CN106597468A - Dual-mode laser imaging system and imaging method - Google Patents

Dual-mode laser imaging system and imaging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106597468A
CN106597468A CN201611007527.2A CN201611007527A CN106597468A CN 106597468 A CN106597468 A CN 106597468A CN 201611007527 A CN201611007527 A CN 201611007527A CN 106597468 A CN106597468 A CN 106597468A
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signal
target
laser
echo
detected
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CN106597468B (en
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刘波
陈念江
眭晓林
曹昌东
颜子恒
赵娟莹
吴姿妍
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CETC 11 Research Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/89Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-mode laser imaging system and an imaging method. The system includes a laser light source, an optical splitter, a laser processing module. a laser beam splitting module, a local oscillator switch, an echo signal receiving module, a detector, a frequency-mixing module, and a signal processing module. According to the invention, the dual-mode laser imaging system can be switched between a direct detection mode and a coherent detection mode by means of the local oscillator switch when detecting targets and laser radars are in different modes. In this way, the advantages of fast close-range imaging speed, high resolution, simple implementation and the like are realized. Meanwhile, the high-sensitivity detection of a target distance at a long distance is realized based on coherent detection. During the actual application process, the long-range single-point action distance information as far as possible and the short-range target multi-point distance information are acquired for facilitating target identification.

Description

A kind of dual-mode laser imaging system and imaging method
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser radar field, more particularly to a kind of dual-mode laser imaging system and imaging method.
Background technology
Existing visible ray and infrared imaging only have the two dimensional image of target without range information, and visible ray and red The performance of outer imaging device is affected respectively by illumination condition and target temperature characteristic.
It is the section gating formula laser imaging radar of existing single-mode, many slit streak tube laser imaging radars, continuous Ripple modulation laser imaging radar, gain modulation laser imaging radar, laser long distancemeter, only have closely is carried out to target Need to be obtained as far as possible remote in the function of one, with practical application in three-dimensional imaging or telemeasurement target range Remote operating distance, needs in the demand mismatch for closely obtaining target high-resolution range information beneficial to target identification again.
The content of the invention
In order to need to obtain single-point operating distance as far as possible with practical application medium and long distance, closely need to obtain mesh Mark multiple spot range information is consistent beneficial to target identification, the invention provides a kind of dual-mode laser imaging system and imaging method.
The dual-mode laser imaging system that the present invention is provided, including LASER Light Source, optical splitter, laser processing modules, laser point Beam module, local oscillator switch, echo signal reception module, detector, frequency mixing module and signal processing module:
The LASER Light Source, for producing seed source;
The optical splitter, for the seed source to be divided into into two-way, riches all the way is incident upon laser processing modules, all the way as this The signal that shakes is launched to local oscillator switch;
The laser processing modules, for being modulated to the seed source, amplifying and Shape correction;
The laser beam splitter module, for the seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction to be divided into into multichannel sub-light Launch after beam to target to be detected;
The local oscillator switch, for being under remote pattern in the detection target and laser radar, exports described Signal shake to frequency mixing module;It is under closely pattern in the detection target and laser radar, forbids exporting the local oscillator letter Number to frequency mixing module;
The echo signal reception module, for receiving each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected, and exports to institute State frequency mixing module;
The frequency mixing module, for when the local oscillation signal is received, by each road echo-signal and the local oscillator Signal carries out Frequency mixing processing, obtains being mixed Hou Ge road echo-signals and exporting to the detector;Described is not being received Shake signal when, directly each road echo-signal is exported to the detector;
The detector, for respectively to carrying out light through Frequency mixing processing or without each road echo-signal of Frequency mixing processing Export to signal processing module after electricity conversion, shaping and enhanced processing;
The signal processing module, for according to through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo Signal obtains the range information of target to be detected, or according to through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo letter Number obtain the Range Profile of target each point to be detected.
The imaging method of the dual-mode laser imaging system that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps:
Produce seed source and be divided into two-way, to wherein all the way seed source is modulated, amplifies and Shape correction, by another road Seed source is used as local oscillation signal;
Seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction is divided into after multichannel beamlet and is launched to target to be detected;
Receive each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected;
It is under remote pattern, by each road echo-signal and the local oscillator in the detection target and laser radar Signal carries out Frequency mixing processing, obtains being mixed Hou Ge roads echo-signal, will mixing Hou Ge roads echo-signal carry out opto-electronic conversion, Shaping and enhanced processing, and obtain waiting to visit according to mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal is passed through Survey the range information of target;
It is under closely pattern in the detection target and laser radar, directly each road echo-signal is carried out into light Electricity conversion, shaping and enhanced processing, and according to being treated through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal The Range Profile of detection target each point.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention can make dual-mode laser imaging system straight when detection target is in different patterns from laser radar Connect and switch between detection and coherent detection, not only have the advantages that closely place's imaging is fast, high resolution, realize it is simple, and And also have in the remote ability using coherent detection high sensitivity target range, need to obtain with practical application medium and long distance Single-point operating distance as far as possible, closely needs acquisition target multicast range information to be consistent beneficial to target identification.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, And can be practiced according to the content of specification, and in order to allow the above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can Become apparent, below especially exemplified by the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention embodiment dual-mode laser imaging system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the dual-mode laser imaging system of apparatus of the present invention examples Example 1;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the imaging method of the inventive method embodiment dual-mode laser imaging system.
Specific embodiment
In order to need to obtain single-point operating distance as far as possible with practical application medium and long distance, closely need to obtain mesh Mark multiple spot range information is consistent beneficial to target identification, during space flight detection lander drops to celestial body surface and sharp During optical radar is to the identification process of target, more efficient safe, more simple and reliable land are on celestial body surface and complete target identification.This Invention provides a kind of dual-mode laser imaging system and imaging method, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is carried out Further describe.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only limits this to explain the present invention, not It is bright.
A kind of device embodiment of the invention, there is provided dual-mode laser imaging system, Fig. 1 is that apparatus of the present invention are implemented The structural representation of example dual-mode laser imaging system, as shown in figure 1, being according to the imaging of the dual-mode laser of apparatus of the present invention embodiment System includes LASER Light Source 10, optical splitter 11, laser processing modules 12, laser beam splitter module 13, local oscillator switch 14, echo letter Number receiver module 15, frequency mixing module 16, detector 17 and signal processing module 18;Below to each mould of the embodiment of the present invention Block is described in detail.
Specifically, the LASER Light Source, for producing seed source.More specific, the LASER Light Source is swashed using pulse Light device.
The optical splitter, for the seed source to be divided into into two-way, riches all the way is incident upon laser processing modules, all the way as this The signal that shakes is launched to local oscillator switch.
Specifically, the laser processing modules, for being modulated to the seed source, amplifying and Shape correction.
More specific, the laser processing modules include modulator, amplifier and reshaper;
The modulator, for the seed source process is modulated;
The amplifier, for being amplified process to the seed source after modulation;
The reshaper, for carrying out Shape correction to the seed source after amplification.
Specifically, the laser beam splitter module, for the seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction to be divided into into many Launch after way light beam to target to be detected.More specific, the laser beam splitter module adopts diffraction beam splitting system, preferably Efficiently extend beam splitting system.
In apparatus of the present invention embodiment, the detector adopts array APD (avalanche photodide), including N × N number of Probe unit;Corresponding, the laser beam splitter module is specifically for by the seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction It is divided into after N × N number of beamlet and launches to target to be detected.
Specifically, the local oscillator switch, for being under remote pattern in the detection target and laser radar, output The local oscillation signal is to frequency mixing module;It is under closely pattern in the detection target and laser radar, forbids output described Local oscillation signal is to frequency mixing module.
Specifically, the echo signal reception module, for receiving each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected.
More specific, the echo signal reception module is laser pick-off camera lens, and the laser pick-off camera lens can be Single port footpath camera lens.
Specifically, the frequency mixing module, for when the local oscillation signal is received, by each road echo-signal and institute Stating local oscillation signal carries out Frequency mixing processing, obtains being mixed Hou Ge road echo-signals and exporting to the detector;Do not receiving During the local oscillation signal, directly each road echo-signal is exported to the detector.
Specifically, the detector, for respectively to through Frequency mixing processing or each road echo letter without Frequency mixing processing Number carry out being exported to signal processing module after opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing.
In the present invention, echo signal reception module, detector, the position of laser beam splitter module to be adjusted so that each Beamlet can return to corresponding detector cells after target to be detected reflection.
Specifically, the signal processing module, for according to after mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Each road echo-signal obtains the range information of target to be detected, or according to each after opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Road echo-signal obtains the Range Profile of target each point to be detected.
It is more specific, the signal processing module specifically for,
To carrying out being segmented frequency domain process through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal, look for Go out frequency spectrum it is maximum when signal segment time delay, the distance letter of target to be detected is obtained according to the time delay of signal segment of frequency spectrum when maximum Breath;
Carry out time-domain analysis to the echo-signal after opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing, and with the threshold value of setting It is compared, during up to or over threshold value pulse signal is produced, the distance of target each point to be detected is obtained according to pulse signal Picture.
In order to better illustrate the dual-mode laser imaging system of apparatus of the present invention embodiment, example 1 is provided, Fig. 2 is this The structural representation (in fig. 2 some parts do not mark title) of the dual-mode laser imaging system of bright device embodiment example 1.
In the dual-mode laser imaging system that apparatus of the present invention embodiment is provided, LASER Light Source adopts pulse laser, visits Survey device and adopt array APD (avalanche photodide), using dual-mode laser Detecting System, receive mode and switched straight by local oscillator Connect and switch between detection and coherent detection, when target range laser radar is detected farther out, local oscillator switch is opened, at laser radar In coherent detection mode, detector array is used as single-element detector, make local oscillation signal and echo-signal mixing, by when Signal after frequency analysis mixing measures the range information of target point;When laser radar distance objective is nearer, closes local oscillator and open Close, detector array is used as multiunit detector, each probe unit can detect sub-light all the way on detector array The range information that beam is returned, finally gives high resolution range profile, is conducive to target detail to recognize.
Compare with visible ray with infrared imaging, the dual-mode laser imaging system of apparatus of the present invention embodiment is used actively Laser lighting, its imaging effect is little with use condition relation;Compared with microwave radar, the bimodulus of apparatus of the present invention embodiment swashs Photoimaging systems have the incomparable spatial resolution of microwave radar and range resolution ratio (picture quality), are not easy to by electromagnetism Interference;Compared with sweep type laser radar, the dual-mode laser imaging system of apparatus of the present invention embodiment has imaging rate height, figure Do not affected by optical quality and scanning accuracy as quality, without high-speed moving part, reliability is high, do not need stabilized platform, use The features such as facilitating;With the section of single-mode gating formula laser imaging radar, many slit streak tube laser imaging radars, continuous wave Modulation laser imaging radar, gain modulation laser imaging radar are compared, the dual-mode laser imaging system of apparatus of the present invention embodiment Except have the advantages that array detection three-dimensional imaging closely place's imaging is fast, high resolution, realize it is simple, also with long distance From the ability using coherent detection high sensitivity target range, need to obtain single-point as far as possible with practical application medium and long distance Operating distance, closely needs acquisition target multicast range information to be consistent beneficial to target identification.
The method according to the invention embodiment, there is provided a kind of imaging method of dual-mode laser imaging system, Fig. 2 is this The flow chart of the imaging method of the dual-mode laser imaging system of bright embodiment of the method, as shown in Fig. 2 being implemented according to the inventive method The imaging method of the dual-mode laser imaging system of example includes following process:
Step 201, produces seed source and is divided into two-way, to wherein all the way seed source is modulated, amplifies and Shape correction, Using another road seed source as local oscillation signal;
Step 202, by through modulation, amplify and Shape correction after seed source be divided into after multichannel beamlet and launching to waiting to visit Survey target;
Step 203, receives each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected;
Step 204, in detection target and the laser radar under remote pattern, will each road echo-signal and The local oscillation signal carries out Frequency mixing processing, obtains being mixed Hou Ge roads echo-signal, and mixing Hou Ge roads echo-signal is carried out Opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing, and according to through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo letter Number obtain the range information of target to be detected;
Step 205, is under closely pattern in the detection target and laser radar, directly believes each road echo Opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing number are carried out, and according to through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo letter Number obtain the Range Profile of target each point to be detected.
The detector adopts array APD, including N × N number of probe unit, and corresponding, step 202 specifically includes following step Suddenly:
Seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction is divided into after N × N number of beamlet and is launched to mesh to be detected Mark.
Specifically, obtain to be detected according to through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal The range information of target specifically includes following steps:
To carrying out being segmented frequency domain process through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal, look for Go out frequency spectrum it is maximum when signal segment time delay, the distance letter of target to be detected is obtained according to the time delay of signal segment of frequency spectrum when maximum Breath.
Specifically, target to be detected is obtained according to through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal The Range Profile of each point specifically includes following steps:
Carry out time-domain analysis to the echo-signal after opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing, and with the threshold value of setting It is compared, during up to or over threshold value pulse signal is produced, the distance of target each point to be detected is obtained according to pulse signal Picture.
In order to describe the imaging method of the dual-mode laser imaging system of the present invention in detail, example 1 is given.In example 1, The imaging method of dual-mode laser imaging system is comprised the following steps:
(1), pulse laser is opened, produces seed source;
(2), seed source is divided into into two-way, all the way through frequency modulation(PFM), copped wave and power amplification, another road is opened into local oscillator Close;
(3), the laser signal after amplification enters laser beam splitter system through shaping, beam of laser is divided into into N × N Light beam, then launches to detection target, and records beam emissions moment tl, and the pixel of detector is also N × N;Adjustment is received Camera lens, detector, the position of laser beam splitter system so that each beamlet can return to corresponding after target object reflection Detector pixel;
(4) laser pick-off camera lens receives each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected;
(5) it is under remote pattern in the detection target and laser radar, makes local oscillator switch in open mode, will Each road echo-signal carries out Frequency mixing processing with the local oscillation signal, obtains being mixed Hou Ge roads echo-signal;The mixing Hou Ge roads echo-signal has respectively entered the corresponding probe unit of N × N faces battle array APD, and each probe unit is sharp to detecting Optical signal carries out opto-electronic conversion, and the electric signal after conversion is through shaping, amplification;To through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and amplification Process Hou Ge roads echo-signal and carry out being segmented frequency domain and process, find out frequency spectrum it is maximum when signal segment time delay, according to frequency spectrum most The time delay of signal segment when big obtains the range information of target to be detected;
(6) it is under closely pattern in the detection target and laser radar, is closed local oscillator switch, directly The corresponding probe unit for making each road echo-signal have respectively entered N × N faces battle array APD is connect, each probe unit is to detection Carry out opto-electronic conversion to laser signal, the electric signal after conversion through shaping, amplify, to through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and amplification Echo-signal after process carries out time-domain analysis, and is compared with the threshold value of setting, and during up to or over threshold value arteries and veins is produced Signal is rushed, the Range Profile of target each point to be detected is obtained according to pulse signal;
(7), the Range Profile of target each point is sent to into host computer, and is color coded, by target each point three in visual field Dimension image is shown.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, the present invention is not limited to, for those skilled in the art For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All any modifications within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made, Equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of dual-mode laser imaging system, is applied to laser radar, it is characterised in that including LASER Light Source, optical splitter, laser Processing module, laser beam splitter module, local oscillator switch, echo signal reception module, frequency mixing module, detector and signal transacting mould Block:
The LASER Light Source, for producing seed source;
The optical splitter, for the seed source to be divided into into two-way, riches all the way is incident upon laser processing modules, believes as local oscillator all the way Number launch to local oscillator switch;
The laser processing modules, for being modulated to the seed source, amplifying and Shape correction;
The laser beam splitter module, for the seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction to be divided into after multichannel beamlet Launch to target to be detected;
The local oscillator switch, for being under remote pattern in the detection target and laser radar, exports the local oscillator letter Number to frequency mixing module;In detection target and the laser radar under closely pattern, forbid exporting the local oscillation signal and arrive Frequency mixing module;
The echo signal reception module, mixes for receiving each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected, and exporting to described Frequency module;
The frequency mixing module, for when the local oscillation signal is received, by each road echo-signal and the local oscillation signal Frequency mixing processing is carried out, obtains being mixed Hou Ge road echo-signals and exporting to the detector;The local oscillator letter is not being received Number when, directly each road echo-signal is exported to the detector;
The detector, for respectively to through Frequency mixing processing or without Frequency mixing processing each road echo-signal carry out photoelectricity turn Change, export to signal processing module after shaping and enhanced processing;
The signal processing module, for according to through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal Obtain the range information of target to be detected, or according to obtaining through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal To the Range Profile of target each point to be detected.
2. dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser processing modules include modulation Device, amplifier and reshaper;
The modulator, for the seed source process is modulated;
The amplifier, for being amplified process to the seed source after modulation;
The reshaper, for carrying out Shape correction to the seed source after amplification.
3. dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the detector adopts array avalanche optoelectronic Diode APD, the array APD include N × N number of probe unit;
The laser beam splitter module by the seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction specifically for being divided into N × N number of son Launch after light beam to target to be detected.
4. dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal processing module specifically for,
To carrying out being segmented frequency domain process through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal, frequency is found out The time delay of signal segment when spectrum is maximum, according to the time delay of signal segment of frequency spectrum when maximum the range information of target to be detected is obtained;
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the echo-signal after opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing, and is carried out with the threshold value of setting Relatively, pulse signal is produced during up to or over threshold value, the Range Profile of target each point to be detected is obtained according to pulse signal.
5. dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the LASER Light Source adopts pulse laser Device.
6. dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser beam splitter module is using diffraction point Photosystem.
7. a kind of imaging method of dual-mode laser imaging system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Produce seed source and be divided into two-way, to wherein all the way seed source is modulated, amplifies and Shape correction, by another road seed Source is used as local oscillation signal;
Seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction is divided into after multichannel beamlet and is launched to target to be detected;
Receive each road echo-signal of target reflection to be detected;
It is under remote pattern, by each road echo-signal and the local oscillation signal in the detection target and laser radar Frequency mixing processing is carried out, obtains being mixed Hou Ge roads echo-signal, mixing Hou Ge roads echo-signal is carried out into opto-electronic conversion, shaping And enhanced processing, and obtain mesh to be detected according to through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal Target range information;
It is under closely pattern in the detection target and laser radar, directly each road echo-signal is carried out into photoelectricity and turned Change, shaping and enhanced processing, and obtain to be detected according to through opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal The Range Profile of target each point.
8. the imaging method of dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the detector adopts battle array Row avalanche photodide APD, the array APD include N × N number of probe unit;
Seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction is divided into launching to target to be detected after multichannel beamlet and is specifically wrapped Include following steps:
Seed source after modulation, amplification and Shape correction is divided into after N × N number of beamlet and is launched to target to be detected.
9. the imaging method of dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that according to through mixing, light Electricity conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal obtain the range information of target to be detected and specifically include following step Suddenly:
To carrying out being segmented frequency domain process through mixing, opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal, frequency is found out The time delay of signal segment when spectrum is maximum, according to the time delay of signal segment of frequency spectrum when maximum the range information of target to be detected is obtained.
10. the imaging method of dual-mode laser imaging system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that according to turning through photoelectricity Change, shaping and enhanced processing Hou Ge road echo-signal obtain the Range Profile of target each point to be detected and specifically include following steps:
Time-domain analysis is carried out to the echo-signal after opto-electronic conversion, shaping and enhanced processing, and is carried out with the threshold value of setting Relatively, pulse signal is produced during up to or over threshold value, the Range Profile of target each point to be detected is obtained according to pulse signal.
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