CN106600035A - Pollutant migration simulation-based water source site water quality safety early warning method - Google Patents
Pollutant migration simulation-based water source site water quality safety early warning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a pollutant migration simulation-based water source site water quality safety early warning method. The method includes the following steps that: a water flow model is constructed; the target pollutant of a water source site is determined; the migration model of the target pollutant in a water containing layer is constructed according to the water flow model; the simulation time of the migration model is preset, the migration and distribution result of the target pollutant is obtained; and early warning judgment is performed according to the migration and distribution result and an early warning level. According to the pollutant migration simulation-based water source site water quality safety early warning method, based on the pollutant migration simulation of a monitoring result and water source hydrogeological parameters, a pollution source condition is simulated, and a characteristic pollutant distribution condition is obtained, for example, ammonia nitrogen of farmlands in the Li Min economic development zone in Harbin of Heilongjiang Province will not pose a threat to the safety of water quality in Limin water sources in 20 years, and the initiative of water quality safety early warning work in water source sites near rivers can be improved, and management on the water source sites and prejudgment on pollution situations can be facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental conservation and water quality safety technical field, and in particular to it is a kind of based on contaminant transportation simulate
Water head site water quality safety method for early warning.
Background technology
Water quality safety early warning can reduce the input that water quality monitoring and water quality safety are ensured, while the water quality accident that happens suddenly can be reduced
The harm for causing.Because there is close hydraulic connection in riverside well field subsoil water and river, and river suffer from blowdown or
The impact of burst water quality accident and polluted, inevitably threaten and be close to river original place water quality safety, propose river burst water
The early warning scheme of matter accident, can take responsive measures in the accident generation very first time, reduce what accident was caused to greatest extent
Loss.
Water quality safety early warning technology, generally includes the early warning and the early warning based on water quality comparison based on water quality condition,
That is water quality prediction.Research both at home and abroad pushes water quality prediction method to practical stage, and the conventional method of water quality prediction includes：Number
Reason statistic law, artificial neural network method, Grey System Method, simulation of water quality modelling, decision tree method.Wherein, Statistics Method point
For single factor test prediction and Multi-factor estimation, single factor test forecasting accuracy is poor, practical application difficult, and Multi-factor estimation is related to factor
Many, required data information amount is big, modeling is difficult.Artificial neural network method by analysis of history data, the environment-identification factor and
Relation between water quality index, by the comparison of longitudinal sequence, the change of quantitative forecast water quality factor, but mathematical theory basis is not
It is enough perfect.The premise that Grey System Method has significant limitation, i.e. model prediction accuracy higher is initial data exponentially rule
Change, once data do not meet index variation, predicts the outcome, and is likely to occur larger deviation.Water quality model be simply applied to compared with
Prediction in little time scale.Decision tree method is in the nature machine learning, the Inductive Learning based on example, although prediction
Precision is of a relatively high, but theoretical not perfect, therefore is only applicable to the relatively small situation of data volume.Therefore, in actual water quality
During prediction modeling, comprehensive analysis index to be predicted and research area's water quality characteristic are answered, set up from appropriate Forecasting Methodology
Model.
There is presently no one kind can with wide variety of water quality prediction modeling method, therefore, by water quality prediction model
Method carries out water quality safety early warning, has got long long way to go apart from practical application and popularization.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of pre- police of water head site water quality safety simulated based on contaminant transportation
Method, to carry out water quality prediction to water head site by way of Rational Model, ensures water quality safety.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of water head site water quality safety early warning simulated based on contaminant transportation
Method, methods described includes：
Build pattern of water flow；
Determine the target contaminant of the water head site；
Migration models of the target contaminant in water-bearing layer are built according to the pattern of water flow；
The simulated time of default migration models, obtains the partitioning result of target contaminant；
Divided according to the partitioning result and advanced warning grade, carry out early warning judgement.
In such scheme, the structure pattern of water flow is further included：
The hydrogeologic condition for analyzing the water head site draws initial head and boundary condition；
The water-bearing layer of water head site is generally changed according to the hydrogeologic condition, is obtained the hydrogeology ginseng of pattern of water flow
Number；
Pattern of water flow is built according to the hydrogeological parameter, and the pattern of water flow is corrected.
In such scheme, the water-bearing layer to water head site is generally changed, and further includes：
The water-bearing layer internal structure of water head site is generally changed；The water-bearing layer hydraulic characteristic of water head site is generally changed.
In such scheme, the water-bearing layer internal structure to water head site is generally changed, and further includes：
Analyze whether the water head site is heterogeneous body water-bearing layer；
When for homogeneous aquifer when, be generalized as a homogeneous aquifer area；
When for heterogeneous body water-bearing layer when, subregion is carried out to the water head site so that each hydrogeological cell be generalized as it is each to
Same sex homogeneous aquifer.
In such scheme, the water-bearing layer hydraulic characteristic to water head site is generally changed, and further includes：It is fixed using darcy
Rule is generally changed to seepage flow；Current are generalized as into three-dimensional flow, unsteady flow.
In such scheme, the hydrogeological parameter at least includes：AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, water storage rate, specific yield, exploitation
Intensity, source sink term.
In such scheme, the process of the migration, including：Convection current, disperse, source converge mixing, the one kind in chemical reaction or
It is various.
In such scheme, the pattern of water flow is：
W=ε (x, y, z, t)-∑ QLδ(x-xL,y-yL,z-zL)
Wherein,
QLFor zoning；
It is first-type boundary that Г is zone boundary wherein Г 1, and Г 2 is two class borders；
Q (x, y, z, t) is unit width increment；
ε (x, y, z, t) is that unit feeds intensity；
QLFor L mouth well yields, and L=1,2 ... υ；
δ(x-xL,y-yL,z-zL) it is point (xL,yL,zL) place delta-function；
H (x, y, z, t) is any point head absolute altitude in area；
B is aquifer floor elevation absolute altitude.
In such scheme, the target contaminant is ammonia nitrogen；
The process of the migration includes：Convection-dispersion, adsorption-desorption effect, nitrification and denitrification effect；
The migration models are：
Wherein,
θ for water-bearing layer porosity, dimensionless；
R is delay factor；
T is the time；
Γ is Cauchy boundary；
Ω is simulation vadose region.
C is nitrate nitrogen concentration value in solution；
For the concentration of solute component, unit is mg/L；
DijFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient tensor, unit is m2/d；
V is actual water velocity in hole, and unit is m/d；
qsFor the water yield that the unit time flows in or out from unit volume water-bearing layer, its value is d-1；
c0For initial solute concentration, unit is mg/L；
csFor the concentration of source sink term solute, unit is mg/L；
cqThe concentration of the solute corresponding to boundary flux, unit is mg/L.
In such scheme, the simulated time is 1～20 year.
The present invention provides a kind of water head site water quality safety method for early warning simulated based on contaminant transportation, methods described bag
Include：Build pattern of water flow；Determine the target contaminant of the water head site；The target contaminant is built according to the pattern of water flow
Migration models in water-bearing layer；The simulated time of default migration models, obtains the partitioning result of target contaminant；According to
The partitioning result and advanced warning grade are divided, and carry out early warning judgement.Contaminant transportation mould of the present invention based on monitoring result
Intend, based on water head site hydrogeological parameter, polluter situation is simulated, obtain characteristic contamination distribution situation, example
Such as, learn that farmland ammonia nitrogen will not be to favorable to the people water head site water quality safety structure in the favorable to the people economic development zone in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 20 years
Into threat, the initiative of riverside well field water quality safety early warning work is improve, be easy to the management of water head site and to pollution condition
Anticipation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is illustrated for the water head site water quality safety method for early warning flow process simulated based on contaminant transportation of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention builds pattern of water flow process schematic；
Fig. 3 studies distribution situation schematic diagram of area's ammonia nitrogen when migrating 1 year for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 studies distribution situation schematic diagram of area's ammonia nitrogen when migrating 5 years for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 studies distribution situation schematic diagram of area's ammonia nitrogen when migrating 10 years for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 studies distribution situation schematic diagram of area's ammonia nitrogen when migrating 20 years for the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is illustrated for the water head site water quality safety method for early warning flow process simulated based on contaminant transportation of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in figure 1, the water head site water quality safety method for early warning simulated based on contaminant transportation of the present embodiment, including following step
Suddenly：
Step S1, builds pattern of water flow.
Step S2, determines the target contaminant of the water head site.
Step S3, according to the pattern of water flow migration models of the target contaminant in water-bearing layer are built.
Step S4, presets the simulated time of migration models, obtains the partitioning result of target contaminant.
Step S5, divides according to the partitioning result and advanced warning grade, carries out early warning judgement.
Need exist for first-selection to illustrate, the present invention includes that the present embodiment mainly utilizes Visual Modflow softwares
Carry out contaminant transportation simulation.The professional Three-dimensional simulation software of the software groundwater solute transfer, mainly applies two moulds
Block：The Modflow modules of simulated groundwater stream, the MT3DMS modules of simulated groundwater pollutant solute transfer.Visual
Modflow softwares have modular construction, and user-friendly interface is being modeled as main direction of studying with contaminant transportation
Numerous areas in be widely used, be one of main software of present day analog groundwater pollutant solute transfer.Visual
Modflow is actually made up of multilamellar program bag combined nesting, has a mastery routine and a series of subroutine packs, subroutine pack
With relatively independent each other, and nested multiple modules of each subroutine pack.Software simulation process can be divided into some stress phases, respectively
The stress phase can be divided into several time steps.In solution procedure, region hydrogeology condition of analyzing and researching first, by analysis
As a result initial head and boundary condition are given to model, subsequently solution is iterated by finite difference method, it is possible to obtain when different
Between put water level value.MT3D full name are Modular3-Dimensional Transport model, are three-dimensional migration module mould
Type, and MT3DMS is that, based on a kind of multi-component solute transport model of MT3D, MS is the reflection simulation of insertion type multi-pollutant
Module.Model is mainly solved using Euler-Lagrange approximation method, and main analog target contaminant is in water-bearing layer
Migration attenuation process have：Convection current, disperse, source are converged and are mixed and chemical reaction.
In specific operation, can be using some regional water head site as specific water quality safety early warning trial zone, cloth
If monitoring point, the present embodiment is in specific operating process with riverside well field -- the favorable to the people economic development in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province
As a example by area.
Above-mentioned steps S1 are structure pattern of water flow.Fig. 2 is that the present embodiment builds pattern of water flow process schematic.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, build pattern of water flow, comprise the steps：
Step S11, the hydrogeologic condition for analyzing the water head site draws initial head and boundary condition.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the high and low overbank area that area is located at Song Hua River middle reaches Duan Beian, east side, southern side are studied
For Song Hua River, north side is Hulanhe River, west to big saddle support, Song Jiagang.
By to Song Hua River water level and bank peephole water-level observation, finding stream stage and two Well Water Levels in synchronous change,
River and subsoil water close relation, therefore area north, east, the face river of south three will be studied be generalized as first kind head boundary.
Research area periphery is western, is same water-bearing rock group with research district center area by borehole formation data, therefore will
Research area west side border is generalized as Equations of The Second Kind flow border, when it is higher than above-mentioned border water level to study area's water level, subsoil water in area
Can outwardly flow out, when less than border water level, extraneous subsoil water can be into inflow area.
Step S12, is generally changed according to the hydrogeologic condition to the water-bearing layer of water head site, obtains the water of pattern of water flow
Literary geologic parameter.
Specifically, study landforms in area to be respectively to southeast groundwater type from northwest：Upland plain is porous confined groundwater, height
Overbank is porous confined groundwater-pore ground water, low overbank is pore ground water.Depth to water：Upland plain area ＞ 10m, height overbank area
In 1.5～6.0m.It is relatively thin that area includes water layer thickness southwest, northeastward progressive additive, middle part water-bearing layer thickness more 28～
36m.According to exploratory hole Pumping Test Data, the AQUIFER HYDRAULIC research area west and south, and riverine band infiltration coefficient are relative
It is relatively low, in 25～50m/d, northwards gradually increase, AQUIFER HYDRAULIC is between 35～70m/d.
According to the geology and Pumping Test Data of exploratory hole, it is determined that research area is heterogeneous body water-bearing layer, according to hydrogeology
Condition and water-bearing layer hydrogeological parameter inhomogeneity, by research area three hydrogeological zone are generalized as.Each hydrogeological cell
It is generalized as isotropism homogeneous aquifer.
Water-bearing layer hydraulic characteristic is generalized as in research area：1. seepage flow meets Darcy's law；2. current are in three-dimensional flow；3. current
In unsteady flow.
According to《Harbin city groundwater resources development utilizes project report》Survey for the purpose of locating hydrogeological resources data, will study area
Water-bearing layer is generalized as 1 layer, and it is 122 × 109 × 1 unit that will study area region subdivision using gridding method, at favorable to the people water source
Ground periphery carries out mesh refinement, wherein inactive units 4981, determines head boundary 453,136, flux border.Region is high
Number of passes evidence is measured result.According to the diversity of research area's AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, simulation region is divided into into three regions：1st area,
2nd area and 3rd area.According to existing data and survey result, model hydrogeological parameter is obtained：AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, water storage rate, give
Water degree, mining rate, source sink term.
According to exploratory hole Pumping Test Data, it is relative that AQUIFER HYDRAULIC calculates the riverine band infiltration coefficient in the area west and south
It is relatively low, it is 25～50m/d, northwards gradually increase, AQUIFER HYDRAULIC is between 35～70m/d.It is according to water-bearing layer infiltration
Number, by research 1st area, 2nd area and 3rd area are divided into.
For source sink term, supply is infiltrated in Atmospheric precipitation, and present situation subsoil water water consumption is generalized as unit supply intensity, by
Recharge software kit input models, evaporation capacity is by Evapotranspiration software kit input models.Harbin City 15 years 8
Month on October 20th, 20 days 1 annual precipitation 0.66m, effective precipitation 0.62m；Evaporation capacity 1.22m, evaporation degree quoted from
Urban water supply hydrogeology advanced exploration report value in 84 years Harbin Jiangbei District is 4.20m.Each unit supply intensity, mining rate and
Model unit supply intensity is shown in Table shown in 1-1 to table 1-4.Wherein, table 1-1 is infiltration coefficient subregion；Table 1-2 is mining rate point
Area；Table 1-3 is that Atmospheric precipitation feeds intensity subregion.
According to investigation statisticses, there are water head site and a small amount of village village resident living water homemade well at favorable to the people two in research area,
Local mining rate is generalized as when model is set up.Wherein, favorable to the people water head site 14667m3/ d, other village village homemade wells
5500m3/d。
Table 1-1
| Mean parameter | 1st area | 2nd area | 3rd area |
| Coefficient of permeability K (m/d) | 60 | 58 | 45 |
| Water storage rate Ss (1/m) | 0.0000026073 | 0.0000219820 | |
| Specific yield Sy | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.21 |
Table 1-2
| Region | Yield m3/d | Area km2 | Mining rate m/d |
| Favorable to the people water head site | 14667 | 6.82 | 2.15E-3 |
| Other homemade wells Qtk | 5500 | 416.00 | 1.32E-5 |
Table 1-3
Step S13, according to the hydrogeological parameter pattern of water flow is built, and the pattern of water flow is corrected.
It is as follows that the present embodiment sets up riverside well field diving stationary flow mathematical model：
W=ε (x, y, z, t)-Σ QLδ(x-xL,y-yL,z-zL) (2)
Formula (1) into formula (4),
QLFor zoning；
It is first-type boundary that Г is zone boundary wherein Г 1, and Г 2 is two class borders；
Q (x, y, z, t) is unit width increment；
ε (x, y, z, t) is that unit feeds intensity；
QLFor L mouth well yields, and L=1,2 ... υ；
δ(x-xL,y-yL,z-zL) it is point (xL,yL,zL) place delta-function；
H (x, y, z, t) is any point head absolute altitude in area；
B is aquifer floor elevation absolute altitude.
Model is computed adjustment using tune ginseng is just drilled, and draws 16 observation station water level measured values and model of initial flow-field
Value of calculation, correlation coefficient 0.90 belongs to height correlation, wherein water level value of calculation and 13 points of measured value absolute difference ＜ 0.50m, accounts for
The 81.22% of total observation station, calculating achievement is shown in Table 2-1 to table 2-2.Wherein, table 2-1 is monitoring Well Water Level measured value and value of calculation
Errors table, table 2-2 is the hydrogeological parameter table after adjustment.
Table 2-1
Table 2-2
| Subregion | I | II |
| Coefficient of permeability K (m/d) | 58 | 45 |
| Water storage rate Ss(1/m) | 2.20E-5 | 2.01E-5 |
| Specific yield Sy | 0.24 | 0.21 |
| Atmospheric precipitation infiltrated water | 0.08 | 0.19 |
In step s 2, it is preferred that the present embodiment is according to investigation of pollution sources and water-quality test analysis result, and research area is western
Agricultural planting area is region primary pollution source, it is found that ammonia-nitrogen content many places have exceeded situation, and part in river and subsoil water
Point position ammonia nitrogen is exceeded serious, and frequently, ammonia nitrogen is larger to harm to study rural activity in the range of area, so select ammonia nitrogen being
Target contaminant.
In step s3, specifically, according to research area's Analysis Results of Water Quality and investigation of pollution sources result, the solute fortune of foundation
Shifting formwork type describes the two-dimensional convection-disperse problem of saturated zone process simulation, and ammonia nitrogen is as characteristic contamination in lithic drainage
A series of hydrogeochemistry change procedure can be experienced in system, these change procedures mainly include convection-dispersion, adsorption-desorption
Effect, nitrification and denitrification effect.According to above-mentioned analysis result, transport model of the ammonia nitrogen in ground water regime can be generalized as
(water (flow) direction is consistent with change in coordinate axis direction)：
In formula (5),
θ for water-bearing layer porosity, dimensionless；
R is delay factor；
T is the time；
Γ is Cauchy boundary；
Ω is simulation vadose region.
C is nitrate nitrogen concentration value in solution；
For the concentration of solute component, unit is mg/L；
DijFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient tensor, unit is m2/d；
V is actual water velocity in hole, and unit is m/d；
qsFor the water yield that the unit time flows in or out from unit volume water-bearing layer, its value is d-1；
c0For initial solute concentration, unit is mg/L；
csFor the concentration of source sink term solute, unit is mg/L；
cqThe concentration of the solute corresponding to boundary flux, unit is mg/L.
In step s 4, further, it is known that a favorable to the people water source, favorable to the people two water sources subsoil water mining rate, therefore by west
Portion Farmland is set to pollution of area source.It is to ensure before modeling precision and early warning result due to the limitation of sampled data
Looking forward or upwards property, choose Farmland ammonia nitrogen concentration maximum carries out unifying assignment to Farmland ammonia nitrogen concentration, it is considered to pollute in infiltration process
The attenuation of thing, it is 4mg/L to arrange supply concentration, and simulated time is 20 years.1 year, 5 years, 10 years, ammonia after 20 years are obtained respectively
Nitrogen is studying the partitioning situation in area, respectively as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6.
Using the built-in concentration analysis function of Visual Modflow softwares, between artificial 10 mouthfuls of setting is about waited in agriculture section
Concentration inspection well away from north-south distribution to observe water-bearing layer in pollutant levels changing condition, obtain 20 years in agriculture section
The concentration change of period ammonia nitrogen, can draw response curve.Each inspection well concentration change trend is identical, maximum when reaching the 20th year
Concentration value is No. 1 inspection well, i.e., near Hulanhe River Regional field, and ammonia nitrogen observation concentration is in closely at the uniform velocity to rise in No. 1 inspection well
Trend, other inspection well ammonia nitrogen observation concentration are in deceleration ascendant trend.From research area's infiltration coefficient subregion, No. 1 inspection well
Positioned at infiltration coefficient maximum region, the diversity that infiltration coefficient is speculated accordingly have impact on the concentration change of ammonia nitrogen in No. 1 inspection well
Speed.
Meanwhile, ammonia nitrogen concentration changes over curve and obtains in the dizzy distribution situation of binding area ammonia and nitrogen pollution and inspection well
Know：In the vertical, the ammonia nitrogen of agriculture section has a certain degree of decay in infitration process, maximum ammonia nitrogen in inspection well after 20 years
Concentration is still not up to earth's surface pollutant levels value；In the horizontal, ammonia nitrogen migratory direction and research area's subsoil water main flow direction basic
Cause, i.e., from West to East, and with the increase of migration distance, ammonia nitrogen concentration has significantly reduction.
In step s 5, further, according to《Drinking water source division of protection zones technical specification》(HJ T338-2007)
In requirement that water type wellhead protection zone in underground is divided, use《Water environment quality standard》(GB3838-2002) and
《Groundwater quality standard》(GB/T14848-93) II class, III class limit value specified in are used as differentiation analog result correspondence early warning level
Other judgment basis.When characteristic contamination not in above-mentioned two standard when, with《Drinking water sanitary standard》(GB5749-
2006) the minimum limit value not being detrimental to health specified in is judgment basis.Wherein,
According to water head site early warning demand, simulated time is set, this research equipment simulated time is 20 years；
According to analog result, take Forewarning Measures must not be later than pollutant for II class marginal value (or《Drinking Water health
Standard》Middle prescribed limits), reach at intake 500m when；
When judging warning level, from bad not from excellent.
Table 3 gives the advanced warning grade division limits of the embodiment of the present invention.
Table 3
Preferably, the present embodiment can also include taking different pre- strategies for different warning levels.
Zero level precautionary areas and one-level precautionary areas control measures are monitoring and put prevention first.
For monitoring, according to the pollution clouds near the water head site simulated, monitoring net, the dizzy diffusion of monitoring pollution are arranged
The rate of change of speed and pollutant levels, analyzes the Spatial-Temporal Change Trend of pollution clouds and pollutant levels.
For prevention, zero level early warning is based on maintaining the statusquo；One-level early warning is carried out using actual monitoring result to model
Adjustment so as to consistent with realistic model, the pollution clouds simulated by comparison model reach time and the actual monitoring of water head site
The size of the time of the arrival water head site that pollution clouds pace of change speculates, takes minima, in the time range, takes prevention to arrange
Apply, preventing pollutant from reaching water head site affects quality of groundwater.
Pollutant have reached water head site, but concentration not yet constitutes a threat to water quality safety, takes certain measure, such as：Close
The water supply well for monitoring pollutant is closed, starts other unpolluted water supply wells, increase monitoring frequency, it is found that monitoring result is relative
The water supply well is reactivated after stable and not exceeded；Cut-out polluter, place where the garage is piled up is removed, and to rubbish and present position
Soil carry out proper treatment；Pollutant current block measure, and by modes such as water filling, aeration, extractings Contaminants Transport is changed
Situation；Extract and collect pollutant.
The control measures of two grades of early warning, three-level early warning and level Four early warning are based on controlling and monitor.
For control, the pollutant levels value in subsoil water is higher, in 3rd area quality of groundwater aggravated,
Deteriorate or with obvious degradating trend.Therefore, on the basis of pollution source of groundwater and pollution channel is found out, should cut first
Disconnected pollution source of groundwater, secondly considers following control measure：
1. subsoil water storage capacity in aquifer System is changed, artificial recharge can be played dilutedly descends water pollutant concentration
Effect, artificial pumping can be pumped pollutant with subsoil water, while artificial enrichment or the current that also convertibly descend that draw water
, change Contaminants Transport situation；
2. contaminated subsoil water, such as activated carbon adsorption are purified using rational physico-chemical process；
3. the aeration zone in heavy contamination can adopt biological method, prevent pollutant from spreading in aquifer System；
4. using blocking or the disperse migration of River Closure Measures control underground water pollutant, prevent pollutant from entering water source
Ground.
For monitoring, two grades, three-level and level Four early warning, pollutant levels are higher in subsoil water, to quality of groundwater
Impact, should monitor in time, obtain pollutant situation.Also need badly make within the most short time it is a set of comprehensive, careful
Underground water pollution monitoring scheme, takes into full account the various influence factors for causing underground water pollution.
The rule of underground water pollution monitoring scheme：First it is to be understood that underground water pollution feature, monitoring policy is on ground
Lower water pollution region upstream and downstream carries out many sections, multicomponent monitoring, with pointedly determining the pollutant distribution model that highlights
Enclose；Next to that according to the potential pollution source determined, its raw material is demanded in acting in accordance with YIN YANG changes in four seasons source, analyzes its hazardness, its institute is arranged in detail
Possible pollutant carry out comprehensive monitoring；It is finally, according to pollutant distribution scope and following migration circle, to adjust subsoil water
Monitoring range, comprehensive analysis quality of groundwater situation formulates rational solution.
Can also include, the analysis to early warning result.Learnt according to analog result, positioned at water head site recovery well flow field west side
Agriculture section in higher concentration ammonia nitrogen migration do not reach yet after 20 years migration rate during water head site, and 20 years compared with
Slowly, peak gross migration distance most being migrated soon and being less than 3km, apart from getting water from water head site well 5km is still more than, and through Natural Attenuation mistake
Journey, ammonia nitrogen concentration decreases, i.e., for a comparatively long period of time, research area west side widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area will not take to water head site
Well constitutes pollution threat, and according to warning level splitting scheme, research area's warning level is zero level.
The present embodiment carries out factorial analyses by SPSS softwares, obtains five components Factors, and to components Factor source solution is carried out
Analysis and correlation analysiss, it is determined that research area's quality of groundwater situation is mainly living by mining of groundwater, mankind's activity pollution, agricultural
The dynamic, impact of protogenic geological environment, industrial activity, from 16 water quality index TDS, COD, Cl are filtered out-、NH4 +、NO3 -Five
Substituting water quality monitoring index.Binding area characteristic contamination and detection requirement, it is determined that final water quality monitoring index.
In the case where data of water quality monitoring is abundant, monitoring result can be based on, with water head site hydrogeological parameter as base
Plinth, is simulated based on Visual Modflow softwares to polluter situation, obtains characteristic contamination distribution situation, learns 20 years
Interior farmland ammonia nitrogen will not constitute a threat to favorable to the people water head site water quality safety, improve riverside well field water quality safety early warning work
Initiative, is easy to the management and the anticipation to pollution condition of water head site.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of without departing from principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of based on contaminant transportation simulate water head site water quality safety method for early warning, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Build pattern of water flow；
Determine the target contaminant of the water head site；
Migration models of the target contaminant in water-bearing layer are built according to the pattern of water flow；
The simulated time of default migration models, obtains the partitioning result of target contaminant；
Divided according to the partitioning result and advanced warning grade, carry out early warning judgement.
2. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the structure pattern of water flow,
Further include：
The hydrogeologic condition for analyzing the water head site draws initial head and boundary condition；
The water-bearing layer of water head site is generally changed according to the hydrogeologic condition, is obtained the hydrogeological parameter of pattern of water flow；
Pattern of water flow is built according to the hydrogeological parameter, and the pattern of water flow is corrected.
3. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to the aqueous of water head site
Layer is generally changed, and further includes：
The water-bearing layer internal structure of water head site is generally changed；The water-bearing layer hydraulic characteristic of water head site is generally changed.
4. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described to the aqueous of water head site
Layer internal structure is generally changed, and further includes：
Analyze whether the water head site is heterogeneous body water-bearing layer；
When for homogeneous aquifer when, be generalized as a homogeneous aquifer area；
When for heterogeneous body water-bearing layer when, subregion is carried out to the water head site so that each hydrogeological cell is generalized as isotropism
Homogeneous aquifer.
5. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described to the aqueous of water head site
Layer hydraulic characteristic is generally changed, and further includes：Seepage flow is generally changed using Darcy's law；By current be generalized as three-dimensional flow,
Unsteady flow.
6. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the hydrogeological parameter is extremely
Include less：AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, water storage rate, specific yield, mining rate, source sink term.
7. the water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that the migration
Process, including：One or more in convection current, disperse, source remittance mixing, chemical reaction.
8. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the pattern of water flow is：
W=ε (x, y, z, t)-∑ QLδ(x-xL,y-yL,z-zL)
Wherein,
QLFor zoning；
It is first-type boundary that Г is zone boundary wherein Г 1, and Г 2 is two class borders；
Q (x, y, z, t) is unit width increment；
ε (x, y, z, t) is that unit feeds intensity；
QLFor L mouth well yields, and L=1,2 ... υ；
δ(x-xL,y-yL,z-zL) it is point (xL,yL,zL) place delta-function；
H (x, y, z, t) is any point head absolute altitude in area；
B is aquifer floor elevation absolute altitude.
9. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
The target contaminant is ammonia nitrogen；
The process of the migration includes：Convection-dispersion, adsorption-desorption effect, nitrification and denitrification effect；
The migration models are：
Wherein,
θ for water-bearing layer porosity, dimensionless；
R is delay factor；
T is the time；
Γ is Cauchy boundary；
Ω is simulation vadose region.
C is nitrate nitrogen concentration value in solution；
For the concentration of solute component, unit is mg/L；
DijFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient tensor, unit is m2/d；
V is actual water velocity in hole, and unit is m/d；
qsFor the water yield that the unit time flows in or out from unit volume water-bearing layer, its value is d-1；
c0For initial solute concentration, unit is mg/L；
csFor the concentration of source sink term solute, unit is mg/L；
cqThe concentration of the solute corresponding to boundary flux, unit is mg/L.
10. water head site water quality safety method for early warning according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the simulated time is 1～
20 years.
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