CN106595813B - Oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity making and oil-water interface detection method - Google Patents
Oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity making and oil-water interface detection method Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
- G01F23/2962—Measuring transit time of reflected waves
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity building and a detection method of an oil-water interface, wherein the detector comprises a water hammer excitation device, data acquisition equipment and a computer; wherein the water hammer excitation device is connected with the computer through data acquisition equipment; and the computer is provided with a signal processing and analyzing system. The water hammer excitation device is arranged at a wellhead, generates pressure fluctuation, simultaneously acquires dynamic pressure signals, enters a computer through data acquisition equipment, and is subjected to post-treatment by a signal processing and analyzing system. The depth of the oil-water interface can be calculated by adopting a coupling method, an echo standard method or a sound velocity method. The invention can accurately and real-timely measure the depth of the oil-water interface in the well without putting a measuring tool in the well, and the prior equipment can not achieve the effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of a salt cavern gas storage and an oil-water interface detection method, and belongs to the technical field of cavity building of salt cavern gas storage.
Background
In the process of cavity making of the natural gas salt cavern gas storage, water needs to be injected from the ground to a downhole salt layer through a central pipe, and brine is returned out through an annulus between the central pipe and a middle pipe. As this process continues, cavities are formed in the salt layer and continue to grow until the volume of the cavities meets design requirements. In the cavity making process, in order to ensure that the bottom and the top of a salt layer are not penetrated by dissolution and prevent the stored natural gas from leaking, diesel oil is generally injected into the underground from an annulus between a middle pipe and a sleeve as a solvent resistance; because the density of the diesel oil is less than that of the brine, the diesel oil is positioned above the brine, and the shape of the dissolution cavity can be controlled and the bottom and the top of the salt layer are protected from being dissolved through by adjusting the depth of the diesel oil/brine interface. The prior art is based on the current source theory, and the detection precision is limited by the number and distribution of the sensors; the position of the pipe column needs to be regularly adjusted along with the continuous change of the depth of the oil-water interface, so that the workload is high; in addition, the operational life of the sensor is extremely challenging for high temperature and high pressure salt cavern reservoirs. In addition, the optical fiber is used for measuring the oil-water interface on site, the measurement accuracy is also limited by the number and distribution of temperature measuring points, and the equipment is expensive. At present, a measuring scheme with low cost, convenient construction and high precision is lacking.
Therefore, how to change the current situation and provide an oil-water interface detector and a detection method have become a technical problem to be solved in the technical field of salt cavern cavity making.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages, an object of the present invention is to provide a water hammer excitation device.
The invention also aims to provide an oil-water interface detector for the salt cavern gas storage cavity making, which comprises the water hammer excitation device.
The invention also aims to provide an oil-water interface detection method adopting the oil-water interface detector for cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a water hammer excitation device, which includes a blow-off valve, a low pressure chamber, a control valve, and a high pressure chamber;
wherein a first end of the low pressure chamber is connected with the vent valve, and a second end of the low pressure chamber is connected with a first end of the control valve; the second end of the control valve is connected with the first end of the high-pressure chamber, and the second end of the high-pressure chamber is provided with external threads for being connected with a wellhead;
the low-pressure chamber is provided with a pressure gauge for reading the pressure in the low-pressure chamber;
the high-pressure chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for collecting pressure signals and a temperature and pressure integrated sensor.
According to the water hammer excitation device of the present invention, preferably, the pressure sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor.
In the use process, the water hammer excitation device provided by the invention generates pressure fluctuation, simultaneously acquires dynamic pressure signals, enters a computer through data acquisition equipment, and finally is subjected to post-treatment by a signal processing and analyzing system.
The water hammer excitation device provided by the invention is characterized in that the pressure sensor is used for measuring dynamic pressure signals in an annulus; the temperature and pressure integrated sensor is used for measuring the temperature and pressure of the wellhead.
On the other hand, the invention also provides an oil-water interface detector for the salt cavern gas storage cavity making, which comprises the water hammer excitation device, data acquisition equipment and a computer;
wherein the water hammer excitation device is electrically connected with the computer through data acquisition equipment; and the computer is provided with a signal processing and analyzing system.
According to the detector of the present invention, preferably, the data acquisition device is a sampling rate adjustable data acquisition device.
According to the detector of the present invention, preferably, the signal processing and analyzing system includes a data acquisition module, a filtering module and an analysis and calculation module;
the filtering module is used for carrying out digital signal processing by adopting wavelet analysis and Kalman filtering;
the analysis and calculation module is used for calculating the interface depth by adopting a coupling method, an echo standard method or a sound velocity method.
In still another aspect, the present invention further provides an oil-water interface detection method in a cavity-making process of a salt cavern gas storage, which is implemented by using the oil-water interface detector for cavity-making of a salt cavern gas storage, and the method includes the following steps:
adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of the salt cavern gas storage to obtain a coupling wave and an interface wave;
if the coupling wave is clear, the coupling method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method is operated according to the following steps: firstly, measuring the average wave velocity v of pressure waves passing through the sleeve, and then obtaining the oil-water Interface depth L_interface according to the average wave velocity v, the time T of Interface waves reaching the pressure sensor and the time T1 of the last coupling wave reaching the pressure sensor;
if the coupling wave cannot be identified and a echo mark is arranged in the shaft, the oil-water interface depth is obtained by adopting the echo mark method, and the method is operated according to the following steps:
firstly, obtaining a echo standard wave by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of the salt cavern gas storage; then measuring the average wave velocity v from the wellhead to the echo mark; and finally, obtaining the depth of the oil-water interface according to the average wave velocity v, the time T1 when the echo standard wave arrives at the pressure sensor and the time T when the interface wave arrives at the pressure sensor.
According to the method of the invention, preferably, if the coupling wave cannot be identified and no echo mark is installed in the shaft, the sound velocity method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method is operated according to the following steps:
establishing a shaft temperature field model, a pressure field model and a wave velocity model, and respectively calculating a temperature profile and a pressure profile of the whole shaft according to the shaft temperature field model, the pressure field model and the wave velocity model, so as to calculate a wave velocity profile; and finally, calculating the oil-water Interface depth L_interface according to the time T of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor.
According to the method of the invention, preferably, the method for obtaining the coupling wave, the interface wave and the echo standard wave by adopting the oil-water interface detector for the cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage comprises the following specific steps:
1) Completely opening a control valve and an emptying valve of the water hammer excitation device, and exhausting air in the water hammer excitation device by matching with a valve at the wellhead;
2) Closing the emptying valve, completely opening the valve at the wellhead, closing the control valve, and enabling the pressure in the water hammer excitation device to be equal to wellhead casing pressure at the moment; slowly opening the vent valve, releasing pressure in the low-pressure chamber to generate proper pressure difference between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber, and closing the vent valve;
3) Rapidly opening and closing the control valve to generate pressure waves which propagate downhole in the diesel in the annulus; the pressure sensor collects pressure signals reflected by the coupling, the oil-water interface and the echo mark, enters a computer through the data collection equipment, and is subjected to post-treatment by the signal processing and analyzing system to obtain the coupling wave, the interface wave and the echo mark wave.
According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the pressure difference in step 2) is of a magnitude of 3-5MPa.
According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the post-processing in step 3) comprises digital signal processing of the pressure signal using wavelet analysis and kalman filtering.
According to the method of the invention, the echo mark is a conventional part used in the field, and in the specific embodiment of the invention, the echo mark comprises a safety valve, a sleeve shoe and the like.
According to the method, preferably, the oil-water interface depth is obtained by adopting the coupling method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
firstly, determining the depth corresponding to each coupling wave according to a known tubular column table, and marking the depth corresponding to the last coupling wave as L; then determining the time of the last coupling wave and the last but one coupling wave reaching the pressure sensor, respectively marking as t1 and t2, and the length of the sleeve between the couplings corresponding to the last coupling wave and the last but one coupling wave, marking as l, and calculating the average wave velocity v of the pressure wave passing through the sleeve according to the following formula 1:
and determining the time of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor, recording as T, and finally calculating according to the average wave velocity v and the time T1 of the last coupling wave reaching the sensor and the following formula 2 to obtain the oil-water Interface depth L_interface:
l_interface=l+0.5 (T-T1) ×v formula 2.
The method of the invention, wherein the coupling wave, the echo standard wave and the interface wave are all pressure waves, the pressure waves are called coupling waves reflected back to the wellhead when encountering the coupling, the pressure waves are called echo standard waves reflected back to the wellhead when encountering the echo standard, and the pressure waves are called interface waves reflected back to the wellhead when encountering the oil-water interface.
According to the method of the invention, preferably, the echo standard method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, obtaining a echo standard wave by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of the salt cavern gas storage; then determining the time t1 of the echo mark wave reaching the pressure sensor, and calculating according to the known depth L of the echo mark by the following formula 3 to obtain the average wave velocity v from the wellhead to the echo mark:
v=2l/t 1 formula 3;
finally, obtaining the depth L_Interface of the oil-water Interface according to the average wave velocity v, the time T1 of arrival of the echo standard wave at the pressure sensor and the time T of arrival of the Interface wave at the pressure sensor and the following formula 4;
l_interface=l+0.5 (T-T1) ×v formula 4.
According to the method, preferably, the sound velocity method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
establishing a shaft temperature field model, a pressure field model and a wave velocity model, and respectively calculating a temperature profile and a pressure profile of the whole shaft according to the shaft temperature field model, the pressure field model and the wave velocity model, so as to calculate the wave velocity profile through the following formula 5;
finally, according to the time T of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor, calculating to obtain the oil-water Interface depth L_interface through the following formula 6;
l_interface=0.5×t×v formula 6.
The oil-water interface detector and the oil-water interface detection method for the salt cavern gas storage cavity making can accurately measure the depth of the oil-water interface in the shaft in real time, and a measuring tool does not need to be put into the shaft in the detection process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water hammer excitation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-water interface detector for cavity construction of a salt cavern gas storage;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the oil-water interface detector for the salt cavern gas storage cavity making provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical features, objects and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a water hammer excitation device, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the device comprises a vent valve, a low-pressure chamber, a control valve and a high-pressure chamber;
wherein a first end of the low pressure chamber is connected with the vent valve, and a second end of the low pressure chamber is connected with a first end of the control valve; the second end of the control valve is connected with the first end of the high-pressure chamber, and the second end of the high-pressure chamber is provided with external threads for being connected with a wellhead;
the low pressure chamber is provided with a pressure gauge;
the high-pressure chamber is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature and pressure integrated sensor.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an oil-water interface detector for cavity construction of a salt cavern gas storage, the structure schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 2, and the working principle schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 3; as can be seen from fig. 2, the detector comprises the water hammer excitation device, the data acquisition equipment and the computer provided in embodiment 1;
wherein the water hammer excitation device is connected with the computer through data acquisition equipment; the computer is provided with a signal processing and analyzing system;
the data acquisition equipment is adjustable in sampling rate;
the signal processing and analyzing system comprises a data acquisition module, a filtering module and an analysis and calculation module;
the filtering module is used for carrying out digital signal processing by adopting wavelet analysis and Kalman filtering, and the analysis and calculation module is used for calculating the interface depth by adopting a coupling method, an echo standard method or a sound velocity method.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an oil-water interface detection method in a salt cavern gas storage cavity manufacturing process, which is realized by adopting the oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity manufacturing provided in the embodiment 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), obtaining a reflected pressure signal by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage;
1) Completely opening a control valve and a blow-off valve of the water hammer excitation device, and matching with a valve (not labeled in the figure) at the wellhead to blow off air in the water hammer excitation device;
2) Closing the emptying valve, completely opening the valve at the wellhead, closing the control valve, and enabling the pressure in the water hammer excitation device to be equal to wellhead casing pressure at the moment; slowly opening the emptying valve, releasing pressure in the low-pressure chamber to generate a pressure difference of 3MPa between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber, and closing the emptying valve;
3) Rapidly opening and closing the control valve to generate pressure waves which propagate downhole in the diesel in the annulus; the pressure sensor collects pressure signals reflected by the casing collar and the oil-water interface, enters a computer through data collection equipment, and is subjected to post-treatment by a signal processing and analyzing system to obtain collar waves and interface waves;
step (2), observing that the coupling waves are clear, determining the depth corresponding to each coupling wave according to a known tubular column table, and recording the depth corresponding to the last coupling wave as l=600m; then determining the time of arrival of the last coupling wave and the last but one coupling wave at the sensor, which are respectively marked as t1=1s and t2=0.984 s, and the length of the sleeve between the couplings corresponding to the last coupling wave and the last but one coupling wave, which is marked as l=9.6m, and calculating the average wave velocity v=1200m/s of the pressure wave passing through the sleeve according to the following formula:
determining the time of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor, recording as T=1.2s, and finally obtaining the Interface depth L_interface=720m according to the average wave speed v and the time T1 of the last coupling wave reaching the sensor by the following formula;
L_Interface＝L+0.5(T-t1)×v。
example 4
The embodiment provides an oil-water interface detection method in a salt cavern gas storage cavity manufacturing process, which is realized by adopting the oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity manufacturing provided in the embodiment 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), obtaining a reflected pressure signal by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage;
1) Completely opening a control valve and an emptying valve of the water hammer excitation device to empty air in the water hammer excitation device;
2) Closing the emptying valve, completely opening the valve at the wellhead, closing the control valve, and enabling the pressure in the water hammer excitation device to be equal to wellhead casing pressure at the moment; slowly opening the emptying valve, releasing pressure in the low-pressure chamber to generate a pressure difference of 3MPa between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber, and closing the emptying valve;
3) Rapidly opening and closing the control valve to generate pressure waves which propagate downhole in the diesel in the annulus; the pressure sensor collects pressure signals reflected by a casing collar, a echo mark and an oil-water interface, enters a computer through data collection equipment, and is subjected to post-treatment by a signal processing and analyzing system to obtain a collar wave, an echo mark wave and an interface wave;
observing that the coupling wave cannot be identified, and adopting the echo mark method to obtain the depth of an oil-water interface as a result of installing the echo mark in the shaft, and operating according to the following steps:
step (2), determining the time of arrival of the echo mark wave at the pressure sensor, which is denoted as t1=1s, determining the time of arrival of the Interface wave at the pressure sensor, which is denoted as t=1.2s, calculating the average wave velocity v=2l/t1=1200m/s from the wellhead to the echo mark according to the known echo mark lower depth l=600m, and further calculating the Interface depth l_interface=72m according to the following formula;
L_Interface＝L+0.5(T-t1)×v。
example 5
The embodiment provides an oil-water interface detection method in a salt cavern gas storage cavity manufacturing process, which is realized by adopting the oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity manufacturing provided in the embodiment 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), obtaining a reflected pressure signal by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage;
1) Completely opening a control valve and an emptying valve of the water hammer excitation device to empty air in the water hammer excitation device;
2) Closing the emptying valve, and closing the control valve, wherein the pressure in the water hammer excitation device is equal to the wellhead casing pressure; slowly opening the emptying valve, releasing pressure in the low-pressure chamber to generate a pressure difference of 3MPa between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber, and closing the emptying valve;
3) Rapidly opening and closing the control valve to generate pressure waves which propagate downhole in the diesel in the annulus; the pressure sensor collects pressure signals reflected by the casing collar and the oil-water interface, enters a computer through data collection equipment, and is subjected to post-treatment by a signal processing and analyzing system to obtain collar waves and interface waves;
observing that the coupling wave cannot be identified, and adopting the echo mark method to obtain the depth of an oil-water interface as no echo mark is installed in the shaft, and operating according to the following steps:
step (2), determining the time of the interface wave reaching the pressure sensor, which is recorded as T=1.471 s, and the diesel oil density is 800kg/m 3 The ground temperature gradient is 3 ℃/100m, the wellhead temperature is 20 ℃, the wellhead pressure is 6MPa, and the method (steps a-f) is used for iterative calculation:
a. setting the depth of an initial oil-water interface to be 1000m;
b. calculating a temperature value (35 ℃) and a pressure value (9.924 MPa) of the middle point of the diesel liquid column according to the ground temperature gradient and the diesel density;
c. calculating the diesel wave velocity v= 1351.7m/s from the temperature and pressure data by the formula;
d. calculating a new oil-water Interface depth according to l_interface=0.5×t×v, wherein the depth is 994.18m;
e. c, comparing the new oil-water interface depth with the initial oil-water interface depth, if the deviation is larger than 0.001, enabling the initial oil-water interface depth to be 994.18m, returning to the step a, and calculating again until the deviation is smaller than 0.001;
f. the final calculated interface depth was 994.29m.
Claims (6)
1. The method is characterized in that the method is realized by adopting an oil-water interface detector for the cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage, and the oil-water interface detector for the cavity making of the salt cavern gas storage comprises a water hammer excitation device, data acquisition equipment and a computer;
the water hammer excitation device is electrically connected with the computer through data acquisition equipment; the computer is provided with a signal processing and analyzing system, and the signal processing and analyzing system comprises a data acquisition module, a filtering module and an analysis and calculation module;
the filtering module is used for carrying out digital signal processing by adopting wavelet analysis and Kalman filtering;
the analysis and calculation module is used for calculating the interface depth by adopting a coupling method, an echo standard method or a sound velocity method;
the water hammer excitation device comprises a blow-off valve, a low-pressure chamber, a control valve and a high-pressure chamber;
wherein a first end of the low pressure chamber is connected with the vent valve, and a second end of the low pressure chamber is connected with a first end of the control valve; the second end of the control valve is connected with the first end of the high-pressure chamber, and the second end of the high-pressure chamber is provided with external threads for being connected with a wellhead;
the low-pressure chamber is provided with a pressure gauge for reading the pressure in the low-pressure chamber;
the high-pressure chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for collecting pressure signals and a temperature and pressure integrated sensor;
wherein the method comprises the following steps:
adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of the salt cavern gas storage to obtain a coupling wave and an interface wave;
if the coupling wave is clear, the coupling method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method is operated according to the following steps: firstly, measuring the average wave velocity v1 of pressure waves passing through a sleeve, and then obtaining the oil-water Interface depth L_interface according to the average wave velocity v1, the time T of Interface waves reaching a pressure sensor and the time T1 of the last coupling wave reaching the pressure sensor;
the oil-water interface depth is obtained by adopting the coupling method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the depth corresponding to each coupling wave according to a known tubular column table, and marking the depth corresponding to the last coupling wave as L1; then determining the time of the last coupling wave and the last but one coupling wave reaching the pressure sensor, respectively marking as t1 and t2, and the length of the sleeve between the couplings corresponding to the last coupling wave and the last but one coupling wave, marking as l, and calculating the average wave velocity v1 of the pressure wave passing through the sleeve according to the following formula 1:
and determining the time of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor, recording as T, and finally calculating according to the average wave velocity v1 and the time T1 of the last coupling wave reaching the sensor and the following formula 2 to obtain the oil-water Interface depth L_interface:
l_interface=l1+0.5 (T-T1) ×v1 formula 2;
if the coupling wave cannot be identified and a echo mark is arranged in the shaft, the oil-water interface depth is obtained by adopting the echo mark method, and the method is operated according to the following steps:
firstly, obtaining a echo standard wave by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of the salt cavern gas storage; then measuring the average wave velocity v2 from the wellhead to the echo mark; finally, obtaining the depth of the oil-water interface according to the average wave velocity v2, the time T3 when the echo standard wave arrives at the pressure sensor and the time T when the interface wave arrives at the pressure sensor;
the echo standard method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, obtaining a echo standard wave by adopting an oil-water interface detector for cavity building of the salt cavern gas storage; then determining the time t3 of arrival of the echo standard wave at the pressure sensor, and calculating according to the known depth L2 of the echo standard by the following formula 3 to obtain the average wave velocity v2 from the wellhead to the echo standard:
v2=2×l2/t3 formula 3;
finally, obtaining the depth L_interface of the oil-water Interface according to the average wave velocity v2, the time T3 of arrival of the echo standard wave at the pressure sensor and the time T of arrival of the Interface wave at the pressure sensor and the following formula 4;
l_interface=l2+0.5 (T-T3) ×v2 formula 4;
if the coupling wave cannot be identified and no echo mark is installed in the shaft, the sound velocity method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method is operated according to the following steps:
establishing a shaft temperature field model, a pressure field model and a wave velocity model, and respectively calculating a temperature profile and a pressure profile of the whole shaft according to the shaft temperature field model, the pressure field model and the wave velocity model, so as to calculate a wave velocity profile; finally, calculating the oil-water Interface depth L_interface according to the time T of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor;
the sound velocity method is adopted to obtain the depth of the oil-water interface, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
establishing a shaft temperature field model, a pressure field model and a wave velocity model, and respectively calculating a temperature profile and a pressure profile of the whole shaft according to the shaft temperature field model, the pressure field model and the wave velocity model, so as to calculate the wave velocity profile through the following formula 5;
finally, according to the time T of the Interface wave reaching the pressure sensor, calculating to obtain the oil-water Interface depth L_interface through the following formula 6;
l_interface=0.5×t×v3 formula 6.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the coupling wave, the interface wave and the echo standard wave by using the oil-water interface detector for the cavity creation of the salt cavern gas storage comprises the following specific steps:
1) Completely opening a control valve and an emptying valve of the water hammer excitation device, and exhausting air in the water hammer excitation device by matching with a valve at the wellhead;
2) Closing the emptying valve, completely opening the valve at the wellhead, closing the control valve, and enabling the pressure in the water hammer excitation device to be equal to wellhead casing pressure at the moment; slowly opening the vent valve, releasing pressure in the low-pressure chamber to generate proper pressure difference between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber, and closing the vent valve;
3) Rapidly opening and closing the control valve to generate pressure waves which propagate downhole in the diesel in the annulus; the pressure sensor collects pressure signals reflected by the coupling, the oil-water interface and the echo mark, enters a computer through the data collection equipment, and is subjected to post-treatment by the signal processing and analyzing system to obtain the coupling wave, the interface wave and the echo mark wave.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pressure difference in step 2) is of a magnitude of 3-5MPa.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the post-processing in step 3) comprises digital signal processing of the pressure signal using wavelet analysis and kalman filtering.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor.
6. The method of claim 1 or 5, wherein the data acquisition device is a sample rate adjustable data acquisition device.
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| CN201611224432.6A CN106595813B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity making and oil-water interface detection method |
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| CN201611224432.6A CN106595813B (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Oil-water interface detector for salt cavern gas storage cavity making and oil-water interface detection method |
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| CN107907187B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for measuring gas-liquid interface depth of salt cavern gas storage |
| CN108119128A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | The equipment and its pressure-wave emission analogy method that simulated pressure ripple is propagated in the wellbore |
| CN111380595B (en) * | 2020-03-29 | 2021-02-23 | 华中科技大学 | Salt cavern gas storage gas-liquid interface measuring method and system based on sound velocity difference |
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