One kind detection Hg2+Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection Hg2+Method, and in particular to one kind can in vivo, food, medicine and ring
Apply in border for detecting Hg2+Method.
Background technology
It is well known that heavy metal pollution causes increasingly serious impact to human body health and living environment.Hydrargyrum is
A kind of heavy metal with serious physiological-toxicity, with high animal migration and bioconcentration, is distributed widely in all kinds of surrounding mediums
In food chain, by migration and transformation, water body, soil, air and biosphere etc. are circulated in.Hg2+Wastewater Pollutant is
The important component part of water pollution is constituted, the electrodeless mercury contaminants entered in water can not be biodegradable, but participate in food
Chain is circulated, and can be the higher methyl mercury of toxicity by microorganism conversion, after being enriched with a large number in vivo through food chain (especially
Fish) human body is entered, the health of the mankind is seriously threaten, the infringement of central nervous system, hormonal system and brain can be caused,
Additionally, it may also can destroy human immune system, death is even resulted in.For this purpose, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the European Community
The maximum permissible value for proposing Mercury in Drinking Water respectively is 10nM and 5nM.
Therefore, quick, sensitive, accurate Hg is set up2+Detection method not only facilitates environmental monitoring, simultaneously for clinical doctor
The numerous areas such as, life sciences, food hygiene, medicine and cosmetics also have important realistic meaning.
At present, Hg2+Detection method mainly include:Spectrophotography, Atomic Absorption/emission spectrometry, inductive etc.
Ionomer emission spectrum method (ICPMS), cold steam atomic fluorescence spectrometry, chromatography, electrochemical process etc., however, compared to high
Expensive instrument and reagent, numerous and diverse sample pretreatment, time-consuming testing process etc., fluorescence method is more suitable for Hg2+Detection, not only
Convenience, economic, quickly detection requirement are preferably met, meanwhile, also there is highly sensitive, high selectivity, in water ring
Border improvement, clinical medicine, creation conservation culture environment and guarantee people's health aspect are of great immediate significance.
In recent years, modern molecular biology technique and nanometer new material develop into Hg2+Highly sensitive, specific biological pass
Sense detection technique provides new thinking and advantage, emerges many new techniques, new method.As golden nanometer particle family
In the Cenozoic, gold nanometer cage once come out just caused extensive concern and research.Research shows, including Hg2+Interior many
Metal ion species can specifically with nucleotide " bridging ", be allowed to form stable metal ion-base pair.Wherein, Hg2+Energy
The DNA base of enough and mispairing interacts to T-T, forms stable T-Hg2+- T base pairs, this characteristic is in bio-sensing
Design shows huge potentiality with application aspect, is Hg2+Detection provide new, special, efficient detection platform.Using
The gold nanometer cage of positive surface charge modification is quiet with gold nanometer cage surface using the single stranded DNA rich in T bases as nano container
Electro ultrafiltration builds the detection Hg of biosensor2+Technology yet there are no document report.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that prior art is present, for the biology based on the single stranded DNA-gold nanometer cage rich in T bases
Sensor has no report, therefore, the first object of the present invention:Propose and build and a kind of new can be used to detect Hg2+Biology
Sensor, will gold nanometer cage and Hg2+Identification probe and positive surface charge modification technique combine, and have the biosensor
Can biological response molecule door, once add target molecule to be measured such as Hg2+, it will there is Hg2+With rich in T bases single stranded DNA it
Between specific molecular identification reaction, i.e., in T-Hg2+Under the coordination of-T, the single stranded DNA rich in T bases is transformed into similar sending out
The double-spiral structure of card-type, causes the single stranded DNA rich in T bases to depart from from gold nanometer cage surface, makes the molecule door in plugging cage hole
It is opened, and is released the guest molecule such as fluorescence molecule in hole, the fluorescence signal of system is strengthened;Therefore, may be used
By system fluorescence intensity increase indicating Hg2+Presence and its concentration;Using the biosensor, it is right to realize
Hg2+The detection of highly sensitive, high selectivity;The second object of the present invention:A kind of detection Hg is provided2+Biosensor preparation
Method;The third object of the present invention:There is provided a kind of using biosensor detection Hg2+Method.By inspection proposed by the present invention
Survey method is used for Hg2+Fluoroscopic examination, Hg can be significantly increased2+The sensitivity of detection and accuracy, are environmental monitoring, food
The application of the numerous areas such as product health, medicine and cosmetics provides new method with research.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions goal of the invention.Detection Hg proposed by the present invention2+Bio-sensing
Device is, using gold nanometer cage as nano-carrier, using its hollow porous architectural characteristic, guest molecule to be loaded inside it for example glimmering
Optical molecule, in order to prevent leaking for fluorescence molecule, by single strand dna door of its surface-assembled rich in T bases, by Jenner
The hole closure on rice cage surface;Wherein, the described single stranded DNA rich in T bases is, through specially designed, to enable and Hg2+
There is the identification reaction of specificity, its base sequence is 3 '-TTT GTT TGT TGG CCC CCC TTC TTT CTT A-
5 ', it can be assembled into gold nanometer cage surface by electrostatic interaction, specifically can be by gold nanometer cage surface modification positive electricity
The method of lotus and be assembled into gold nanometer cage surface, preferably by positive charge dressing agent diallyl dimethyl ammoniumchloride
In the strata cation of gold nanometer cage surface modification one.
Preferably, above-mentioned detection Hg2+Biosensor, described fluorescence molecule is rhodamine B.
One kind prepares detection Hg proposed by the present invention2+Biosensor preparation method, comprise the steps:
(1) magnetic bead is mixed with gold nanometer cage solution, shaken at room temperature 8-12h, Magneto separate, removes supernatant, add sun from
Sub- coating material diallyl dimethyl ammoniumchloride solution, is shaken at room temperature overnight;
(2) Magneto separate, removes supernatant, adds fluorescent material rhodamine B solution, is shaken at room temperature overnight;
(3) the single stranded DNA solution rich in T bases is added, is shaken at room temperature overnight;
(4) Magneto separate, cleaning is obtained detection Hg2+Biosensor.
A kind of biosensor detection Hg using the present invention2+Method, step is as follows:
(1) by Hg2+Sample solution is added in the biosensor of the present invention, and 37 DEG C of constant temperature oscillations react 1-3h, in T-
Hg2+Under the coordination of-T, there is Hg2+With the specific molecular identification reaction of the single stranded DNA rich in T bases, make rich in T alkali
The single stranded DNA of base departs from from gold nanometer cage surface, and molecule door is opened, and the rhodamine B molecule in gold nanometer cage is released;
(2) the above-mentioned solution of Magneto separate, collects supernatant, detects its fluorescence signal.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Detection Hg proposed by the present invention2+Biosensor be by gold nanometer cage with rich in T alkali
The single stranded DNA of base combines, and molecular biosciences door is formed by electrostatic interaction, using target molecule Hg2+It is special between molecule door
Property molecular recognition reaction, make the single strand dna door rich in T bases be opened, discharge fluorescence molecule, realize fluorescence letter
Number detection, the method makes Hg2+Detection sensitivity be significantly improved, be capable of achieving to target molecule Hg2+Highly sensitive, high selection
The detection of property.Detection Hg proposed by the present invention2+Biosensor there is simple structure, good stability, controllability is strong, fluorescence
The advantages of signal is sensitive, meanwhile, not by other common interference materials such as Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Cu2+Plasma
Impact, with high selectivity, can be applicable to the field Hg such as environmental monitoring, health care2+Fluoroscopic examination.Experimental result table
Detection Hg that is bright, being proposed using the present invention and prepared2+Biosensor can be 5.0 × 10-12~1.0 × 10-9It is real in the range of M
Now to Hg2+The detection of highly sensitive, high selectivity.Detection Hg2+Biosensor and preparation method thereof and detection technique in ring
The fields such as border monitoring, health care, food safety, life sciences have larger application potential and wide application prospect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1:Different Hg2+The fluorescence signal intensity of concentration.
Fig. 2:Hg2+The linear relationship of concentration and fluorescence signal intensity.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment according to the present invention is the following is, technical scheme is described further, but this
Bright protection domain is not limited to these embodiments.Every change or equivalent substitute without departing substantially from present inventive concept is included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, but the present invention is not limited by following embodiments.
Experimental apparatus:THZ-82A gas bath constant temperature oscillators (medical apparatus and instruments factory of Jintan City);F-4600 spectrofluorophotometers
(Hitachi, Japan);Magnetic separation rack (thinks again happy chromatographic technique development centre in Tianjin).
Experiment reagent:3-4 μm of sulfydryl modification magnetic bead (thinking happy chromatographic technique development centre again in Tianjin);Rhodamine B (I
Fourth);Single stranded DNA rich in T bases:3 '-TTT GTT TGT TGG CCC CCC TTC TTT CTT A-5 ' (Shanghai life work lifes
Thing Engineering stock Co., Ltd), PBS buffer solution is 0.01M (pH 7.4, Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4)。
Embodiment 1:
One kind prepares detection Hg proposed by the present invention2+Biosensor method, comprise the steps:
(1) 20 μ L sulfydryl magnetic beads are taken, is uniformly mixed with 400 μ L gold nanometer cages after being cleaned with PBS buffer solution, shaken at room temperature
10h, Magneto separate is cleaned with PBS buffer solution, removes supernatant, is added in the complex of resulting magnetic bead-gold nanometer cage
200 μ L concentration for 11.664mg/mL diallyl dimethyl ammoniumchloride solution, shaken at room temperature 10h;
(2) the above-mentioned solution of Magneto separate, adds 100 μ L1.0 × 10 after being cleaned with PBS buffer solution-5Mol/L rhodamine Bs
PBS solution, shaken at room temperature 10h;
(3) it is 1.0 × 10 to add 10 μ L concentration to above-mentioned solution-5The single stranded DNA solution rich in T bases of M, 37 DEG C of vibrations
12h, Magneto separate removes supernatant, detects Hg2+Biosensor prepare complete;
Wherein, described sulfydryl magnetic bead is the commodity (thinking happy chromatographic technique development centre again in Tianjin) of purchase;Described
Gold nanometer cage press literature method obtain (G.D.Moon, S.W.Choi, X.Cai, W.Y.Li, E.C.Cho, U.Jeong,
L.V.Wang and Y.N.Xia.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,4762–4765)。
Embodiment 2:
One kind utilizes biosensor proposed by the present invention for Hg2+Detection, method is as follows:
(1) by Hg2+Sample solution is added to detection Hg proposed by the present invention2+Biosensor in, with PBS buffer it is molten
Liquid (PH=7.4) dilutes, 37 DEG C of constant temperature oscillation 2h, and Hg occurs2+Know with the specific molecular between the single stranded DNA rich in T bases
Do not react, i.e., in T-Hg2+Under the coordination of-T, the single stranded DNA rich in T bases is transformed into the Double helix knot of similar hair fastener type
Structure, causes the single stranded DNA rich in T bases to depart from from gold nanometer cage surface, and the molecule door for making plugging cage hole is opened, and makes in hole
Guest molecule rhodamine B be released;
(2) the above-mentioned solution of Magneto separate, collects supernatant, fluoroscopic examination, testing conditions:Excitation wavelength and launch wavelength are distinguished
For 530,573nm.
Fig. 1 is the Hg of variable concentrations2+Corresponding fluorescence signal intensity, Hg2+Concentration be respectively (0;1.0×10-13;5.0
×10-13;1.0×10-12;5.0×10-12;1.0×10-11;4.0×10-11;8.0×10-11;1.0×10-10;5.0×10-10;
1.0×10-9;1.0×10-8;1.0×10-7M);Fig. 2 is Hg2+The linear relationship of concentration and fluorescence signal intensity.As a result show,
Hg2+Concentration is 5.0 × 10-12~1.0 × 10-9During M, fluorescence signal intensity and Hg2+The logarithm value of concentration is in good linear pass
It is that its linear equation is:FL=332.6791+64.6606lgCHg 2+(10-13M), linearly dependent coefficient is 0.9963.
The present invention in combination with molecular biotechnology, reacts nanotechnology by the molecular recognition of specificity, is capable of achieving
To Hg2+Highly sensitive, high selectivity detection.Specifically gold nanometer cage is repaiied with the single stranded DNA rich in T bases and positive surface charge
Decorations technology combines, make the biosensor have can biological response molecule door, once have Hg2+Exist, then Hg occurs2+With
Specific molecular identification reaction between single stranded DNA rich in T bases, i.e., in T-Hg2+Under the coordination of-T, rich in T bases
Single stranded DNA be transformed into the double-spiral structure of similar hair fastener type, cause the single stranded DNA rich in T bases de- from gold nanometer cage surface
From, the molecule door for making plugging cage hole is opened, and is released the guest molecule rhodamine B in hole, therefore, using the life
Thing sensor, can realize to Hg2+The detection of highly sensitive, high selectivity.
Biosensor with gold nanometer cage as carrier proposed by the present invention has simple structure, and good stability is controllable
Property it is strong, the advantages of fluorescence signal is sensitive, meanwhile, not by other common interference materials such as Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Ca2+,
Cu2+The impact of plasma, with high selectivity, can be used for Hg2+Highly sensitive, specific detection, be not only able to for environment prison
The detection of the field such as survey, health care, food safety, life sciences heavy metal provides new approaches and methods, meanwhile, based on this
The controlled release technologies of guest molecule are also cancer target in the nano-carrier of invention, drug delivery, the clinic of major disease examine
It is disconnected to carry out new thinking with treatment belt.
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Sequence table
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110>Qingdao University of Science and Technology
<120>A kind of method of detection Hg2+
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<210> 1
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<212> DNA
<213>Artificial sequence
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attctttctt ccccccggtt gtttgttt 28