CN106595625A - Method for measuring rotational angle frequency by means of molecular electric dipole moment procession - Google Patents
Method for measuring rotational angle frequency by means of molecular electric dipole moment procession Download PDFInfo
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- CN106595625A CN106595625A CN201611026581.1A CN201611026581A CN106595625A CN 106595625 A CN106595625 A CN 106595625A CN 201611026581 A CN201611026581 A CN 201611026581A CN 106595625 A CN106595625 A CN 106595625A
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- frequency
- molecule
- dipole moment
- precession
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/60—Electronic or nuclear magnetic resonance gyrometers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotational measurement, and discloses a method for measuring the rotational angle frequency by means of molecular electric dipole moment procession. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a hexahedral sealed container is filled with gas molecules with permanent electric dipole moment; secondly, a voltage is applied to an up-down parallel plate capacitor formed by an upper electrode plate and a lower parallel plate; thirdly, a radio-frequency voltage is applied to a front-back parallel plate capacitor formed by a front electrode plate and a back electrode plate, so that a radio-frequency electric field E1 in the x-axis direction is generated in the hexahedral sealed container, and the generated radio-frequency frequency is same as the frequency of electric dipole moment procession of the gas molecules in a rotational state under a static electric field E0; fourthly, precession of a polarization intensity vector is conducted in the x-y plane and a voltage signal is generated on a left-right parallel plate capacitor formed by a left electrode plate and a right electrode plate, and the precession frequency of the polarization intensity vector is obtained. According to the method, a magnetic field does not need to be shielded, and the measuring method is relatively simple and practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rotation measuring technical field, more particularly, to a kind of method that measurement rotates angular frequency.
Background technology
Rotation measuring technology is widely used a kind of technology in modern Aviation, navigation, space flight and national defense industry.Gyro
Instrument is the instrument for carrying out rotation measuring.
The change that magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument passes through measurement nuclear spin Larmor precession frequency under additional the action of a magnetic field
Come the measurement for realizing rotating.When gyroscope equipment is around magnetostatic field B0Direction when being rotated with angular frequency Ω, the Larmor for measuring
Precession frequency is
ωobs=γ B0- Ω,
Wherein, γ is gyromagnetic ratio, equal to nuclear magnetic moment and the ratio of nuclear spin angular momentum.Typically in magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument
In, make atomic spin polarize by the method for optical pumping, Spin precession is driven by the AC magnetic field perpendicular to magnetostatic field, lead to
Cross optical meanss to detect turning effect, such as using Dehmelt technologies and using Faraday effect (E.A.Donley,
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyroscopes, Proceedings to the IEEE Sensors
Conference.2010:17-22).In order to measure rotational frequency Ω, the size of magnetostatic field must be stablized and accurately known.It is high-precision
Degree gyroscope proposes very harsh requirement to the stability of magnetostatic field, needs external magnetic field to carry out the screen of very high quantity level
Cover, it usually needs multi-layer shield (T.W.Kornack, R.K.Ghosh, and M.V.Romalis, Phys.Rev.Lett.95,
230801,2005；Rujie Li,Wenfeng Fan,Liwei Jiang,Li hongDuan,Wei Quan,and
Jiancheng Fang, Phys.Rev.A 94,032109,2016), this technically realizes complex and difficulty.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of utilize electric dipole moment of molecule precession
The method that measurement rotates angular frequency, it need not be shielded to magnetic field, and the fairly simple practicality of measuring method.
For achieving the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, rotate angular frequency using electric dipole moment of molecule precession measurement there is provided a kind of
The method of rate, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) gas molecule with permanent electric dipole moment is filled with hexahedron sealing container, wherein, the hexahedron is close
Envelope container is collectively formed by electric pole plate, bottom electrode plate, front battery lead plate, rear electrode plate, left battery lead plate and right battery lead plate；
(2) applied voltage on the plane-parallel capacitor up and down that electric pole plate and lower parallel-plate are constituted, seals hexahedron
Electrostatic field along the z-axis direction is formed in container and the electrostatic field is E0, so that the gas molecule polarizes and produces and z-axis
Parallel polarization intensity vector, wherein, the z-axis vertically extends；
(3) keep the voltage applied on upper and lower plane-parallel capacitor constant, and constitute in front battery lead plate and rear electrode plate
Apply radio-frequency voltage on plane-parallel capacitor in front and back, make the rf electric field E that x-axis direction is produced in hexahedron sealing container1, and produce
Raw rf frequency is with the gas molecule in a certain rotating state in electrostatic field E0Under electric dipole moment precession frequency it is identical；
Under rf electric field effect, the polarization intensity vector of the gas molecule of the rotating state will rotate, in the electric polarization
Vector rotational angle closes radio-frequency voltage when reaching 90 °, now the polarization intensity vector is located at x-y plane, wherein, the x-
Y plane is the plane determined by the x-axis for extending along the longitudinal direction and the y-axis for extending in left-right direction, and x-axis, y-axis and z
Axle collectively forms cartesian coordinate system；
(4) in electrostatic field E0In the presence of, the polarization intensity vector in x-y plane precession and in left battery lead plate and
Voltage signal is produced on the left and right plane-parallel capacitor that right battery lead plate is constituted；Become by measuring voltage on the plane-parallel capacitor of left and right
The frequency of change can obtain the precession frequency of electric polarization vector, according to Ω=γEE0-ωobsRotational frequency Ω can be measured, wherein,
γEFor electric dipole moment of molecule μEThe ratio of projection and molecule rotation angular momentum on molecule rotation angular momentum J directions, ωobsFor
The Larmor precession frequency for measuring.
Preferably, the action time of radio-frequency voltage is t in step (3)p=π/γEE1。
Preferably, the gas molecule is symmetric top molecule.
Preferably, the gas molecule is CH3F。
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
The present invention measures the container for rotating angular frequency using electric dipole moment of molecule precession by three pairs of plane-parallel capacitor structures
Into the inside is filled with gas molecule, the electrostatic field polar molecule electric dipole moment produced using upper and lower plane-parallel capacitor, before and after utilization
The rf electric field that plane-parallel capacitor is produced makes the polarization intensity vector of specific rotating state molecule turn to x-y plane, utilizes
The precession frequency of left and right plane-parallel capacitor measuring electrode strength vector, therefore magnetic field need not be shielded, and measure
Apparatus structure is simple, the more convenient practicality of measuring method.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hexahedron sealing container in the present invention；
Fig. 2 (a)～Fig. 2 (c) is molecule polarization intensity vector motion schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each embodiment
Not constituting conflict each other just can be mutually combined.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of method that utilization electric dipole moment of molecule precession measurement rotates angular frequency, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) gas molecule with permanent electric dipole moment is filled with hexahedron sealing container, wherein, the hexahedron is close
Envelope container is collectively formed by electric pole plate, bottom electrode plate, front battery lead plate, rear electrode plate, left battery lead plate and right battery lead plate；Gas point
Son is preferably symmetric top molecule, more preferably CH3F, gas density is 1 × 1016cm-3, the temperature in hexahedron sealing container
For room temperature, the volume of hexahedron sealing container is 10-3m3；
(2) applied voltage on the plane-parallel capacitor up and down that electric pole plate and lower parallel-plate are constituted, seals hexahedron
Electrostatic field along the z-axis direction is formed in container and the electrostatic field is E0=1kV/cm, so that the gas molecule polarizes simultaneously
The polarization intensity vector parallel with z-axis is produced, wherein, the z-axis vertically extends；
(3) keep the voltage applied on upper and lower plane-parallel capacitor constant, and constitute in front battery lead plate and rear electrode plate
Apply radio-frequency voltage on plane-parallel capacitor in front and back, make the rf electric field E that x-axis direction is produced in hexahedron sealing container1=
4.28kV/m, radio-frequency voltage frequency be in rotating state | J=3, K=3>Gas molecule in electrostatic field E0Under electric dipole moment
Precession frequency is identical, is 233.8MHz.Under rf electric field effect, | J=3, K=3>The electric polarization of rotating state molecule
Vector will rotate, and when rotational angle reaches 90 degree radio-frequency voltage is closed.The action time of radio-frequency voltage is tp=π/γEE1, bring parameter into and be calculated as 0.05 μ s, now polarization intensity vector is located at x-y plane.Wherein, the x-y plane is by edge
X-axis and plane determined by the y-axis that extends in left-right direction that fore-and-aft direction extends, and x-axis, y-axis and z-axis collectively form flute
Karr coordinate system, wherein J are molecule rotation angular quantum number, and K is the projector quantum for rotating angular momentum on molecular symmetry axes
Number；
(4) in electrostatic field E0In the presence of, the polarization intensity vector in x-y plane precession and in left battery lead plate and
Voltage signal is produced on the left and right plane-parallel capacitor that right battery lead plate is constituted；Become by measuring voltage on the plane-parallel capacitor of left and right
The frequency of change can obtain the precession frequency of electric polarization vector, according to Ω=γEE0-ωobsRotational frequency Ω can be measured, wherein,
γEFor electric dipole moment of molecule μEThe ratio of projection and molecule rotation angular momentum on molecule rotation angular momentum J directions, For reduced Planck constant, ωobsFor the Larmor precession frequency for measuring；
Compared to armoured magnetic field, shielding electric field is simply more.Molecule typically has electric dipole moment, in being in electrostatic field
The rotation angular momentum J of molecule can also see to regard the precession of electric dipole moment of molecule as around direction of an electric field precession.With reference to gyromagnetic ratio
Definition, define gyroelectric ratio γEFor electric dipole moment of molecule μEProjection on molecule rotation angular momentum J directions and molecule rotation angle
The ratio of momentum, then have molecule rotation angular momentum in electrostatic field E0In precession frequency formula
ωE=γEE0。
Quantum number M is come labelling for projections of the molecule rotation angular momentum J on outer field direction.In electrostatic field, due to this tower
Gram effect, the M energy levels of molecule divide, and the i on population of different M energy levels is slightly different, and molecular gas is integrally produced along electrostatic
The electric polarization of field direction (z directions).Similar to nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR process, by applying a radio-frequency pulse electric field in x directions,
Polarization intensity vector can be turned to x-y plane.Rf electric field is removed afterwards, and polarization intensity vector will be in x-y plane
Interior precession, precession frequency is equal to the precession frequency of electric dipole moment of molecule.When the device of loading molecular gas is around electrostatic field E0's
When direction is rotated with angular frequency Ω, the Larmor precession frequency for measuring is
ωobs=γEE0-Ω。
If it is known that electrostatic field E0Size, it is possible to obtain the size of angle of rotation frequency omega.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc. are limited, all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that utilization electric dipole moment of molecule precession measurement rotates angular frequency, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) gas molecule with permanent electric dipole moment is filled with hexahedron sealing container, wherein, the hexahedron sealing is held
Device is collectively formed by electric pole plate, bottom electrode plate, front battery lead plate, rear electrode plate, left battery lead plate and right battery lead plate；
(2) applied voltage on the plane-parallel capacitor up and down that electric pole plate and lower parallel-plate are constituted, makes hexahedron sealing container
The interior formation electrostatic field along the z-axis direction and electrostatic field is E0, so that the gas molecule polarizes and produces parallel with z-axis
Polarization intensity vector, wherein, the z-axis vertically extends；
(3) keep the voltage applied on upper and lower plane-parallel capacitor constant, and before and after front battery lead plate and rear electrode plate are constituted
Apply radio-frequency voltage on plane-parallel capacitor, make the rf electric field E that x-axis direction is produced in hexahedron sealing container1, and produce
Rf frequency is with the gas molecule in a certain rotating state in electrostatic field E0Under electric dipole moment precession frequency it is identical；Penetrating
Under frequency electric field action, the polarization intensity vector of the gas molecule of the rotating state will rotate, in the polarization intensity vector
Rotational angle closes radio-frequency voltage when reaching 90 °, now the polarization intensity vector is located at x-y plane, wherein, the x-y puts down
Face is the plane determined by the x-axis for extending along the longitudinal direction and the y-axis for extending in left-right direction, and x-axis, y-axis and z-axis are common
With composition cartesian coordinate system；
(4) in electrostatic field E0In the presence of, polarization intensity vector precession and in left battery lead plate and right electricity in x-y plane
Voltage signal is produced on the left and right plane-parallel capacitor that pole plate is constituted；By measuring change in voltage on the plane-parallel capacitor of left and right
Frequency can obtain the precession frequency of electric polarization vector, according to Ω=γEE0-ωobsRotational frequency Ω can be measured, wherein, γEFor
Electric dipole moment of molecule μEThe ratio of projection and molecule rotation angular momentum on molecule rotation angular momentum J directions, ωobsTo measure
Larmor precession frequency.
2. the method that a kind of utilization electric dipole moment of molecule precession measurement according to claim 1 rotates angular frequency, its feature
It is that the action time of radio-frequency voltage is t in step (3)p=π/γEE1。
3. the method that a kind of utilization electric dipole moment of molecule precession measurement according to claim 1 rotates angular frequency, its feature
It is that the gas molecule is symmetric top molecule.
4. the method that a kind of utilization electric dipole moment of molecule precession measurement according to claim 1 rotates angular frequency, its feature
It is that the gas molecule is CH3F。
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102706338A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 清华大学 | Giant magnetoresistive effect-based micro mechanical gyro |
| CN102914298A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Fullerene molecular gyroscope |
| CN103528580A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Method for measuring rotating angle of aircraft based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| US20150041708A1 (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-12 | Cornell University | Gyroidal mesoporous carbon materials and methods thereof |
| CN105066982A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-18 | 中国人民解放军装备学院 | Superfluid gyroscope apparatus based on cold atom gas quantum vortex |
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2016
- 2016-11-15 CN CN201611026581.1A patent/CN106595625A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102706338A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 清华大学 | Giant magnetoresistive effect-based micro mechanical gyro |
| CN102914298A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Fullerene molecular gyroscope |
| US20150041708A1 (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-12 | Cornell University | Gyroidal mesoporous carbon materials and methods thereof |
| CN103528580A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Method for measuring rotating angle of aircraft based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN105066982A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-18 | 中国人民解放军装备学院 | Superfluid gyroscope apparatus based on cold atom gas quantum vortex |
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