CN106599374A - River phase relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary area and derivation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a river phase relation suitable for a runoff tidal estuary area and derivation method thereof. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, primarily deriving the river phase relation by combining the O'Brien method with the Douguoren method; S2, establishing a current mathematic model according to the actually measured data of the river, and solving the current mathematic model by use of a finite volume method; S3, selecting a river area only under the runoff effect, and fitting the river phase relation of the runoff river area; S4, selecting the engineering river area of the representative upstream runoff flow; S5, dividing the river area into a certain number of cross sections, equally dividing the river width of each cross section into several, and calculating through the river phase relation of the runoff river area fitted in the step S3; and S6, respectively calculating the average wetted area A and QT falling of the river area in the step S4 by use of the current mathematic model in the step S2. The river phase relation disclosed by the invention has extremely high precision when qualitatively and quantitatively describing the relation of a river power condition and the channel morphology at the runoff tidal estuary area.

Description

A kind of river facies relation and its derivation method suitable for runoff tidal estuary section

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of river facies relation, and in particular to a kind of river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section.

Background technology

The bed configuration of runoff tidal estuary section is the result of the interactions such as Runoff and Sediment sources, oceanic tide power, Certain relation, commonly referred to river facies relation are there is therebetween.

The research of river facies relation seeks to the quantitative relationship of channel morphology form and dynamic factor, is understanding channel characteristics One of technical way, it is concerned always.

Relevant river facies relation, carried out once both at home and abroad numerous studies, more particularly to tide amount or flow and flow surface Relation between product, achievement is rich.Nineteen thirty, O'Brien is carried when U.S. Pacific Ocean chiltern erosion coast tidal inlet is investigated The expression formula gone out between tide amount and cross-sectional area (relative to mean sea level)；Nineteen fifty-three, Leopold and Maddock are proposed In the natural river of quasi-balanced state, given river width, exist between mean depth, mean flow rate and flow it is simple similar Functional relationship, that is, river facies relation；1964, riverbed minimal activity principle was applied to tidal river by Dou Guoren, was proposed Mean depth, average river width and average cross-sectional area and ebb tide average discharge, ebb tide mean sediment concentration river facies relation formula；1988 Year, height express 11 bay passage data of East China Sea are counted after also obtain cross-sectional area with tide amount relation；2010, Han Zengcui etc. on the basis of bay passage section area with damp magnitude relation, further by runoff, duration of fall, ebb tide silt content Estuarine hydraulic geometry be applied to bay, and demonstrate the regions such as Hangzhou Wan, Xiangshan Bay, Sanmen Wan, the Leqing Bay in Zhejiang Province 25 The river facies relation of individual section；2014, Zhao Zihui combined new River Sediment Carrying Capacity Formula using minimal activity principle, reconstructed hole State's core river facies relation formula, establishes a new river facies relation formula suitable for tidal estuary；2015, Zhang Wei and Cao Hao Establish the relation between Guan He river mouths ebb tide flow and discharge section area, and the preferable breadth depth ratio to different river course forms and Its application in waterway regulation is discussed.

In the studies above, mainly for runoff or the situation of trend independent role, even if some researchs are directed to runoff Tidal estuary section, the river facies relation without further investigated runoff and trend.

The content of the invention

To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of river suitable for runoff tidal estuary section Phase relation.

In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：

A kind of derivation method of the river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：

S1, with reference to O'Brien methods and hole state core method, tentatively derive river facies relation；

S2, according to the actual measurement topographic(al) data in river, set up the one-dimensional trend in river and the couple planar current of Two Dimensional Tidal Current Mathematical model, and it is solved using finite volume method；

The section that S3, selection upstream are only acted on by runoff, according to above-mentioned water loss rate, simulate the section 1 year Discharge and the relation of discharge section area, are fitted the river facies relation of runoff reach；

S4, selection design condition：Because engineering section is in a tidal period, upstream runoff amount is almost unchanged, can be with Definite value is set to, therefore the engineering section of some representative upstream runoff flows can be chosen；

Section is chosen in S5, calculating：According to the actual measurement topographic(al) data in step S2 river, the section is divided into a number of disconnected Face, by the river width of cross sections some deciles are divided into, and the river facies relation of the runoff reach being fitted by step S3 is calculated；

S6, checking river facies relation formula：Using the water loss rate in step S2, the representativeness in difference calculation procedure S4 The average discharge area A and QT of the section under operating mode_Fall；

O'Brien methods in above-mentioned steps S1, tide is measured and the expression formula between cross-sectional area is：

In formula：P is the tide amount under mean spring range；A₁For river mouth cross-sectional area under mean sea level；K is to be broken by river mouth The constant that face characteristic is determined；S is silt content；

The hole state core method, if erosion and deposition quantity of the tidal estuary in a tidal period T can be compensated for mutually, The water yield that upland water amount and downstream Haikou are risen in this period is necessarily equal in contemporaneity river bed cross section institute during ebb tide The water yield that can be drained.Make P ' represent T time in upland water amount, in contemporaneity during flood current downstream rise into the water yield be Tide amount P；The above-mentioned water yield can be drained during for ebb tide, riverbed there must be following hydraulic tunneling：

P+P '=BHvT_Fall (19)

In formula：Water surface width when B is average tide water level, H be corresponding mean depth, v be average strength of ebb, T_FallFor list Total duration of fall in individual tidal period T；

The derivation is：The average discharge of ebb current (including upstream runoff) is represented with Q, Q is used₀During representing ebb tide The average run-off in upstream, then have：

P+Q₀T=QT_Fall(20),

(1) formula is substituted into into (3) formula, and converted is obtained：

Wherein：

A₁=A-A₀(22),

In formula：A be average discharge section area, A₀For the average discharge section area that runoff is produced；A₁Produce for trend Average discharge section area；

For the alluvial river of runoff tidal reach upstream, only acted on by runoff, there is following relational expression：

In formula：B ' is average river width；H ' is corresponding mean depth；k₁、k₂, m, n be constant；

Due to

A₀=B ' H ' (25),

(6) formula, (7) formula are substituted into into (8) Shi Ke get：

In formula：k₃, e be calibration parameter；

(9) formula substitution (5) formula is obtained：

(10) formula substitution (4) formula is obtained：

Or

In one-dimensional tidal current mathematical model in above-mentioned steps S2, using Saint-Venant equation group as governing equation, Its continuity equation and the equation of motion can be expressed as：

In formula：X and t is respectively coordinate away from discrete time, and A is average discharge section area, and Q is flow, and h is water level, q For the flow that side becomes a mandarin, to thank to ability coefficient, R is hydraulic radius to C, and α is momentum correction factor, and g is acceleration of gravity；

In Two Dimensional Tidal Current mathematical model, continuity equation is：

The equation of motion is：

In formula：X, y are cartesian coordinate, and t is time variable, and η is water level, and d represents total depth of water, and has h=d+ η, and d is quiet The depth of water,For x, y directions depth-averaged speed, τ_bx、τ_byFor x, y directions bottom stress, ρ₀For the density of water, f is Coriolis Force coefficient, and f=2 Ω sin ψs, g is local gravitational acceleration, T_xx、T_yy、T_xyFor horizontal viscous stress item；

When numerical computations are carried out, for border is opened, upstream and downstream are respectively adopted flow border and water level boundary condition；It is right It is 0 according to can not enter principle to follow the example of to flow velocity in border is closed；Moving boundary process is carried out using dry and wet discrimination technology.

The method of the fitting of the river facies relation of runoff reach in above-mentioned steps S3：

The computational methods of average discharge section area are by the decile of river width 20 of section, by the current of step S2

Mathematical model calculates the depth of water of 21 coordinate points of this river width under mean tide tlevel, with below equation：

In formula：A₀For the average discharge section area that runoff is produced；h₁, h₂₁Exist for the section two ends coordinate points

The depth of water under mean tide tlevel；h_iFor the depth of water of i-th coordinate points under mean tide tlevel on the section；B is

River width during average ebb tide water level.

Above-mentioned steps S6 are using the mathematical model in step S2, several representativenesses in difference calculation procedure S4

The average discharge area A and QT of the engineering section under operating mode_FallMethod：

Wherein：

In formula：T be certain section ebb tide during in any one integral point moment；t₀For during the section ebb tide starting

Carve；t₁For the section ebb tide finish time；Q_tFor the flow of the section t；

By (QT_Fall-Q₀T) with (A-A₀)^1.1Used as scatterplot, point is plotted in plane (x, y) coordinate system, carries out

Linear regression analyses, calibration parameter kS, and verify the river facies relation formula.

The invention has benefit that：By the bay passage section area based on O'Brien propositions and damp magnitude relation Formula, it is considered to tidal estuary section upstream runoff amount, with reference to Dou Guoren about the processing method of river mouth power, derives that one is applied to Runoff tidal estuary section river facies relation formula, the river facies relation formula can respectively consider the contribution of runoff and trend.Using mathematical modulo Pattern is intended calculating each physical quantity of runoff tidal estuary section, verifies the river facies relation formula for deriving, and the river facies relation formula is qualitative With during the relation of quantitative description runoff tidal estuary section River function condition and channel geometry with very high precision, with very strong Practicality.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is only by the lower THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY section section discharge section area of runoff effect and discharge relation figure in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the selection of the calculating section of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the clear logical section river facies relation figure (1#～15#) of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Make specific introduction to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY typical case footpath is applied to a kind of river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section proposed by the present invention The present invention is discussed in detail as a example by stream tidal estuary Duan Chengtong sections, implementation process is divided into six steps.

Step S1：Tentatively derive the river facies relation

With reference to O'Brien methods, the expression formula between tide amount and cross-sectional area is：

In formula：P is the tide amount under mean spring range；A₁For river mouth cross-sectional area under mean sea level；K is constant (river Mouth cross section characteristic is determined)；S is silt content.

With reference to hole state core method, if erosion and deposition quantity of the tidal estuary in a tidal period T can be compensated for mutually, The water yield that upland water amount and downstream Haikou are risen in this period is necessarily equal in contemporaneity river bed cross section institute during ebb tide The water yield that can be drained.Make P ' represent T time in upland water amount, in contemporaneity during flood current downstream rise into the water yield be Tide amount P.The above-mentioned water yield can be drained during for ebb tide, riverbed there must be following hydraulic tunneling：

P+P '=BHvT_Fall (36)

In formula：Water surface width when B is average tide water level；H is corresponding mean depth；V is average strength of ebb；T_FallFor list Total duration of fall in individual tidal period T.

The average discharge of ebb current (including upstream runoff) is represented with Q, Q is used₀The average run-off in upstream during representing ebb tide, Then have：

P+Q₀T=QT_Fall (37)

(1) formula is substituted into into (3) formula, and converted is obtained：

Wherein：

A₁=A-A₀ (39)

In formula：A be average discharge section area (total discharge area, including runoff effect and trend effect produced by Discharge area)；A₀For the average discharge section area that runoff is produced；A₁For the average discharge section area that trend is produced.

For the alluvial river of runoff tidal estuary section upstream, only acted on by runoff, there is following river facies relation formula^[8]：

In formula：B ' is average river width；H ' is corresponding mean depth；k₁、k₂, m, n be constant.

Due to

A₀=B ' H ' (42)

(6) formula, (7) formula are substituted into into (8) Shi Ke get：

In formula：k₃, e be constant.

(9) formula substitution (5) formula is obtained：

(10) formula substitution (4) formula is obtained：

Or

Step S2：Set up tidal current mathematical model on a large scale

Set up THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY tidal current mathematical model.Play Anhui in model scope to lead to greatly, down to southern Zhi Yanglin, north Zhi Qinglong Port.Using peacekeeping two dimension coupling technique founding mathematical models, Anhui passes to greatly Jiangyin Lu Bugang sections and adopts one-dimensional model, with Lower section adopts two dimensional model.

One-dimensional model is from big logical station to Jiangyin Lu Bugang total lengths 412.5km, 188 sections；Two dimensional model is from Jiangyin Lu Bu Port to entrance of Changjiang River, model total length about 135.8km, model has 75172 grids, and minimum grid yardstick is 50m, to ensure to calculate Precision.

In one-dimensional tidal current mathematical model, using Saint-Venant equation group as governing equation, its continuity equation and The equation of motion can be expressed as：

In formula：X and t is respectively the coordinate away from discrete time；A is discharge section area；Q is flow；H is water level；Q is side The flow that side becomes a mandarin；C is to thank to ability coefficient；R is hydraulic radius；α is momentum correction factor；G is acceleration of gravity.

In Two Dimensional Tidal Current mathematical model, continuity equation is：

The equation of motion is：

Wherein, x, y are cartesian coordinate；T is time variable；η is water level；D represents total depth of water, and has h=d+ η, and d is quiet The depth of water；For x, y directions depth-averaged speed；τ_bx、τ_byFor x, y directions bottom stress；ρ₀For the density of water；F is Coriolis Force coefficient, and f=2 Ω sin ψs；G is local gravitational acceleration；T_xx、T_yy、T_xyFor horizontal viscous stress item.

Step S3：Fitting MODEL FOR CORRELATION RUNOFF section river facies relation formula

For the fitting of runoff reach river facies relation formula formula (9), the section section logical greatly for choosing clear logical section upstream (is only received Runoff is acted on) fitting of formula (9) is carried out, the relation of the section this annual flow in 2010 and discharge section area is simulated, such as Fig. 1, obtains below equation：

The computational methods of wherein average discharge section area be by the decile of river width 20 of cross sections, by program export this 21 The depth of water of the individual coordinate points under mean tide tlevel, with below equation：

In formula：A₀For average discharge section area；h₁, h₂₁For the depth of water of the section two ends coordinate points under mean tide tlevel；h_i For the depth of water of i-th coordinate points under mean tide tlevel on the section；River width when B is average ebb tide water level.

Step S4：Choose design condition

Estuary area belongs to informal semi-diurnal tides, and in a tidal period, upstream runoff amount is almost unchanged, therefore, can To be set to definite value.The different operating modes of five kinds of selection, the spring tide of on July 16th, 1, the spring tide on the 13rd of August in 2010, No. 30 spring tides of in April, 2010, the spring tide of on April 15th, 2010, the spring tide of on January 16th, 2010, correspondence upstream big orifice flow difference For 61200m³/s、54000m³/s、43000m³/s、29200m³/s、12600m³/s。

Step S5：Choose and calculate section

Topography was surveyed under the downstream water of the Changjiang river using 2010, clear logical section is divided into into 15 sections, cross section place is shown in figure 2.The computational methods of discharge section area are, by the decile of river width 20 of cross sections, this 21 coordinate points to be exported average by program The depth of water under tidal level, with below equation：

In formula：A is average discharge section area；h₁, h₂₁For the depth of water of the section two ends coordinate points under mean tide tlevel；h_i For the depth of water of i-th coordinate points under mean tide tlevel on the section；River width when B is average ebb tide water level.

Step S6：Checking river facies relation formula.

Relation between the average discharge area A and Q set up under the operating mode of five kinds of clear logical section.By (QT_Fall-Q₀T) with (A-A₀ )^1.1Used as scatterplot, point is plotted in plane (x, y) coordinate system, and carries out linear regression analyses, sees Fig. 3.Formula can be obtained by figure

As can be seen here：For runoff tidal estuary section as clear logical section, the partial cut-away area that tidal current dynamics are moulded There is good dependency relation, correlation coefficient square up to 0.81 between ebb tide amount, that is, correlation coefficient is 0.9.

In formula (20), equation left side Section 1 is to let out total amount under runoff and trend synthesis during a tide, the Binomial is flowed down for footpath and lets out total amount, and both difference reflections are exactly that the damp of section is measured；In the bracket of equation right side, Section 1 was that water breaks The face gross area, Section 2 is the cross-section of river corresponding to runoff independent role, and what both differences reflected is the river that trend is moulded Bed section.As can be seen here, after proper transformation, also may be used suitable for the O'Brien river facies relation formulas of pure tidal reaches originally Suitable for runoff tidal estuary section, same expression is that tide is measured and the mutual relation between river bed cross section.

Above specific embodiment and case study on implementation are to proposed by the present invention a kind of suitable for runoff tidal estuary section The concrete support of river facies relation, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every according to technological thought proposed by the present invention, Any equivalent variations done on the basis of the technical program or equivalent change, still fall within technical solution of the present invention protection Scope.

All explanations not related in the specific embodiment of the present invention belong to techniques known, refer to known skill Art is carried out.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of derivation method of the river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：

S1, with reference to O'Brien methods and hole state core method, tentatively derive river facies relation；

S2, according to the actual measurement topographic(al) data in river, set up the one-dimensional trend in river and the couple planar current mathematics of Two Dimensional Tidal Current Model, and it is solved using finite volume method；

S3, choose only by the section of runoff effect, according to above-mentioned water loss rate, simulate 1 year discharge of the section with The relation of discharge section area, is fitted the river facies relation of runoff reach；

S4, selection design condition：Because engineering section is in a tidal period, upstream runoff amount is almost unchanged, can be by it Definite value is set to, therefore the engineering section of some representative upstream runoff flows can be chosen；

Section is chosen in S5, calculating：According to the actual measurement topographic(al) data in step S2 river, the section is divided into into a number of section, The river width of cross sections is divided into into some deciles, the river facies relation of the runoff reach being fitted by step S3 is calculated；

S6, checking river facies relation formula：Using the water loss rate in step S2, the representative operating mode in difference calculation procedure S4 The average discharge area A and QT of the lower section_Fall；

2. the derivation method of a kind of river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section according to claim 1, its feature It is, the O'Brien methods in step S1 that the expression formula between tide amount and cross-sectional area is：

$P=\frac{A_1^{1.1}}{k^{1.1}{S}^{1.1}}---\left(1\right),$

In formula：P is the tide amount under mean spring range；A₁For river mouth cross-sectional area under mean sea level；K is special by river mouth section Property determine constant；S is silt content；

The hole state core method, if erosion and deposition quantity of the tidal estuary in a tidal period T can be compensated for mutually, at this moment The water yield that upland water amount and downstream Haikou are risen in phase is necessarily equal in contemporaneity that river bed cross section can be arranged during ebb tide The water yield let out.Make P ' represent T time in upland water amount, in contemporaneity during flood current downstream rise into the water yield for tide amount P；The above-mentioned water yield can be drained during for ebb tide, riverbed there must be following hydraulic tunneling：

P+P '=BHvT_Fall (2)

In formula：River width when B is average ebb tide water level, H be corresponding mean depth, v be average strength of ebb, T_FallFor single tide Total duration of fall in nighttide cycle T；

The derivation is：The average discharge of ebb current (including upstream runoff) is represented with Q, Q is used₀Upstream during representing ebb tide Average run-off, then have：

P+Q₀T=QT_Fall(3),

(1) formula is substituted into into (3) formula, and converted is obtained：

Wherein：

A₁=A-A₀(5),

In formula：A be average discharge section area, A₀For the average discharge section area that runoff is produced；A₁For the average of trend generation Discharge section area；

For the alluvial river of runoff tidal reach upstream, only acted on by runoff, there is following relational expression：

$B^{\′}=k_1{Q}_0^m---\left(6\right),$

$H^{\′}=k_2{Q}_0^n---\left(7\right),$

In formula：B ' is average river width；H ' is corresponding mean depth；k₁、k₂, m, n be constant；

Due to

A₀=B ' H ' (8),

(6) formula, (7) formula are substituted into into (8) Shi Ke get：

$A_0=k_3{Q}_0^e---\left(9\right),$

In formula：k₃, e be calibration parameter；

(9) formula substitution (5) formula is obtained：

$A_1=A-k_3{Q}_0^e---\left(10\right),$

(10) formula substitution (4) formula is obtained：

Or

3. the derivation method of a kind of river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section according to claim 1, its feature It is, in the one-dimensional tidal current mathematical model in step S2, using Saint-Venant equation group as governing equation, its company Continuous equation and the equation of motion can be expressed as：

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂A}{\∂t}+\frac{\∂Q}{\∂x}=q\\ \frac{\∂Q}{\∂t}+\frac{\∂\left(\mathrm{\α}\frac{Q^2}{A}\right)}{\∂x}+gA\frac{\∂h}{\∂x}+\frac{gQ\left|Q\right|}{C^{2}AR}=0\end{array}\right.---\left(13\right),$

In formula：X and t is respectively the coordinate away from discrete time, and A is average discharge section area, and Q is flow, and h is water level, and q is side The flow that side becomes a mandarin, to thank to ability coefficient, R is hydraulic radius to C, and α is momentum correction factor, and g is acceleration of gravity；

In Two Dimensional Tidal Current mathematical model, continuity equation is：

$\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}+\frac{\∂h\stackrel{\‾}{u}}{\∂x}+\frac{\∂h\stackrel{\‾}{v}}{\∂y}=0---\left(14\right),$

The equation of motion is：

$\frac{\∂h\stackrel{\‾}{u}}{\∂t}+\frac{\∂h{\stackrel{\‾}{u}}^2}{\∂x}+\frac{\∂h\stackrel{\‾}{vu}}{\∂y}=f\stackrel{\‾}{v}h-gh\frac{\∂\mathrm{\η}}{\∂x}-\frac{{\mathrm{\τ}}_{bx}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_0}+\frac{\∂}{\∂x}\left({\mathrm{hT}}_{xx}\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂y}\left({\mathrm{hT}}_{xy}\right)---\left(15\right)$

$\frac{\∂h\stackrel{\‾}{v}}{\∂t}+\frac{\∂h{\stackrel{\‾}{v}}^2}{\∂y}+\frac{\∂h\stackrel{\‾}{uv}}{\∂x}=-f\stackrel{\‾}{u}h-gh\frac{\∂\mathrm{\η}}{\∂y}-\frac{{\mathrm{\τ}}_{by}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_0}+\frac{\∂}{2y}\left({\mathrm{hT}}_{yy}\right)+\frac{\∂}{\∂x}\left({\mathrm{hT}}_{xy}\right)---\left(16\right)$

In formula：X, y are cartesian coordinate, and t is time variable, and η is water level, and d represents total depth of water, and has h=d+ η, d to be hydrostatic It is deep,For x, y directions depth-averaged speed, τ_bx、τ_byFor x, y directions bottom stress, ρ₀For the density of water, f is coriolis force Coefficient, and f=2 Ω sin ψs, g is local gravitational acceleration, T_xx、T_yy、T_xyFor horizontal viscous stress item；

When numerical computations are carried out, for border is opened, upstream and downstream are respectively adopted flow border and water level boundary condition；For closing Border, is 0 according to can not enter principle to follow the example of to flow velocity；Moving boundary process is carried out using dry and wet discrimination technology.

4. the derivation method of a kind of river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section according to claim 1, its feature It is, the method for the fitting of the river facies relation of runoff reach in step S3：

5. the computational methods of average discharge section area are by the decile of river width 20 of section, by the water loss rate meter of step S2 The depth of water of 21 coordinate points of this river width under mean tide tlevel is calculated, with below equation：

$A_0=(h_1+h_{21})\frac{B}{40}+\underset{i=2}{\overset{20}{\Σ}}{h}_i\frac{B}{20}---\left(17\right)$

In formula：A₀For the average discharge section area that runoff is produced；h₁, h₂₁It is the section two ends coordinate points under mean tide tlevel The depth of water；h_iFor the depth of water of i-th coordinate points under mean tide tlevel on the section；River width when B is average ebb tide water level.

6. the derivation method of a kind of river facies relation suitable for runoff tidal estuary section according to claim 1, its feature It is that step S6 utilizes the mathematical model in step S2, engineering under several representative operating modes in difference calculation procedure S4 The average discharge area A and QT of section_FallMethod：

Wherein：

In formula：T be certain section ebb tide during in any one integral point moment；t₀For the section ebb tide initial time；t₁For the section Ebb tide finish time；Q_tFor the flow of the section t；

By (QT_Fall-Q₀T) with (A-A₀)^1.1Used as scatterplot, point is plotted in plane (x, y) coordinate system, carries out linear regression analyses, calibration Parameter kS, verifies the river facies relation formula.