents the cumulative amount of compression; the dynamic load impact compression amount of the rock burst under the overburden stratum is calculated by tm′+1＜tiVolumetric structural formation over a period of timeStraight barWeight QzjWhen broken, structural rock formationStraight barWhen the initial speed is 0, according to FdIs a structural rock formationStraight barThe impact load resulting from the fracture is expressed as:
Figure GDA0002304162360000043
wherein v is velocity and g is gravitational acceleration m/s2；ΔstAllowing the sinking amount for the top plate instantly;
from FdThe expression shows that the impact load is not less than 2 times of the structural rock stratum in valueStraight barWeight, structural rock formation after fractureStraight barWhen the initial speed is 0, taking the structural rock stratum with the impact load of 2 timesStraight barThe impact load has larger influence on the compression deformation of the lower caving gangue;
structural rock formationStraight barThe impact load is applied to the lower caving gangue to cause the deformation of the lower caving gangue to obey Hooke's law, and the dynamic load of the overlying strata comprises structural strataStraight barThe impact load and the follow-up load of the soft rock stratum on the direct top are obtained by following the weight Q of the soft rock stratum on the direct topzsThe collapse gangue is impacted and compressed by the dynamic load of the overlying rock layer:
Figure GDA0002304162360000051
further, step ⑺③ shows H5The expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000052
representing structural rock formationsBase ofHeight H of collapse zone formed by fracture and follow-up rock formation follow-up collapse6Is a structural rock formationStraight barAnd the height H of the caving zone formed by the broken and caving of the soft rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof5Subtracting the unit weight gamma of the i +1 th day of the lower caving gangue by calculationi+1To obtain ti+1＜tjSubtracting the dead weight compression deformation of the lower caving gangue in the time period by calculating the weight Q of the basic roof and the overlying following rock stratumldTo obtain ti+1＜tjAnd (4) impacting the compression amount of the caving gangue by the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time period.
Further, said H7The expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000053
height H of falling zone indicating formation of overall subsidence7Is a structural rock formationBase ofHeight H of collapse zone formed by fracture and follow-up rock formation follow-up collapse6Subtracting the unit weight gamma of the lower caving gangue calculated in the m + i +1 th daym+i+1To obtain tj+1＜tnSubtracting the dead weight compression deformation of the lower caving gangue in the time period by calculating the weight Q of the basic roof and the overlying following rock stratumldTo obtain tj+1＜tnAnd impacting and compressing the lower caving gangue by the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time period.
Advantageous effects
The method for predicting the dynamic development of the caving zone of the large-mining-height working face has the advantages that the dead weight compression performance of the caving gangue and the time sequence of the caving zone and mining caused by the large caving space of the goaf are considered, the distribution of the caving zone is divided into four stages of direct roof internal structure rock stratum breaking, basic roof breaking and integral compaction for analysis and calculation to predict the height, so that the caving zone of the large-mining-height working face can be accurately determined, and bases are provided for bracket model selection, coal mining process design, roof water damage prevention and control and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a model of the present invention for the distribution of the caving zone of a directly topped structural formation;
FIG. 2 is a dynamic profile of a caving zone with a structural formation in the immediate roof of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further explained by taking the practical application of the method in the large mining height working face mining as an example with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, pre-mining borehole survey data for north mining areas of a coal mine show structural strata in the immediate roofStraight bar(ii) a According to the data of the drilling data, the key layer theory calculation is applied to know that the basic top 10m thick fine sandstone is the main keyLayer, essentially top of structural rock formationBase ofThe fine sandstone of 5.5m in the direct roof is a structural rock stratumStraight barStructural rock formationStraight barIs a sub-critical layer; according to the key layer theory, the overlying strata of the coal face are divided into a direct top lower portion weak stratum and a structural stratum from bottom to topStraight barDirect roof weak rock formation and structural rock formationBase ofAnd follow-up strata, and determining the thickness h of the direct lower-roof weak strata1Structural rock formationStraight barThickness h of2Direct top weak rock layer h3Structural rock formationBase ofThickness h of4And thickness h of the follower rock layer5(ii) a According to geological data of a mining area, the initial breaking expansion coefficient K of the falling gangue directly jacked on the upper and lower weak rock stratums is judgedpThe value range of (A) is 1.3-1.5; judging the mining speed of the coal face to be 3m/d according to the geological data and the design scheme of the mining area; judging the structural rock stratum according to the mining speed of the coal faceStraight barAnd/or structural rock formationsBase ofDetermining the structural rock stratum at the position of the rock stratum above the goafStraight barAnd structural rock formationBase ofThe method comprises the following steps of (1) calculating the height of a goaf caving zone by using the breaking time t, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
①, when t is1＜tm′T represents time, and m' is a positive integer, the structural rock formationStraight barA stratum crack zone above the goaf, a structural stratum in the periodStraight barBefore breaking, directly pushing the soft rock stratum at the lower part of the roof to fall off, and after the fall off of the soft rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof is completed, wherein t1Time to start mining for the first day of the coal face, tm’Is a structural rock formationStraight barThe breaking time is calculated, and the caving height of the goaf is H4；
②, when t ism′+1＜tiWhen i is a positive integer and i is not less than m', the structural rock stratumStraight barLocated in the rock stratum caving zone above the goaf, and structural rock stratum is in the time periodStraight barBreaking, applying impact load to caving gangue at the lower part of the goaf, and simultaneously carrying out the process of caving along with the overlying weak rock stratum, namely the structural rock stratumStraight barIs broken andafter the overlying weak rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof is followed and caving is finished, calculating the caving height of the goaf to be H5；
③, when t isi+1＜tjWhen j is a positive integer and j is not less than i and not less than m', the structural rock stratumBase ofThe rock stratum is located in the curved subsidence zone above the goaf, and the structural rock stratum is located in the time zoneBase ofBreaking, applying load to caving gangue and following the rock stratum to form structural rock stratumBase ofAfter the fracture and the follow-up rock stratum follow-up caving are completed, calculating the caving height of the goaf as H6；
④, when t isj+1＜tnWhen n is a positive integer and n is more than or equal to j, the caving zone is wholly sunk in the time period until the process of stable sinking stop is carried out, and after the whole sinking, the height of the caving zone in the goaf is calculated to be H7；
Calculating the caving zone of the working face by using the condition of the structural rock stratum in the immediate roof, and firstly calculating and predicting the height H of the caving zone4By the value of (A) through the value of H4The expression of (2) is calculated and obtained, and the expression is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000071
height H of falling zone formed by falling of weak rock stratum at lower part of direct roof4The difference between the thickness of the falling gangue formed by the falling of the weak rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof and the self-weight compression deformation of the falling gangue; the dead weight compression deformation of the falling gangue is calculated by calculating the unit weight gamma of the falling gangue1And compression modulus of falling gangue Et *The formula is substituted:
Figure GDA0002304162360000081
calculating the dead weight compression deformation of the falling gangue;
second step, calculating and predicting the height H of the falling zone5By the value of (A) through the value of H5The expression of (2) is calculated and obtained, and the expression is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000082
structural rock formationStraight barAnd the height H of the caving zone formed by the broken and caving of the soft rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof5Is H4And structural rock formationStraight barT is subtracted from the sum of the thickness of the rock burst formed by the soft rock formation on the upper part of the immediate roofm′+1＜tiThe dynamic load impact compression amount of the caving gangue by the overburden stratum in the time period is added with tm′+1＜tiValue of cumulative compression over time period, △ H4tRepresents the cumulative amount of compression; the dynamic load impact compression amount of the rock burst under the overburden stratum is calculated by tm′+1＜tiVolumetric structural formation over a period of timeStraight barWeight QzjWhen broken, structural rock formationStraight barWhen the initial speed is 0, according to FdIs a structural rock formationStraight barThe impact load resulting from the fracture is expressed as:
Figure GDA0002304162360000083
wherein v is velocity and g is gravitational acceleration m/s2；ΔstAllowing the sinking amount for the top plate instantly;
from FdThe expression shows that the impact load is not less than 2 times of the structural rock stratum in valueStraight barWeight, structural rock formation after fractureStraight barWhen the initial speed is 0, taking the structural rock stratum with the impact load of 2 timesStraight barThe impact load has larger influence on the compression deformation of the lower caving gangue;
structural rock formationStraight barThe impact load is applied to the lower caving gangue to cause the deformation of the lower caving gangue to obey Hooke's law, and the dynamic load of the overlying strata comprises structural strataStraight barThe impact load and the follow-up load of the soft rock stratum on the direct top are obtained by following the weight Q of the soft rock stratum on the direct topzsThe collapse gangue is impacted and compressed by the dynamic load of the overlying rock layer:
Figure GDA0002304162360000091
thirdly, calculating and predicting the height H of the falling zone6By the value of (A) through the value of H6Obtained by calculating the expression of (A) < H >6The expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000092
structural rock formationBase ofHeight H of collapse zone formed by fracture and follow-up rock formation follow-up collapse6Is a structural rock formationStraight barAnd the height H of the caving zone formed by the broken and caving of the soft rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof5Subtracting the unit weight gamma of the i +1 th day of the lower caving gangue by calculationi+1To obtain ti+1＜tjSubtracting the dead weight compression deformation of the lower caving gangue in the time period by calculating the weight Q of the basic roof and the overlying following rock stratumldTo obtain ti+1＜tjThe numerical value of the compression amount of the caving gangue impacted by the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time period;
fourthly, calculating and predicting the height H of the falling zone7By the value of (A) through the value of H7Obtained by calculating the expression of (A) < H >7The expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002304162360000093
height H of integrally sunk falling belt7Is a structural rock formationBase ofHeight H of collapse zone formed by fracture and follow-up rock formation follow-up collapse6Subtracting the unit weight gamma of the lower caving gangue calculated in the m + i +1 th daym+i+1To obtain tj+1＜tnSubtracting the dead weight compression deformation of the lower caving gangue in the time period by calculating the weight Q of the basic roof and the overlying following rock stratumldTo obtain tj+1＜tnAnd impacting and compressing the lower caving gangue by the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time period.
As shown in FIG. 2, the data provided from the borehole data and calculated by analysis are respectively substituted into H4、H5、H6And H7The expression of (2) obtains the dynamic change curve of the heights of the caving zones of the four stages of the goafs, and it is easy to see that the distribution of the caving zones of the goafs is closely related to the mining time, and meanwhile, the structural rock stratum in the direct roof has certain influence on the caving zones; before the direct roof internal structure rock stratum is not broken, the height H of the caving zone4The dead weight compression deformation amount of the falling gangue is only 9.47m, and the duration of the stage is generally short, so that the dead weight compression deformation amount of the falling gangue is small, the dead weight compression deformation amount is only 0.03m in the example and can be generally ignored; but when the direct roof structure rock stratum is broken, slides and is unstable, the upper part of the direct roof upper soft rock stratum which follows the direct roof upper soft rock stratum follows the structural rock stratumStraight barCollapse such that the height of the collapse zone H at this stage5The total compression amount of steps ⑺③ and ④ is calculated to be 4.39m, the height H of the caving zone is calculated to be 4.39m, and the height H of the caving zone is calculated to be the height H of the caving zone7It was 23.05 m.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The method for predicting the dynamic development height of the roof caving zone with the structural rock in the immediate roof is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the prediction method comprises the following steps:
⑴, drilling before mining to obtain geological data of a mining area;
⑵, judging whether there is structural rock stratum in the immediate roof according to the geological data of the mining areaStraight bar；
⑶、Determination of structural formation in the immediate roof via step ⑵Straight barAccording to geological data of the mining area, a structural rock stratum of the basic roof is calculated and judged by applying a key layer theoryBase ofDetermining structural strata in the immediate roof as the main key stratumStraight barIs a sub-critical layer;
⑷, judging whether the overlying strata of the coal mining working face are divided into direct top lower weak strata and structural strata from bottom to top according to geological data of a mining area and a key layer theoryStraight barDirect roof weak rock formation and structural rock formationBase ofAnd follow-up strata, and determining the thickness h of the direct lower-roof weak strata1Structural rock formationStraight barThickness h of2Direct top weak rock layer h3Structural rock formationBase ofThickness h of4And thickness h of the follower rock layer5；
(5) According to geological data of the mining area, the initial breaking expansion coefficient K of the falling gangue directly jacked on the upper and lower weak rock stratums is judgedpThe value range of (A) is 1.3-1.5;
⑹, judging the mining speed of the coal face according to the geological data and the design scheme of the mining area;
⑺ determining structural strata according to mining speed of coal faceStraight barAnd/or structural rock formationsBase ofThe position of the rock layer above the goaf is used for judging the structural rock layerStraight barAnd structural rock formationBase ofThe method comprises the following steps of (1) calculating the height of a goaf caving zone by using the breaking time t, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
①, when t is1＜tm′T represents time, when the value of m' is a positive integer, the structural rock stratum is directly positioned at a rock stratum crack zone above the goaf, before the structural rock stratum is directly broken in the time period, the process of falling of the soft rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof is carried out, and after the falling of the soft rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof is finished, wherein t represents time1Indicating the time of the first day of the coal face to begin mining, tm’Representing structural rock formationsStraight barCalculating and predicting the height of the caving zone of the goaf to be H4 according to the time of breakage;
②, when t ism′+1＜tiWhen i is a positive integer and i is greater than or equal to m', the junctionStructural rock formationStraight barLocated in the rock stratum caving zone above the goaf, and structural rock stratum is in the time periodStraight barBreaking, applying impact load to caving gangue at the lower part of the goaf, and simultaneously carrying out the process of caving along with the overlying weak rock stratum, namely the structural rock stratumStraight barAfter the fracture and the overlying direct roof upper soft rock stratum follow-up caving are completed, calculating and predicting the goaf caving zone height to be H5；
③, when t isi+1＜tjWhen j is a positive integer and j is not less than i and not less than m', the structural rock stratumBase ofThe rock stratum is located in the curved subsidence zone above the goaf, and the structural rock stratum is located in the time zoneBase ofBreaking, applying load to caving gangue and following the rock stratum to form structural rock stratumBase ofAfter the fracture and the follow-up rock stratum follow-up caving are completed, the height of a goaf caving zone is calculated and predicted to be H6；
④, when t isj+1＜tnWhen n is a positive integer and n is more than or equal to j, the caving zone is wholly sunk in the time period until the process of stable sinking stop is carried out, and after the whole sinking, the height of the caving zone of the predicted goaf is calculated and calculated to be H7。
2. The method for predicting the dynamic development height of the roof fall zone with a structural layer in the immediate roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein step ⑺① is performed in step H4The expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002304162350000021
height H of a caving zone indicating the formation of a weak rock formation caving in the lower part of the immediate roof4The difference between the thickness of the falling gangue formed by the falling of the weak rock stratum at the lower part of the direct roof and the self-weight compression deformation of the falling gangue; the dead weight compression deformation of the falling gangue is calculated by calculating the unit weight gamma of the falling gangue1And compression modulus of falling gangue Et *The formula is substituted:
Figure FDA0002304162350000022
and calculating the dead weight compression deformation of the falling gangue.
3. The method for predicting the dynamic development height of the roof fall zone with a structural layer in the immediate roof as claimed in claim 2, wherein step ⑺② is performed in step H5The expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002304162350000023
representing structural rock formationsStraight barAnd the height H of the caving zone formed by the broken and caving of the soft rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof5Is H4And structural rock formationStraight barT is subtracted from the sum of the thickness of the rock burst formed by the soft rock formation on the upper part of the immediate roofm′+1＜tiThe dynamic load impact compression amount of the caving gangue by the overburden stratum in the time period is added with tm′+1＜tiValue of cumulative compression over time period, △ H4tRepresents the cumulative amount of compression; the dynamic load impact compression amount of the rock burst under the overburden stratum is calculated by tm′+1＜tiVolumetric structural formation over a period of timeStraight barWeight QzjWhen broken, structural rock formationStraight barWhen the initial speed is 0, according to FdIs a structural rock formationStraight barThe impact load resulting from the fracture is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002304162350000031
wherein v is velocity and g is gravitational acceleration m/s2；ΔstAllowing the sinking amount for the top plate instantly;
from FdThe expression shows that the impact load is not less than 2 times of the structural rock stratum in valueStraight barWeight, structural rock formation after fractureStraight barWhen the initial speed is 0, taking the structural rock stratum with the impact load of 2 timesStraight barThe impact load has larger influence on the compression deformation of the lower caving gangue;
structural rock formationStraight barThe impact load is applied to the lower caving gangue to cause the deformation of the lower caving gangue to obey Hooke's law, and the dynamic load of the overlying strata comprises structural strataStraight barThe impact load and the follow-up load of the soft rock stratum on the direct top are obtained by following the weight Q of the soft rock stratum on the direct topzsThe collapse gangue is impacted and compressed by the dynamic load of the overlying rock layer:
Figure FDA0002304162350000032
4. the method for predicting the dynamic development height of the roof fall zone with a structural layer in the immediate roof as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step ⑺③ is performed in step H5The expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002304162350000041
representing structural rock formationsBase ofHeight H of collapse zone formed by fracture and follow-up rock formation follow-up collapse6Is a structural rock formationStraight barAnd the height H of the caving zone formed by the broken and caving of the soft rock stratum on the upper part of the direct roof5Subtracting the unit weight gamma of the i +1 th day of the lower caving gangue by calculationi+1To obtain ti+1＜tjSubtracting the dead weight compression deformation of the lower caving gangue in the time period by calculating the weight Q of the basic roof and the overlying following rock stratumldTo obtain ti+1＜tjAnd (4) impacting the compression amount of the caving gangue by the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time period.
5. The method for predicting the dynamic development height of the roof fall zone with the structural rock in the immediate roof as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: said H7The expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002304162350000042
height H of falling zone indicating formation of overall subsidence7Is a structural rock formationBase ofHeight H of collapse zone formed by fracture and follow-up rock formation follow-up collapse6Subtracting the unit weight gamma of the lower caving gangue calculated in the m + i +1 th daym+i+1To obtain tj+1＜tnSubtracting the dead weight compression deformation of the lower caving gangue in the time period by calculating the weight Q of the basic roof and the overlying following rock stratumldTo obtain tj+1＜tnAnd impacting and compressing the lower caving gangue by the dynamic load of the overlying rock stratum in the time period.
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