CN106597552A - Chinese-character-mi-shaped three-dimensional electrical prospecting method - Google Patents
Chinese-character-mi-shaped three-dimensional electrical prospecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106597552A CN106597552A CN201611213025.5A CN201611213025A CN106597552A CN 106597552 A CN106597552 A CN 106597552A CN 201611213025 A CN201611213025 A CN 201611213025A CN 106597552 A CN106597552 A CN 106597552A
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- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Chinese-character-mi-shaped three-dimensional electrical prospecting method. On the basis of prospecting target body characteristics and landform fluctuation characteristics at an electrical prospecting area, Chinese-character-mi-shaped three-dimensional electrical prospecting power supply points are arranged; power is provided into the ground through electrodes of the power supply points by using an electrical prospecting transmitter; an electrical prospecting receiver is used for receiving electric field signals of all measurement points; and apparent resistivity and electrical induction parameters of all measurement points during power supply of all power supply points of the Chinese-character-mi shape are calculated and obtained, so that Chinese-character-mi-shaped three-dimensional electrical prospecting is realized. With the method provided by the invention, defects of poor two-dimensional electrical prospecting effect and low conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting efficiency can be overcome and advantages of high two-dimensional electrical prospecting efficiency and good conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting effect can be kept; and thus an optimal balance point can be found between the prospecting efficiency and the prospecting effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensional electrical prospecting method in Key words exploration geophysics field.
Background technology
In Key words exploration geophysics field, electrical prospecting is divided into one-dimensional, two and three dimensions electrical prospecting.One-dimensional electrical prospecting by
Low in surveying accuracy, effect is poor, does not use substantially at present；Two-dimentional electrical prospecting precision and effect be superior to it is one-dimensional, but explore effect
Rate is less than the latter；Conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting is divided into the three-dimensional electrical method of completeness, decussation and Γ shapes arrangement measuring electrode and surveys
Visit, its precision and effect are superior to peacekeeping two dimension, but due on supply terminals and measurement point quantity far more than peacekeeping two dimension,
So as to cause conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting efficiency far less than peacekeeping two dimension, therefore, although the method has exploration effect well
Really, but only adopted in the very crucial exploration area in part and in the case that funds are very sufficient on a small quantity.
Two-dimentional electrical prospecting needs electrical prospecting electric power system and measuring system are arranged in every exploration line, and rear issue
The data of every exploration line are carried out individual processing as 2-D data according in processing procedure, as actual exploration area is seldom deposited
In real two dimension geological anomalous body, it is more three-dimensional geological anomalous body, therefore two-dimentional electrical prospecting achievement is approximate achievement,
So as to cause its exploration effects poor.But as two-dimentional electrical prospecting is powered on the supply terminals of an exploration line, and only same
Carry out electrical method data acquisition in one exploration line, its exploration efficiency is higher, exploration effects are better than one-dimensional, therefore are electricity conventional at present
Method exploitation method.But as every exploration line of the method is required to arrange electric power system, cause the workload for arranging electric power system
It is larger；Often arrange that supply lines only measures a measurement line, if exploration area is with a varied topography, vegetation development, can cause to be difficult to
Supply lines cannot be arranged even, so as to the result for causing two-dimentional electrical prospecting carry out, the method is limited in complicated landform
Application.
Assume that certain two-dimentional every survey line in electrical prospecting area has m (m is the positive integer more than 1, same as below) individual supply terminals
With m measurement point, there is n (n is the positive integer more than 1, same as below) bar survey line, surveyed using one pole-monopolar operation device
Visit, then need to arrange m × n supply terminals in two-dimentional electrical prospecting, to gather the individual two-dimentional electrical prospecting data of n × m × (m-1)
(supply terminals itself is not measured).If being based on electrical prospecting principle of reciprocity, above-mentioned investigation and prospecting can be simplified, supply terminals
Number is individual for n × (m-1), and the two-dimentional electrical prospecting data of collection are n × (m-1) × (m-1)/2.If obtaining the electrical of more deep
Feature, then supply terminals need to be extended to beyond survey line end points, supply terminals quantity accordingly can increase, and reduce further the method
Exploration efficiency.
Completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting method is that the supply terminals to whole exploration area is respectively powered once, and each power supply
During point power supply, need to all measurement point gathered datas in whole exploration area.The method is the geological anomalous body in actual exploration area
Consider as three-dimensional geological anomalous body, more meet actual geological condition.But due to the supply terminals of completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting
Need to cover all measurement points in whole three-dimensional electrical prospecting area, and the quantity of supply terminals is equal to measurement point quantity, it is right to need
All supply terminals in whole exploration area are powered respectively, are needed to all in whole exploration area when each supply terminals is powered
Measurement point gathered data, due to supply terminals quantity excessively, so as to cause workload to be multiplied.
(wherein m is the grid of one measurement line of X-direction for m × n to assume certain three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region grid number
Number, n are the grid number of one measurement line of Y-direction), explored using one pole-monopolar operation device, then completeness three-dimensional electrical method
Need to arrange m × n supply terminals, collection m × n × (m × n-1) individual measurement data in exploration (supply terminals itself is not measured).
Based on electrical prospecting principle of reciprocity, half, as m × n × (m × n-1)/2 can be reduced to above-mentioned field data collection amount
Data.
Completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting data volume and workload are much larger than two-dimentional electrical prospecting, so as to cause in actual exploration
During need to put into substantial amounts of human and material resources and time, efficiency is low, high cost.In addition, in the wild in actual exploration process,
Due to three-dimensional electrical prospecting workload greatly, it is difficult to the workload of whole exploration area was completed within one day, once need complete across day
Into, then be required to daily arrange and reclaim the electric power system and measuring system of whole exploration area, exist very big human and material resources and
Waste of time, also results in that its exploration efficiency is lower, and the suitability is not strong.Be additionally, since completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting for
The landform in ground observation area has high demands, if with a varied topography, vegetation development, to arrangement electrical prospecting electric power system and measuring system
Bring very big difficulty, it is possible to lead to not carry out complete three-dimensional electrical prospecting work.Therefore, completeness three-dimensional electrical method
Although exploration has obvious advantage in effect and precision, as its efficiency is too low, high cost was required to landform
Height, so as to cause seldom to adopt in the method actual investigation and prospecting in the wild.
Based on completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting efficiency is very low, the shortcoming that the suitability is not strong, current someone have studied cross
Intersect the three-dimensional electrical prospecting method that measuring electrode is arranged with Γ shapes.Its starting point is mainly powered by reducing certain supply terminals
When measured measurement point quantity, so as to realize reducing field work amount, reach the purpose for improving exploration efficiency.But decussation
The three-dimensional electrical prospecting method of shape measuring electrode and Γ shape measuring electrodes does not reduce supply terminals, the power supply of its three-dimensional electrical prospecting
Point remains a need for covering all measurement points in whole three-dimensional electrical prospecting area, and the physical points quantity of supply terminals is equal to the thing of measurement point
Reason point quantity, due to supply terminals quantity excessively, and current power supply technique uses timesharing branch and powers, and is only capable of to one every time
Supply terminals is powered, so as to the workload for causing electric power system cannot be reduced.Select when the method is powered only with certain supply terminals
Part measurement point collection electrical method data, but to complete data collection task when all supply terminals are powered, whole exploration area each
The physical points of measurement point are required to arrangement, when being that some supply terminals are powered, have part measurement point not gather electrical method data, not
It is reduced the physical points arrangement of measurement point.Therefore above-mentioned cruciform shape measuring electrode and Γ shapes measuring electrode three-dimensional electrical prospecting side
Method increases relative to the exploration efficiency of completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting method, but reduces certain supply terminals confession by then passing through
Measurement point quantity measured when electric, therefore remain a need for carrying out all supply terminals of whole exploration area time sharing power supply, and need
The physical points of whole exploration area measurement point are arranged, therefore its exploration efficiency improves unobvious.
(wherein m is the grid of one measurement line of X-direction for m × n to assume certain three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region grid number
Number, n are the grid number of one measurement line of Y-direction), electrical prospecting is carried out using one pole-monopolar operation device, then cruciform shape
Need to arrange (m × n-1) individual supply terminals, collection in measuring electrode three-dimensional electrical prospecting
Individual measurement data；Need also exist for arranging (m × n-1) individual supply terminals, collection in the three-dimensional electrical prospecting of Γ shapes measuring electrodeIndividual electrical method data.The data acquisition amount of both the above method is still very big, and efficiency is carried
It is high unobvious.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is based on the exploration targets body characteristicses in electrical prospecting area, topography and geomorphology relief feature, by cloth
The electrical prospecting supply terminals of M shape is put, conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals quantity is reduced, realizes that M shape three-dimensional electrical method is surveyed
Spy method, improves three-dimensional electrical prospecting efficiency and effect.
As electrical prospecting electric power system is only capable of powering a supply terminals every time, at present cannot be by increasing many set power supplies
System is powered simultaneously, realizes reducing time and the cost of arrangement electrical prospecting electric power system.For conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting
Speech, arranges the high labor intensive of electric power system, and efficiency is low, if therefore can realize the quantity of reduction supply terminals, three can be significantly improved
Dimension electrical prospecting efficiency.Separately as electric power system is to meet the prescription that electrical prospecting gathers signal, its supply lines and power supply
It is extremely complicated than electrical prospecting measuring system and heavy, therefore the quantity of supply terminals is reduced, adopt relative to the data for reducing measurement point
For collection amount, its exploration efficiency improvement becomes apparent from.
As electrical prospecting measuring system can be realized while gathering, by multichannel electrical prospecting measuring system or multiple
Electrical prospecting measuring system, it is possible to achieve reduce whole three-dimensional electrical prospecting data acquisition time and cost, so as to improve field
Exploration efficiency, reduces exploration cost；And due to not reducing the data acquisition amount of all measurement points of three-dimensional electrical prospecting, and can protect
The three-dimensional electrical prospecting effect of card.
The present invention utilizes the excellent advantage of two-dimentional electrical prospecting efficiency high, three-dimensional electrical prospecting precision and effect, based on electrical method
The exploration targets body characteristicses of exploration area, topography and geomorphology relief feature, by M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals layout rules,
Three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals quantity is reduced, implements the three-dimensional electrical prospecting to all measurement points in exploration area, realize improving three
Dimension electrical prospecting efficiency and the purpose for improving exploration effects.The present invention can overcome that two-dimentional electrical prospecting effect is poor, conventional three-dimensional
The low shortcoming of electrical prospecting efficiency, inherits the excellent advantage of two-dimentional electrical prospecting efficiency high, conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting effect again,
Exploration efficiency and exploration effects find a more excellent equilibrium point between the two.
M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention is concretely comprised the following steps：
(1) the early stage Geological Achievements of look-ahead analysis exploration area, infer the trend or main shaft square of main geologic anomalous body in area
To, approximately perpendicular to trend or major axes orientation setting M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting X-direction, be approximately parallel to trend or main shaft
The Y-direction of direction setting M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting, wherein X-direction is mutually perpendicular to Y-direction, and is horizontal direction；
(2) required according to exploration, determine the X-direction of exploration area and the exploration length of Y-direction, and determine X side in exploration area
The numerical value of dot spacing d is measured to measurement dot spacing c and Y-direction, so that it is determined that the numerical value of exploration area mesh parameter a and b；
(3) based on the exploration targets body characteristicses of exploration area, topography and geomorphology relief feature, supplied using the electrical prospecting of M shape
Electric dot grid coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) computation rule, determine all power supplies of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting
Dot grid coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC), and arrange supply terminals；
(4) based on the exploration targets body characteristicses of exploration area, topography and geomorphology relief feature, will according to exploration in whole exploration area
Ask and X-direction measures the numerical value that dot spacing c, Y-direction measure dot spacing d, mesh parameter a and b, arrange that complete three-dimensional electrical method is surveyed
Visit measurement point；
(5) each supply terminals on above-mentioned selected M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply lines is powered respectively, using many
Passage electrical prospecting measuring system or multiple electrical prospecting measuring systems are to the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting in whole exploration area
Measurement point carries out electrical method data acquisition, gets the M shape three-dimensional electrical method of all measurement points in exploration area when each supply terminals is powered
Survey data；
(6) all electrical prospecting measurement data are integrated into M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting data, carry out M shape three-dimensional
Electrical data processing, obtains the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement of whole exploration area, so as to realize the rice word of whole exploration area
Shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting.
The X-direction of near normal trend or major axes orientation setting M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting wherein in step (1), closely
The concrete meaning of Y-direction of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting is set like parallel trend or major axes orientation as X-direction and main geologic
The trend or major axes orientation angle of anomalous body between 45～135 degree, and as far as possible close or equal to 90 degree；Y-direction with mainly
The trend or major axes orientation angle of matter anomalous body between -45～45 degree, and as far as possible close or equal to 0 degree；Wherein X-direction and Y
Direction is mutually perpendicular to, and is horizontal direction.
Wherein in step (2), the numerical value of exploration area mesh parameter a and b is established rules then as follows really：If M shape three-dimensional electrical method
The long L rice of exploration rectangle region X-direction, the long M rice of Y-direction, in exploration area, X-direction measures dot spacing for c rice, Y-direction measurement dot spacing
For d rice, as origin, then mesh parameter a and b of whole exploration area X-direction and Y-direction was calculated the central point with whole exploration area
Journey is as follows：If
Wherein in step (3), M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals layout rules are divided into two kinds of situations：The first situation
For, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length reach exploration targets body 2 times of predicted width and more than；
Second situation is that M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length is 2 times of the predicted width of exploration targets body
Below.
1st, the first situation, when M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length reaches exploration targets body
2 times of predicted width and during the above, the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals layout rules of the present invention are as follows：
If the grid lower-left angular coordinate of the exploration rectangle region is (- a ,-b), upper right angular coordinate is (a, b), then M shape three
Mesh coordinate (x, the y) formula of dimension electrical prospecting supply terminals position is set to：
Wherein formula (2), (3), (4), x, y, a, b, i in (5) are integer.
The rule according to more than, show that when M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length be exploration targets
When 2 times of the predicted width of body and the above, the central point with whole exploration area as origin, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals position
Actual relative coordinates (the X for puttingC,YC) formula is as follows：
(XC,YC)=(x × c, y × d) (6)
Wherein x, y are formula (2), (3), (4), the result of calculation of (5).
2nd, second situation, when M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length is exploration targets body
When below 2 times of predicted width, the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals layout rules of the present invention are as follows：
If exploration area landform limits more, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length is exploration mesh
Below 2 times of the predicted width of standard type, then it is the boundary effect for further reducing exploration area boundary survey point, improves whole exploration area
Surveying accuracy, all supply terminals are taken and are arranged with measurement point identical spacing distance in exploration area.
If the grid lower-left angular coordinate of the exploration area is (- a ,-b), upper right angular coordinate is (a, b), then the three-dimensional electricity of M shape
Mesh coordinate (x, the y) formula of method exploration supply terminals position is set to：
X, y, a, b wherein in formula (7) is integer.
The rule according to more than, show that when M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length be exploration targets
When less than 2 times of body predicted width, the central point with whole exploration area as origin, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals position
Actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) formula is as follows：
(XC,YC)=(x × c, y × d) (8)
Result of calculations of x, the y wherein in formula (8) for formula (7).
The M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting electric supply installation of the present invention adopts single-pole device, i.e., using in electrical prospecting meaning
A fixed current electrode of one infinity current electrode as three-dimensional electrical prospecting, another current electrode are then according to this
The mobile current electrode of the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals layout rules arrangement that invention is proposed.
The M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting measurement apparatus of the present invention can adopt two kinds of one pole and dipole measurement apparatus.One pole
Measurement apparatus are using an infinity measuring electrode in electrical prospecting meaning as a fixed three-dimensional electrical prospecting measurement
Electrode, another measuring electrode are the three-dimensional electrical prospecting measuring electrode moved in exploration area.Dipole measurement apparatus are then two
The three-dimensional electrical prospecting measuring electrode that electrical prospecting measuring electrode is moved in being exploration area.
By reducing, exploration area boundary survey point data amount is few to be led M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention
The Boundary Effect problem of cause, beyond proposing for the supply terminals of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting to be arranged into exploration area, surveys to increase
The data volume of exploratory area boundary survey point, so as to weaken the surveying accuracy reduction of the exploration area boundary survey point that boundary effect causes
Problem.
M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention, has due to all supply terminals location arrangements on straight line
Beneficial to the change that a position is powered in actual investigation and prospecting, current supply line can be also saved, improve and change supply terminals position
Work efficiency and save exploration cost.
M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention, by choosing M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals,
Reach reduce supply terminals quantity, evade electrical prospecting electric power system cannot and meanwhile power and heaviness inferior position；Proposition is not reduced
The mode of three-dimensional electrical prospecting measurement point quantity, fully excavates the advantage that electrical prospecting measuring system can be gathered simultaneously, and retains
The excellent advantage of three-dimensional electrical prospecting effect, so as to realize the high efficiency and more excellent exploration effects of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting.Should
Method has the advantages that the high accuracy exploration effects of the high exploration efficiency of two dimension and three-dimensional simultaneously.
(grid numbers of the wherein m for one exploration line of X-direction, n is Y for m × n to assume certain three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region grid number
The grid number of one exploration line in direction), explored using one pole-monopolar operation device, when three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction
When the length of exploration line reaches 2 times of the predicted width and the above of exploration targets body, then M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting only needs arrangementIndividual supply terminals, is gathered altogether
Individual three-dimensional electrical prospecting data.
M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method proposed by the present invention is remote due to substantially reduce the number power supply points, its exploration efficiency
Far above conventional three-dimensional electrical prospecting, but using three-dimensional electrical prospecting pattern, its exploration effects is better than conventional two dimension electricity
Method is explored.
If exploration area is excessive, multidomain treat-ment is carried out to exploration area, each little subregion carries out exploration area according to mentioned above principle
Mesh design, and carry out the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting of each little subregion, obtain the M shape three-dimensional electrical method of all little subregions
Survey data, finally carries out the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting data processing of whole exploration area, obtains the rice word of whole exploration area
Shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement.
If geological condition is few known to exploration area, it is difficult to judge the trend or major axes orientation of main geologic anomalous body, then can be with
Preliminary analyses are carried out to exploration area first, it is appropriate to increase X-direction measurement dot spacing c and Y-direction measurement dot spacing d, select suitable position
Put development M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting and sound out sex work, after obtaining initial achievements, then reduction X-direction is carried out to main abnormal area
The ciphering type M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting of measurement dot spacing c and Y-direction measurement dot spacing d, to realize exploration efficiency and to survey
Visit the optimization of effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting field arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the two-dimentional electrical prospecting resistivity inversion achievement of No. 1 earth-electricity model one pole-one pole numerical simulation result；
Fig. 3 is the two-dimentional electrical prospecting resistivity inversion achievement of No. 1 earth-electricity model one pole-dipole numerical simulation result；
Fig. 4 be No. 1 earth-electricity model one pole-one pole numerical simulation result M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting resistivity inversion into
Really；
Fig. 5 be No. 1 earth-electricity model one pole-dipole numerical simulation result M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting resistivity inversion into
Really；
Fig. 6 be No. 1 earth-electricity model one pole-one pole numerical simulation result completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting resistivity inversion into
Really；
Fig. 7 be No. 1 earth-electricity model one pole-dipole numerical simulation result completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting resistivity inversion into
Really.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and embodiment, the present invention will be further described, below illustrates to survey using M shape three-dimensional electrical method
Visit one pole to power-one pole measurement apparatus.
The electric power system of this method and the completely compatible existing electrical exploration equipment at present of measuring system energy, and measuring system
Multichannel electrical prospecting measuring system or many set electrical prospecting measuring systems can be adopted.
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 11 is infinity current electrode, and 2 is infinity supply lines, and 3 is electrical prospecting transmitter, and 4 survey for connection
The supply lines of exploratory area supply terminals, the cross symbol of 5 indications move the supply terminals of power pole, the circle of 6 indications for electrical prospecting
Measurement point of the symbol for electrical prospecting measuring electrode, part supply terminals and measurement point location overlap.
Assume the long L=400 rice of three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction, the long M=400 rice of Y-direction, X-direction survey in exploration area
Amount dot spacing c=40 rice, Y-direction measurement dot spacing d=40 rice, in exploration area, the predicted width of exploration targets body is 100 meters, by
4 times of the predicted width that line length reaches exploration targets body is measured in three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction, then according to formula (1)
Try to achieve a=5, b=5, then the grid lower-left angular coordinate of the exploration area be (- 5, -5), upper right angular coordinate for (5,5).
According to formula (2), (3), (4) and (5)
Wherein formula (2), (3), (4), x, y, a, b, i in (5) are integer.A, b numerical value is substituted into, M shape three is tried to achieve
The mesh coordinate (x, y) of dimension electrical prospecting supply terminals position is
X, y, i wherein in formula (9), (10), (11) and (12) is integer.
According to obtained as above, it can be deduced that the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting with whole exploration area central point as origin is powered
Actual relative coordinates (the X of point positionC,YC) be：
(XC,YC)=(x × 40, y × 40) (13)
Result of calculations of x, the y wherein in formula (13) for formula (9), (10), (11) and (12).
Result of calculation according to more than, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting one pole are powered the-concrete operations of one pole metering system
Step is as follows：
(1) the early stage Geological Achievements of exploration area are analyzed, the distribution situation of main geologic anomalous body in area is inferred, rice word is set
The X-direction of shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting sets the Y-direction and X-direction of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting across main geologic anomalous body
Vertically, wherein X is horizontal direction with Y-direction；
(2) M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals mesh coordinate (x, y) asked for according to more than and actual relative coordinates
(XC,YC), and combine exploration area practical situation, the confession of the mobile current electrode on exploration area and periphery reasonable Arrangement supply lines
Electricity point 5；
(3) select infinity supply terminals according to electrical prospecting principle and requirement outside exploration area, and lay infinity to power
Electrode 1 and current supply line 2；
(4) some M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting is selected to move the 5 (XA as shown in Figure 1 of supply terminals of current electrode-13)
Lay current supply line 4 and mobile current electrode；
(5) electrical prospecting infinity measurement point is selected according to electrical prospecting principle and requirement outside exploration area, and lay nothing
Poor remote measuring electrode and wire；
(6) measurement point 6 that network style arranges all M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting measuring electrodes is pressed in exploration area, and
Lay measuring electrode and wire；
(7) by electrical prospecting transmitter 3 is to infinity current electrode 1 and moves the supply terminals 5 of current electrode (such as Fig. 1
Shown XA-13) on electrode power supply, record the power supply current value of supply terminals, using multichannel or many set electrical prospecting measurement systems
System records the electricity when supply terminals is powered in exploration area between the measurement point 6 and infinity measuring electrode of each measuring electrode
Method data, it is to be collected to finish, then notify that electric power system changes 5 position of the supply terminals (XA as shown in Figure 1 of current electrode-9、
XA-7、XA-5、XA-4、……XA13、YA-13、YA-9、YA-7、YA-5、YA-4、……YA13Deng), repeat above-mentioned electrical method data acquisition
Process, until having gathered the electrical method data of all measurement points when each supply terminals is powered；
(8) get above-mentioned all M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals, the electrical method of all electrical prospecting measurement points to survey
After visiting data, ask for the apparent resistivity of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting or regard swashing the electrical method parameters such as electricity, by later data process,
M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement required for getting.
Jing exploration efficiency contrast experiments, numerical simulation exploration effects contrast experiment, it can be found that the method that the invention is proposed
It is significantly improved in exploration efficiency and exploration effects.
Exploration efficiency contrast experiment
Assume that two dimension, completeness three-dimensional, cruciform shape measuring electrode three are carried out in the stress and strain model exploration area to 11 × 11
Dimension, the three-dimensional electrical prospecting of three peacekeeping M shape of Γ shapes measuring electrode, then the workload carried out by every kind of method is to such as 1 institute of table
Show.
More than 1 kinds of electrical prospecting workload contrast table of table
From upper table, it is apparent that the electrical prospecting of M shape three-dimensional is evaded mainly by reducing supply terminals quantity as far as possible
The inferior position that cannot be powered using multiple stage electric power system simultaneously simultaneously, so as to improve the efficiency for laying supply terminals；By not reducing survey
The method of amount point, excavates the advantage that multichannel measuring system or multiple measuring systems can be measured simultaneously as far as possible, it is ensured that three-dimensional exploration
Exploration effects and improve work efficiency.Although the measurement data amount of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting is close to two dimension electrical prospecting
Six times, but as the method only lays 65 supply terminals, and the method using three-dimensional electrical prospecting pattern, its exploration effects compares two
Dimension exploration results are truer.If the geological anomalous body of exploration area has multiple trends or major axes orientation, two-dimentional electrical prospecting needs
Exploration line is arranged in multiple directions, the quantity of its supply terminals will be multiplied than what upper table was counted, and its achievement reliability is not high.
Therefore by carrying out three-dimensional electrical prospecting with few supply terminals of trying one's best, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting realizes that efficiency high, effect are excellent
Exploration.
Numerical simulation exploration effects contrast experiment
To contrast M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting and two-dimentional electrical prospecting, and M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting and completeness
The exploration effects of three-dimensional electrical prospecting, ad hoc fixed No. 1 earth-electricity model：300 × 300 meters of exploration area, X-direction measurement dot spacing c
20 meters are with Y-direction measurement dot spacing d, powered using one pole-electric-method exploration device of one pole measurement carry out numerical simulation and
Inverting.Shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) is 1000 ohm meters, and low-resistance exception body resistivity is 10 ohm meters.Low-resistance anomalous body is a length of side
For 100 meters of cube, low-resistance anomalous body horizontal positioned, its plane coordinates scope is for (- 50, -50)～(50,50), top is buried
It is deep 20 meters, 100 meters of thickness.
This only carries out indoor numerical simulation and inverting contrast to X-direction.
To No. 1 earth-electricity model by numerical simulation obtain one pole power-one pole measurement and one pole power-dipole measure electrical method
Survey data, then to the data compilation that obtains for corresponding two dimension electrical prospecting data, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting data with
And completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting data, and two-dimentional electrical prospecting inversion program and three-dimensional electrical prospecting inversion program is respectively adopted
Inverting is carried out, the inverting achievement of three kinds of methods, two kinds of devices is got.
From the inverting result map of three kinds of methods, two kinds of devices, (Fig. 2,3,4,5,6,7, the contour in figure are that resistivity is equivalent
Line) can draw, two-dimentional electrical prospecting inverting achievement is substantially accurate for low-resistance anomalous body morphological reaction, but for the electricity of country rock
There is obvious distortion phenomenon in the reaction of resistance rate.And M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting inverting achievement is for low-resistance exception volume morphing
Better than two-dimentional electrical prospecting achievement, similar with completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement, the low-resistance abnormal morphology of acquisition is basic for reaction
Upper is a rectangle low-resistance anomalous body, similar with No. 1 earth-electricity model practical situation；For the reaction of shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) is than two-dimentional electrical method
Exploration results are truer, obvious distortion phenomenon do not occur, with No. 1 earth-electricity model goodness of fit apparently higher than two-dimentional electrical prospecting into
Really.
Two-dimentional electrical prospecting, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting and the three-dimensional electricity of completeness by this to No. 1 earth-electricity model
The method numerical simulation that carries out of exploration and inverting, it is found that M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement and the actual feelings of No. 1 earth-electricity model
The goodness of fit of condition is better than two-dimentional electrical prospecting achievement, illustrates that the former exploration effects are more excellent.M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting into
Fruit is similar with completeness three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement, high with No. 1 earth-electricity model goodness of fit, but the former exploration efficiency is higher than the latter.
The exploration efficiency of various methods is contrasted by more than, as a result the contrast of numerical simulation exploration effects all demonstrates this
The M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method that invention is proposed is significantly improved in exploration efficiency and exploration effects.
Claims (4)
1. M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting method, it is characterised in that：Based on the exploration targets body characteristicses in electrical prospecting area, landform ground
Looks relief feature, arranges the electrical prospecting supply terminals of M shape, using electrical prospecting transmitter by the electrode of supply terminals to ground
Lower power supply, receives the electric field signal of each measurement point in a plurality of exploration line simultaneously using electrical prospecting receiver, asks for each confession
During electricity point power supply, the apparent resistivity and parameters of electrical induction of all measurement points, realizes M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting, concretely comprises the following steps：
(1) the early stage Geological Achievements of look-ahead analysis exploration area, infer the trend or major axes orientation of main geologic anomalous body in area, closely
Like the X-direction perpendicular to trend or major axes orientation setting M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting, trend or major axes orientation are approximately parallel to
The Y-direction of setting M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting, wherein X-direction is mutually perpendicular to Y-direction, and is horizontal direction；
(2) required according to exploration, determine the X-direction of exploration area and the exploration length of Y-direction, and determine that X-direction is surveyed in exploration area
Amount dot spacing c and Y-direction measure the numerical value of dot spacing d, so that it is determined that the numerical value of exploration area mesh parameter a and b；
(3) based on the exploration targets body characteristicses of exploration area, topography and geomorphology relief feature, using the electrical prospecting supply terminals of M shape
Mesh coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) computation rule, determine all supply terminals nets of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting
Lattice coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC), and arrange supply terminals；
(4) based on the exploration targets body characteristicses of exploration area, topography and geomorphology relief feature, in whole exploration area according to exploration require and
The numerical value of X-direction measurement dot spacing c, Y-direction measurement dot spacing d, mesh parameter a and b, arranges that complete three-dimensional electrical prospecting is surveyed
Amount point；
(5) powered to each supply terminals on above-mentioned selected M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply lines respectively, using multichannel
Electrical prospecting measuring system or multiple electrical prospecting measuring systems are to the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting measurement in whole exploration area
Point carries out electrical method data acquisition, gets the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting of all measurement points in exploration area when each supply terminals is powered
Data；
(6) all electrical prospecting measurement data are integrated into M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting data, carry out M shape three-dimensional electrical method
Data processing, obtains the M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting achievement of whole exploration area, so as to realize the M shape three of whole exploration area
Dimension electrical prospecting.
2. M shape as claimed in claim 1 three-dimensional electrical prospecting method, it is characterised in that：Near normal in step (1)
In trend or the X-direction of major axes orientation setting M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting, trend or major axes orientation setting rice are approximately parallel to
The concrete meaning of the Y-direction of font three-dimensional electrical prospecting is the trend or major axes orientation angle of X-direction and main geologic anomalous body
Between 45～135 degree, and as far as possible close or equal to 90 degree；The trend or major axes orientation folder of Y-direction and main geologic anomalous body
Angle between -45～45 degree, and as far as possible close or equal to 0 degree；Wherein X-direction is mutually perpendicular to Y-direction, and is level side
To.
3. M shape as claimed in claim 2 three-dimensional electrical prospecting method, it is characterised in that：Exploration area grid in step (2)
The numerical value of parameter a and b is established rules then as follows really：
If the long L rice of three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction, the long M rice of Y-direction, in exploration area, X-direction measures dot spacing for c rice, Y
Orientation measurement dot spacing is d rice, the central point with whole exploration area as origin, then the grid of whole exploration area X-direction and Y-direction
Parameter a and b calculating process are as follows：
4. M shape as claimed in claim 3 three-dimensional electrical prospecting method, it is characterised in that：M shape in step (3)
Electrical prospecting supply terminals mesh coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) computation rule is：
A when) the topography and geomorphology relief feature in electrical prospecting area does not affect the arrangement of exploration line, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle
The length of area X-direction measurement line reach 2 times of the predicted width of exploration targets body and more than, then M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting is powered
Dot grid coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) computation rule is as follows：If the grid lower left corner of the exploration rectangle region is sat
It is designated as (- a ,-b), upper right angular coordinate is (a, b), then the mesh coordinate (x, y) of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals position sets
It is set to：
Wherein formula (2), (3), (4), x, y, a, b, i in (5) are integer；
The rule according to more than, show that when M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length be that exploration targets body is pre-
When surveying 2 times of width and the above, the central point with whole exploration area as origin, M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals position
Actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) formula is as follows：
(XC,YC)=(x × c, y × d) (6)
Wherein x, y are formula (2), (3), (4), the result of calculation of (5)；
B, when) the topography and geomorphology relief feature in electrical prospecting area affects the arrangement of exploration line, cause M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting square
Less than 2 times of predicted width in exploration targets body of shape area X-direction measurement line length, the then three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals of M shape
Mesh coordinate (x, y) and actual relative coordinates (XC,YC) computation rule is as follows：If the grid lower-left angular coordinate of the exploration area for (-
A ,-b), upper right angular coordinate is (a, b), then the mesh coordinate (x, y) of M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals position is set to：
X, y, a, b wherein in formula (7) is integer；
The rule according to more than, show that when M shape three-dimensional electrical prospecting rectangle region X-direction measurement line length be that exploration targets body is pre-
When surveying less than 2 times of width, the central point with whole exploration area as origin, the reality of the three-dimensional electrical prospecting supply terminals position of M shape
Border relative coordinates (XC,YC) formula is as follows：
(XC,YC)=(x × c, y × d) (8)
Result of calculations of x, the y wherein in formula (8) for formula (7).
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